A high-efficiency internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production device and method based on oxygen-enriched biomass

Abstract

A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) device includes a CFB cylinder, a cyclone separator, and a reforming reactor. A burner is located at the bottom of the CFB cylinder, with a fuel inlet and a return outlet above the burner. The fuel inlet is connected to a feeding device, and the return outlet is connected to the outlet at the bottom of the cyclone separator. The air inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the air outlet at the top of the CFB cylinder, and the gas outlet at the top of the cyclone separator is connected to the gas inlet at the top of the reforming reactor. A catalyst is placed inside the reforming reactor, and an induced draft fan is installed at the hydrogen-rich gas outlet of the reforming reactor. The bottom and middle sections of the CFB cylinder, the cyclone separator, and the reforming reactor are connected to an electrically heated steam generator via different steam pipelines. The bottom of the CFB cylinder is connected to an air inlet device. This design is suitable for large-scale hydrogen-rich gas production, with high reaction efficiency and a high hydrogen content in the resulting syngas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomass energy, and in particular to an oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production device and a method for preparing hydrogen-enriched gas. Background Technology

[0002] The depletion of fossil fuels and the aggravation of environmental pollution have led people to seek clean and high-quality renewable energy sources. Biomass is a renewable and clean energy source, and biomass gasification for hydrogen production has significant advantages in terms of energy efficiency, productivity, and economy.

[0003] Biomass gasification technology mainly includes fixed-bed biomass gasification technology and fluidized-bed biomass gasification technology. Currently, fluidized-bed gasification produces syngas with problems such as low hydrogen content and high levels of hydrocarbons, tar, and coke. Furthermore, in the field of biomass gasification for hydrogen production, to meet the needs of biomass hydrogen production projects of different scales and types, the size of gasifiers is constantly expanding. Larger-scale equipment may lead to uneven gas flow distribution and large temperature gradients, affecting the uniformity and efficiency of the reaction. With the expansion of gasifier scale, maintaining high and stable gasification efficiency has become a challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art, such as uneven airflow distribution and large temperature gradient caused by large-scale equipment, which affect the uniformity and efficiency of the reaction, and the low hydrogen content in the syngas obtained by fluidized bed gasification. The invention provides a circulating fluidized bed device with uniform airflow distribution, high reaction efficiency, and high hydrogen content in the syngas, as well as a method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas using the circulating fluidized bed device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an efficient internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device for oxygen-enriched biomass. The circulating fluidized bed equipment includes: a circulating fluidized bed cylinder, a cyclone separator, a reforming reactor, an electrically heated steam generator, and an air inlet device. A burner for heating the interior of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder is provided at the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder. A fuel inlet and a return outlet are provided above the burner. The fuel inlet is connected to the feeding device. The return outlet is connected to the discharge outlet at the bottom of the cyclone separator. The air inlet at the upper part of the cyclone separator is connected to the air outlet at the upper part of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder. The gas outlet at the top of the cyclone separator is connected to the gas inlet at the upper part of the reforming reactor. A catalyst is provided inside the reforming reactor. The hydrogen-enriched gas outlet of the reforming reactor is connected to an induced draft fan.

[0007] The outlet of the electric heating steam generator is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed through a first steam pipeline, the outlet of the electric heating steam generator is connected to the middle of the circulating fluidized bed through a second steam pipeline, the outlet of the electric heating steam generator is connected to the upper part of the cyclone separator through a third steam pipeline, and the outlet of the electric heating steam generator is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor through a fourth steam pipeline.

[0008] The air outlet of the air inlet device 5 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed 1.

[0009] The electric heating steam generating device includes a steam generator, an oxygen source, a steam-oxygen mixing and stabilizing device, and an electric heating device. The outlet of the steam generator and the outlet of the oxygen source are both connected to the inlet of the steam-oxygen mixing and stabilizing device. The outlet of the steam-oxygen mixing and stabilizing device is connected to the inlet of the electric heating device. The outlet of the electric heating device is connected to the inlet of the first steam pipeline, the second steam pipeline, the third steam pipeline, and the fourth steam pipeline.

[0010] A first air valve is provided on the first steam pipeline, a second air valve is provided on the second steam pipeline, a third air valve is provided on the third steam pipeline, a fourth air valve is provided on the fourth steam pipeline, and a fifth air valve is provided at the steam output port of the electric heating steam generator.

[0011] The bottom of the circulating fluidized bed is provided with a mixing chamber, which is connected to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed through a first gas distributor. The mixing chamber is also connected to the outlet of the air inlet device and the outlet of the first steam pipeline.

[0012] A U-shaped return feeder is installed below the cyclone separator. The discharge port at the bottom of the cyclone separator is connected to the inlet of the U-shaped return feeder through a shut-off valve, and the outlet of the U-shaped return feeder is connected to the return port.

[0013] Both the air inlet and outlet of the induced draft fan are equipped with check valves.

[0014] The outlet of the fourth steam pipeline is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor via a gas distribution device. The gas distribution device includes an inner pipe and an outer pipe arranged coaxially. The upper part of the outer pipe is fixedly installed in a mounting hole opened at the bottom of the reforming reactor. A vent is provided in the middle of the outer pipe. The outer pipe is connected to the outlet of the fourth steam pipeline through the vent. The outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe. The top and bottom of the outer pipe are sealed to the outer wall of the inner pipe. The inner pipe is rotatably connected to the outer pipe through a bearing. The lower end of the inner pipe is connected to the output end of the reducer. The input end of the reducer is connected to the output end of the gas distribution motor. A through hole is opened in the middle of the inner pipe. The inner pipe is connected to the outer pipe through the through hole. The upper part of the inner pipe passes through the outer pipe and is connected to the second gas distributor installed in the reforming reactor.

[0015] The second gas distributor includes a conical cover, a conical cylinder, a cylindrical cylinder, and a base plate. The conical cylinder is located below the conical cover. A gas distribution gap for gas distribution is provided between the inner wall of the conical cover and the outer wall of the conical cylinder. The bottom of the conical cylinder is sealed to the top of the cylindrical cylinder. Gas distribution holes are provided on the cylinder wall. The lower part of the cylindrical cylinder is sealed to the base plate. The middle part of the base plate is connected to an inner pipe. The upper surface of the base plate is connected to the inner surface of the conical cover and the inner surface of the conical cylinder through a connecting bracket.

[0016] The reforming reactor is provided with a first porous baffle, a first annular baffle, a second annular baffle, and a second porous baffle from top to bottom in the middle. The outer peripheries of the first porous baffle, the second porous baffle, the first annular baffle, and the second annular baffle are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reforming reactor. The inner ring of the first annular baffle is connected to the top of the cylindrical porous baffle, and the bottom of the cylindrical porous baffle is connected to the inner ring of the second annular baffle. An annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the cylindrical porous baffle and the inner wall of the reforming reactor. The annular gap is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas outlet.

[0017] The catalyst is disposed within the cavity formed by the first porous baffle, the first annular baffle, the second annular baffle, the second porous baffle, and the cylindrical porous baffle.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides a hydrogen production method based on the above-described hydrogen production apparatus, the hydrogen production method comprising:

[0019] Add fluidizing medium to the circulating fluidized bed;

[0020] Turn on the electric heating steam generator, air inlet device, and induced draft fan to generate high-temperature oxygen-rich steam. The high-temperature oxygen-rich steam is then introduced into the circulating fluidized bed, cyclone separator, and reforming reactor through the first steam pipeline, the second steam pipeline, the third steam pipeline, and the fourth steam pipeline. Air is introduced into the circulating fluidized bed through the air inlet device, and gas is drawn out from the reforming reactor by the induced draft fan. The material inside the circulating fluidized bed is in a fluidized state.

[0021] Turn on the burner to heat the circulating fluidized bed to the required temperature and maintain a stable bed temperature;

[0022] The feeding device is turned on to send biomass raw materials into the circulating fluidized bed for reaction.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. In this invention, the steam outlet of the electrically heated steam generator in a high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device for oxygen-enriched biomass is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed via a first steam pipeline, the steam outlet of the electrically heated steam generator is connected to the middle of the circulating fluidized bed via a second steam pipeline, the steam outlet of the electrically heated steam generator is connected to the upper part of a cyclone separator via a third steam pipeline, and the steam outlet of the electrically heated steam generator is connected to the bottom of a reforming reactor via a fourth steam pipeline. Due to the large fluidized bed design... During preparation, uneven airflow distribution and large temperature gradients may exist, affecting the uniformity and efficiency of the gasification reaction. Therefore, to maintain high and stable gasification efficiency, four steam pipelines are set up. These four steam pipelines are respectively introduced into the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed, the middle of the circulating fluidized bed, the cyclone separator, and the reforming reactor. This maintains the steam and oxygen concentration throughout the circulating fluidized bed equipment. At the same time, the uniform distribution of steam has little impact on the residence time of the syngas and the heat distribution and heat transfer state within the circulating fluidized bed, thereby improving reaction efficiency and the hydrogen content in the syngas. Therefore, this invention uses four steam pipelines to introduce oxygen-enriched steam into the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed, the middle of the circulating fluidized bed, the cyclone separator, and the reforming reactor. This maintains the steam and oxygen concentration throughout the circulating fluidized bed equipment while having little impact on the residence time of the syngas and the heat distribution and heat transfer state within the circulating fluidized bed, thereby improving reaction efficiency and the hydrogen content in the syngas.

[0025] 2. In the oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production device of the present invention, the reforming reactor is provided with a first porous baffle, a first annular baffle, a second annular baffle, and a second porous baffle arranged from top to bottom in the middle. The outer peripheries of the first porous baffle, the second porous baffle, the first annular baffle, and the second annular baffle are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reforming reactor. The inner ring of the first annular baffle is connected to the top of the cylindrical porous baffle, the bottom of the cylindrical porous baffle is connected to the inner ring of the second annular baffle, and the outer wall of the cylindrical porous baffle is connected to the reforming reactor. An annular gap is formed between the inner walls of the reactor, connecting to the inlet of the hydrogen-rich gas outlet. During the production of hydrogen-rich gas, steam is input from the bottom of the reforming reactor, while combustible gas is input from the top. The steam and combustible gas enter a cavity formed by a first porous baffle, a first annular baffle, a second annular baffle, a second porous baffle, and a cylindrical porous baffle. Under the action of a catalyst, a reforming reaction occurs. CH4, CO, and other components in the combustible gas react with the steam to generate hydrogen, further increasing the proportion of hydrogen in the gaseous products. Therefore, in this design, a cavity for accommodating the catalyst is formed in the middle of the reforming reactor by the first porous baffle, the first annular baffle, the second annular baffle, and the second porous baffle. Steam and combustible gas converge in this cavity and undergo a reforming reaction under the action of the catalyst, further increasing the proportion of hydrogen in the gaseous products.

[0026] 3. The gas distribution device in the oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device of the present invention includes an inner pipe and an outer pipe arranged coaxially. The outer pipe is fixedly installed in the mounting hole opened at the bottom of the reforming reactor. The middle part of the outer pipe is connected to the outlet end of the fourth steam pipe. The outer pipe is sleeved on the outside of the inner pipe. The lower end of the inner pipe is connected to the output end of the reducer. The input end of the reducer is connected to the output end of the booster motor. The bottom of the inner pipe is rotatably engaged with the outer pipe through a bearing. A vent hole penetrating the inner pipe wall is opened in the middle of the inner pipe. The upper part of the inner pipe passes through the outer pipe and is connected to the second gas distributor installed in the reforming reactor. By controlling the rotation of the inner pipe by the motor, the flow rate, velocity, and pressure of the steam entering the reforming reactor can be changed to ensure a more reasonable steam distribution and sufficient reaction inside the reforming reactor. At the same time, the gas distribution device and the second gas distributor can be rotatably set, so that the gas distribution gap and gas distribution hole are not easily blocked, and the gas distribution is more uniform. Therefore, this design can change the flow rate, velocity, and pressure of steam entering the reforming reactor by controlling the rotation of the internal pipes with a motor. At the same time, the gas distribution gaps and holes are not easily blocked, the gas distribution is more uniform, and the internal pressure of the reforming reactor can be balanced and the reaction is complete. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the air distribution device.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second gas distributor.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric heating steam generator 4.

[0031] In the diagram: Circulating fluidized bed 1, fuel inlet 11, return port 12, gas outlet 13, mixing chamber 14, first gas distributor 15, cyclone separator 2, discharge port 21, gas inlet 22, gas outlet 23, shut-off valve 24, reforming reactor 3, gas inlet 31, hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32, gas distribution device 33, inner pipe 331, outer pipe 332, reducer 333, gas distribution motor 334, through hole 335, second gas distributor 34, cylindrical conical cover 341, conical cylinder 342, cylinder 343, bottom plate 344, gas distribution Gap 345, air distribution hole 346, connecting bracket 347, first perforated baffle 35, second perforated baffle 36, third perforated baffle 37, fourth perforated baffle 38, cylindrical perforated baffle 39, electric heating steam generator 4, first steam pipeline 41, first air valve 411, second steam pipeline 42, second air valve 421, third steam pipeline 43, third air valve 431, fourth steam pipeline 44, fourth air valve 441, air inlet device 5, feeding device 6, burner 7, induced draft fan 8, check valve 81, U-shaped return feeder 9. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] See Figures 1 to 3 A high-efficiency internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production device for oxygen-enriched biomass is disclosed. The circulating fluidized bed equipment includes: a circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1, a cyclone separator 2, a reforming reactor 3, an electrically heated steam generator 4, and an air inlet device 5. A burner 7 is installed at the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1 to heat the interior of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1. A fuel inlet 11 and a return port 12 are installed above the burner 7, connecting to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1. The fuel inlet 11 is connected to the feeding device 6. The return port 12 is connected to the discharge port 21 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 2. The air inlet 22 at the top of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the air outlet 13 at the top of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1. The gas outlet 23 at the top of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the gas inlet 31 at the top of the reforming reactor 3. A catalyst is installed inside the reforming reactor 3. The hydrogen-enriched gas outlet 32 ​​of the reforming reactor 3 is connected to an induced draft fan 8.

[0034] Inside the circulating fluidized bed 1 and cyclone separator 2, the pyrolysis of biomass feedstock is accompanied by the rapid release of volatiles and the production of substances such as coke and tar. Subsequently, the hydrocarbon gases and substances such as coke react with water vapor to generate hydrogen-rich fuel gas. After entering the reforming reactor 3, the hydrogen-rich fuel gas continues to react with water vapor, further increasing the hydrogen content in the gaseous products.

[0035] The steam outlet of the electric heating steam generator 4 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed 1 through the first steam pipe 41, the steam outlet of the electric heating steam generator 4 is connected to the middle of the circulating fluidized bed 1 through the second steam pipe 42, the steam outlet of the electric heating steam generator 4 is connected to the upper part of the cyclone separator 2 through the third steam pipe 43, and the steam outlet of the electric heating steam generator 4 is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor 3 through the fourth steam pipe 44.

[0036] The electrically heated steam generator 4 includes a steam generator 401, an oxygen source 402, a steam-oxygen mixing and pressure stabilizing unit 403, and an electric heating device 404. The outlet end of the steam generator 401 and the outlet end of the oxygen source 402 are both connected to the inlet end of the steam-oxygen mixing and pressure stabilizing unit 403. The outlet end of the steam-oxygen mixing and pressure stabilizing unit 403 is connected to the inlet end of the electric heating device 404. The outlet end of the electric heating device 404 is connected to the inlet ends of the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43, and the fourth steam pipeline 44. The outlet ends of the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43, and the fourth steam pipeline 44 are respectively connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed 1, the middle part of the circulating fluidized bed 1, the upper part of the cyclone separator 2, and the bottom of the reforming reactor 3.

[0037] A first steam valve 411 is provided on the first steam pipeline 41, a second steam valve 421 is provided on the second steam pipeline 42, a third steam valve 431 is provided on the third steam pipeline 43, a fourth steam valve 441 is provided on the fourth steam pipeline 44, and a fifth steam valve 45 is provided at the steam output port of the electric heating steam generator 4. The on / off of the four steam pipelines can be controlled by the first steam valve 411, the second steam valve 421, the third steam valve 431, and the fourth steam valve 441 to selectively introduce steam or oxygen-enriched steam into the circulating fluidized bed 1, the cyclone separator 2, and the reforming reactor 3.

[0038] By adjusting the operating power of the steam generator 401, the on / off state of the oxygen source 402, and the gas output speed, the proportion of steam and oxygen in the output gas of the electric heating steam generator 4 can be changed. The electric heating steam generator 4 can output oxygen, steam, or a mixture of steam and oxygen at different temperatures.

[0039] The air outlet of the air inlet device 5 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1.

[0040] A temperature monitoring device is installed in the upper, middle and lower parts of the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1, and a temperature monitoring device is installed at the hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32 ​​of the reforming reactor 3.

[0041] The circulating fluidized bed 1 and the reforming reactor 3 are externally provided with heater assemblies for heating the circulating fluidized bed 1 or the reforming reactor 3, and the heater assembly is an electric furnace.

[0042] The bottom of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1 is provided with a mixing chamber 14. The mixing chamber 14 is connected to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1 through a first gas distributor 15 located above it. The mixing chamber 14 is also connected to the outlet of the air inlet device 5 and the outlet end of the first steam pipeline 41.

[0043] A U-shaped return feeder 9 is provided below the cyclone separator 2. The discharge port 21 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the inlet of the U-shaped return feeder 9 through a shut-off valve 24, and the outlet of the U-shaped return feeder 9 is connected to the return port 12. A slag discharge port is also provided at the bottom of the U-shaped return feeder 9.

[0044] Check valves 81 are installed at both the air inlet and outlet of the induced draft fan 8.

[0045] The outlet of the fourth steam pipeline 44 is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor 3 via a gas distribution device 33. The gas distribution device 33 includes an inner pipe 331 and an outer pipe 332 arranged coaxially. Both the inner pipe 331 and the outer pipe 332 are arranged vertically. The upper part of the outer pipe 332 is fixedly installed in a mounting hole opened at the bottom of the reforming reactor 3. A vent 336 is provided in the middle of the outer pipe 332. The outer pipe 332 is connected to the outlet of the fourth steam pipeline 44 through the vent 336. The outer pipe 332 is sleeved on the outside of the inner pipe 331. The top and bottom of the outer pipe 332 are sealed to the outer wall of the inner pipe 331. The inner pipe 331 is rotatably connected to the outer pipe 332 through a bearing. The lower end of the inner pipe 331 is connected to the output end of the reducer 333. The input end of the reducer 333 is connected to the output end of the gas distribution motor 334. A through hole 335 is provided in the middle of the inner pipe 331. The inner pipe 331 is connected to the outer pipe 332 through the through hole 335. The upper part of the inner pipe 331 passes through the outer pipe 332 and is connected to the second gas distributor 34 installed in the reforming reactor 3.

[0046] The gas distributor motor 334 can drive the inner pipe 331 and the second gas distributor 34 to rotate. Adjusting the speed of the gas distributor motor 334 changes the flow rate, velocity, and pressure of the steam entering the reforming reactor, ensuring that the internal pressure of the reforming reactor is balanced and the reaction is complete.

[0047] The second gas distributor 34 includes a conical cover 341, a conical cylinder 342, a cylindrical cylinder 343, and a base plate 344. The conical cylinder 342 is disposed below the conical cover 341. A gas distribution gap 345 for gas distribution is provided between the inner wall of the conical cover 341 and the outer wall of the conical cylinder 342. The bottom of the conical cylinder 342 is sealed to the top of the cylindrical cylinder 343. A gas distribution hole 346 is provided on the cylinder wall of the cylindrical cylinder 343. The lower part of the cylindrical cylinder 343 is sealed to the base plate 344. The middle part of the base plate 344 is connected to the inner pipe 331. The upper surface of the base plate 344 is connected to the inner surface of the conical cover 341 and the inner surface of the conical cylinder 342 through a connecting bracket 347.

[0048] The gas distribution holes 346 are located on the wall of the conical cylinder 342, and the gas distribution gap 345 is located between the inner wall of the conical cover 341 and the outer wall of the conical cylinder 342. Simultaneously, the entire second gas distributor 34 can rotate with the motor. This arrangement prevents the gas distribution holes 346 and the gas distribution gap 345 from being blocked by falling dust particles, ensuring uniform gas distribution. Furthermore, the gas distribution device 33 and the second gas distributor 34 can also be used to purge residual gas within the reforming reactor 3.

[0049] The reforming reactor 3 is provided with a first porous baffle 35, a first annular baffle 36, a second annular baffle 37, and a second porous baffle 38 arranged from top to bottom in the middle. The outer peripheries of the first porous baffle 35, the second porous baffle 38, the first annular baffle 36, and the second annular baffle 37 are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reforming reactor 3. The inner ring of the first annular baffle 36 is connected to the top of the cylindrical porous baffle 39, and the bottom of the cylindrical porous baffle 39 is connected to the inner ring of the second annular baffle 37. An annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the cylindrical porous baffle 39 and the inner wall of the reforming reactor 3. The annular gap is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32.

[0050] The catalyst is disposed within the cavity formed by the first porous baffle 35, the first annular baffle 36, the second annular baffle 37, the second porous baffle 38, and the cylindrical porous baffle 39.

[0051] The reforming reactor 3 is also provided with a purge port, which is located between the second annular baffle 37 and the second porous baffle 38. The purge port is used to introduce gas to purge the interior of the reforming reactor 3. The purge port is located close to the catalyst to avoid the accumulation of material at the catalyst and blockage, which would affect the reaction efficiency.

[0052] A highly efficient internal and external circulating fluidized bed hydrogen production method based on oxygen-enriched biomass, wherein the hydrogen production method is based on the aforementioned circulating fluidized bed equipment, and the method for preparing hydrogen-enriched gas includes:

[0053] Add fluidizing medium into the circulating fluidized bed 1;

[0054] Turn on the electric heating steam generator 4, the air inlet device 5 and the induced draft fan 8 to make the electric heating steam generator 4 generate high temperature oxygen-rich steam, and introduce the high temperature oxygen-rich steam into the circulating fluidized bed 1, the cyclone separator 2 and the reforming reactor 3 through the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43 and the fourth steam pipeline 44. The air inlet device 5 introduces air into the circulating fluidized bed 1, and the induced draft fan 8 draws gas out from the reforming reactor 3. The material inside the circulating fluidized bed 1 is in a fluidized state.

[0055] Turn on the burner 7 to heat the circulating fluidized bed 1 to the required temperature and maintain a stable bed temperature;

[0056] Start the feeding device 6 to feed biomass raw materials into the circulating fluidized bed 1 for reaction.

[0057] During the reaction process, the gas composition at various points in the hydrogen production unit can be sampled and analyzed, and the pressure and temperature at various points in the hydrogen production unit can be monitored in real time. Based on the sampling and analysis results, the on / off state of the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43, and the fourth steam pipeline 44, as well as the flow rate of water vapor and oxygen output from the electrically heated steam generator 4, can be adjusted.

[0058] Example 1:

[0059] The circulating fluidized bed equipment includes: a circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1, a cyclone separator 2, a reforming reactor 3, an electrically heated steam generator 4, and an air inlet device 5. A burner 7 for heating the interior of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1 is installed at the lower part of the cylinder. A fuel inlet 11 and a return outlet 12 are located above the burner 7. The fuel inlet 11 is connected to a feeding device 6, and the return outlet 12 is connected to the outlet 21 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 2. The air inlet 22 at the top of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the air outlet 13 at the top of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1. The gas outlet 23 at the top of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the gas inlet 31 at the top of the reforming reactor 3. The reforming reactor 3... The reforming reactor 3 is equipped with a catalyst, and its hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32 ​​is connected to the induced draft fan 8. The outlet of the electrically heated steam generator 4 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed 1 via a first steam pipe 41, to the middle of the circulating fluidized bed 1 via a second steam pipe 42, to the upper part of the cyclone separator 2 via a third steam pipe 43, and to the bottom of the reforming reactor 3 via a fourth steam pipe 44. The outlet of the air inlet device 5 is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed 1. The electrically heated steam generator 4 includes a steam generator 401 and an oxygen generator. The system comprises a steam generator 402, an oxygen-steam mixing and pressure stabilizing unit 403, and an electric heating device 404. The outlet of the steam generator 401 and the outlet of the oxygen source 402 are both connected to the inlet of the oxygen-steam mixing and pressure stabilizing unit 403. The outlet of the oxygen-steam mixing and pressure stabilizing unit 403 is connected to the inlet of the electric heating device 404. The outlet of the electric heating device 404 is connected to the inlets of the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43, and the fourth steam pipeline 44. A first air valve 411 is installed on the first steam pipeline 41, a second air valve 421 is installed on the second steam pipeline 42, a third air valve 431 is installed on the third steam pipeline 43, and a third air valve 431 is installed on the fourth steam pipeline 44. A fourth gas valve 441 is provided, and a fifth gas valve 45 is provided at the steam output port of the electric heating steam generator 4; a mixing chamber 14 is provided at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1, and the mixing chamber 14 is connected to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder 1 through a first gas distributor 15 provided above it. The mixing chamber 14 is also connected to the outlet of the air inlet device 5 and the outlet of the first steam pipeline 41; a U-shaped return feeder 9 is provided below the cyclone separator 2, and the discharge port 21 at the bottom of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the inlet of the U-shaped return feeder 9 through a stop valve 24. The outlet of the U-shaped return feeder 9 is connected to the return port 12; a check valve 81 is provided at both the air inlet and the air outlet of the induced draft fan 8.

[0060] A highly efficient internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production method based on oxygen-enriched biomass, wherein the hydrogen-enriched gas production method is based on the aforementioned hydrogen production device, and the hydrogen production method includes:

[0061] Add fluidizing medium into the circulating fluidized bed 1;

[0062] Turn on the electric heating steam generator 4, the air inlet device 5 and the induced draft fan 8 to make the electric heating steam generator 4 generate high temperature oxygen-rich steam, and introduce the high temperature oxygen-rich steam into the circulating fluidized bed 1, the cyclone separator 2 and the reforming reactor 3 through the first steam pipeline 41, the second steam pipeline 42, the third steam pipeline 43 and the fourth steam pipeline 44. The air inlet device 5 introduces air into the circulating fluidized bed 1, and the induced draft fan 8 draws gas out from the reforming reactor 3. The material inside the circulating fluidized bed 1 is in a fluidized state.

[0063] Turn on the burner 7 to heat the circulating fluidized bed 1 to the required temperature and maintain a stable bed temperature;

[0064] Start the feeding device 6 to feed biomass raw materials into the circulating fluidized bed 1 for reaction.

[0065] Example 2:

[0066] Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1, except that:

[0067] The outlet of the fourth steam pipeline 44 is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor 3 via a gas distribution device 33. The gas distribution device 33 includes an inner pipe 331 and an outer pipe 332 arranged coaxially. The upper part of the outer pipe 332 is fixedly installed in a mounting hole opened at the bottom of the reforming reactor 3. A vent 336 is provided in the middle of the outer pipe 332. The outer pipe 332 is connected to the outlet of the fourth steam pipeline 44 through the vent 336. The outer pipe 332 is sleeved outside the inner pipe 331. The top and bottom of the outer pipe 332 are sealed to the outer wall of the inner pipe 331. The inner pipe 331 is rotatably connected to the outer pipe 332 via a bearing. The lower end of the inner pipe 331 is connected to the output end of the reducer 333, and the input end of the reducer 333 is connected to the output end of the gas distribution motor 334. A through hole 335 is provided in the middle of the inner pipe 331, through which the inner pipe 331 is connected to the outer pipe 332. The upper part of the inner pipe 331 passes through the outer pipe 332 and is connected to the second gas distributor 34 located inside the reforming reactor 3. The second gas distributor 34 includes a conical cover 341, a conical cylinder 342, a cylindrical cylinder 343, and a bottom plate 344. The conical cylinder 342 is located below the conical cover 341, and the inner wall of the conical cover 341 is connected to the conical cylinder 342. A gas distribution gap 345 is provided between the outer walls for gas distribution. The bottom of the conical cylinder 342 is sealed to the top of the cylindrical cylinder 343. Gas distribution holes 346 are provided on the cylinder wall of the cylindrical cylinder 343. The lower part of the cylindrical cylinder 343 is sealed to the bottom plate 344. The middle part of the bottom plate 344 is connected to the inner pipe 331. The upper surface of the bottom plate 344 is connected to the inner surface of the conical cover 341 and the inner surface of the conical cylinder 342 through the connecting bracket 347. The reforming reactor 3 is provided with a first porous baffle 35, a first annular baffle 36, a second annular baffle 37, and a second porous baffle 38 from top to bottom in the middle part. The first porous baffle 35... The outer peripheries of the second porous baffle 38, the first annular baffle 36, and the second annular baffle 37 are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reforming reactor 3. The inner ring of the first annular baffle 36 is connected to the top of the cylindrical porous baffle 39, and the bottom of the cylindrical porous baffle 39 is connected to the inner ring of the second annular baffle 37. An annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the cylindrical porous baffle 39 and the inner wall of the reforming reactor 3. The annular gap is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas outlet 32. A catalyst is disposed in the cavity enclosed by the first porous baffle 35, the first annular baffle 36, the second annular baffle 37, the second porous baffle 38, and the cylindrical porous baffle 39.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art based on the content disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection set forth in the claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production device based on oxygen-enriched biomass, characterized in that: The circulating fluidized bed equipment includes: a circulating fluidized bed cylinder (1), a cyclone separator (2), a reforming reactor (3), an electrically heated steam generator (4), and an air inlet device (5). A burner (7) is provided at the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder (1). A fuel inlet (11) and a return port (12) are provided above the burner (7). The fuel inlet (11) is connected to the feeding device (6). The return port (12) is connected to the discharge port (21) at the bottom of the cyclone separator (2). The air inlet (22) at the top of the cyclone separator (2) is connected to the air outlet (13) at the top of the circulating fluidized bed cylinder (1). The gas outlet (23) at the top of the cyclone separator (2) is connected to the gas inlet (31) at the top of the reforming reactor (3). A catalyst is provided inside the reforming reactor (3). The hydrogen-rich gas outlet (32) of the reforming reactor (3) is connected to the induced draft fan (8). The outlet of the electric heating steam generator (4) is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed (1) through the first steam pipe (41), the outlet of the electric heating steam generator (4) is connected to the middle of the circulating fluidized bed (1) through the second steam pipe (42), the outlet of the electric heating steam generator (4) is connected to the upper part of the cyclone separator (2) through the third steam pipe (43), and the outlet of the electric heating steam generator (4) is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor (3) through the fourth steam pipe (44). The air outlet of the air inlet device (5) is connected to the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed (1); The outlet of the fourth steam pipeline (44) is connected to the bottom of the reforming reactor (3) via a gas distribution device (33). The gas distribution device (33) includes an inner pipe (331) and an outer pipe (332) arranged coaxially. The upper part of the outer pipe (332) is fixedly installed in a mounting hole opened at the bottom of the reforming reactor (3). A vent (336) is provided in the middle of the outer pipe (332). The outer pipe (332) is connected to the outlet of the fourth steam pipeline (44) through the vent (336). The outer pipe (332) is sleeved on the outside of the inner pipe (331). The top of the outer pipe (332) and The bottom is sealed to the outer wall of the inner pipe (331). The inner pipe (331) is rotatably connected to the outer pipe (332) through a bearing. The lower end of the inner pipe (331) is connected to the output end of the reducer (333). The input end of the reducer (333) is connected to the output end of the gas distribution motor (334). A through hole (335) is opened in the middle of the inner pipe (331). The inner pipe (331) is connected to the outer pipe (332) through the through hole (335). The upper part of the inner pipe (331) passes through the outer pipe (332) and is connected to the second gas distributor (34) installed in the reforming reactor (3). The second gas distributor (34) includes a conical cover (341), a conical cylinder (342), a cylindrical cylinder (343), and a base plate (344). The conical cylinder (342) is located below the conical cover (341). A gas distribution gap (345) for gas distribution is provided between the inner wall of the conical cover (341) and the outer wall of the conical cylinder (342). The bottom of the conical cylinder (342) is sealed to the top of the cylindrical cylinder (343). A gas distribution hole (346) is provided on the cylinder wall of the cylindrical cylinder (343). The lower part of the cylindrical cylinder (343) is sealed to the base plate (344). The middle part of the base plate (344) is connected to the inner pipe (331). The upper surface of the base plate (344) is connected to the inner surface of the conical cover (341) and the inner surface of the conical cylinder (342) through a connecting bracket (347).

2. The oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating steam generator (4) includes a steam generator (401), an oxygen source (402), a steam-oxygen mixing and stabilizing device (403), and an electric heating device (404). The outlet of the steam generator (401) and the outlet of the oxygen source (402) are connected to the inlet of the steam-oxygen mixing and stabilizing device (403). The outlet of the steam-oxygen mixing and stabilizing device (403) is connected to the inlet of the electric heating device (404). The outlet of the electric heating device (404) is connected to the inlet of the first steam pipeline (41), the second steam pipeline (42), the third steam pipeline (43), and the fourth steam pipeline (44).

3. The oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first gas valve (411) is provided on the first steam pipeline (41), a second gas valve (421) is provided on the second steam pipeline (42), a third gas valve (431) is provided on the third steam pipeline (43), a fourth gas valve (441) is provided on the fourth steam pipeline (44), and a fifth gas valve (45) is provided at the steam output port of the electric heating steam generator (4).

4. The oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the circulating fluidized bed (1) is provided with a mixing chamber (14), which is connected to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed (1) through a first gas distributor (15). The mixing chamber (14) is also connected to the outlet of the air inlet device (5) and the outlet of the first steam pipeline (41).

5. The oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A U-shaped return feeder (9) is provided below the cyclone separator (2). The discharge port (21) at the bottom of the cyclone separator (2) is connected to the inlet of the U-shaped return feeder (9) through a shut-off valve (24). The outlet of the U-shaped return feeder (9) is connected to the return port (12).

6. The oxygen-enriched biomass high-efficiency internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The induced draft fan (8) is equipped with check valves (81) at both the air inlet and outlet.

7. A high-efficiency internal and external circulation fluidized bed hydrogen production device based on oxygen-enriched biomass according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The reforming reactor (3) is provided with a first porous baffle (35), a first annular baffle (36), a second annular baffle (37), and a second porous baffle (38) from top to bottom in the middle. The outer periphery of the first porous baffle (35), the second porous baffle (38), the first annular baffle (36), and the second annular baffle (37) are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reforming reactor (3). The inner ring of the first annular baffle (36) is connected to the top of the cylindrical porous baffle (39), and the bottom of the cylindrical porous baffle (39) is connected to the inner ring of the second annular baffle (37). An annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the cylindrical porous baffle (39) and the inner wall of the reforming reactor (3). The annular gap is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen-rich gas outlet (32). The catalyst is disposed in the cavity formed by the first porous baffle (35), the first annular baffle (36), the second annular baffle (37), the second porous baffle (38), and the cylindrical porous baffle (39).

8. A method for producing hydrogen from oxygen-enriched biomass using an efficient internal and external circulating fluidized bed, characterized in that: The method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas is based on the hydrogen production apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7, the hydrogen production method comprising: Add fluidizing medium to the circulating fluidized bed (1); Turn on the electric heating steam generator (4), air inlet device (5) and induced draft fan (8) to generate high temperature oxygen-rich steam in the electric heating steam generator (4), and introduce the high temperature oxygen-rich steam into the circulating fluidized bed (1), cyclone separator (2) and reforming reactor (3) through the first steam pipeline (41), the second steam pipeline (42), the third steam pipeline (43) and the fourth steam pipeline (44). Introduce air into the circulating fluidized bed (1) through the air inlet device (5), and draw gas out from the reforming reactor (3) through the induced draft fan (8). The material inside the circulating fluidized bed (1) is in a fluidized state. Turn on the burner (7) to heat the circulating fluidized bed cylinder (1) to the required temperature and keep the bed temperature stable; Turn on the feeding device (6) to feed biomass raw materials into the circulating fluidized bed (1) for reaction.

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