Punching machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of punching machining, and relates to a punching machine which comprises a workbench, a positioning assembly and an intercepting assembly are sequentially installed on the workbench in the conveying direction of workpieces, the intercepting assembly comprises a telescopic part moving in the direction close to or away from the workbench, and the positioning assembly comprises a positioning plate; the positioning plate is connected with a first driving piece which drives the positioning plate to move in the direction close to or away from the workbench, the first driving piece is connected with a second driving piece which drives the first driving piece to move in the direction close to or away from the intercepting assembly, and the workbench is provided with a pair of limiting assemblies. The two limiting assemblies move in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the workpieces and close to each other and clamp the workpieces. The workpiece locking device has the effect of conveniently locking workpieces with different sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of punching processing, and in particular to a punching machine. Background Art

[0002] H-shaped steel is an economical and efficient profile with a more optimized cross-sectional area distribution and a more reasonable strength-to-weight ratio. It is named because its cross-section is the same as the English letter "H". Since all parts of the H-shaped steel are arranged at right angles, the H-shaped steel has the advantages of strong bending resistance in all directions, simple construction, cost saving and light structure weight, and has been widely used.

[0003] In the process of processing H-beam, it is usually necessary to use a punching machine to punch the H-beam, and during the punching process, the H-beam needs to be locked by a positioning mechanism. Then the H-beam is punched, which reduces the movement of the H-beam during the punching process.

[0004] However, the existing positioning mechanism can usually only lock H-shaped steels of the same size, and is not suitable for H-shaped steels of different sizes. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to facilitate locking of workpieces of different sizes, the present application provides a punching machine.

[0006] The punching machine provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A punching machine comprises a workbench, on which a positioning assembly and an intercepting assembly are sequentially installed along the conveying direction of the workpiece, the intercepting assembly comprises a telescopic member moving toward or away from the workbench, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning plate, the positioning plate is connected to a driving member driving the positioning plate to move toward or away from the workbench, the driving member is connected to a second driving member driving the driving member to move toward or away from the intercepting assembly, a pair of limit assemblies are installed on the workbench, the two limit assemblies move in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the workpiece and toward each other to clamp the workpiece.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, after the workpiece is transferred to the workbench, the interception component is started to intercept the workpiece, and then the driving member drives the positioning plate to move in the direction close to the workbench, and the driving member 2 drives the driving member 1 and the positioning plate to move in the direction close to the interception component, thereby achieving the clamping and locking of the workpiece. The position of the positioning plate can be flexibly adjusted to facilitate the locking of workpieces of different sizes. At the same time, the limit assembly can move in a direction perpendicular to the direction of workpiece transmission and clamp the workpiece, ensuring the stability of the workpiece during the punching process. And when the workpiece is punched, the telescopic member is started to move in the direction away from the workbench, and then the driving member 2 is started to drive the driving member 1 and the positioning plate to continue to move in the direction of transmission of the workpiece, so that the punched workpiece has a tendency to leave the workbench.

[0008] Preferably, the driving part one includes a hydraulic cylinder one, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder one is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the workpiece and is fixedly connected to the positioning plate, and the driving part two includes a hydraulic cylinder two fixedly connected to the workbench, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder two is arranged along the conveying direction of the workpiece and is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder one.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, hydraulic cylinder 1 can drive the positioning plate to move perpendicular to the workpiece conveying direction, so as to contact the end of the workpiece away from the interception component; hydraulic cylinder 2 drives hydraulic cylinder 1 to move along the workpiece conveying direction, ensuring that the positioning component and the interception component work together, thereby clamping the workpiece and improving the punching accuracy and efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic member comprises a hydraulic cylinder three fixedly connected to the workbench, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder three is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the workpiece and is fixedly connected to an intercepting plate.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, hydraulic cylinder three is started, and hydraulic cylinder three drives the interception plate to move towards or away from the workbench, which facilitates the effective interception of the workpiece and improves the stability of the workpiece during processing.

[0012] Preferably, each of the limiting components includes a mounting plate slidably connected to the upper surface of the workbench, each of the mounting plates is rotatably connected to a positioning roller at one end close to the intercepting component, each of the mounting plates is slidably connected to a movable frame, the two movable frames are rotatably connected to the sides close to each other with movable rollers, each movable roller is located on the side of the corresponding positioning roller away from the intercepting component, each mounting plate is equipped with a driving member for adjusting the movable frame on the mounting plate to move in a direction away from or close to the positioning roller, and the workbench is equipped with an adjusting member that drives the two mounting plates to move in a direction close to or away from each other.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, according to the different lengths of the workpiece, the position of each moving roller is adjusted by adjusting the moving frame on the mounting plate, and the positioning roller is cooperated to achieve stable clamping of workpieces of different sizes. At the same time, the adjustment member installed on the workbench can drive the two mounting plates to move closer or farther from each other, so as to adapt to workpieces of different widths, so that a pair of positioning rollers can clamp the workpiece, and a pair of moving rollers can clamp the workpiece at the same time, further enhancing the adaptability and stability of the equipment. And after the two limit assemblies clamp the workpiece, the two driving members can be adjusted to drive the driving member and the positioning plate to further move in the direction close to the workpiece and clamp the workpiece. In the process of the positioning plate pushing the workpiece to move, the workpiece drives the moving roller and the positioning roller to rotate, reducing the occurrence of damage to the workpiece.

[0014] Preferably, the driving member includes a pair of fixed blocks fixed on corresponding mounting plates, a lead screw is rotatably connected between the pair of fixed blocks, the lead screw passes through the movable frame and is threadedly connected to the movable frame, and a driving motor is fixedly connected to the mounting plate to drive the lead screw to rotate forward and reversely.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive motor is started, and the drive motor rotates to drive the lead screw to rotate forward and reverse, so that the moving frame can be driven to move toward or away from the positioning roller. The drive motor can accurately control the sliding of the moving frame along the mounting plate, thereby realizing fine adjustment of the position of the moving roller to adapt to workpieces of different lengths.

[0016] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided on one side of the movable frame, a movable shaft is rotatably connected in the mounting groove, the movable shaft passes through the movable roller and is fixedly connected to the movable roller, a gear one is coaxially fixed to one end of the movable shaft, a transition hole is provided on one side wall of the mounting groove, a gear two is rotatably connected in the transition hole, the gear two is meshed with the gear one, a side of the movable frame facing away from the mounting groove is rotatably connected with the gear three, the gear three is meshed with the gear two, a rack is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting plate, the rack is meshed with the gear three.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the mobile frame drives the mobile roller to move in the direction away from the positioning roller, the gear three moves along the rack and rotates, and the rotation of the gear three drives the gear two and gear one to rotate, and then drives the mobile shaft and the mobile roller to rotate. At this time, the mobile roller does not contact the workpiece, and the rotation of the mobile roller does not affect the position of the workpiece. When the mobile roller moves to the required position, the two mounting plates are driven to move in the direction of approaching each other through the adjustment member until a pair of mobile rollers clamp the workpiece, and at the same time, a pair of positioning rollers also clamp the workpiece. Then, the workpiece is punched. After the punching is completed, the mobile frame is adjusted to drive the mobile roller to move in the direction close to the positioning roller. At this time, the rack drives the gear three to rotate, and then drives the gear two, gear one and the mobile roller to rotate. The pair of mobile rollers rotate and drive the workpiece to move in the conveying direction of the workpiece through friction. At the same time, the pair of mobile rollers can also drive the workpiece to move in the conveying direction of the workpiece in the direction close to the positioning roller, which further facilitates the workpiece to leave the workbench and continue to be conveyed.

[0018] Preferably, the movable roller includes a sleeve shaft fixed coaxially with the movable shaft, a sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve shaft, the sleeve shaft is rotatably connected to the sleeve, a plurality of locking plates are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sleeve shaft, each of the locking plates is gradually inclined in a direction away from the sleeve shaft, and a plurality of locking plates are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the sleeve, each of the locking plates is gradually inclined in a direction away from the sleeve.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the moving roller moves in the direction away from the positioning roller, the sleeve shaft rotates relatively to the sleeve. At this time, it is difficult for the sleeve shaft to drive the sleeve to rotate. Even if the sleeve is close to the workpiece, it is difficult for the sleeve to rotate, thereby affecting the position of the workpiece. When the moving roller moves in the direction close to the positioning roller, the sleeve shaft rotates relative to the sleeve. At this time, the locking between the sleeve shaft and the sleeve is achieved by the clamping of the locking piece and the locking piece. The rotation of the sleeve shaft drives the sleeve to rotate, and then drives the workpiece to move along the conveying direction of the workpiece. The setting of the locking piece and the locking piece allows the two limit assemblies to pre-clamp the workpiece, and then adjust the moving roller to move in the direction away from the positioning shaft, thereby adjusting the position of the moving roller, so that the order of the two limit assemblies clamping the workpiece is relatively flexible.

[0020] Preferably, the outer side wall of the sleeve shaft is coaxially fixedly connected with a guide ring, the inner side wall of the sleeve is provided with an annular groove, and the guide ring is slidably plugged into the annular groove.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sleeve shaft rotates relative to the sleeve, the setting of the guide ring and the annular groove is convenient for limiting the position between the sleeve shaft and the sleeve, which can effectively improve the stability of the movable roller during operation, reduce the deviation of the locking piece and the locking piece when force is applied, and ensure the normal operation of the movable roller.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: The position of the positioning plate can be flexibly adjusted to facilitate locking of workpieces of different sizes; When the positioning plate pushes the workpiece to move, the workpiece drives the moving roller and the positioning roller to rotate, which reduces the damage to the workpiece. The order in which the two limit assemblies clamp the workpiece is relatively flexible; after the punching is completed, the movable frame is adjusted to drive the movable roller to move toward the direction close to the positioning roller. During the resetting process of the movable roller, the workpiece can be driven to move along the conveying direction of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be detached from the workbench and continue to be conveyed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a punching machine according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable frame and movable rollers according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a top view of the punching machine embodied in the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a manifestation Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a manifestation Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0028] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. workbench; 2. positioning assembly; 21. positioning plate; 22. hydraulic cylinder one; 23. hydraulic cylinder two; 24. support frame; 3. interception assembly; 31. telescopic member; 311. interception frame; 312. hydraulic cylinder three; 313. interception plate; 4. limit assembly; 41. mounting plate; 42. adjusting member; 421. driving cylinder; 43. positioning frame; 431. positioning roller; 44. moving frame; 441. moving roller; 4411. sleeve shaft; 4412. sleeve; 4413. annular groove; 442. mounting groove; 443. moving shaft; 45. driving member; 451. fixing block; 452. lead screw; 453. driving motor; 46. gear one; 47. gear two; 48. support block; 481. gear three; 49. rack 5. locking one piece; 6. locking two pieces; 7. guide ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is combined with Figure 1-Figure 5 This application is described in further detail.

[0030] The present application embodiment discloses a punching machine. Figure 1 and Figure 2The punching machine includes a workbench 1, on which a positioning component 2 and an intercepting component 3 are sequentially installed along the conveying direction of the workpiece. The workpiece is conveyed to the workbench 1 by a conveying mechanism. After the punching is completed, the workpiece moves from the positioning component 2 to a direction close to the intercepting component 3 and is separated from the workbench 1, and is conveyed to other workstations along the conveying mechanism again.

[0031] The positioning assembly 2 includes a positioning plate 21, and a driving member is connected to the positioning plate 21 to drive the positioning plate 21 to move toward or away from the workbench 1. The driving member is connected to the driving member to drive the driving member to move toward or away from the interception assembly 3. The driving member is a hydraulic cylinder 1 22, and the driving member is a hydraulic cylinder 2 23. The positioning assembly 2 includes a support frame 24 fixedly connected to the workbench 1, and the hydraulic cylinder 2 23 is fixedly connected to the support frame 24, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 23 is set in the direction of approaching the interception assembly 3. The hydraulic cylinder 1 22 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 23, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1 22 is vertically downward and fixedly connected to the positioning plate 21.

[0032] The interception assembly 3 includes a telescopic part 31 that moves toward or away from the workbench 1; the telescopic part 31 includes an interception frame 311 fixedly connected to the workbench 1, and a hydraulic cylinder three 312 is fixedly connected to the interception frame 311, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder three 312 is vertically downward and fixedly connected to the interception plate 313.

[0033] When the workpiece is transferred to the workbench 1, the hydraulic cylinder 3 312 is activated, and the hydraulic cylinder 3 312 drives the interception plate 313 to descend and contact the workbench 1, at which time the interception plate 313 intercepts the workpiece. Then the hydraulic cylinder 1 22 is activated to drive the positioning plate 21 to descend until it contacts the workbench 1, and the hydraulic cylinder 2 23 is activated to drive the positioning plate 21 to move toward the workpiece until the positioning plate 21 contacts the end of the workpiece away from the interception plate 313, at which time the positioning plate 21 and the interception plate 313 both clamp and position the workpiece.

[0034] A pair of limit assemblies 4 are installed on the workbench 1. The two limit assemblies 4 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction of workpiece transmission. The two limit assemblies 4 move toward each other and clamp the workpiece.

[0035] Each limiting assembly 4 includes a mounting plate 41 slidably connected to the upper surface of the workbench 1, and an adjusting member 42 is installed on the workbench 1 to drive the two mounting plates 41 to move toward or away from each other. A positioning frame 43 is fixedly connected to one end of each mounting plate 41 close to the interception assembly 3, and a positioning roller 431 is rotatably connected to the side of the two positioning frames 43 close to each other.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2Each mounting plate 41 is slidably connected to a moving frame 44, which slides along the length direction of the mounting plate 41. The two moving frames 44 are rotatably connected to a moving roller 441 on the side close to each other, and each moving roller 441 is located on the side of the corresponding positioning roller 431 away from the interception assembly 3. Each mounting plate 41 is equipped with a driving member 45 for adjusting the moving frame 44 on the mounting plate 41 to move away from or close to the positioning roller 431.

[0037] The driving member 45 includes a pair of fixed blocks 451 fixed on the corresponding mounting plates 41, and a lead screw 452 is rotatably connected between the pair of fixed blocks 451. The lead screw 452 passes through the moving frame 44 and is threadedly connected to the moving frame 44. A driving motor 453 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 41, and the output shaft of the driving motor 453 passes through one of the fixed blocks 451 and is coaxially fixed to the lead screw 452.

[0038] The driving motor 453 drives the lead screw 452 to rotate, so that the moving frame 44 can move along the lead screw 452 toward or away from the positioning roller 431 , thereby adjusting the position of the moving roller 441 .

[0039] The adjusting member 42 includes two driving cylinders 421 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the workbench 1 , the piston rods of the two driving cylinders 421 extend toward each other, one driving cylinder 421 corresponds to one mounting plate 41 , and the piston rods of the driving cylinders 421 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 41 .

[0040] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the two moving frames 44 are provided with mounting grooves 442 on the side close to each other, and a moving shaft 443 is rotatably connected in each mounting groove 442, and each moving shaft 443 penetrates the corresponding moving roller 441 and is fixedly connected to the moving roller 441. A gear 1 46 is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the moving shaft 443, and a transition hole is provided on the bottom wall of the mounting groove 442, and a gear 2 47 is rotatably connected in the transition hole. A pair of support blocks 48 are fixedly connected to the side of the moving frame 44 away from the mounting groove 442, and a gear 3 481 is rotatably connected in the pair of support blocks 48, and the gear 2 47 is meshed with the gear 1 46, and the gear 3 481 is meshed with the gear 2 47. A pair of support rods are fixedly connected to the upper surface of each mounting plate 41, and a rack 49 is fixedly connected to the pair of support rods, and the rack 49 is meshed with the gear 3 481.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The moving roller 441 includes a sleeve shaft 4411 fixed coaxially with the moving shaft 443, and a sleeve 4412 is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve shaft 4411, and the sleeve shaft 4411 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 4412. A plurality of locking pieces 5 are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sleeve shaft 4411, and each locking piece 5 gradually tilts away from the sleeve shaft 4411. A plurality of locking pieces 6 are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the sleeve 4412, and each locking piece 6 gradually tilts away from the sleeve 4412. Both the locking piece 5 and the locking piece 6 have a certain plasticity.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , adjust a pair of moving rollers 441 to clamp the workpiece, and a pair of positioning rollers 431 also clamp the workpiece. Then adjust the moving frame 44 to drive the moving roller 441 to move away from the positioning roller 431, at this time, the gear 3 481 moves along the rack 49 to rotate, the gear 3 481 rotates to drive the gear 2 47 and the gear 1 46 to rotate, and then drives the moving shaft 443 and the sleeve shaft 4411 to rotate, the sleeve shaft 4411 rotates relative to the sleeve 4412, and at this time a piece 5 is locked (see Figure 4 ) and lock the second piece 6 (see Figure 4 ) fail to engage with each other, the locking piece 5 rotates relatively smoothly relative to each locking piece 6, and the sleeve shaft 4411 is difficult to drive the sleeve 4412 to rotate, so the sleeve 4412 does not affect the position of the workpiece. When the moving roller 441 moves to the desired position, the movement of the moving roller 441 is stopped.

[0043] After the workpiece is punched, the movable frame 44 is adjusted to drive the movable roller 441 to move toward the direction close to the positioning roller 431. At this time, the rack 49 drives the gear 3 481 to rotate, and then drives the gear 2 47, the gear 1 46 and the movable shaft 443 to rotate. The rotation of the movable shaft 443 drives the sleeve shaft 4411 to rotate relative to the sleeve 4412. At this time, by locking a piece 5 (see Figure 4 ) and lock the second piece 6 (see Figure 4 ) is connected to realize the locking between the sleeve shaft 4411 and the sleeve 4412, that is, the sleeve shaft 4411 drives the sleeve 4412 to rotate, and the rotation of the sleeve 4412 drives the workpiece to move along the conveying direction of the workpiece through friction, so that the workpiece can be separated from the workbench 1 and continue to be conveyed.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 The outer wall of the sleeve shaft 4411 is coaxially fixedly connected with a guide ring 7, and the inner wall of the sleeve 4412 is provided with an annular groove 4413, and the guide ring 7 is slidably plugged into the annular groove 4413. The sleeve shaft 4411 and the sleeve 4412 are reduced from being separated from each other.

[0045] The implementation principle of a punching machine in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: the workpiece is conveyed to the workbench 1 along the conveying mechanism, and then the workpiece is intercepted by the interception component 3. Then the positioning component 2 moves in a direction close to the interception component 3 until the interception component 3 and the positioning component 2 clamp the workpiece. Then the adjustment member 42 is started to make the two limit components 4 move in a direction close to each other and clamp the workpiece. Each driving motor 453 is started to make the moving roller 441 move in a direction away from the positioning roller 431 until the moving roller 441 moves to the desired position, at which time the workpiece can be punched.

[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A punching machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a workbench (1), on which a positioning assembly (2) and an intercepting assembly (3) are sequentially mounted along a workpiece conveying direction, the intercepting assembly (3) comprising a telescopic member (31) that moves in a direction approaching or away from the workbench (1), the positioning assembly (2) comprising a positioning plate (21), the positioning plate (21) being connected to a driving member that drives the positioning plate (21) to move in a direction approaching or away from the workbench (1), the driving member being connected to a second driving member that drives the driving member to move in a direction approaching or away from the intercepting assembly (3), and a pair of limit assemblies (4) are mounted on the workbench (1), the two limit assemblies (4) moving in a direction perpendicular to the workpiece conveying direction and in a direction approaching each other and clamping the workpiece.

2. A punching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving part one comprises a hydraulic cylinder one (22), the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder one (22) is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the workpiece and is fixedly connected to the positioning plate (21), and the driving part two comprises a hydraulic cylinder two (23) fixedly connected to the workbench (1), the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder two (23) is arranged along the conveying direction of the workpiece and is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder one (22).

3. A punching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic member (31) comprises a hydraulic cylinder three (312) fixedly connected to the workbench (1); the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder three (312) is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the workpiece and is fixedly connected to an interception plate (313).

4. A punching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the limiting components (4) comprises a mounting plate (41) slidably connected to the upper surface of the workbench (1); one end of each of the mounting plates (41) close to the interception component (3) is rotatably connected to a positioning roller (431); each of the mounting plates (41) is slidably connected to a moving frame (44); the sides of the two moving frames (44) close to each other are rotatably connected to a moving roller (441); each moving roller (441) is located on a side of the corresponding positioning roller (431) away from the interception component (3); each of the mounting plates (41) is mounted with a driving member (45) for adjusting the moving frame (44) on the mounting plate (41) to move in a direction away from or towards the positioning roller (431); and the workbench (1) is mounted with an adjusting member (42) for driving the two mounting plates (41) to move in a direction close to or away from each other.

5. A punching machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving member (45) comprises a pair of fixed blocks (451) fixed on corresponding mounting plates (41); a lead screw (452) is rotatably connected between the pair of fixed blocks (451); the lead screw (452) passes through the moving frame (44) and is threadedly connected to the moving frame (44); and a driving motor (453) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (41) for driving the lead screw (452) to rotate forward and reverse.

6. A punching machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A mounting groove (442) is provided on one side of the movable frame (44), a movable shaft (443) is rotatably connected in the mounting groove (442), the movable shaft (443) passes through the movable roller (441) and is fixedly connected to the movable roller (441), a gear one (46) is coaxially fixed to one end of the movable shaft (443), a transition hole is provided on one side wall of the mounting groove (442), a gear two (47) is rotatably connected in the transition hole, the gear two (47) is meshed with the gear one (46), a gear three (481) is rotatably connected to the side of the movable frame (44) away from the mounting groove (442), the gear three (481) is meshed with the gear two (47), and a rack (49) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting plate (41), the rack (49) is meshed with the gear three (481).

7. A punching machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable roller (441) comprises a sleeve shaft (4411) fixed coaxially with the movable shaft (443); a sleeve tube (4412) is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve shaft (4411); the sleeve shaft (4411) is rotatably connected to the sleeve tube (4412); a plurality of locking plates (5) are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sleeve shaft (4411); each locking plate (5) gradually tilts in a direction away from the sleeve shaft (4411); and a plurality of locking plates (6) are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the sleeve tube (4412); each locking plate (6) gradually tilts in a direction away from the sleeve tube (4412).

8. A punching machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the sleeve shaft (4411) is coaxially fixedly connected with a guide ring (7), the inner side wall of the sleeve (4412) is provided with an annular groove (4413), and the guide ring (7) is slidably plugged into the annular groove (4413).

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