Support-free prefabricated public building toilet and installation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a support-free prefabricated public building toilet and a mounting method thereof. The support-free prefabricated public building toilet mainly comprises prefabricated columns, prefabricated beams, prefabricated descending plate units and prefabricated floor slabs. The installation method comprises the following steps that 1, the multiple prefabricated columns are arranged according to an array, and the prefabricated beams are hoisted between any two left-right adjacent prefabricated columns; 2, the prefabricated plate descending unit is hoisted to the position between two prefabricated beams which are adjacent front and back; 3, a prefabricated floor slab is laid between any two adjacent prefabricated descending slab units arranged at intervals; 4, concrete is poured on the surface of the prefabricated floor slab and all joints; 5, a wall body is installed, pipelines are arranged in the settlement area, and a filling material is laid in the settlement area; and step 6, arranging and installing sanitary equipment and partitions based on the pipeline. The area of a public building toilet sinking area is reduced, backfilling consumption is reduced, the dead weight of the whole structure is reduced, supporting and formwork-free operation on a construction site is achieved, cost is reduced, and efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of prefabricated assembled buildings, in particular to a support-free prefabricated public building toilet. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the toilets in public buildings are squat toilets. When installing squat toilets, it is necessary to consider setting up a water trap underneath. The corresponding toilet area needs to be designed as a whole sunken compared to other areas, and then filled with lightweight materials or construction waste to raise it.

[0003] With the promotion of prefabricated buildings, more and more buildings are being built in a prefabricated manner. However, traditional prefabricated buildings have shortcomings in the design of public building toilets. The main reasons are:

[0004] Traditional prefabricated buildings still use multiple prefabricated panels to splice when designing the bathroom area of ​​public buildings. In order to achieve a sunken design, it is usually considered to set a corbel at the low position of the prefabricated beam, then place the secondary beam and then lay the prefabricated panel. The upper surface height of the prefabricated panel is lower than the upper surface height of the prefabricated beam to form a concave space; however, there are gaps between adjacent prefabricated panels and between prefabricated panels and prefabricated beams. Since sewage pipes are laid in the prefabricated panel area, if sewage pipes leak, the sewage will flow through the gaps to the lower space. In addition, since the prefabricated panel is a large flat floor as a whole, when leakage occurs, the sewage leakage area cannot be locked due to the spread of sewage, and the entire panel needs to be dismantled for inspection. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a support-free prefabricated public building toilet and an installation method thereof, which is divided according to the position of the toilet, and a sunken pipe layout area and a non-sunken walking area are formed through a staggered configuration, and the sunken area is designed as an integrated prefabricated drop-down plate unit, which effectively avoids leakage caused by sewage leakage.

[0006] The present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a prefabricated public building toilet without support, comprising

[0007] A plurality of precast columns are provided and arranged in a rectangular array, the top of the precast column is provided with column reinforcement extending upward and the side is provided with steel corbels;

[0008] A precast beam is erected between any two adjacent precast columns and supported on a steel corbel. The left and right ends of the precast beam are provided with first beam steel bars extending outwards and the top surface is provided with first beam stirrups extending upwards. A plurality of embedded support members arranged in sequence according to the extension direction of the precast beam are provided on the front and / or rear side surfaces of the precast beam.

[0009] The prefabricated drop-down unit is erected between any two adjacent prefabricated beams, the main body of which is a bottom plate, and the left and right sides of the bottom plate are respectively provided with reverse beams extending upward, and the front and rear sides of the bottom plate are respectively provided with baffles extending upward, and the reverse beams and baffles are jointly enclosed to form a drop-down area; the top of the reverse beam is provided with a second beam stirrup extending upward, and the top of the baffle is provided with a baffle steel bar extending upward;

[0010] The prefabricated floor slab has floor slab reinforcement bars extending outward on the left and right sides, and the surface of the prefabricated floor slab has reinforcement units extending left and right;

[0011] The prefabricated drop-down plate unit is divided into a middle prefabricated drop-down plate unit and an edge prefabricated drop-down plate unit. The front and rear end bottoms of the two side reverse beams of the middle prefabricated drop-down plate unit are provided with limit grooves matching the contour of the embedded support member; the front and rear end bottoms of the reverse beams on one side of the edge prefabricated drop-down plate unit are provided with limit grooves matching the contour of the embedded support member, and the front and rear end of the reverse beam on the other side are provided with notches that penetrate from top to bottom, and the front and rear end of the reverse beam on this side are provided with second beam reinforcements extending to the notch;

[0012] The prefabricated drop-down plate units are arranged in adjacent intervals or in close proximity with each other and in coordination with adjacent intervals, and when the prefabricated drop-down plate units are arranged in intervals, a prefabricated floor slab is erected between two prefabricated drop-down plate units arranged in intervals;

[0013] Pour concrete on the surface of the precast slab and at each node and install walls, lay pipes and filler materials in the drop-down area, and install sanitary equipment and partitions based on the pipe layout.

[0014] A method for installing a prefabricated public building toilet without support comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Arrange multiple prefabricated columns according to an array, and hoist prefabricated beams between any two adjacent prefabricated columns, so that the prefabricated beams are supported on the steel brackets of the prefabricated columns, and the steel bars of the first beam extend to the top of the prefabricated column;

[0016] Step 2: hoist the prefabricated drop-down unit between two adjacent prefabricated beams, wherein the limit groove of the prefabricated drop-down unit corresponds to the embedded support of the prefabricated beam, the counter beam corresponding to the notch of the prefabricated drop-down unit is supported on the steel bracket of the prefabricated column, and the second beam reinforcement extends to the top of the prefabricated column;

[0017] Step 3, laying a prefabricated floor slab between any two adjacent prefabricated drop-down slab units arranged at intervals, wherein the floor slab reinforcement of the prefabricated floor slab extends to the top of the prefabricated drop-down slab unit;

[0018] Step 4, pouring concrete on the surface of the precast floor and at each node;

[0019] Step 5: Install the wall, lay out the pipes and filler materials in the drop-down area;

[0020] Step 6: Install sanitary equipment and partitions based on pipeline layout.

[0021] Compared with the previous technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. Through the intermittent arrangement of prefabricated drop-down units and prefabricated floor slabs, the public building toilets are divided into sinking areas and non-sinking areas. Pipes are laid in the sinking area and backfilled with filling materials, which avoids the problem of the entire public building toilet area sinking and the need to backfill the entire area with filling materials. The self-weight of the overall structure is reduced, the consumption of backfill materials is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

[0023] 2. The sewage leakage area is controllable. Compared with the traditional large-area sinking area, the sinking area of ​​the present invention is divided into several independent sinking areas. When the sewage pipe leaks, the leaking liquid is generally confined to the independent prefabricated drop-down plate unit and will not leak downwards. Since there will be no large-area diffusion, it is convenient to subsequently lock the leaking prefabricated drop-down plate unit. Moreover, the anti-leakage performance of the integral prefabricated drop-down plate unit is significantly better than the traditional structure prefabricated in parts.

[0024] 3. The installation process is free of support and formwork, ensuring installation efficiency and reducing construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated column;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a precast beam;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the embedded support;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the edge prefabricated drop-down unit;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the middle prefabricated drop-down unit;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a prefabricated floor;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of step 1 in the installation method;

[0033] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of installing a precast drop-down unit on a precast beam;

[0034] Fig.10A schematic diagram of installing a prefabricated floor slab between prefabricated drop-down units;

[0035] Fig.11 This is the overall schematic diagram after the prefabricated floor slab is installed;

[0036] Fig.12 For Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the placement of pipes after pouring concrete on the foundation;

[0037] Fig.13 For Fig.12 Schematic diagram of installing the wall on the foundation;

[0038] Fig.14 Schematic diagram to complete the installation of sanitary equipment and partitions;

[0039] Fig.15 for Fig.14 Top view of the .

[0040] Explanation of numbers: 1 precast column, 11 column reinforcement, 12 steel corbel, 2 precast beam, 21 first beam reinforcement, 22 first beam stirrups, 23 embedded support, 231 connecting plate, 232 base, 233 limit plate, 234 anchor, 24 first keyway, 3 precast drop-down unit, 31 bottom plate, 32 counter beam, 33 baffle, 34 second beam stirrups, 35 baffle reinforcement, 36 limit groove, 37 notch, 38 second beam reinforcement, 39 second keyway, 4 precast floor slab, 41 floor slab reinforcement, 42 reinforcement unit, 5 wall, 6 pipeline, 7 sanitary equipment, 8 partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0042] like Figure 1-7 Shown: A prefabricated public building toilet without support, including

[0043] A plurality of prefabricated columns 1 are provided and arranged in a rectangular array, and a column reinforcement 11 extending upward is provided on the top of the prefabricated column 1 and a steel corbel 12 is provided on the side;

[0044] The precast beam 2 is erected between any two adjacent precast columns 1 and supported on the steel corbel 12. The left and right ends of the precast beam 2 are provided with first beam reinforcement bars 21 extending outwards and the top surface is provided with first beam stirrups 22 extending upwards. A plurality of embedded support members 23 arranged in sequence according to the extension direction of the precast beam 2 are provided on the front and / or rear side of the precast beam 2.

[0045] The prefabricated drop-down unit 3 is erected between any two front-to-back adjacent prefabricated beams 2, and the main body is a bottom plate 31. The left and right sides of the bottom plate 31 are respectively provided with reverse beams 32 extending upward, and the front and rear sides of the bottom plate 31 are respectively provided with baffles 33 extending upward. The reverse beam 32 and the baffles 33 are jointly enclosed to form a drop-down area; the top of the reverse beam 32 is provided with a second beam stirrup 34 extending upward, and the top of the baffle 33 is provided with a baffle steel bar 35 extending upward;

[0046] The prefabricated floor 4 has floor reinforcement bars 41 extending outward on both sides, and the surface of the prefabricated floor 4 has reinforcement units 42 extending left and right;

[0047] The prefabricated drop-down plate unit 3 is divided into a middle prefabricated drop-down plate unit and an edge prefabricated drop-down plate unit. The front and rear end bottoms of the two side reverse beams 32 of the middle prefabricated drop-down plate unit are provided with limit grooves 36 that match the contour of the embedded support member 23; the front and rear end bottoms of the reverse beams 32 of one side of the edge prefabricated drop-down plate unit 3 are provided with limit grooves 36 that match the contour of the embedded support member 23, and the front and rear end of the reverse beams 32 of the other side are provided with notches 37 that pass through from top to bottom, and the front and rear end of the reverse beams 32 of the side are provided with second beam reinforcements 38 that extend to the notch 37;

[0048] The prefabricated drop-down plate units 3 are arranged in adjacent intervals or in close proximity with each other, and when the prefabricated drop-down plate units 3 are arranged in intervals, a prefabricated floor slab 4 is arranged between two prefabricated drop-down plate units 3 arranged in intervals;

[0049] Concrete is poured on the surface of the prefabricated floor 4 and at each node and the wall 5 is installed. Pipes 6 are laid in the drop-down area and filling materials are laid. Sanitary equipment 7 and partitions 8 are laid and installed based on the pipes 6.

[0050] The prefabricated columns and prefabricated beams here all adopt conventional structures. The core of the present invention lies in the design of the prefabricated drop-down plate unit 3. The prefabricated drop-down plate unit 3 here is a groove structure, in which the bottom plate is the bottom of the groove, and the reverse beams on the left and right sides and the baffles 33 on the front and back sides jointly enclose the drop-down plate area; the reverse beams here themselves also play the role of supporting the overall structure of the prefabricated drop-down plate unit 3 and the enclosure. The baffle 33 simply plays the role of enclosure. The drop-down plate area in the middle is subsequently used to place pipes. In general, each group of toilets is designed in different areas, so the prefabricated drop-down plate unit 3 is also arranged at intervals; however, there is no guarantee that there are two adjacent groups of toilets, so adjacent prefabricated drop-down plate units 3 can also occur, which can be specifically arranged according to the construction drawings. For the part that does not require a sinking area, the prefabricated floor slab 4 can be directly laid. Since the reverse beam has a certain strength, the two sides of the prefabricated floor slab 4 can be directly erected on the reverse beam.

[0051] The end face of the precast beam 2 is provided with a first keyway 24, and the end face of the counter beam 32 corresponding to the notch 37 in the edge precast drop plate unit 3 is provided with a second keyway 39. Since these areas are beam-column node areas in the future, concrete needs to be poured later, and the keyway can ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0052] The embedded support 23 includes a connecting plate 231, a base 232, a limiting plate 233 and an anchor 234. The connecting plate 231 is vertically mounted on the base 232, the limiting plate 233 is vertically mounted on the front side of the connecting plate 231 and vertically mounted on the surface of the base 232, and the anchor 234 is mounted on the rear side of the connecting plate 231; the anchor 234 and the base 232 located on the rear side of the connecting plate 231 are cast in the precast beam 2, and the limiting plate 233 and the base 232 together form an inverted T-shaped support structure. This is a conventional support structure, and the main point of the design is that the support part presents an inverted T shape.

[0053] The baffle steel bar 35 is bent toward the adjacent precast beam 2, so that the precast drop-down unit 3 and the precast beam 2 can cooperate in bearing force.

[0054] The sanitary equipment 7 includes one or a combination of toilets, squat toilets, urinals and basins, and can be reasonably selected and arranged according to needs.

[0055] like Figure 8-15 As shown: A method for installing a prefabricated public building toilet without support, comprising the following steps:

[0056] Step 1, multiple prefabricated columns 1 are arranged according to an array, and a prefabricated beam 2 is hoisted between any two adjacent prefabricated columns 1, so that the prefabricated beam 2 is supported on the steel bracket 12 of the prefabricated column 1, and the first beam steel bar 21 extends to the top of the prefabricated column 1;

[0057] Step 2, hoist the prefabricated drop-down unit 3 between two adjacent prefabricated beams 2, wherein the limit groove of the prefabricated drop-down unit 3 corresponds to the embedded support member 23 of the prefabricated beam 2, the counter beam 32 corresponding to the notch 37 of the prefabricated drop-down unit 3 is supported on the steel corbel 12 of the prefabricated column 1, and the second beam steel bar 38 extends to the top of the prefabricated column 1;

[0058] Step 3, laying a prefabricated floor slab 4 between any two adjacent prefabricated drop-down floor units 3 arranged at intervals, wherein the floor slab reinforcement 41 of the prefabricated floor slab 4 extends to the top of the prefabricated drop-down floor unit 3;

[0059] Step 4, pouring concrete on the surface of the prefabricated floor 4 and at each node;

[0060] Step 5, installing the wall 5, laying the pipes 6 in the drop-down area and laying the filling material;

[0061] Step 6: Lay out and install sanitary equipment 7 and partitions 8 based on pipeline 6.

[0062] The above filling materials are mostly lightweight ceramsite, and the wall 5 can also be a prefabricated wall.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated public building toilet without support, characterized in that: include A plurality of prefabricated columns (1) are provided and arranged in a rectangular array, the top of the prefabricated column (1) is provided with a column reinforcement (11) extending upward and the side is provided with a steel bracket (12); A prefabricated beam (2) is erected between any two adjacent prefabricated columns (1) and supported on a steel corbel (12); the left and right ends of the prefabricated beam (2) are provided with first beam reinforcement bars (21) extending outwards and the top surface is provided with first beam stirrups (22) extending upwards; and a plurality of embedded support members (23) arranged in sequence according to the extension direction of the prefabricated beam (2) are provided on the front and / or rear side surfaces of the prefabricated beam (2); The prefabricated drop-down plate unit (3) is erected between any two front-to-rear adjacent prefabricated beams (2), the main body of which is a bottom plate (31), and the left and right sides of the bottom plate (31) are respectively provided with reverse beams (32) extending upward, and the front and rear sides of the bottom plate (31) are respectively provided with baffles (33) extending upward, the reverse beam (32) and the baffles (33) together enclose a drop-down plate area; the top of the reverse beam (32) is provided with a second beam stirrup (34) extending upward, and the top of the baffle (33) is provided with a baffle steel bar (35) extending upward; The prefabricated floor slab (4) is provided with floor slab reinforcement bars (41) extending outward on both left and right sides, and the surface of the prefabricated floor slab (4) is provided with reinforcement units (42) extending left and right; The prefabricated drop-down plate unit (3) is divided into a middle prefabricated drop-down plate unit and an edge prefabricated drop-down plate unit. The bottoms of the front and rear ends of the two side reverse beams (32) of the middle prefabricated drop-down plate unit are provided with limiting grooves (36) matching the contour of the embedded support member (23); the bottoms of the front and rear ends of the reverse beams (32) on one side of the edge prefabricated drop-down plate unit (3) are provided with limiting grooves (36) matching the contour of the embedded support member (23), the front and rear ends of the reverse beams (32) on the other side are provided with notches (37) that penetrate from top to bottom, and the front and rear ends of the reverse beams (32) on this side are provided with second beam reinforcements (38) that extend to the notches (37); The prefabricated drop-down plate units (3) are arranged in adjacent intervals or in close proximity with each other and in coordination with adjacent intervals, and when the prefabricated drop-down plate units (3) are arranged in intervals, a prefabricated floor slab (4) is arranged between two prefabricated drop-down plate units (3) arranged in intervals; Concrete is poured on the surface of the prefabricated floor slab (4) and at each node and a wall (5) is installed. Pipes (6) are laid in the drop-down area and filling materials are laid. Sanitary equipment (7) and partitions (8) are laid and installed based on the pipes (6).

2. A prefabricated public building toilet without support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the prefabricated beam (2) is provided with a first key groove (24), and the end surface of the counter beam (32) corresponding to the notch (37) in the edge prefabricated drop plate unit (3) is provided with a second key groove (39).

3. A prefabricated public building toilet without support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded support member (23) comprises a connecting plate (231), a base (232), a limiting plate (233) and an anchor (234); the connecting plate (231) is vertically mounted on the base (232); the limiting plate (233) is vertically mounted on the front side of the connecting plate (231) and vertically mounted on the surface of the base (232); and the anchor (234) is mounted on the rear side of the connecting plate (231); the anchor (234) and the base (232) located on the rear side of the connecting plate (231) are cast in the prefabricated beam (2); the limiting plate (233) and the base (232) together form an inverted T-shaped support structure.

4. The support-free prefabricated public building toilet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle steel bars (35) are bent in the direction of the adjacent prefabricated beams (2).

5. The support-free prefabricated public building toilet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sanitary equipment (7) includes one or a combination of a toilet, a squat toilet, a urinal and a basin.

6. The installation method of a prefabricated public building toilet without support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, arranging a plurality of prefabricated columns (1) according to an array, hoisting a prefabricated beam (2) between any two adjacent prefabricated columns (1) on the left and right, so that the prefabricated beam (2) is supported on the steel bracket (12) of the prefabricated column (1), and the first beam steel bar (21) extends to the top of the prefabricated column (1); Step 2, hoisting the prefabricated drop-down unit (3) between two front and rear adjacent prefabricated beams (2), wherein the limiting groove of the prefabricated drop-down unit (3) corresponds to the embedded support member (23) of the prefabricated beam (2), the counter beam (32) corresponding to the notch (37) of the prefabricated drop-down unit (3) is supported on the steel bracket (12) of the prefabricated column (1), and the second beam steel bar (38) extends to the top of the prefabricated column (1); Step 3, laying a prefabricated floor slab (4) between any two adjacent prefabricated drop-down slab units (3) arranged at intervals, wherein the floor slab reinforcement (41) of the prefabricated floor slab (4) extends to the top of the prefabricated drop-down slab unit (3); Step 4, pouring concrete on the surface of the prefabricated floor slab (4) and at each node; Step 5, installing the wall (5), laying out the pipeline (6) in the drop plate area and laying the filling material; Step 6: Arrange and install sanitary equipment (7) and partitions (8) based on the pipeline (6).

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