Novel water pumping compressed air energy storage system and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a novel water pumping compressed air energy storage system and a construction method.The water pumping compressed air energy storage system is attached to a water pumping energy storage power station and provided with a gas storage, a water diversion lower adit is provided with a first fork, and the water diversion lower adit is connected with the gas storage at the first fork through a connecting hole; the connecting hole is arranged in the gas storage to provide high-water-head water pressure for the gas storage and withdraw water from the gas storage, and an emergency gate shaft is arranged in the connecting hole and provided with an emergency gate used for connecting and disconnecting the connecting hole; the water pumping compressed air energy storage system is further provided with a maintenance traffic adit of the gas storage, and the maintenance traffic adit is formed by converting the construction adit of the gas storage. According to the invention, a building with shorter construction period and lower cost can be adopted, the construction of the pumped storage power station and the construction of the pumped storage power station can be carried out in parallel without mutual interference, and the system is suitable for modular construction of each part, convenient to manage, high in utilization rate of the gas storage cavern, low in investment cost and low in construction difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a novel pumped compressed air energy storage system and a construction method, and is particularly suitable for a pumped compressed air energy storage system of a high-head pumped storage power station. Background Art

[0002] Compressed air energy storage technology is a technology that uses compressed air to store energy. At present, compressed air energy storage technology is the second largest technology considered suitable for GW-level large-scale power energy storage after pumped storage. Its working principle is that during the period of low electricity consumption, electric energy is used to compress the air to high pressure and store it in a cave or pressure vessel, so that the electric energy is converted into the internal energy of the air and stored; during the peak period of electricity consumption, the high-pressure air is released from the air storage chamber, enters the combustion chamber for combustion, and is heated by fuel combustion to drive the turbine to generate electricity. A general compressed air energy storage system generally includes the following six components: compressor, expander, combustion chamber and heat exchanger, gas storage device, motor / generator, control system and auxiliary equipment.

[0003] Underground gas storage is to store compressed air in underground caves or salt caverns. This storage method has high storage capacity and safety, but it needs to consider the geological characteristics and environmental impact of the storage caverns or salt caverns. In order to improve the output efficiency of compressed air energy storage, the underground cavern area is large, and in order to ensure the safety and stability of the gas storage chamber, steel lining support is generally used. This layout has a high investment cost, a long construction period, and a low gas storage chamber utilization rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is: to address the above-mentioned problems, to propose a new type of pumped compressed air energy storage system and construction method, which can compress the high-pressure gas in the gas storage chamber through the static water pressure between the upper reservoir and the gas storage reservoir, and use the turbine to do work, thereby reducing the construction cost of the energy storage system and improving the utilization rate of the gas storage chamber.

[0005] To this end, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A novel pumped compressed air energy storage system, which is attached to a pumped storage power station, wherein the pumped storage power station is provided with a water diversion tunnel, wherein the water diversion tunnel is located between the water diversion well and the powerhouse of the pumped storage power station; the system is characterized in that a gas storage reservoir is provided in the pumped compressed air energy storage system, wherein the water diversion tunnel is provided with a first fork, wherein the water diversion tunnel is connected to the gas storage reservoir through a connecting hole at the first fork to provide high head water pressure to the gas storage reservoir and to withdraw water from the gas storage reservoir, and an emergency gate well is provided in the connecting hole, wherein an emergency gate well is provided with an emergency gate for connecting and closing the connecting hole; the system is also provided with a maintenance traffic branch tunnel for the gas storage reservoir, wherein the maintenance traffic branch tunnel is formed by converting a construction branch tunnel of the gas storage reservoir.

[0006] Considering the maximization of power generation efficiency, the elevation of the gas storage reservoir is slightly lower than the lower flat tunnel of the water diversion tunnel of the pumped storage power station. In order to improve the overall excavation quality of the gas storage cavern and speed up the construction progress, the gas storage reservoir adopts the gas storage cavern formed by TBM excavation, which is preferably composed of an annular tunnel with a circular cross-section.

[0007] A ventilation pipe is installed on the top of the gas storage reservoir and connected to the ground air compression system.

[0008] Since the tunnel is buried deep, the surrounding rock properties are generally good, and the gas storage cave has a relatively low pressure, after excavation, reinforced concrete lining can be used to seal it (no steel lining is required) to increase the airtightness of the gas storage cave and the stability of the overall structure. In addition, the connecting hole can also be lined with reinforced concrete (no steel lining is required) with a circular cross section.

[0009] To this end, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The construction method of the novel pumped compressed air energy storage system is characterized by comprising the construction of the gas storage reservoir, the construction of the connecting hole and the construction of the accident gate well; The construction sequence for the gas storage is as follows: 1) After the excavation of the branch tunnel for the lower flat tunnel is completed to the designed position of the second fork, the branch tunnel is excavated along the construction direction of the gas storage branch tunnel as the TBM excavation assembly and starting tunnel section; this can reduce the construction interference of the excavation of the lower flat tunnel and gas storage tunnel of the pumped storage power station. 2) Parallel to the construction of the pumped storage power station, the branch tunnels and gas storage caverns of the gas storage reservoir are continuously excavated by TBM. A certain turning radius is set at each intersection of the gas storage caverns to facilitate TBM excavation; The construction sequence for the connecting holes is as follows: When the water diversion tunnel of the pumped storage power station is dug to the designed position of the first fork, the connecting hole is excavated first along the excavation direction of the connecting hole; The construction sequence for the accident gate well is as follows: In the middle of the tail gate traffic tunnel and the tail gate transport tunnel of the pumped storage power station, a branch tunnel, namely the third construction branch tunnel and the fourth construction branch tunnel, is excavated respectively for the excavation of the accident gate tunnel and the transportation of equipment. Corbels are arranged on the side walls of the accident gate tunnel for the installation of the bridge foundation and the lifting of the gate. After the excavation of the connecting tunnel is completed, an accident gate well is dug downward in the accident gate tunnel.

[0010] Furthermore, after the connecting tunnel is excavated to below the designed position of the accident gate well, the excavation construction of the water diversion lower horizontal tunnel can be resumed. At this time, the excavation construction of the water diversion lower horizontal tunnel and the construction of the accident gate tunnel and the accident gate well are carried out in parallel.

[0011] Furthermore, after the excavation of the water diversion tunnel is completed, the excavation of the connecting tunnel section between the accident gate well and the gas storage reservoir is carried out.

[0012] Furthermore, after the excavation of the gas storage cavern of the gas storage reservoir is completed, a hole is drilled vertically from the ground surface according to the geological and topographical conditions. To ensure the connectivity of the gas, a seamless stainless steel pipe is buried in time after the drilling.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The pumped compressed air energy storage system can be constructed with a shorter construction period and lower cost, and can be carried out in parallel with the construction of the pumped storage power station without interfering with each other. It is also suitable for modular construction of each part, which is convenient for management. The pumped compressed air energy storage system of the present invention also has the following technical effects: 1. The present invention compresses gas to store energy through the static water pressure between the upper reservoir and the gas storage reservoir. When generating electricity, it can be adjusted by controlling the opening of the gas valve. The operation is flexible and controllable, and it is suitable for various pumped storage power stations with a wide range of applications.

[0014] 2. Set up emergency gate wells to reduce the impact of pumped compressed air energy storage on the operation of pumped storage power stations.

[0015] 3. Compared with the traditional compressed air energy storage system, the air storage cavern of the present invention requires a smaller air storage area, has strong stability and higher safety, and all compressed air can be used, with high utilization rate, low investment cost and low construction difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the gas storage system of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a typical longitudinal section layout diagram of the gas storage system of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a typical longitudinal section view of the accident gate hole of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a novel pumped compressed air energy storage system, which is attached to a pumped storage power station. The pumped storage power station is provided with a water diversion lower flat tunnel 100, which is located between the water diversion well and the powerhouse of the pumped storage power station, and the water diversion well is connected to the reservoir. The novel pumped compressed air energy storage mainly includes a connecting hole 301, an emergency gate well 400, a gas storage reservoir 300, and a maintenance traffic branch tunnel, which are described in detail below.

[0020] The pumped compressed air energy storage system is provided with a gas storage reservoir 300, and the water diversion lower flat tunnel 100 is provided with a first fork 101. The water diversion lower flat tunnel 100 is connected to the gas storage reservoir 300 through a connecting hole 301 at the first fork 101 to provide high head water pressure to the gas storage reservoir 300 and withdraw water from the gas storage reservoir. In addition, in order to facilitate the independent operation and management of the pumped compressed air energy storage system, combined with the characteristics of the pumped storage power station, an accident gate well 400 is provided in the middle of the connecting hole 301. The accident gate well 400 is provided with an accident gate 402 for connecting and closing the connecting hole 301, and the top of the accident gate well 400 is the accident gate hole 401; the pumped compressed air energy storage system is also provided with a maintenance traffic branch hole for the gas storage reservoir 300, and the maintenance traffic branch hole is formed by the gas storage reservoir construction branch hole 302 after the gas storage reservoir is built.

[0021] The gas storage reservoir 300 is an annular gas storage cavern 301 formed by TBM excavation. The gas storage cavern 301 is arranged underground.

[0022] The water diversion lower horizontal tunnel construction branch tunnel 200 of the pumped storage power station is provided with a second fork 201, and the gas storage construction branch tunnel 302 extends from the second fork 201 to the gas storage 300. Preferably, the gas storage construction branch tunnel 302 and the gas storage cavern 303 of the gas storage 300 are continuous structures formed by continuous excavation of TBM.

[0023] The construction sequence of the pumped compressed air energy storage system of the present invention for the air storage reservoir 300 is as follows: 1. After the excavation of the lower flat tunnel construction branch tunnel 200 is completed to the designed position of the second fork 201, the branch tunnel can be excavated along the construction direction of the gas storage construction branch tunnel 302 as the TBM excavation assembly and starting tunnel section.

[0024] 2. Parallel to the construction of the pumped storage power station, the gas storage construction branch tunnel 302 and the gas storage cavern 303 of the gas storage are continuously excavated by TBM. A certain turning radius 304 is set at each intersection of the gas storage cavern 303 to facilitate TBM excavation. The intersection 304 between the gas storage cavern 303 and the connecting tunnel 301 is set to a trumpet shape. In order to improve the excavation quality of the intersection, the construction measure of "first hole and then wall" is adopted. When the TBM excavating the gas storage cavern 303 advances to the designed position of the intersection 304, the expansion construction of the intersection 304 is completed first, and then the TBM construction of the gas storage cavern 303 is continued.

[0025] The construction sequence for the connection hole 301 is as follows: When the water diversion lower horizontal tunnel of the pumped storage power station is excavated to the designed position of the first fork 101, the connecting tunnel 301 is excavated first along the excavation direction of the connecting tunnel 301. Considering the interference of excavation blasting between adjacent caverns and meeting the requirements of excavation and slag removal of the accident gate well, the excavation of the water diversion lower horizontal tunnel 100 is continued after the connecting tunnel 301 is excavated to below the designed position of the accident gate well. At this time, the excavation of the water diversion lower horizontal tunnel 100 is carried out in parallel with the construction of the accident gate tunnel 401 and the accident gate well 400. After the excavation of the water diversion lower horizontal tunnel 100 is completed and the excavation of the accident gate well is completed, the excavation of the connecting tunnel section between the accident gate well 401 and the gas storage reservoir 300 is carried out.

[0026] The construction sequence for the emergency gate well 400 is as follows: In the middle of the tail gate traffic tunnel and the tail gate transport tunnel of the pumped storage power station, a branch tunnel, namely the third construction branch tunnel 500 and the fourth construction branch tunnel 600, is excavated respectively for the excavation of the accident gate tunnel 401 and the transportation of equipment. The side wall of the accident gate tunnel is arranged with a bracket 402 for the installation of the bridge foundation and the lifting of the gate. After the excavation of the connecting tunnel 301 is completed, the accident gate well 400 is dug downward in the accident gate tunnel 401. The reference numeral 403 is a ladder connected to the bridge foundation in the accident gate tunnel 401.

[0027] After the excavation of the gas storage cavern 303 of the gas storage reservoir is completed, a hole 700 is drilled vertically from the ground surface according to the geological and topographical conditions. To ensure the connectivity of the gas, a seamless stainless steel pipe is buried in time after the drilling.

[0028] The above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by ordinary technicians in this technical field within the scope of this specification and claims should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel pumped compressed air energy storage system, wherein the pumped compressed air energy storage system is attached to a pumped storage power station, wherein the pumped storage power station is provided with a water diversion tunnel, wherein the water diversion tunnel is located between the water diversion well and the powerhouse of the pumped storage power station; characterized in that: The water-pumping compressed air energy storage system is provided with an air storage reservoir, and the water diversion lower flat tunnel is provided with a first fork, and the water diversion lower flat tunnel is connected to the air storage reservoir through a connecting hole at the first fork to provide high head water pressure to the air storage reservoir and to withdraw water from the air storage reservoir, and an emergency gate well is provided in the connecting hole, and an emergency gate well is provided with an emergency gate for connecting and closing the connecting hole; the water-pumping compressed air energy storage system is also provided with a maintenance traffic branch tunnel for the air storage reservoir, and the maintenance traffic branch tunnel is formed by converting the construction branch tunnel of the air storage reservoir.

2. A novel pumped compressed air energy storage system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A second fork is arranged in the construction branch tunnel of the water diversion lower horizontal tunnel of the pumped storage power station, and the construction branch tunnel of the gas storage reservoir extends from the second fork to the gas storage reservoir.

3. A novel pumped compressed air energy storage system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage construction branch tunnel and the gas storage cavern of the gas storage are continuous structures formed by continuous excavation of the TBM.

4. The construction method of the novel pumped compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Including the construction of gas storage, the construction of connecting holes and the construction of emergency gate wells; The construction sequence for the gas storage is as follows: 1) After the excavation of the branch tunnel for the lower flat tunnel is completed to the designed position of the second fork, the branch tunnel is excavated along the construction direction of the gas storage branch tunnel as the TBM excavation assembly and starting tunnel section; 2) Parallel to the construction of the pumped storage power station, the branch tunnels and gas storage caverns of the gas storage reservoir are continuously excavated by TBM. A certain turning radius is set at each intersection of the gas storage caverns to facilitate TBM excavation; The construction sequence for the connecting holes is as follows: When the water diversion tunnel of the pumped storage power station is dug to the designed position of the first fork, the connecting hole is excavated first along the excavation direction of the connecting hole; The construction sequence for the accident gate well is as follows: In the middle of the tail gate traffic tunnel and the tail gate transport tunnel of the pumped storage power station, a branch tunnel, namely the third construction branch tunnel and the fourth construction branch tunnel, is excavated respectively for the excavation of the accident gate tunnel and the transportation of equipment. Corbels are arranged on the side walls of the accident gate tunnel for the installation of the bridge foundation and the lifting of the gate. After the excavation of the connecting tunnel is completed, an accident gate well is dug downward in the accident gate tunnel.

5. The construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: After the connecting tunnel is excavated to below the designed position of the accident gate well, the excavation of the water diversion lower horizontal tunnel can be resumed. At this time, the excavation of the water diversion lower horizontal tunnel and the construction of the accident gate tunnel and the accident gate well are carried out in parallel.

6. The construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: After the excavation of the gas storage cavern of the gas storage facility is completed, a hole is drilled vertically from the ground surface according to the geological and topographical conditions. To ensure the connectivity of the gas, a seamless stainless steel pipe is buried in time after drilling.

Images