Oxygen-enriched biomass efficient internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device and method

Abstract

Circulating fluidized bed equipment comprises a circulating fluidized bed cylinder, a cyclone separator and a reforming reactor, a combustor is arranged on the lower portion of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder, a fuel inlet and a material returning opening are formed in the upper portion of the combustor, the fuel inlet is communicated with a feeding device, and the material returning opening is communicated with a discharging opening in the bottom of the cyclone separator. A gas inlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with a gas outlet in the upper portion of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder, a fuel gas outlet in the top of the cyclone separator is communicated with a fuel gas inlet in the upper portion of the reforming reactor, a catalyst is arranged in the reforming reactor, and an induced draft fan is arranged at a hydrogen-rich gas outlet of the reforming reactor. The bottom and the middle part of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder, the cyclone separator and the reforming reactor are respectively communicated with the electric heating steam generating device through different steam pipelines, and the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder is communicated with the air introducing device. The design is suitable for large-scale preparation of hydrogen-rich gas, the reaction efficiency is high, and the hydrogen content in the obtained synthesis gas is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biomass energy, and in particular to an oxygen-enriched gasified biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device and a method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas. Background Art

[0002] The depletion of fossil energy and the intensification of environmental pollution have led people to seek clean, high-quality renewable energy. Biomass is a renewable clean energy. Biomass gasification to produce hydrogen has significant advantages in energy efficiency, efficiency and economy.

[0003] Biomass gasification technology mainly includes fixed-bed biomass gasification technology and fluidized-bed biomass gasification technology. At present, the synthesis gas obtained by fluidized-bed gasification has problems such as low hydrogen content and high hydrocarbon, tar and coke content. At the same time, in the field of biomass gasification hydrogen production, the scale of gasifiers continues to expand to meet the needs of biomass hydrogen production projects of different scales and types. Large-scale equipment may lead to problems such as uneven airflow distribution and large temperature gradients, affecting the uniformity and efficiency of the reaction. As the scale of gasifiers expands, how to maintain efficient and stable gasification efficiency becomes a challenge. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the prior art that large-scale equipment may cause uneven airflow distribution, large temperature gradient, etc., affecting the uniformity and efficiency of the reaction, and the problem that the hydrogen content in the synthesis gas obtained by fluidized bed gasification is low. A circulating fluidized bed device with uniform airflow distribution, high reaction efficiency and high hydrogen content in the synthesis gas and a method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by using the circulating fluidized bed device are provided.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an oxygen-enriched gasified biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device, the circulating fluidized bed equipment comprising: a circulating fluidized bed drum, a cyclone separator, a reforming reactor, an electrically heated steam generating device, and an air introduction device, a burner for heating the inside of the circulating fluidized bed drum is arranged at the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed drum, a fuel inlet and a return port are arranged above the burner, the fuel inlet is connected to the feed device, the return port is connected to the discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone separator, the air inlet at the upper part of the cyclone separator is connected to the air outlet at the upper part of the circulating fluidized bed drum, the gas outlet at the top of the cyclone separator is connected to the gas inlet at the upper part of the reforming reactor, a catalyst is arranged inside the reforming reactor, and the hydrogen-rich gas outlet of the reforming reactor is connected to an induced draft fan;

[0007] The gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generator is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed drum through a first steam pipeline, the gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generator is connected to the middle of the circulating fluidized bed drum through a second steam pipeline, the gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generator is connected to the upper part of the cyclone separator through a third steam pipeline, and the gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generator is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor through a fourth steam pipeline;

[0008] The air outlet end of the air introduction device 5 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1.

[0009] The electrically heated steam generating device comprises a steam generator, an oxygen source, a steam-oxygen mixing pressure regulator, and an electric heating device. The gas outlet end of the steam generator and the gas outlet end of the oxygen source are both connected to the gas inlet end of the steam-oxygen mixing pressure regulator. The gas outlet end of the steam-oxygen mixing pressure regulator is connected to the gas inlet end of the electric heating device. The gas outlet end of the electric heating device is connected to the gas inlet ends of the first steam pipeline, the second steam pipeline, the third steam pipeline, and the fourth steam pipeline.

[0010] The first steam pipeline is provided with a first gas valve, the second steam pipeline is provided with a second gas valve, the third steam pipeline is provided with a third gas valve, the fourth steam pipeline is provided with a fourth gas valve, and the steam output port of the electric heating steam generating device is provided with a fifth gas valve.

[0011] A mixing chamber is provided at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed drum, and the mixing chamber is connected to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed drum through the first gas distributor. The mixing chamber is also connected to the gas outlet end of the air inlet device and the gas outlet end of the first steam pipeline.

[0012] A U-shaped returner is arranged below the cyclone separator, the discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone separator is connected with the inlet of the U-shaped returner through a stop valve, and the outlet of the U-shaped returner is connected with the return port.

[0013] The air inlet and the air outlet of the induced draft fan are both provided with check valves.

[0014] The gas outlet end of the fourth steam pipeline is connected with the bottom of the reforming reactor through an air distribution device, and the air distribution device includes an inner pipe and an outer pipe arranged coaxially, the upper part of the outer pipe is fixedly arranged in a mounting hole opened in the bottom of the reforming reactor, and a vent is arranged in the middle of the outer pipe. The outer pipe is connected with the outlet end of the fourth steam pipeline through the vent, and the outer pipe is sleeved on the outside of the inner pipe. The top and bottom of the outer pipe are both sealed with the outer wall of the inner pipe, and the inner pipe is rotatably matched with the outer pipe through a bearing, and the lower end of the inner pipe is connected with the output end of the reducer, and the input end of the reducer is connected with the output end of the air distribution motor. A through hole is opened in the middle of the inner pipe, and the inner pipe is connected with the outer pipe through the through hole, and the upper part of the inner pipe passes through the outer pipe and is connected with the second gas distributor arranged in the reforming reactor.

[0015] The second gas distributor includes a conical cover, a conical cylinder, a cylinder, and a bottom plate. A conical cylinder is arranged below the conical cover, and a gas distribution gap for gas distribution is arranged between the inner wall of the conical cover and the outer wall of the conical cylinder. The bottom of the conical cylinder is sealed with the top of the cylinder, and gas distribution holes are opened on the cylinder wall of the cylinder. The lower part of the cylinder is sealed with the bottom plate, the middle part of the bottom plate is connected to the inner pipe, and the upper surface of the bottom plate is connected to the inner surface of the conical cover and the inner surface of the conical cylinder through a connecting bracket.

[0016] The middle part of the reforming reactor is provided with a first porous baffle, a first annular baffle, a second annular baffle, and a second porous baffle from top to bottom. The outer peripheries of the first porous baffle, the second porous baffle, the first annular baffle, and the second annular baffle are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reforming reactor. The inner circle of the first annular baffle is connected to the top of the cylindrical porous baffle, and the bottom of the cylindrical porous baffle is connected to the inner circle of the second annular baffle. An annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the cylindrical porous baffle and the inner wall of the reforming reactor, and the annular gap is connected to the air inlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas outlet;

[0017] A catalyst is arranged in a cavity surrounded by the first porous baffle plate, the first annular baffle plate, the second annular baffle plate, the second porous baffle plate and the cylindrical porous baffle plate.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen production method based on the above hydrogen production device, the hydrogen production method comprising:

[0019] Adding a fluidizing medium into the circulating fluidized bed;

[0020] The electric heating steam generator, the air introduction device and the induced draft fan are turned on to make the electric heating steam generator generate high-temperature oxygen-rich steam, and the high-temperature oxygen-rich steam is introduced into the circulating fluidized bed, the cyclone separator and the reforming reactor through the first steam pipeline, the second steam pipeline, the third steam pipeline and the fourth steam pipeline, and the air introduction device introduces air into the circulating fluidized bed, and the induced draft fan draws gas from the reforming reactor, so that the material inside the circulating fluidized bed is in a fluidized state;

[0021] Turn on the burner to heat the circulating fluidized bed to the required temperature and keep the bed temperature stable;

[0022] The feeding device is turned on to feed biomass raw materials into the circulating fluidized bed for reaction.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The steam output port of the electric heating steam generator in the oxygen-enriched gasified biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device of the present invention is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder through the first steam pipeline, the steam output port of the electric heating steam generator is connected to the middle of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder through the second steam pipeline, the steam output port of the electric heating steam generator is connected to the upper part of the cyclone separator through the third steam pipeline, and the steam output port of the electric heating steam generator is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor through the fourth steam pipeline. Due to the large fluidized bed device In the preparation, there may be problems of uneven airflow distribution and large temperature gradient in various places, which affect the uniformity and efficiency of the gasification reaction. Therefore, in order to maintain efficient and stable gasification efficiency, four steam pipelines are set, and the four steam pipelines are respectively introduced into the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed tube, the middle of the circulating fluidized bed tube, the cyclone separator and the reforming reactor, to maintain the steam and oxygen concentrations in various places in the circulating fluidized bed equipment, and at the same time, the uniform distribution of steam has little effect on the residence time of the synthesis gas and the heat distribution and heat transfer state in the circulating fluidized bed tube, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and the proportion of hydrogen in the synthesis gas. Therefore, the present invention passes oxygen-enriched steam into the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed tube, the middle of the circulating fluidized bed tube, the cyclone separator and the reforming reactor through four steam pipelines, and maintains the steam and oxygen concentrations in various places in the circulating fluidized bed equipment, while having little effect on the residence time of the synthesis gas and the heat distribution and heat transfer state in the circulating fluidized bed tube, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and the proportion of hydrogen in the synthesis gas.

[0025] 2. In the oxygen-enriched gasified biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device of the present invention, the middle part of the reforming reactor is provided with a first porous baffle, a first annular baffle, a second annular baffle, and a second porous baffle from top to bottom. The outer peripheries of the first porous baffle, the second porous baffle, the first annular baffle, and the second annular baffle are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reforming reactor. The inner ring of the first annular baffle is connected to the top of the cylindrical porous baffle, the bottom of the cylindrical porous baffle is connected to the inner ring of the second annular baffle, and the outer wall of the cylindrical porous baffle is connected to the reforming reactor. An annular gap is formed between the inner walls of the reactor, and the annular gap is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas outlet. In the production process of hydrogen-rich gas, steam is input from the bottom of the reforming reactor, and the combustible gas is input from the top of the reforming reactor. Steam and combustible gas enter the cavity surrounded by the first porous baffle, the first annular baffle, the second annular baffle, the second porous baffle and the cylindrical porous baffle, and reforming reaction is carried out under the action of the catalyst. CH4, CO and other components in the combustible gas react with steam to generate hydrogen, further increasing the proportion of hydrogen in the gas product. Therefore, in this design, a cavity for accommodating the catalyst is formed in the middle of the reforming reactor by the first porous baffle, the first annular baffle, the second annular baffle, and the second porous baffle. Steam and combustible gas converge in the cavity and carry out reforming reaction under the action of the catalyst, further increasing the proportion of hydrogen in the gas product.

[0026] 3. The gas distribution device in an oxygen-enriched gasified biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device of the present invention comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe which are coaxially arranged, the outer pipe being fixedly arranged in a mounting hole provided at the bottom of the reforming reactor, the middle part of the outer pipe being connected to the outlet end of the fourth steam pipeline, the outer pipe being sleeved on the outside of the outer pipe, the lower end of the inner pipe being connected to the output end of the reducer, the input end of the reducer being connected to the output end of the boost motor, the bottom of the inner pipe being rotatably matched with the outer pipe through a bearing, the middle part of the inner pipe being provided with an air vent which passes through the pipe wall of the inner pipe, the upper part of the inner pipe being connected to a second gas distributor provided in the reforming reactor after passing through the outer pipe, the flow rate, flow velocity and pressure of the steam entering the reforming reactor can be changed by controlling the rotation of the inner pipe by a motor, so as to ensure that the steam distribution inside the reforming reactor is more reasonably distributed and the reaction is sufficient; at the same time, the gas distribution device and the second gas distributor can be rotatably arranged, so that the gas distribution gap and the gas distribution holes are not easily blocked and the gas distribution is more uniform. Therefore, this design controls the rotation of the inner pipe through a motor, thereby changing the flow rate, flow velocity and pressure of the steam entering the reforming reactor. At the same time, the gas distribution gap and gas distribution holes are not easily blocked, and the gas distribution is more uniform, which can ensure the internal pressure balance of the reforming reactor and sufficient reaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of the air distribution device.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second gas distributor.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electric heating steam generating device 4.

[0031] In the figure: circulating fluidized bed 1, fuel inlet 11, return port 12, gas outlet 13, mixing chamber 14, first gas distributor 15, cyclone separator 2, discharge port 21, gas inlet 22, gas outlet 23, stop valve 24, reforming reactor 3, gas inlet 31, hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32, gas distribution device 33, inner pipeline 331, outer pipeline 332, reducer 333, gas distribution motor 334, through hole 335, second gas distributor 34, cylindrical conical cover 341, conical cylinder 342, cylinder 343, bottom plate 344, gas distribution Gap 345, air distribution holes 346, connecting bracket 347, first porous baffle 35, second porous baffle 36, third porous baffle 37, fourth porous baffle 38, cylindrical porous baffle 39, electric heating steam generating device 4, first steam pipeline 41, first air valve 411, second steam pipeline 42, second air valve 421, third steam pipeline 43, third air valve 431, fourth steam pipeline 44, fourth air valve 441, air introduction device 5, feeding device 6, burner 7, induced draft fan 8, check valve 81, U-shaped return device 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 3 , an oxygen-enriched gasified biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device, the circulating fluidized bed equipment comprises: a circulating fluidized bed tube 1, a cyclone separator 2, a reforming reactor 3, an electrically heated steam generator 4, and an air introduction device 5, the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1 is provided with a burner 7 for heating the inside of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1, and the upper part of the burner 7 is provided with a fuel inlet 11 and a return port 12 connected to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1, the fuel inlet 11 is connected with the feeding device 6, the return port 12 is connected with the discharge port 21 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 2, the air inlet 22 at the upper part of the cyclone separator 2 is connected with the air outlet 13 at the upper part of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1, the gas outlet 23 at the top of the cyclone separator 2 is connected with the gas inlet 31 at the upper part of the reforming reactor 3, a catalyst is arranged inside the reforming reactor 3, and the hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32 ​​of the reforming reactor 3 is connected with the induced draft fan 8.

[0034] In the circulating fluidized bed 1 and the cyclone separator 2, the pyrolysis of the biomass raw material is accompanied by the rapid release of volatiles and produces substances such as coke and tar. Subsequently, the hydrocarbon gas and substances such as coke react with water vapor to generate hydrogen-rich fuel gas. After entering the reforming reactor 3, the hydrogen-rich fuel gas continues to react with water vapor to further increase the hydrogen content in the gas product.

[0035] The steam output port of the electrically heated steam generator 4 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed 1 through the first steam pipeline 41, the steam output port of the electrically heated steam generator 4 is connected to the middle of the circulating fluidized bed 1 through the second steam pipeline 42, the steam output port of the electrically heated steam generator 4 is connected to the upper part of the cyclone separator 2 through the third steam pipeline 43, and the steam output port of the electrically heated steam generator 4 is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor 3 through the fourth steam pipeline 44.

[0036] The electrically heated steam generating device 4 comprises a steam generator 401, an oxygen source 402, a steam-oxygen mixing pressurizer 403, and an electric heating device 404. The outlet end of the steam generator 401 and the outlet end of the oxygen source 402 are both connected to the inlet end of the steam-oxygen mixing pressurizer 403. The outlet end of the steam-oxygen mixing pressurizer 403 is connected to the inlet end of the electric heating device 404. The outlet end of the electric heating device 404 is connected to the inlet ends of the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43, and the fourth steam pipeline 44. The outlet ends of the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43, and the fourth steam pipeline 44 are respectively connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed 1, the middle of the circulating fluidized bed 1, the upper part of the cyclone separator 2, and the bottom of the reforming reactor 3.

[0037] The first steam pipeline 41 is provided with a first gas valve 411, the second steam pipeline 42 is provided with a second gas valve 421, the third steam pipeline 43 is provided with a third gas valve 431, the fourth steam pipeline 44 is provided with a fourth gas valve 441, and the steam output outlet of the electric heating steam generating device 4 is provided with a fifth gas valve 45. The first gas valve 411, the second gas valve 421, the third gas valve 431 and the fourth gas valve 441 can control the on and off of the four steam management lines to selectively introduce steam or oxygen-enriched steam into the circulating fluidized bed 1, the cyclone separator 2 and the reforming reactor 3.

[0038] By adjusting the operating power of the steam generator 401, adjusting the on / off and gas outlet speed of the oxygen source 402, the proportion of steam and oxygen in the gas output by the electric heating steam generator 4 can be changed. The electric heating steam generator 4 can output oxygen, steam or steam-oxygen mixed gas at different temperatures.

[0039] The air outlet of the air introduction device 5 is communicated with the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1 .

[0040] A temperature monitoring device is provided at the upper, middle and lower parts of the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed drum 1 , and a temperature monitoring device is provided at the hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32 ​​of the reforming reactor 3 .

[0041] A heater assembly for heating the circulating fluidized bed 1 or the reforming reactor 3 is disposed outside the circulating fluidized bed 1 or the reforming reactor 3 , and the heater assembly is an electric heating furnace.

[0042] A mixing chamber 14 is provided at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1, and the mixing chamber 14 is connected to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1 through a first gas distributor 15 provided thereon. The mixing chamber 14 is also connected to the air outlet of the air introduction device 5 and the outlet end of the first steam pipeline 41.

[0043] A U-shaped returner 9 is provided below the cyclone separator 2, and a discharge port 21 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the inlet of the U-shaped returner 9 through a stop valve 24, and an outlet of the U-shaped returner 9 is connected to a return port 12. A slag discharge port is also provided at the bottom of the U-shaped returner 9.

[0044] The air inlet and the air outlet of the induced draft fan 8 are both provided with a check valve 81 .

[0045] The gas outlet end of the fourth steam pipeline 44 is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor 3 through the gas distribution device 33. The gas distribution device 33 includes an inner pipe 331 and an outer pipe 332 which are coaxially arranged. The inner pipe 331 and the outer pipe 332 are arranged in the vertical direction. The upper part of the outer pipe 332 is fixedly arranged in the mounting hole opened at the bottom of the reforming reactor 3. The middle part of the outer pipe 332 is provided with a vent 336. The outer pipe 332 is connected to the outlet end of the fourth steam pipeline 44 through the vent 336. The outer pipe 332 is sleeved on the outside of the inner pipe 331. The top and bottom of the outer pipe 332 are sealed with the outer wall of the inner pipe 331, the inner pipe 331 is rotatably matched with the outer pipe 332 through a bearing, the lower end of the inner pipe 331 is connected to the output end of the reducer 333, the input end of the reducer 333 is connected to the output end of the gas distribution motor 334, a through hole 335 is opened in the middle of the inner pipe 331, the inner pipe 331 is connected with the outer pipe 332 through the through hole 335, and the upper part of the inner pipe 331 passes through the outer pipe 332 and is connected to the second gas distributor 34 arranged in the reforming reactor 3.

[0046] The gas distribution motor 334 can drive the inner pipe 331 and the second gas distributor 34 to rotate, and the rotation speed of the gas distribution motor 334 can be adjusted to change the flow rate, flow velocity and pressure of the steam entering the reforming reactor to ensure the internal pressure balance of the reforming reactor and sufficient reaction.

[0047] The second gas distributor 34 includes a conical cover 341, a conical cylinder 342, a cylinder 343, and a bottom plate 344. The conical cylinder 342 is arranged below the conical cover 341, and an air distribution gap 345 for air distribution is arranged between the inner wall of the conical cover 341 and the outer wall of the conical cylinder 342. The bottom of the conical cylinder 342 is sealed with the top of the cylinder 343, and the cylinder wall of the cylinder 343 is provided with air distribution holes 346. The lower part of the cylinder 343 is sealed with the bottom plate 344, the middle part of the bottom plate 344 is connected to the inner pipe 331, and the upper surface of the bottom plate 344 is connected to the inner surface of the conical cover 341 and the inner surface of the conical cylinder 342 through a connecting bracket 347.

[0048] The gas distribution holes 346 are arranged on the wall of the conical cylinder 342, and the gas distribution gap 345 is located between the inner wall of the conical cover 341 and the outer wall of the conical cylinder 342. At the same time, the entire second gas distributor 34 can rotate with the motor. This arrangement can prevent the gas distribution holes 346 and the gas distribution gap 345 from being blocked by falling dust particles, ensuring uniform gas distribution. In addition, the gas distribution device 33 and the second gas distributor 34 can also be used to purge the residual gas in the reforming reactor 3.

[0049] A first porous baffle 35, a first annular baffle 36, a second annular baffle 37, and a second porous baffle 38 are arranged in the middle of the reforming reactor 3 from top to bottom. The outer peripheries of the first porous baffle 35, the second porous baffle 38, the first annular baffle 36, and the second annular baffle 37 are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reforming reactor 3. The inner circle of the first annular baffle 36 is connected to the top of the cylindrical porous baffle 39, and the bottom of the cylindrical porous baffle 39 is connected to the inner circle of the second annular baffle 37. An annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the cylindrical porous baffle 39 and the inner wall of the reforming reactor 3, and the annular gap is connected to the air inlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32.

[0050] A catalyst is disposed in a cavity surrounded by the first porous baffle plate 35 , the first annular baffle plate 36 , the second annular baffle plate 37 , the second porous baffle plate 38 and the cylindrical porous baffle plate 39 .

[0051] The reforming reactor 3 is also provided with a purge port, which is arranged between the second annular baffle 37 and the second porous baffle 38. The purge port is used to introduce gas to purge the inside of the reforming reactor 3. The purge port is arranged close to the catalyst to avoid clogging of the catalyst and affecting the reaction efficiency.

[0052] A method for producing hydrogen from oxygen-rich gasified biomass in an efficient internal and external circulating fluidized bed, the method for producing hydrogen is based on the above-mentioned circulating fluidized bed equipment, and the method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas comprises:

[0053] Adding a fluidizing medium into the circulating fluidized bed drum 1;

[0054] The electric heating steam generator 4, the air introduction device 5 and the induced draft fan 8 are turned on, so that the electric heating steam generator 4 generates high-temperature oxygen-rich steam, and the high-temperature oxygen-rich steam is introduced into the circulating fluidized bed 1, the cyclone separator 2 and the reforming reactor 3 through the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43 and the fourth steam pipeline 44, the air introduction device 5 introduces air into the circulating fluidized bed 1, and the induced draft fan 8 draws gas from the reforming reactor 3, so that the material inside the circulating fluidized bed 1 is in a fluidized state;

[0055] Turn on the burner 7 to heat the circulating fluidized bed 1 to a desired temperature and keep the bed temperature stable;

[0056] The feeding device 6 is opened to feed the biomass raw material into the circulating fluidized bed 1 for reaction.

[0057] During the reaction process, the gas components at various locations of the hydrogen production device can be sampled and analyzed, and the pressure and temperature at various locations of the hydrogen production device can be monitored in real time. According to the sampling and analysis results, the on-off of the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43, and the fourth steam pipeline 44 and the flow rate of water vapor and oxygen output by the electric heating steam generating device 4 are adjusted.

[0058] Embodiment 1:

[0059] The circulating fluidized bed equipment comprises: a circulating fluidized bed tube 1, a cyclone separator 2, a reforming reactor 3, an electrically heated steam generating device 4, and an air introduction device 5. A burner 7 for heating the inside of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1 is arranged at the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1, and a fuel inlet 11 and a return port 12 are arranged above the burner 7. The fuel inlet 11 is connected to the feeding device 6, and the return port 12 is connected to the discharge port 21 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 2. The air inlet 22 at the upper part of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the air outlet 13 at the upper part of the circulating fluidized bed tube 1, and the gas outlet 23 at the top of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the gas inlet 31 at the upper part of the reforming reactor 3. The inside of the reforming reactor 3 A catalyst is provided, and the hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32 ​​of the reforming reactor 3 is connected to the induced draft fan 8; the gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generating device 4 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed drum 1 through the first steam pipeline 41, the gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generating device 4 is connected to the middle part of the circulating fluidized bed drum 1 through the second steam pipeline 42, the gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generating device 4 is connected to the upper part of the cyclone separator 2 through the third steam pipeline 43, and the gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generating device 4 is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor 3 through the fourth steam pipeline 44; the gas outlet end of the air introduction device 5 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed drum 1; the electrically heated steam generating device 4 includes a steam generator 401, an oxygen The steam generator 401 and the oxygen source 402 are connected to the air inlet of the steam-oxygen mixing pressurizer 403, the air outlet of the steam-oxygen mixing pressurizer 403 is connected to the air inlet of the electric heating device 404, and the air outlet of the electric heating device 404 is connected to the air inlet of the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43, and the fourth steam pipeline 44; the first steam pipeline 41 is provided with a first gas valve 411, the second steam pipeline 42 is provided with a second gas valve 421, the third steam pipeline 43 is provided with a third gas valve 431, and the fourth steam pipeline 44 is provided with a third gas valve 432. A fourth gas valve 441 is provided, and a fifth gas valve 45 is provided at the steam output port of the electric heating steam generating device 4; a mixing chamber 14 is provided at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed drum 1, and the mixing chamber 14 is connected to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed drum 1 through a first gas distributor 15 provided thereon, and the mixing chamber 14 is also connected to the air outlet end of the air introduction device 5 and the air outlet end of the first steam pipeline 41; a U-shaped returner 9 is provided below the cyclone separator 2, and the discharge port 21 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the inlet of the U-shaped returner 9 through a stop valve 24, and the outlet of the U-shaped returner 9 is connected to the return port 12; check valves 81 are provided at the air inlet and outlet of the induced draft fan 8.

[0060] A method for producing hydrogen from oxygen-rich gasified biomass in an efficient internal and external circulating fluidized bed, wherein the method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas is based on the above-mentioned hydrogen production device, and the method for producing hydrogen comprises:

[0061] Adding a fluidizing medium into the circulating fluidized bed drum 1;

[0062] The electric heating steam generator 4, the air introduction device 5 and the induced draft fan 8 are turned on, so that the electric heating steam generator 4 generates high-temperature oxygen-rich steam, and the high-temperature oxygen-rich steam is introduced into the circulating fluidized bed 1, the cyclone separator 2 and the reforming reactor 3 through the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43 and the fourth steam pipeline 44, the air introduction device 5 introduces air into the circulating fluidized bed 1, and the induced draft fan 8 draws gas from the reforming reactor 3, so that the material inside the circulating fluidized bed 1 is in a fluidized state;

[0063] Turn on the burner 7 to heat the circulating fluidized bed 1 to a desired temperature and keep the bed temperature stable;

[0064] The feeding device 6 is opened to feed the biomass raw material into the circulating fluidized bed 1 for reaction.

[0065] Embodiment 2:

[0066] Embodiment 2 is substantially the same as Embodiment 1, except that:

[0067] The gas outlet end of the fourth steam pipeline 44 is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor 3 through the gas distribution device 33. The gas distribution device 33 includes an inner pipe 331 and an outer pipe 332 which are coaxially arranged. The upper part of the outer pipe 332 is fixedly arranged in a mounting hole opened at the bottom of the reforming reactor 3. A vent 336 is arranged in the middle of the outer pipe 332. The outer pipe 332 is connected to the outlet end of the fourth steam pipeline 44 through the vent 336. The outer pipe 332 is sleeved on the outside of the inner pipe 331. The top and bottom of the outer pipe 332 are both sealed with the outer wall of the inner pipe 331. The inner pipe 331 is rotatably matched with the outer pipe 332 through a bearing. The lower end of the inner pipe 331 is connected to the output end of the reducer 333, the input end of the reducer 333 is connected to the output end of the gas distribution motor 334, a through hole 335 is opened in the middle of the inner pipe 331, the inner pipe 331 is connected to the outer pipe 332 through the through hole 335, and the upper part of the inner pipe 331 passes through the outer pipe 332 and is connected to the second gas distributor 34 arranged in the reforming reactor 3; the second gas distributor 34 includes a conical cover 341, a conical cylinder 342, a cylinder 343, and a bottom plate 344, a conical cylinder 342 is arranged below the conical cover 341, and the inner wall of the conical cover 341 and the conical cylinder 342 are connected. An air distribution gap 345 for air distribution is provided between the outer walls, the bottom of the conical cylinder 342 is sealed with the top of the cylinder 343, and an air distribution hole 346 is provided on the cylinder wall of the cylinder 343. The lower part of the cylinder 343 is sealed with the bottom plate 344, the middle part of the bottom plate 344 is connected to the inner pipe 331, and the upper surface of the bottom plate 344 is connected to the inner surface of the conical cover 341 and the inner surface of the conical cylinder 342 through a connecting bracket 347; the middle part of the reforming reactor 3 is provided with a first porous baffle 35, a first annular baffle 36, a second annular baffle 37, and a second porous baffle 38 from top to bottom, and the first porous baffle 35, The outer peripheries of the second porous baffle plate 38, the first annular baffle plate 36, and the second annular baffle plate 37 are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reforming reactor 3, the inner circle of the first annular baffle plate 36 is connected to the top of the cylindrical porous baffle plate 39, the bottom of the cylindrical porous baffle plate 39 is connected to the inner circle of the second annular baffle plate 37, and an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the cylindrical porous baffle plate 39 and the inner wall of the reforming reactor 3, and the annular gap is connected to the air inlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32; a catalyst is arranged in the cavity surrounded by the first porous baffle plate 35, the first annular baffle plate 36, the second annular baffle plate 37, the second porous baffle plate 38 and the cylindrical porous baffle plate 39.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by ordinary technicians in this field based on the contents disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. An oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device, characterized in that: The circulating fluidized bed equipment comprises: a circulating fluidized bed drum (1), a cyclone separator (2), a reforming reactor (3), an electrically heated steam generating device (4), and an air introduction device (5). A burner (7) is arranged at the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed drum (1). A fuel inlet (11) and a return port (12) are arranged above the burner (7). The fuel inlet (11) is connected to the feeding device (6). The return port (12) is connected to the discharge port (21) at the bottom of the cyclone separator (2). The air inlet (22) at the upper part of the cyclone separator (2) is connected to the air outlet (13) at the upper part of the circulating fluidized bed drum (1). The fuel gas outlet (23) at the top of the cyclone separator (2) is connected to the fuel gas inlet (31) at the upper part of the reforming reactor (3). A catalyst is arranged inside the reforming reactor (3). The hydrogen-rich gas outlet (32) of the reforming reactor (3) is connected to the induced draft fan (8). The gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generating device (4) is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed drum (1) through a first steam pipeline (41), the gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generating device (4) is connected to the middle of the circulating fluidized bed drum (1) through a second steam pipeline (42), the gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generating device (4) is connected to the upper part of the cyclone separator (2) through a third steam pipeline (43), and the gas outlet end of the electrically heated steam generating device (4) is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor (3) through a fourth steam pipeline (44); The air outlet end of the air introduction device (5) is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed drum (1).

2. The oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The electrically heated steam generating device (4) comprises a steam generator (401), an oxygen source (402), a steam-oxygen mixing regulator (403), and an electric heating device (404); the gas outlet end of the steam generator (401) and the gas outlet end of the oxygen source (402) are both connected to the gas inlet end of the steam-oxygen mixing regulator (403); the gas outlet end of the steam-oxygen mixing regulator (403) is connected to the gas inlet end of the electric heating device (404); and the gas outlet end of the electric heating device (404) is connected to the gas inlet ends of the first steam pipeline (41), the second steam pipeline (42), the third steam pipeline (43), and the fourth steam pipeline (44).

3. The oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 2 is characterized by: The first steam pipeline (41) is provided with a first gas valve (411), the second steam pipeline (42) is provided with a second gas valve (421), the third steam pipeline (43) is provided with a third gas valve (431), the fourth steam pipeline (44) is provided with a fourth gas valve (441), and the steam output outlet of the electrically heated steam generating device (4) is provided with a fifth gas valve (45).

4. The oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 3 is characterized by: A mixing chamber (14) is provided at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed drum (1). The mixing chamber (14) is connected to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed drum (1) through a first gas distributor (15). The mixing chamber (14) is also connected to the gas outlet end of the air introduction device (5) and the gas outlet end of the first steam pipeline (41).

5. The oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A U-shaped return device (9) is provided below the cyclone separator (2); a discharge port (21) at the bottom of the cyclone separator (2) is connected to an inlet of the U-shaped return device (9) via a stop valve (24); and an outlet of the U-shaped return device (9) is connected to a return port (12).

6. The oxygen-enriched gasified biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Check valves (81) are provided at the air inlet and the air outlet of the induced draft fan (8).

7. An oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The gas outlet end of the fourth steam pipeline (44) is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor (3) through an air distribution device (33). The air distribution device (33) comprises an inner pipeline (331) and an outer pipeline (332) which are coaxially arranged. The upper portion of the outer pipeline (332) is fixedly arranged in a mounting hole provided in the bottom of the reforming reactor (3). A vent (336) is provided in the middle of the outer pipeline (332). The outer pipeline (332) is connected to the outlet end of the fourth steam pipeline (44) through the vent (336). The outer pipeline (332) is sleeved on the outside of the inner pipeline (331). The top and the outer pipeline (332) are connected to each other. The bottom is sealed with the outer wall of the inner pipe (331), the inner pipe (331) is rotatably matched with the outer pipe (332) through a bearing, the lower end of the inner pipe (331) is connected to the output end of the reducer (333), the input end of the reducer (333) is connected to the output end of the gas distribution motor (334), a through hole (335) is opened in the middle of the inner pipe (331), the inner pipe (331) is connected to the outer pipe (332) through the through hole (335), and the upper part of the inner pipe (331) passes through the outer pipe (332) and is connected to the second gas distributor (34) arranged in the reforming reactor (3).

8. The oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second gas distributor (34) comprises a conical cover (341), a conical cylinder (342), a cylinder (343), and a bottom plate (344). The conical cylinder (342) is arranged below the conical cover (341). An air distribution gap (345) for air distribution is arranged between the inner wall of the conical cover (341) and the outer wall of the conical cylinder (342). The bottom of the conical cylinder (342) is sealed with the top of the cylinder (343). An air distribution hole (346) is opened on the cylinder wall of the cylinder (343). The lower part of the cylinder (343) is sealed with the bottom plate (344). The middle part of the bottom plate (344) is connected to the inner pipe (331). The upper surface of the bottom plate (344) is connected to the inner surface of the conical cover (341) and the inner surface of the conical cylinder (342) through a connecting bracket (347).

9. The oxygen-enriched gasified biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A first porous baffle (35), a first annular baffle (36), a second annular baffle (37), and a second porous baffle (38) are arranged in the middle of the reforming reactor (3) from top to bottom. The outer peripheries of the first porous baffle (35), the second porous baffle (38), the first annular baffle (36), and the second annular baffle (37) are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reforming reactor (3). The inner circle of the first annular baffle (36) is connected to the top of the cylindrical porous baffle (39). The bottom of the cylindrical porous baffle (39) is connected to the inner circle of the second annular baffle (37). An annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the cylindrical porous baffle (39) and the inner wall of the reforming reactor (3). The annular gap is connected to the air inlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas outlet (32). A catalyst is arranged in a cavity surrounded by the first porous baffle plate (35), the first annular baffle plate (36), the second annular baffle plate (37), the second porous baffle plate (38) and the cylindrical porous baffle plate (39).

10. A method for producing hydrogen from oxygen-enriched gasified biomass in an efficient internal and external circulating fluidized bed, characterized in that: The method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas is based on the hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the hydrogen production method comprises: Adding a fluidizing medium into a circulating fluidized bed drum (1); The electric heating steam generating device (4), the air introducing device (5) and the induced draft fan (8) are turned on to enable the electric heating steam generating device (4) to generate high-temperature oxygen-rich steam, and to introduce the high-temperature oxygen-rich steam into the circulating fluidized bed (1), the cyclone separator (2) and the reforming reactor (3) through the first steam pipeline (41), the second steam pipeline (42), the third steam pipeline (43) and the fourth steam pipeline (44); the air introducing device (5) introduces air into the circulating fluidized bed (1); the induced draft fan (8) draws gas from the reforming reactor (3), and the material inside the circulating fluidized bed (1) is in a fluidized state; Turning on the burner (7) to heat the circulating fluidized bed (1) to a desired temperature and keeping the bed temperature stable; The feeding device (6) is turned on to feed biomass raw materials into the circulating fluidized bed (1) for reaction.

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