An environment-friendly fully automatic laser welding device and method for metal steel plates

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of laser welding equipment, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly fully automatic laser welding device and method for metal steel plates, including a steel plate laser welding device. The steel plate laser welding device includes a machine shell. A workbench is installed at the front part inside the machine shell. A light-transmitting plate is installed in the middle of the workbench. A projection plate is arranged on the lower side of the light-transmitting plate. Installation frames are fixedly connected to both sides of the projection plate, and the installation frames are all installed at the bottom of the workbench. A light-shielding curtain is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench through a guide rail, and the light-shielding curtain surrounds the installation frames and the projection plate. Industrial cameras are installed at the bottom of the installation frames and the top inside the machine shell, and the industrial cameras are electrically connected to a control box. The control box is installed at the bottom inside the machine shell. A welding robotic arm is arranged at the rear part of the workbench. In the present invention, the sprayed black organic coating can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of the laser energy by the steel plate to be welded during welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser welding equipment, and in particular to an environment-friendly fully automatic laser welding device and method for metal steel plates. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding uses a laser beam with a high energy density as a heat source. When the laser beam irradiates the surface of a metal steel plate, the energy of photons is absorbed by the atoms on the surface of the steel plate, increasing the internal energy of the atoms. These atoms transfer the energy to the surrounding atoms through mutual collisions, thus rapidly increasing the temperature of the surface of the steel plate and the welding material, achieving the welding of two or more steel plates. However, metals generally have a certain reflectivity, and the surface of a metal steel plate after high-brightness treatment is smoother. This smooth surface will cause an increase in laser reflection. According to the Fresnel's law, when a laser beam irradiates the surface of a metal, a part of the light will be reflected. For a high-brightness metal plate, its relatively high reflectivity may cause a considerable part of the laser energy not to be effectively absorbed by the metal for welding. At the same time, during the laser welding process, splashes may be generated when the welding material melts and solidifies. These small splashed particles may also rebound into the interior of the laser head and adhere to the lens. Moreover, the smoke generated during welding contains impurities such as metal particles. The smoke is likely to come into contact with and contaminate the lens during the flowing process. Therefore, we propose an environment-friendly fully automatic laser welding device and method for metal steel plates to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the background art, and to propose an environment-friendly fully automatic laser welding device and method for metal steel plates.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an environment-friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates, including a steel plate laser welding device. The steel plate laser welding device includes a machine shell. A workbench is installed at the front part inside the machine shell. A light-transmitting plate is installed in the middle of the workbench. A projection plate is arranged on the lower side of the light-transmitting plate. Both sides of the projection plate are fixedly connected with mounting frames. The mounting frames are all installed at the bottom of the workbench. A light-shielding curtain is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench through a guide rail. The light-shielding curtain surrounds the mounting frames and the projection plate. An industrial camera is installed at the bottom of the mounting frame and the top inside the machine shell. The industrial cameras are electrically connected to a control box. The control box is installed at the bottom inside the machine shell. A welding robotic arm is arranged at the rear part of the workbench. A positioning plate is installed at the middle rear side of the top of the workbench. The welding robotic arm and the positioning plate are both electrically connected to the control box. A fixing frame is installed at the end of the welding robotic arm. A laser head is installed inside the fixing frame. The end of the laser head is connected to a laser generator. The laser generator is installed at one side of the rear part inside the machine shell.

[0005] Preferably, a first connecting frame is fixedly connected to the lower part of the rear end of the fixing frame. A wire feeding head is installed at one end of the first connecting frame away from the fixing frame. The input end of the wire feeding head is connected to a wire supply wheel through a wire supply pipe, and the wire supply wheel is electrically connected to the control box.

[0006] Preferably, a bottom frame is fixedly connected to the lower part of the first connecting frame. A second connecting frame is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom frame away from the first connecting frame. A servo motor is installed in the middle of the second connecting frame. The servo motor is electrically connected to the control box. Nozzles are rotatably connected to both sides of the second connecting frame.

[0007] Preferably, an air chamber is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower part of the laser head. Fixing rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the air chamber. One ends of the fixing rods away from the air chamber are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame. A rotating ring is rotatably connected inside the air chamber. Guide vanes are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotating ring. The guide vanes are all inclined. The guide vanes are all arranged inside the air chamber. An air port is opened at the bottom of the air chamber.

[0008] Preferably, feeding pipes are fixedly connected to the ends of the nozzles. One ends of the feeding pipes away from the nozzles are all connected to feeding pumps. The feeding pumps are all connected to paint tanks. The feeding pumps and the paint tanks are all installed inside the machine shell. Limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the middle parts of the sides where the nozzles are close to each other. Guide grooves are opened in the middle parts of the limiting blocks. The two guide grooves are symmetrically arranged inclined grooves.

[0009] Preferably, limiting posts are slidably connected inside the guide grooves. The limiting posts are fixedly connected to both ends of a cross frame. A threaded rod penetrates through the middle of the cross frame. The threaded rod is fixedly connected to the driving end of the servo motor. The threaded rod is threadedly connected to the cross frame.

[0010] Preferably, the air port is an annular opening. Vent pipes are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the air chamber. The vent pipes are limited to both sides of the fixing frame through buckles. One ends of the vent pipes away from the air chamber are all connected to cooling air pumps. The cooling air pumps are installed inside the machine shell.

[0011] Preferably, protective windows are connected to both sides of the upper part of the front end of the machine shell through hinges. A light emitting frame is installed on the front side of the inner top of the machine shell. The bottom of the light emitting frame faces the light transmitting plate and the projection plate directly.

[0012] Preferably, fixing plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the workbench. Symmetrical screw jacks are fixedly connected to the tops of the fixing plates. Clamping seats are fixedly connected to the telescopic ends of the screw jacks. The clamping parts of the clamping seats clamp the steel plates to be welded. A welding gap is formed between the two steel plates to be welded.

[0013] Preferably, an environment-friendly fully automatic laser welding method for metal steel plates includes the following operation steps:

[0014] S1. First, fix the steel plates to be welded respectively through the clamping seats on both sides. Then, drive the clamping seats on both sides and the steel plates to be welded closer through the operation of the screw jacking machine, and precisely control the reserved gap between the steel plates to be welded through the screw jacking machine. At this time, the light projection frame starts to work.

[0015] S2. Emit direct light downward through the operation of the light projection frame, so that the shadow of the steel plates to be welded is projected onto the projection plate. Identify the edge contour of the projection through the industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device, calculate the coordinate points and transmit them to the welding robotic arm, and assist the welding robotic arm to perform zero point marking through the positioning plate before laser welding.

[0016] S3. During welding, the feeding pump will start to work synchronously. Through the operation of the feeding pump, the black organic coating is input into the nozzle through the feeding pipe and sprayed out through the nozzle to spray the metal at the welding gap.

[0017] S4. Continuously import the welding wire into the wire feeding head through the continuous operation of the wire supply wheel to achieve stable continuous welding work. During welding, as the welding robotic arm works, the air pump starts to work synchronously.

[0018] S5. Input the cooling gas into the air chamber through the air pipe by the air pump. After the gas enters the air chamber, it will start to contact the guide vane. Through the continuous inflow of the cooling air flow, it will force the guide vane and the rotating ring to rotate. When the guide vane and the rotating ring rotate, the cooling gas will be sprayed out in a spiral shape from the air outlet to form an annular air column, clean the harmful gases and fine impurities generated during welding, and protect the nozzle at the port of the laser head to prevent the flying particles generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention emits direct light downward through the operation of the light projection frame, so that the shadow of the steel plates to be welded is projected onto the projection plate. The industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device can identify the edge contour of the projection, calculate the path coordinates of the welding gap in cooperation with the machine vision system, and transmit them to the welding robotic arm through Bluetooth. The positioning plate can assist the welding robotic arm to perform zero point marking before laser welding to update the coordinates, facilitate path planning, and thus can achieve automatic welding work, reduce the time wasted by manual programming, and especially has a higher efficiency improvement effect for curved welds.

[0021] 2. During welding, the material feeding pump will start working synchronously. Through the operation of the material feeding pump, the black organic coating can be input into the nozzle through the feeding pipe and sprayed out through the nozzle, so as to realize the spraying of the metal at the welding gap. The sprayed black organic coating can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of the laser energy by the steel plate to be welded during welding, thus avoiding the situation that when welding a high-brightness metal plate, a relatively large part of the laser energy may not be effectively absorbed by the metal for welding due to its high surface reflectivity, resulting in poor welding quality, which is beneficial to improving the welding effect.

[0022] 3. By receiving the data of the width of the welding gap obtained by the industrial camera, the control box can correspondingly start the servo motor. Through the operation of the servo motor, the threaded rod will be driven to rotate. Through the rotation of the threaded rod, the cross frame can be driven to rotate. Through the movement of the cross frame, the two limit posts on both sides are used in cooperation with the guide grooves to adjust the tilt angle and port orientation of the two nozzles, so that the black organic coating can better cover the path where the laser passes, which is beneficial to dealing with different welding scenarios.

[0023] 4. During welding, as the welding robotic arm works, the air pump starts working synchronously. Through the air pump, the cooling gas can be input into the air chamber through the ventilation pipe. After the gas enters the air chamber, it will start to contact the guide vane. Through the continuous inflow of the cooling air flow, the guide vane and the rotating ring will be forced to rotate. When the guide vane and the rotating ring rotate, the cooling gas will be sprayed out in a spiral shape from the air outlet, so as to effectively enhance the cleaning effect of the cooling air flow on the harmful gases and fine impurities generated during welding, which is beneficial to actual use.

[0024] 5. The air outlet is a circular opening, so as to form a continuous circular air column at the port of the laser head, realizing full protection of the laser head port, avoiding the flying particles generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing and damaging the internal lens of the laser head. And the circular air column can realize the pre-cleaning of the un-welded part, avoiding the existence of fine dust on the steel plate to be welded and subsequent incorporation into the welding liquid to affect the welding quality. At the same time, it can quickly cool the welding liquid after welding, avoiding impurities from falling into it when the welding liquid has not cooled and solidified, which is beneficial to actual welding work. At the same time, the air chamber is arranged above the nozzle of the laser head port. When the cooling air ring blows downward, it will synchronously cool the nozzle of the laser head, so as to effectively improve the service life of the nozzle and greatly extend the replacement cycle of the nozzle, which is beneficial to long-term use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a front three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an environment-friendly metal steel plate full-automatic laser welding device and method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2Schematic view of the internal structure of a fully automatic laser welding device and method for an environmentally friendly metal steel plate according to the present invention, seen from below;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic view of the internal structure of a fully automatic laser welding device and method for an environmentally friendly metal steel plate according to the present invention, seen from above;

[0028] Figure 4 Partial structural schematic view of the projection plate of a fully automatic laser welding device and method for an environmentally friendly metal steel plate according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 Partial structural schematic view of the positioning plate of a fully automatic laser welding device and method for an environmentally friendly metal steel plate according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 Partial structural schematic view of the laser head of a fully automatic laser welding device and method for an environmentally friendly metal steel plate according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 Partial structural schematic view of the inside of the air chamber of a fully automatic laser welding device and method for an environmentally friendly metal steel plate according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 Partial structural schematic view of the second connecting frame of a fully automatic laser welding device and method for an environmentally friendly metal steel plate according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 Partial structural schematic view of the cross frame of a fully automatic laser welding device and method for an environmentally friendly metal steel plate according to the present invention.

[0034] 1. Steel plate laser welding device; 101. Machine shell; 102. Protective window; 103. Steel plate to be welded; 104. Cross frame; 105. Light projection frame; 106. Welding robotic arm; 107. Workbench; 108. Threaded jacking machine; 109. Clamping seat; 110. Fixed frame; 111. Laser head; 112. Positioning plate; 113. Fixed plate; 114. Translucent plate; 115. Light-shielding curtain; 116. Guide rail; 117. Mounting frame; 118. Projection plate; 119. Limit post; 120. Wire feeding head; 121. First connecting frame; 122. Bottom frame; 123. Vent pipe; 124. Air chamber; 125. Guide groove; 126. Flow guiding piece; 127. Rotating ring; 128. Air port; 129. Fixed rod; 130. Nozzle; 131. Second connecting frame; 132. Servo motor; 133. Threaded rod; 134. Limit block. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations.

[0036] As Figures 1-9 shown, an environmentally friendly full-automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates includes a steel plate laser welding device 1. The steel plate laser welding device 1 includes a machine shell 101. A workbench 107 is installed at the front part inside the machine shell 101. A light-transmitting plate 114 is installed in the middle of the workbench 107. A projection plate 118 is arranged on the lower side of the light-transmitting plate 114. Installation frames 117 are fixedly connected to both sides of the projection plate 118. The installation frames 117 are all installed at the bottom of the workbench 107. A light-shielding curtain 115 is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench 107 through a guide rail 116. The light-shielding curtain 115 surrounds the installation frames 117 and the projection plate 118. Industrial cameras are installed at the bottom of the installation frames 117 and the top inside the machine shell 101. The industrial cameras and their paired machine vision systems are prior art. The industrial cameras are electrically connected to a control box. The control box is installed at the bottom inside the machine shell 101. The control module of the control box is prior art. It is connected to the rest of the equipment through a Bluetooth or wireless data transmission module and controls the rest of the equipment by sending control signals. After receiving the signals, the rest of the equipment makes corresponding instructions to complete the full-automatic work. A welding robotic arm 106 is arranged at the rear part of the workbench 107. A positioning plate 112 is installed at the middle rear side of the top end of the workbench 107. The welding robotic arm 106 and the positioning plate 112 are both electrically connected to the control box. A fixing frame 110 is installed at the end of the welding robotic arm 106. A laser head 111 is installed inside the fixing frame 110. The end of the laser head 111 is connected to a laser generator. The laser generator is installed at one side of the rear part inside the machine shell 101;

[0037] Further, in specific implementation, the industrial cameras inside the steel plate laser welding device 1 can identify the edge contour of the projection, calculate the path coordinates of the weld seam to be welded in cooperation with the machine vision system, and transmit them to the welding robotic arm 106 through Bluetooth. The positioning plate 112 can assist the welding robotic arm 106 to perform zero-point marking before laser welding to update the coordinates, facilitating path planning. The path planning system is prior art. Refer to Chinese patent document CN112223272B. Thus, automatic welding work can be achieved, reducing the time wasted by manual programming. Especially for curved weld seams, there is a better efficiency improvement effect.

[0038] Among them, a first connecting frame 121 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the rear end of the fixing frame 110. A wire feeding head 120 is installed at one end of the first connecting frame 121 away from the fixing frame 110. The input end of the wire feeding head 120 is connected to a wire supply wheel through a wire supply pipe. The wire supply wheel is electrically connected to the control box. On both sides of the upper part of the front end of the machine shell 101, protective windows 102 are connected through hinges. A light projecting frame 105 is installed at the front side of the inner top of the machine shell 101. The bottom of the light projecting frame 105 is directly opposite to the light transmitting plate 114 and the projection plate 118. Fixed plates 113 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the workbench 107. Symmetrical screw jacks 108 are fixedly connected to the tops of the fixed plates 113. Clamping seats 109 are fixedly connected to the telescopic ends of the screw jacks 108. The clamping parts of the clamping seats 109 clamp the steel plates 103 to be welded. A welding gap is formed between the two steel plates 103 to be welded;

[0039] Further, in specific implementation, during actual use, people can first fix the steel plates 103 to be welded respectively through the clamping seats 109 on both sides. Then, through the operation of the screw jacks 108, the clamping seats 109 on both sides and the steel plates 103 to be welded can be driven to approach each other. Through the screw jacks 108, precise control of the reserved gap between the steel plates 103 to be welded can be achieved. At this time, the light projecting frame 105 starts to work. Through the operation of the light projecting frame 105, direct light is emitted downward, so that the shadow of the steel plate 103 to be welded is projected onto the projection plate 118.

[0040] Among them, a bottom frame 122 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the first connecting frame 121. A second connecting frame 131 is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom frame 122 away from the first connecting frame 121. A servo motor 132 is installed in the middle of the second connecting frame 131. The servo motor 132 is electrically connected to the control box. Nozzles 130 are rotatably connected to both sides of the second connecting frame 131. Feeding pipes are fixedly connected to the ends of the nozzles 130. The ends of the feeding pipes away from the nozzles 130 are all connected to feeding pumps. The feeding pumps are all connected to paint tanks. The feeding pumps and the paint tanks are all installed inside the machine shell 101. Limiting blocks 134 are fixedly connected to the middle parts of the sides of the nozzles 130 close to each other. Guide grooves 125 are opened in the middle parts of the limiting blocks 134. The two guide grooves 125 are inclined grooves arranged symmetrically. Limiting columns 119 are slidably connected inside the guide grooves 125. The limiting columns 119 are fixedly connected to both ends of the cross frame 104. A threaded rod 133 passes through the middle of the cross frame 104. The threaded rod 133 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the servo motor 132. The threaded rod 133 is threadedly connected to the cross frame 104;

[0041] Further, during specific implementation, when welding, the feeding pump will start working synchronously. Through the operation of the feeding pump, the black organic coating can be input into the nozzle 130 through the feeding pipe and sprayed out through the nozzle 130, so as to realize the spraying of the metal at the welding gap. The sprayed black organic coating can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of the laser energy by the steel plate 103 to be welded during welding, thereby avoiding the situation that when welding a high-brightness metal plate, a relatively large part of the laser energy may not be effectively absorbed by the metal for welding, resulting in poor welding quality, which is beneficial to improving the welding effect. During this process, by receiving the data of the width of the welding gap obtained by the industrial camera, the control box can correspondingly start the servo motor 132. Through the operation of the servo motor 132, the threaded rod 133 will be driven to rotate. Through the rotation of the threaded rod 133, the cross frame 104 can be driven to rotate. Through the movement of the cross frame 104, the two nozzles 130 can be adjusted in terms of the inclination angle and the port orientation by using the cooperation between the two limit posts 119 on both sides and the guide grooves 125, so that the black organic coating can better cover the path where the laser passes, which is beneficial to dealing with different welding scenarios.

[0042] Among them, an air chamber 124 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower part of the laser head 111. Fixed rods 129 are fixedly connected to both sides of the air chamber 124. The ends of the fixed rods 129 far away from the air chamber 124 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed frame 110. A rotating ring 127 is rotatably connected inside the air chamber 124. Uniformly distributed guide vanes 126 are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotating ring 127. The guide vanes 126 are all inclined. The guide vanes 126 are all arranged inside the air chamber 124. An air port 128 is opened at the bottom of the air chamber 124. The air port 128 is an annular opening. Vent pipes 123 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the air chamber 124. The vent pipes 123 are both limited on both sides of the fixed frame 110 by buckles. The ends of the vent pipes 123 far away from the air chamber 124 are both connected to a cooling air pump, and the cooling air pump is installed inside the machine shell 101;

[0043] Further, in specific implementation, through the continuous operation of the wire supply wheel, the welding wire can be continuously introduced into the wire feeding head 120, realizing stable continuous welding work. During welding, as the welding robotic arm 106 operates, the air pump starts working synchronously. Through the air pump, the cooling gas can be input into the air chamber 124 through the ventilation pipe 123. After the gas enters the air chamber 124, it will start to contact the guide vane 126. Through the continuously entering cooling air flow, it will force the guide vane 126 and the rotating ring 127 to rotate. When the guide vane 126 and the rotating ring 127 rotate, the cooling gas will be sprayed out in a spiral shape from the air outlet 128, thereby effectively enhancing the cleaning effect of the cooling air flow on the harmful gases and fine impurities generated during welding, which is beneficial for actual use. At the same time, the air outlet 128 is an annular opening, so that a continuous annular air column can be formed at the port of the laser head 111, realizing full protection of the port of the laser head 111, preventing the flying particle substances generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing and damaging the internal lens of the laser head 111. And the annular air column can realize the pre-cleaning of the un-welded part in advance, avoiding the existence of fine dust on the steel plate 103 to be welded, which will be incorporated into the welding liquid later and affect the welding quality. At the same time, it can quickly cool the welding liquid after welding, preventing impurities from falling into it when the welding liquid has not cooled and solidified, which is beneficial for actual welding work. At the same time, the air chamber 124 is arranged above the nozzle of the port of the laser head 111. When the cooling air ring blows downward, it will synchronously cool the nozzle of the laser head 111, thereby effectively improving the service life of the nozzle and greatly extending the replacement cycle of the nozzle, which is beneficial for long-term use.

[0044] Among them, an environmentally friendly full-automatic laser welding method for metal steel plates includes the following operating steps:

[0045] S1. First, fix the steel plates 103 to be welded respectively through the clamping seats 109 on both sides. Then, through the operation of the screw jacking machine 108, drive the clamping seats 109 on both sides and the steel plates 103 to approach each other. Through the screw jacking machine 108, accurately control the reserved gap between the steel plates 103 to be welded. At this time, the light projection frame 105 starts to work;

[0046] S2. Through the operation of the light projection frame 105, emit direct light downward, so that the shadow of the steel plate 103 to be welded is projected onto the projection plate 118. Identify the edge contour of the projection through the industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device 1, and calculate the coordinate points and transmit them to the welding robotic arm 106. Assist the welding robotic arm 106 to perform zero point marking through the positioning plate 112 before laser welding;

[0047] S3. During welding, the feeding pump will start to work synchronously. Through the operation of the feeding pump, input the black organic coating into the nozzle 130 through the feeding pipe and spray it out through the nozzle 130 for spraying the metal at the welding gap;

[0048] S4. Continuously introduce the welding wire into the wire feeder head 120 through the continuous operation of the wire supply wheel to achieve stable continuous welding work. During welding, as the welding robotic arm 106 works, the air pump starts working synchronously;

[0049] S5. Use the air pump to input the cooling gas into the air chamber 124 through the air pipe 123. After the gas enters the air chamber 124, it will start to contact the flow guide vane 126. The continuous inflow of the cooling air flow will force the flow guide vane 126 and the rotating ring 127 to rotate. When the flow guide vane 126 and the rotating ring 127 rotate, the cooling gas will be ejected in a spiral shape from the air outlet 128 to form an annular air column, cleaning the harmful gases and fine impurities generated during welding, and protecting the nozzle at the port of the laser head 111 to prevent the flying particles generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing.

[0050] Working principle:

[0051] In actual use, people can first fix the steel plates 103 to be welded respectively through the clamping seats 109 on both sides. Then, through the operation of the screw jack 108, the clamping seats 109 on both sides and the steel plates 103 to be welded can be driven to approach each other. Through the screw jack 108, precise control of the reserved gap between the steel plates 103 to be welded can be achieved. At this time, the light projection frame 105 starts to work, and emits direct light downward through its operation, so that the shadow of the steel plates 103 to be welded is projected onto the projection plate 118. The industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device 1 can identify the edge contour of the projection, and can calculate the path coordinates of the welding gap in cooperation with the machine vision system, and can transmit them to the welding robot arm 106 through Bluetooth. The positioning plate 112 can assist the welding robot arm 106 to perform zero point marking before laser welding, realize coordinate update, and facilitate path planning, so as to achieve automatic welding work, reduce the time wasted by manual programming, especially for curved welds, with a higher efficiency improvement effect. During welding, the feeding pump will start to work synchronously. Through the operation of the feeding pump, the black organic coating can be input into the nozzle 130 through the feeding pipe and sprayed out through the nozzle 130, so as to realize the spraying of the metal at the welding gap. The sprayed black organic coating can effectively improve the absorption efficiency of the laser energy by the steel plates 103 to be welded during welding, so as to avoid the situation that when welding a high-brightness metal plate, the high reflectivity of its surface may cause a considerable part of the laser energy not to be effectively absorbed by the metal for welding, resulting in poor welding quality, which is beneficial to improving the welding effect. During this process, by receiving the data of the width of the welding gap obtained by the industrial camera, the control box can correspondingly start the servo motor 132. Through the operation of the servo motor 132, the threaded rod 133 will be driven to rotate. Through the rotation of the threaded rod 133, the cross frame 104 can be driven to move. Through the movement of the cross frame 104, the two limiting columns 119 on both sides are used to cooperate with the guide grooves 125 to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle and port orientation of the two nozzles 130, so that the black organic coating can better cover the path where the laser passes, which is beneficial to dealing with different welding scenarios. Through the continuous operation of the wire supply wheel, the welding wire can be continuously introduced into the wire feeding head 120 to realize stable continuous welding work. During welding, with the operation of the welding robot arm 106, the air pump starts to work synchronously. Through the air pump, the cooling gas can be input into the air chamber 124 through the ventilation pipe 123. After the gas enters the air chamber 124, it will start to contact the guide vane 126. Through the continuous inflow of the cooling air flow, the guide vane 126 and the rotating ring 127 will be forced to rotate. When the guide vane 126 and the rotating ring 127 rotate, the cooling gas will be sprayed out in a spiral shape from the air outlet 128, so as to effectively enhance the cleaning effect of the cooling air flow on the harmful gases and fine impurities generated during welding, which is beneficial to actual use. At the same time, the air outlet 128 is an annular opening, so as to form a continuous annular air column at the port of the laser head 111.Fully protect the port of the laser head 111, avoid the flying particle matter generated during welding from reflecting into the laser channel during splashing and damaging the internal lens of the laser head 111. Moreover, the annular air column can pre-clean the un-welded part in advance, avoid the existence of fine dust on the steel plate 103 to be welded, and prevent it from affecting the welding quality when it is incorporated into the welding fluid later. At the same time, it can quickly cool the welding fluid after welding, avoid impurities from falling into it when the welding fluid has not cooled and solidified, which is beneficial to the actual welding work. At the same time, the air chamber 124 is arranged above the nozzle of the port part of the laser head 111. When the cooling air ring blows downward, it will synchronously cool the nozzle of the laser head 111, thereby effectively improving the service life of the nozzle and greatly extending the replacement cycle of the nozzle, which is beneficial to long-term use.

[0052] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates, comprising a steel plate laser welding device (1), characterized in that: The steel plate laser welding device (1) comprises a housing (101), a workbench (107) is installed at the front of the housing (101), a light-transmitting plate (114) is installed in the middle of the workbench (107), a projection plate (118) is arranged at the lower side of the light-transmitting plate (114), mounting frames (117) are fixedly connected to both sides of the projection plate (118), the mounting frames (117) are installed at the bottom of the workbench (107), a light-shielding curtain (115) is slidably connected to the bottom end of the workbench (107) via a guide rail (116), the light-shielding curtain (115) surrounds the mounting frame (117) and the projection plate (118), and the mounting frame (117) is fixedly connected to the projection plate (118) at both sides of the projection plate (118). 17) Industrial cameras are installed at the bottom and the top of the housing (101), and the industrial cameras are electrically connected to the control box. The control box is installed at the bottom of the housing (101). A welding robot arm (106) is arranged at the rear of the workbench (107). A positioning plate (112) is installed at the rear side of the middle of the top of the workbench (107). The welding robot arm (106) and the positioning plate (112) are electrically connected to the control box. A fixing frame (110) is installed at the end of the welding robot arm (106). A laser head (111) is installed inside the fixing frame (110). A laser generator is connected to the end of the laser head (111). The laser generator The fixing frame (110) is installed at one side of the rear part of the housing (101); the lower part of the rear end of the fixing frame (110) is fixedly connected to the first connecting frame (121); the lower part of the first connecting frame (121) is fixedly connected to the bottom frame (122); the end of the bottom frame (122) away from the first connecting frame (121) is fixedly connected to the second connecting frame (131); a servo motor (132) is installed in the middle of the second connecting frame (131); both sides of the second connecting frame (131) are rotatably connected to the nozzles (130); the ends of the nozzles (130) are fixedly connected to the feeding pipes; the ends of the feeding pipes away from the nozzles (130) are connected to the feeding pumps; the feeding pumps are connected to the paint tanks; The feed pump and the paint tank are both installed inside the casing (101); the middle part of the side close to the nozzle (130) is fixedly connected to a limit block (134); the middle part of the limit block (134) is provided with a guide groove (125); the two guide grooves (125) are symmetrically arranged oblique grooves; the guide grooves (125) are slidably connected to limit columns (119); the limit columns (119) are fixedly connected to both ends of the cross frame (104); a threaded rod (133) passes through the middle part of the cross frame (104); the threaded rod (133) is fixedly connected to the driving end of the servo motor (132); and the threaded rod (133) is threadedly connected to the cross frame (104).

2. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A wire feeding head (120) is installed at one end of the connecting frame 1 (121) away from the fixing frame (110); an input end of the wire feeding head (120) is connected to a wire feeding wheel via a wire feeding tube; and the wire feeding wheel is electrically connected to a control box.

3. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The servo motor (132) is electrically connected to the control box.

4. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 3 is characterized by: An air chamber (124) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lower part of the laser head (111), and fixing rods (129) are fixedly connected to both sides of the air chamber (124), and one end of the fixing rod (129) away from the air chamber (124) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing frame (110), and a rotating ring (127) is rotatably connected inside the air chamber (124), and evenly distributed guide plates (126) are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotating ring (127), and the guide plates (126) are all inclinedly arranged and arranged inside the air chamber (124), and an air port (128) is opened at the bottom of the air chamber (124).

5. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The air port (128) is an annular opening. Both sides of the top of the air bin (124) are fixedly connected with ventilation pipes (123). The ventilation pipes (123) are limited on both sides of the fixing frame (110) by buckles. The ends of the ventilation pipes (123) away from the air bin (124) are connected to cooling air pumps. The cooling air pumps are installed inside the casing (101).

6. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 5 is characterized by: Both sides of the upper front end of the housing (101) are connected to protective windows (102) via hinges, and a light-emitting frame (105) is installed on the front side of the top of the housing (101), with the bottom of the light-emitting frame (105) facing the light-transmitting plate (114) and the projection plate (118).

7. The environmentally friendly fully automatic laser welding device for metal steel plates according to claim 6 is characterized by: Both sides of the top of the workbench (107) are fixedly connected to fixed plates (113), the top of the fixed plates (113) are fixedly connected to symmetrical thread extension machines (108), the telescopic ends of the thread extension machines (108) are fixedly connected to clamping seats (109), and the clamping parts of the clamping seats (109) clamp the steel plates (103) to be welded, so that a gap to be welded is formed between the two steel plates (103) to be welded.

8. An environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding method, applied to the environmentally friendly metal steel plate fully automatic laser welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, firstly, the steel plates (103) to be welded are fixed respectively by the clamping seats (109) on both sides, and then, the clamping seats (109) on both sides and the steel plates (103) to be welded are driven to approach each other by the operation of the threaded jacking machine (108), and the reserved gap between the steel plates (103) to be welded is precisely controlled by the threaded jacking machine (108), and at this time, the light-emitting frame (105) starts to work; S2, the light-emitting frame (105) emits direct light downward, so that the shadow of the steel plate (103) to be welded is projected onto the projection plate (118), the edge contour of the projection is recognized by the industrial camera inside the steel plate laser welding device (1), and the coordinate points are calculated and transmitted to the welding robot arm (106), and the positioning plate (112) assists the welding robot arm (106) in performing zero point marking before laser welding; S3. During welding, the feed pump starts to work synchronously. The feed pump feeds the black organic coating into the nozzle (130) through the feed pipe and sprays it out through the nozzle (130) to coat the metal at the weld gap. S4, the welding wire is continuously introduced into the wire feeding head (120) by the continuous operation of the wire feeding wheel, so as to achieve stable continuous welding operation. During welding, as the welding robot arm (106) operates, the air pump starts to work synchronously; S5. The cooling gas is input into the gas chamber (124) through the air pump via the ventilation pipe (123). After entering the gas chamber (124), the gas comes into contact with the guide vane (126). The continuous entry of the cooling gas flow forces the guide vane (126) and the rotating ring (127) to rotate. When the guide vane (126) and the rotating ring (127) rotate, the cooling gas is ejected from the gas port (128) in a spiral shape to form an annular gas column, thereby cleaning harmful gases and fine impurities generated during welding, and protecting the nozzle at the port of the laser head (111) to prevent flying particles generated during welding from being reflected into the laser channel when splashing.

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