Flat loading device and method capable of alternately supporting

Abstract

The invention discloses an alternate supporting and level loading device and method, and relates to the technical field of gearbox assembly.The alternate supporting and level loading device comprises a base, a first end lifting support, a middle section lifting support and a second end lifting support are sequentially arranged on the upper side of the base, and a pressing mechanism is arranged on one side of the first end lifting support; the pressing mechanism is used for cooperating with the first end to lift, support and press the long end of the axle. In the assembling process, two of the first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support support the axle at the same time. Any two of the three sets of lifting supports play a supporting role at the same time, the stability of the assembling process of assembling parts from the long end and the short end is guaranteed, and the assembling efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gear box assembly, and in particular to an alternately supported flat-mount device and method. Background Art

[0002] The assembly structure of the gearbox of the urban rail vehicle includes the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing, the bearing seat, the sealing ring and the outer static ring. Each component is assembled in a flat-pack manner. When assembling the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing, the bearing seat, the sealing ring and the outer static ring on both sides, it is necessary to use an overhead crane to lift the axle so that each component is installed in the corresponding installation position of the axle. After installation, the axle is lifted again and the impact tool is inserted into the axle for impact operation. Because there are many circular ring components that need to be installed on both sides of the gearbox, it is necessary to frequently use an overhead crane to lift both sides of the axle during assembly, which affects the work efficiency and has low work safety.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of frequent lifting, the prior art has provided some improvement measures. For example, the prior art discloses a bogie axle bearing cover disassembly and assembly device, including a platform, two liftable wheel seat support arms, two liftable axle neck support arms, and a box body fine-tuning support seat. In this scheme, two support arms are arranged on each side of the gear box, and a support seat is arranged at the bottom of the gear box. Multiple supports are required to realize the disassembly and assembly of the bearing cover, and the structure is relatively complex. The position of each support arm is fixed. When the axle is lifted onto the device, it is necessary to align the position before lowering it. Once a deviation occurs, the axle needs to be lifted again for adjustment, which is inconvenient to operate. Moreover, it does not consider the influence of the center of gravity. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an alternately supported flat-pack device and method, by which any two of the three sets of lifting supports can play a supporting role at the same time, thereby ensuring the stability of the assembly process of parts from the long end and the short end and improving the assembly efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an alternately supported flat-pack device, comprising a base, wherein a first end lifting support, a middle section lifting support and a second end lifting support are sequentially arranged on the upper side of the base, and a clamping mechanism is arranged on one side of the first end lifting support, and the clamping mechanism is used to cooperate with the first end lifting support to clamp the long end of the axle; during the assembly process, two of the first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support simultaneously support the axle.

[0007] As a further implementation, the first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support are slidably connected to the base.

[0008] As a further implementation, the first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support respectively include a support seat and a lifting mechanism, and the support seat is connected to the top end of the lifting mechanism;

[0009] The support seat has a V-shaped groove structure.

[0010] As a further implementation, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting drive component and a positioning component arranged in parallel, and a displacement sensor is provided on one side of the lifting drive component.

[0011] As a further implementation, the clamping mechanism includes a plurality of clamping parts, which are located above the first end lifting support and connected to a lifting component, and the lifting component is used to switch the clamping part to a relief state or a clamping state.

[0012] As a further implementation, a V-shaped groove is provided on one side of the clamping portion facing the first end lifting support.

[0013] As a further implementation, the base is installed with an induction sensor, and the induction sensor is used to determine the middle lifting support position.

[0014] As a further implementation method, a plurality of slide rails are installed on the upper side of the base, and the first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support are respectively matched with the slide rails through sliders;

[0015] The slide rail is provided with a sliding limiting structure.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a working method for alternately supporting a flat-pack device, comprising:

[0017] When assembling the long-end parts of the axle, the clamping mechanism is in the relieved state, the middle-section lifting support and the second-end lifting support are in the supporting state, the first-end lifting support is lowered to a set height, the parts are passed through the long end of the axle to the middle-section lifting support, the middle-section lifting support is lowered to the set height and the first-end lifting support is raised to the supporting state;

[0018] When assembling the short end parts of the axle, the first end lifting support and the middle lifting support are in the supporting state, the clamping mechanism is in the clamping state, the second end lifting support is lowered to the set height, and the parts are passed through the short end of the axle for assembly.

[0019] As a further implementation, in the reset mode, the first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support are all in a supporting state, and the clamping mechanism is in a relieved state.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) The present invention only has three groups of lifting supports, and two lifting supports play a supporting role at the same time under various working conditions, forming an alternating support mode. Whether the parts are assembled from the long end or the short end, the stability of the assembly process can be guaranteed; in the process of installing the long-end parts, the middle-section lifting support and the second-end lifting support are used for simultaneous support at first, and then the first-end lifting support and the second-end lifting support are used for simultaneous support; since the middle-section lifting support is located at the center of gravity of the axle, the stability of the long-end parts installation process can be guaranteed regardless of the support situation; in the process of installing the short-end parts, the long end of the axle is pressed against the upper side of the first-end lifting support by the clamping mechanism, so as to ensure stable and reliable installation.

[0022] (2) The lifting support of the present invention has a V-groove structure, which can be suitable for axles with different wheel seat sizes; at the same time, the clamping mechanism is provided with a plurality of clamping parts with V-grooves, which can cooperate with the first end lifting support to clamp the long end of the axle, and the clamping force can be adjusted at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative examples of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an alternately supportable flat-pack device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a front view of an alternately supportable flat-pack device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the first end lifting support and clamping mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a lifting support structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a side view of a press mechanism according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a base structure according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Among them, 1. base, 2. slide rail, 3. slider, 4. first end lifting support, 5. middle section lifting support, 6. second end lifting support, 7. clamping mechanism, 8. axle, 9. gear box, 10. support seat, 11. lifting drive component, 12. positioning component, 13. servo motor, 14. travel box, 15. clamping part, 16. cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] This embodiment provides a device that can alternately support flat packaging, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a base 1, a first end lifting support 4, a middle section lifting support 5, a second end lifting support 6 and a clamping mechanism 7, wherein the first end lifting support 4 is used to support the wheel seat position of the long end (the end farther from the gear box 9) of the axle 8, the second end lifting support 6 is used to support the wheel seat position of the short end (the end closer to the gear box 9) of the axle 8, and the middle section lifting support 5 is arranged between the first end lifting support 4 and the second end lifting support 6, and is used to support the center of gravity position of the axle 8. The clamping mechanism 7 is arranged corresponding to the first end lifting support 4, and the two cooperate to clamp the long end of the axle 8, further ensuring the stability during the installation process of the gear box 9.

[0034] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the positions of the first end lifting support 4, the middle section lifting support 5 and the second end lifting support 6, the first end lifting support 4, the middle section lifting support 5 and the second end lifting support 6 are set to be slidably connected with the base 1; specifically, a plurality of mutually parallel slide rails 2 are fixed on the upper side of the base 1, and the length direction of the slide rails 2 is consistent with the length direction of the base 1, and the plurality of slide rails 2 can ensure the smooth movement of the lifting support. The first end lifting support 4, the middle section lifting support 5 and the second end lifting support 6 are slidably connected with the slide rails 2 through the corresponding sliders 3 respectively. The slide rails 2 are provided with a sliding limit structure to facilitate limiting the moving position of each lifting support.

[0035] Since the positions of the first end lifting support 4, the middle lifting support 5 and the second end lifting support 6 are adjustable, when placing the axle 8 on the device, it is only necessary to roughly estimate the placement position and then adjust the position of each lifting support relative to the base 1, which is relatively easy to operate.

[0036] The specific structure of the base 1 can be set according to actual requirements. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate processing, the base 1 is set as follows Figure 6 The rectangular frame structure shown can be placed stably at the site of use; the base 1 includes three main beams parallel to each other, with the setting direction of the main beams as the longitudinal direction, and the two ends of each main beam are connected by a cross beam; in order to further ensure the stability of the connection, a cross beam connection can be added at a certain interval in the length direction of the main beam.

[0037] A slide rail 2 is installed on the upper side of each main beam, and an inductive sensor is installed on the middle slide rail 2 to detect the position of the middle lifting support 5 so that it is at the center of gravity; the inductive sensor can be a proximity switch, an infrared sensor, etc. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of slide rails 2 can be adjusted according to the base 1.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment is provided with three sets of lifting supports. In order to ensure that the axle 8 is always in a balanced state during the installation of the parts, two sets of lifting supports must simultaneously support the axle 8. Specifically, when the gearbox 9 parts are installed from the long end of the axle 8, the first end lifting support 4 is first lowered to a certain height, and the lowered height is sufficient for the parts to pass through the axle 8 smoothly. At this time, the middle section lifting support 5 and the second end lifting support 6 simultaneously support the axle 8; when the parts are close to the middle section lifting support 5, the middle section lifting support 5 is lowered to be separated from the axle 8, so that the parts continue to move along the axle 8. When the middle section lifting support 5 is separated from the axle 8, the first end lifting support 4 needs to rise to contact with the axle 8, that is, switch to the supporting state, and at this time, the first end lifting support 4 and the second end lifting support 6 are replaced to simultaneously support the axle 8.

[0039] Therefore, during the installation of the long-end parts, the middle section lifting support 5 and the second end lifting support 6 are used for support at the same time, and then the first end lifting support 4 and the second end lifting support 6 are used for support at the same time; since the middle section lifting support 5 is supported at the center of gravity of the axle 8, the stability of the long-end parts installation process can be guaranteed regardless of the support situation. In addition, during the above process, the clamping mechanism 7 does not need to clamp the long end, that is, it can be in a relaxed state.

[0040] During the installation of the short-end components, the second-end lifting support 6 drops to a certain height and is supported by the first-end lifting support 4 and the middle-section lifting support 5 at the same time. Since the gear box 9 is installed close to the short end of the axle 8, in order to prevent the axle 8 from tilting, a clamping mechanism 7 is configured. The long end of the axle 8 is clamped to the upper side of the first-end lifting support 4 through the clamping mechanism 7 to ensure stable and reliable installation.

[0041] Among them, the first end lifting support 4, the middle lifting support 5 and the second end lifting support 6 adopt the same structure, all of which include a support seat 10 and a lifting mechanism. The support seat 10 is connected to the top of the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism drives the support seat 10 to move up and down, so that the support seat 10 contacts or separates from the axle 8.

[0042] The lifting mechanism can be implemented in various forms, such as pneumatic lifting, hydraulic lifting or electric lifting; the lifting mechanism includes a lifting drive component 11 and a positioning component 12. The lifting drive component 11 is used to drive the support seat 10 to lift and lower, and at the same time, the positioning component 12 is used to maintain smooth lifting.

[0043] In this embodiment, an electric lifting method is adopted, such as Figure 4 As shown, the lifting drive component 11 includes a servo motor 13, a lead screw, a travel box 14, etc. The positioning component 12 is a positioning rod, and the positioning rod and the lead screw are parallel to each other, forming a parallel arrangement. The servo motor 13 is used for lifting the lead screw and the positioning rod on the one hand, and can also play a supporting role on the other hand; a displacement sensor is installed on one side of the travel box 14 to identify the lifting position; the servo motor 13 has a brake and locking function. When a sudden power failure occurs, the servo motor 13 can be automatically locked to ensure the support safety.

[0044] The top of the support seat 10 has a V-shaped groove structure, which can be used for axles 8 of different wheel seat sizes; the V-shaped groove structure is composed of symmetrically arranged inclined plates, with a certain distance between the two inclined plates, and the angle between the inclined plates and the horizontal direction is an acute angle. The axle 8 is tangent to the inclined plates of the support seat 10, and the contact position between the axle 8 and the inclined plates is different for axles 8 of different wheel seat sizes.

[0045] It should be noted that the V-groove structures of the first end lifting support 4 , the middle lifting support 5 and the second end lifting support 6 are on the same horizontal line.

[0046] The clamping mechanism 7 includes a clamping portion 15 and a lifting component. The clamping portion 15 is connected to the upper side of the lifting component, and the clamping portion 15 is located above the support seat 10. The lifting component can also be electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically driven. Taking the pneumatic method as an example, Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the lifting component adopts a cylinder 16, which is arranged along the setting direction, and the cylinder body of the cylinder 16 is fixed to the upper side of the base; the pressing part 15 is connected to the cylinder rod of the cylinder 16, and the pressing part 15 includes a connecting plate and a V-shaped groove installed on the lower side of the connecting plate, and the opening of the V-shaped groove faces the lower side to match the V-shaped groove of the support seat 10. When the V-shaped groove of the pressing part 15 contacts the axle 8, a pressing state is formed; when the pressing part 15 is separated from the axle 8, a relief state is formed.

[0047] In this embodiment, at least two clamping parts 15 are arranged along the axial direction of the axle 8. The clamping parts 15 correspond to the lifting components one by one. The clamping surface of each clamping part 15 is narrower than the contact surface of the support seat 10, which is convenient for adjusting the downward force.

[0048] The states of the lifting supports and the clamping mechanism 7 of this embodiment are automatically adjusted by a PLC control system, and a touch screen is configured for key operation, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the gear box 9.

[0049] In this embodiment, only three groups of lifting supports are arranged, one of which is located at the center of gravity of the axle 8, and the other two groups of lifting supports correspond to the wheel seat positions at both ends of the axle 8. After the lifting support at either end is out of contact with the axle 8, the lifting support at the other end can work together with the middle lifting support 5 to stably support the axle 8; when the middle lifting support 5 is out of contact with the axle 8, the stability of the support can also be guaranteed due to the support formed at both ends of the axle 8; therefore, through PLC control, two lifting supports play a supporting role at the same time under various working conditions, forming an alternating support mode, and the stability of the assembly process can be guaranteed regardless of assembling parts from the long end or the short end.

[0050] Therefore, this embodiment selects three special support positions and uses as few lifting supports as possible to ensure the stability of the parts assembly process and to ensure work efficiency and safety.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] The present invention provides a working method of an alternately supporting flat-pack device. Based on the alternately supporting flat-pack device described in Example 1, the specific method is as follows:

[0053] Lift the axle 8 above the device and preliminarily determine the lowering position; lower the axle 8 to the upper side of the device, adjust the support position so that the first end lifting support 4 and the second end lifting support 6 are at the wheel seat support position, and the middle lifting support 5 is at the center of gravity of the axle 8.

[0054] When the device is in the reset mode before working, the first end lifting support 4, the second end lifting support 6 and the middle lifting support 5 are all in the supporting state, and the clamping mechanism 7 is in the relieved state; the first end lifting support 4 and the second end lifting support 6 respectively support the wheel seat positions at both ends of the axle 8.

[0055] When it is necessary to assemble the long-end parts of the axle 8, click the long-end assembly button on the touch screen. Under the control of the PLC, the clamping mechanism 7 is automatically released. After the system recognizes that the middle-section lifting support 5 and the second-end lifting support 6 are in a supporting state, the support seat 10 of the first-end lifting support 4 automatically descends. At this time, the parts can pass through the axle 8 along the long end to reach between the first-end lifting support 4 and the middle-section lifting support 5. When approaching the middle-section lifting support 5, the PLC automatically controls the support seat 10 of the middle-section lifting support 5 to descend, and at the same time, the support seat 10 of the first-end lifting support 4 to rise, so as to ensure that there are also two lifting supports playing a supporting role in the process; after the parts pass the position of the middle-section lifting support 5, they are assembled on the gearbox 9 shaft.

[0056] When the short end parts of the axle 8 need to be assembled, click the short end assembly button on the touch screen, and the corresponding sensor will automatically identify that the clamping mechanism 7 and the first end lifting support 4 are in a clamping state, and the middle lifting support 5 is in a supporting state. At this time, the support seat 10 of the second end lifting support 6 is automatically lowered, and the parts can be assembled through the short end of the axle 8.

[0057] In general, when parts need to be installed at the long end of the axle 8, it is necessary to ensure that the middle lifting support 5 and the second end lifting support 6 at the short end support are in a common supporting state before the first end lifting support 4 of the long end support can be driven down to assemble the parts; similarly, when installing parts at the short end of the axle 8, it is necessary to ensure that the first end lifting support 4 and the middle lifting support 5 at the long end support are in a supporting state, and the clamping mechanism 7 is in a clamping state, and the second end lifting support 6 can trigger the falling command.

[0058] This embodiment ensures the stability of installing parts from both ends of the axle 8 by automatically adjusting the states of the first end lifting support 4, the middle lifting support 5, the second end lifting support 6 and the clamping mechanism 7, thereby improving the assembly efficiency and assembly accuracy.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device capable of alternately supporting a flat package, characterized in that: It comprises a base, and a first end lifting support, a middle section lifting support and a second end lifting support are arranged in sequence on the upper side of the base; a clamping mechanism is arranged on one side of the first end lifting support, and the clamping mechanism is used to cooperate with the first end lifting support to clamp the long end of the axle; during the assembly process, two of the first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support support support the axle at the same time.

2. The alternately supportable flat-pack device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support are slidably connected to the base.

3. An alternately supportable flat-pack device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support respectively include a support seat and a lifting mechanism, and the support seat is connected to the top end of the lifting mechanism; The support seat has a V-shaped groove structure.

4. The alternately supporting flat-pack device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting driving component and a positioning component which are arranged in parallel, and a displacement sensor is arranged on one side of the lifting driving component.

5. The alternately supporting flat-pack device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism comprises a plurality of clamping parts, wherein the clamping parts are located above the first end lifting support and connected to the lifting component, and the lifting component is used to switch the clamping parts to a relief state or a clamping state.

6. The alternately supporting flat-pack device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A V-shaped groove is provided on one side of the clamping portion facing the first end lifting support.

7. An alternately supportable flat-pack device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The base is equipped with an inductive sensor, which is used to determine the position of the middle lifting support.

8. The alternately supporting flat-pack device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of slide rails are installed on the upper side of the base, and the first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support are respectively matched with the slide rails through sliders; The slide rail is provided with a sliding limiting structure.

9. A working method for an alternately supporting flat-pack device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: When assembling the long-end parts of the axle, the clamping mechanism is in the relieved state, the middle-section lifting support and the second-end lifting support are in the supporting state, the first-end lifting support is lowered to a set height, the parts are passed through the long end of the axle to the middle-section lifting support, the middle-section lifting support is lowered to the set height and the first-end lifting support is raised to the supporting state; When assembling the short end parts of the axle, the first end lifting support and the middle lifting support are in the supporting state, the clamping mechanism is in the clamping state, the second end lifting support is lowered to the set height, and the parts are passed through the short end of the axle for assembly.

10. A working method of an alternately supporting flat-pack device according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the reset mode, the first end lifting support, the middle section lifting support and the second end lifting support are all in a supporting state, and the clamping mechanism is in a relieved state.

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