A prefabricated public building toilet without support and its installation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a prefabricated public building toilet without bracing and its installation method. The prefabricated public building toilet without bracing mainly includes precast columns, precast beams, precast lowered slab units and precast floor slabs. The installation method includes the following steps: Step 1, arrange multiple precast columns according to an array, and hoist precast beams between any two adjacent precast columns on the left and right; Step 2, hoist the precast lowered slab unit between two adjacent precast beams in the front and back; Step 3, lay precast floor slabs between any two adjacent and spaced precast lowered slab units; Step 4, pour concrete on the surface of the precast floor slabs and at each joint; Step 5, install walls, lay pipelines and lay filling materials in the settlement area; Step 6, install sanitary equipment and partitions based on the pipeline layout. The present invention reduces the area of the sunken area of the public building toilet, reduces the backfill consumption, reduces the self-weight of the overall structure, realizes no bracing and no formwork at the construction site, reduces the cost and improves the efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of prefabricated buildings, and in particular to a prefabricated public building toilet without bracing. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in most public building toilets, squatting pan toilets are used. For the installation of squatting pan toilets, it is necessary to consider setting a water seal bend below them. Correspondingly, the toilet area needs to be designed as an overall sunken area compared with other areas, and then filled with lightweight materials or construction waste for filling and raising treatment.

[0003] With the popularization of prefabricated buildings, more and more buildings are currently constructed in a prefabricated manner. However, traditional prefabricated buildings have deficiencies in the design of public building toilets. The main reasons are as follows:

[0004] In the design of public building toilet areas of traditional prefabricated buildings, multiple precast slabs are still spliced together. In order to achieve sunken design, usually a corbel is set at the low position of the precast beam, and then a secondary beam is placed and then precast slabs are laid. The upper surface height of the precast slab is lower than the upper surface height of the precast beam to form a sunken space. However, there are gaps between adjacent precast slabs and between the precast slabs and the precast beam. Since sewage pipes are all arranged in the precast slab area, if the sewage pipe leaks, the sewage will flow along the gap to the lower layer space. In addition, since the precast slab is an overall large flat floor, when leakage occurs, due to the spread of sewage, it is impossible to lock the sewage leakage area, and the whole needs to be demolished for maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated public building toilet without bracing and its installation method. It is divided according to the position of the toilet bowl, and through an interleaved configuration method, a sunken pipe laying area and a non-sunken walking area are formed, and the sunken area is designed as an integrated precast dropped slab unit, effectively avoiding the occurrence of leakage caused by sewage leakage.

[0006] The present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: A prefabricated public building toilet without bracing, comprising

[0007] Prefabricated columns, there are multiple and distributed in a rectangular array. The top of the prefabricated column is provided with column steel bars extending upward and the side is provided with steel corbels;

[0008] Prefabricated beams, erected between any two adjacent prefabricated columns on the left and right and supported on the steel corbels. The left and right ends of the prefabricated beam are provided with first beam steel bars extending outward and the top surface is provided with first beam stirrups extending upward. A number of embedded supports are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the prefabricated beam on the front or / and rear side of the prefabricated beam;

[0009] The prefabricated dropped floor unit is erected between any two adjacent precast beams front and back. The main body is the bottom plate. On the left and right sides of the bottom plate, there are inverted beams extending upward respectively. On the front and back sides of the bottom plate, there are baffles extending upward respectively. The inverted beams and the baffles jointly enclose a dropped floor area. On the top of the inverted beam, there is a second beam stirrup extending upward. On the top of the baffle, there is a baffle steel bar extending upward.

[0010] The precast floor slab has floor slab steel bars extending outward on the left and right sides, and a strengthening unit extending in the left-right direction on the surface of the precast floor slab.

[0011] Among them, the prefabricated dropped floor unit is divided into a middle prefabricated dropped floor unit and an edge prefabricated dropped floor unit. At the bottom of the front and rear ends of the inverted beams on both sides of the middle prefabricated dropped floor unit, there are limit grooves matching the profile of the embedded support. At the bottom of the front and rear ends of one side of the inverted beam of the edge prefabricated dropped floor unit, there are limit grooves matching the profile of the embedded support. At the front and rear ends of the other side of the inverted beam, there are through gaps from top to bottom, and at the front and rear ends of this side of the inverted beam, there are second beam steels extending to the gaps.

[0012] The prefabricated dropped floor units are arranged adjacent to each other at intervals or adjacent to each other closely in cooperation with adjacent intervals. And when the prefabricated dropped floor units are arranged at intervals, a precast floor slab is erected between the two prefabricated dropped floor units arranged at intervals.

[0013] Concrete is poured on the surface of the precast floor slab and at each node, and walls are installed. Pipelines are laid in the dropped floor area and filling materials are laid. Sanitary equipment and partitions are installed based on the pipeline layout.

[0014] An installation method for a prefabricated public building toilet without support: includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1, a plurality of precast columns are arranged according to an array. A precast beam is hoisted between any two adjacent precast columns left and right, so that the precast beam is supported on the steel corbels of the precast columns, and the first beam steel extends to the top of the precast column.

[0016] Step 2, the prefabricated dropped floor unit is hoisted between two adjacent precast beams front and back. Among them, the limit groove of the prefabricated dropped floor unit corresponds and cooperates with the embedded support of the precast beam. The inverted beam corresponding to the gap of the prefabricated dropped floor unit is supported on the steel corbels of the precast columns, and the second beam steel extends to the top of the precast column.

[0017] Step 3, a precast floor slab is laid between any two adjacent prefabricated dropped floor units arranged at intervals, and the floor slab steel bars of the precast floor slab extend to the top of the prefabricated dropped floor unit.

[0018] Step 4, concrete is poured on the surface of the precast floor slab and at each node.

[0019] Step 5, walls are installed, pipelines are laid in the dropped floor area and filling materials are laid.

[0020] Step 6: Install sanitary equipment and partitions based on the pipeline layout.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. By arranging the prefabricated lowered slab units and prefabricated floor slabs at intervals, the public building toilet is divided into a sunken area and a non-sunken area. The pipelines are arranged in the sunken area and backfilled with filling materials, thus avoiding the problem of backfilling the entire public building toilet area with filling materials in the traditional method. This reduces the self-weight of the overall structure, decreases the consumption of backfill materials, and lowers the cost.

[0023] 2. The sewage leakage area is controllable. Compared with the traditional large-area sunken area, the sunken area of the present invention is divided into several independent sunken areas. When a sewage pipe leaks, the leaked liquid is generally restricted within the independent prefabricated lowered slab unit and will not leak downward. Since large-area diffusion does not occur, it is convenient to subsequently lock the prefabricated lowered slab unit where the leakage occurs. Moreover, the anti-seepage performance of the overall prefabricated lowered slab unit is significantly better than that of the traditional split prefabricated structure.

[0024] 3. The installation process realizes support-free and formwork-free construction, ensuring the installation efficiency and reducing the construction cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Is a schematic structural view of a precast column;

[0027] Figure 3 Is a schematic structural view of a precast beam;

[0028] Figure 4 Is a schematic structural view of an embedded support;

[0029] Figure 5 Is a schematic structural view of an edge prefabricated lowered slab unit;

[0030] Figure 6 Is a schematic structural view of a middle prefabricated lowered slab unit;

[0031] Figure 7 Is a schematic structural view of a precast floor slab;

[0032] Figure 8 Is a schematic view of Step 1 in the installation method;

[0033] Figure 9 Is a schematic view of installing a prefabricated lowered slab unit on a precast beam;

[0034] Figure 10Schematic diagram for installing precast floor slabs between precast lowered floor units;

[0035] Figure 11 Overall schematic diagram after the installation of the precast floor slab is completed;

[0036] Figure 12 For Figure 11 Schematic diagram for placing pipelines after pouring concrete on the basis of;

[0037] Figure 13 For Figure 12 Schematic diagram for installing a wall on the basis of;

[0038] Figure 14 Schematic diagram for completing the installation of sanitary equipment and partitions;

[0039] Figure 15 For Figure 14 Top view of.

[0040] Label description: 1 precast column, 11 column steel bars, 12 steel corbels, 2 precast beams, 21 first beam steel bars, 22 first beam stirrups, 23 embedded supports, 231 connecting plates, 232 bases, 233 limiting plates, 234 anchor bolts, 24 first keyways, 3 precast lowered floor units, 31 bottom plates, 32 inverted beams, 33 baffles, 34 second beam stirrups, 35 baffle steel bars, 36 limiting grooves, 37 notches, 38 second beam steel bars, 39 second keyways, 4 precast floor slabs, 41 floor slab steel bars, 42 strengthening units, 5 walls, 6 pipelines, 7 sanitary equipment, 8 partitions. Specific implementation manners

[0041] The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0042] As Figures 1-7 shown: A precast public building toilet without bracing includes

[0043] Precast columns 1, provided with multiple columns and distributed in a rectangular array, upward-extending column steel bars 11 are provided at the tops of the precast columns 1 and steel corbels 12 are provided on the sides;

[0044] Precast beams 2, erected between any two adjacent precast columns 1 on the left and right and supported on the steel corbels 12, outward-extending first beam steel bars 21 are provided at the left and right ends of the precast beams 2 and upward-extending first beam stirrups 22 are provided on the top surfaces, and a number of embedded supports 23 are provided on the front or / and rear sides of the precast beams 2 and arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the precast beams 2;

[0045] The prefabricated dropped floor unit 3 is erected between any two adjacent precast beams 2 in the front and back. Its main body is the bottom plate 31. Anti-beams 32 extending upward are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom plate 31, and baffles 33 extending upward are respectively arranged on the front and back sides of the bottom plate 31. The anti-beams 32 and the baffles 33 jointly enclose a dropped floor area; on the top of the anti-beam 32, a second beam stirrup 34 extending upward is provided, and on the top of the baffle 33, a baffle steel bar 35 extending upward is provided.

[0046] The precast floor slab 4 has floor slab steel bars 41 extending outward on the left and right sides, and a strengthening unit 42 extending in the left-right direction is provided on the surface of the precast floor slab 4.

[0047] Among them, the prefabricated dropped floor unit 3 is divided into a middle prefabricated dropped floor unit and an edge prefabricated dropped floor unit. Limit grooves 36 matching the contour of the embedded support 23 are provided at the bottom of the front and rear ends of the anti-beams 32 on both sides of the middle prefabricated dropped floor unit; limit grooves 36 matching the contour of the embedded support 23 are provided at the bottom of the front and rear ends of one side of the anti-beam 32 of the edge prefabricated dropped floor unit 3, and notches 37 penetrating up and down are provided at the front and rear ends of the other side of the anti-beam 32, and second beam steel bars 38 extending to the notches 37 are provided at the front and rear ends of this side of the anti-beam 32.

[0048] The prefabricated dropped floor units 3 are arranged adjacent to each other at intervals or adjacent to each other closely in cooperation with adjacent intervals. And when the prefabricated dropped floor units 3 are arranged at intervals, a precast floor slab 4 is erected between the two prefabricated dropped floor units 3 arranged at intervals.

[0049] Concrete is poured on the surface of the precast floor slab 4 and at each node, and the wall 5 is installed. Pipelines 6 are arranged in the dropped floor area and filling materials are laid, and sanitary equipment 7 and partitions 8 are installed based on the arrangement of the pipelines 6.

[0050] The precast columns and precast beams here both adopt conventional structures. The core of the present invention lies in the design of the prefabricated dropped floor unit 3. The prefabricated dropped floor unit 3 here is a groove structure, where the bottom plate is the bottom of the groove, and the anti-beams on the left and right sides and the baffles 33 on the front and back sides jointly enclose a dropped floor area; the anti-beam itself simultaneously plays the role of supporting the overall structure of the prefabricated dropped floor unit 3 and the role of enclosing. The baffle 33 only plays the role of enclosing. The dropped floor area in the middle is used to place pipelines later. Generally, each group of toilets is designed in separate areas, so the prefabricated dropped floor units 3 are also arranged at intervals; however, it is not guaranteed that there are no adjacent two groups of toilets, so there may also be adjacent prefabricated dropped floor units 3 arranged adjacent to each other, which can be specifically arranged according to the construction drawings. For the part that does not require a sunken area, the precast floor slab 4 can be directly laid. Since the anti-beam has a certain strength, the two sides of the precast floor slab 4 can be directly erected on the anti-beam.

[0051] The end face of the precast beam 2 is provided with a first keyway 24, and the end face of the inverted beam 32 corresponding to the notch 37 in the edge precast drop panel unit 3 is provided with a second keyway 39. Since these areas will all be beam-column joint areas in the follow-up and need to be post-cast with concrete, the reliability of the connection can be ensured by setting the keyways.

[0052] The embedded support 23 includes a connecting plate 231, a base 232, a limiting plate 233 and an anchor 234. The connecting plate 231 is vertically installed on the base 232, the limiting plate 233 is vertically installed on the front side of the connecting plate 231 and vertically installed on the surface of the base 232, and the anchor 234 is installed on the rear side of the connecting plate 231; the anchor 234 and the base 232 located on the rear side of the connecting plate 231 are cast in the precast beam 2, and the limiting plate 233 and the base 232 together form an inverted T-shaped support structure. This is a conventional support structure, and the main design point is that the support part presents an inverted T shape.

[0053] The baffle steel bars 35 are bent towards the adjacent precast beam 2. So that the precast drop panel unit 3 and the precast beam 2 can be stressed synergistically.

[0054] The sanitary equipment 7 includes one or several combinations of a toilet, a squat toilet, a urinal and a washbasin. It can be reasonably selected and arranged according to requirements.

[0055] As Figures 8-15 shown: An installation method for a precast public building toilet without supports includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1, arrange multiple precast columns 1 according to an array, hoist a precast beam 2 between any two adjacent precast columns 1 on the left and right, so that the precast beam 2 is supported on the steel corbels 12 of the precast columns 1, and the first beam steel bars 21 extend to the top of the precast columns 1;

[0057] Step 2, hoist the precast drop panel unit 3 between two adjacent precast beams 2 on the front and rear. Among them, the limiting grooves of the precast drop panel unit 3 are correspondingly matched with the embedded supports 23 of the precast beams 2, the inverted beam 32 corresponding to the notch 37 of the precast drop panel unit 3 is supported on the steel corbels 12 of the precast columns 1, and the second beam steel bars 38 extend to the top of the precast columns 1;

[0058] Step 3, lay precast floor slabs 4 between any two adjacent precast drop panel units 3 arranged at intervals, and the floor steel bars 41 of the precast floor slabs 4 extend to the top of the precast drop panel units 3;

[0059] Step 4, pour concrete on the surface of the precast floor slab 4 and at each node;

[0060] Step 5, install the wall 5, lay pipelines 6 and lay filling materials in the drop panel area;

[0061] Step 6: Install the sanitary equipment 7 and the partition 8 based on the pipeline 6.

[0062] The above-mentioned filling materials mostly use lightweight ceramsite, and the wall 5 can also use precast walls.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated public building toilet without support, characterized in that: include A plurality of prefabricated columns (1) are provided and arranged in a rectangular array, the top of the prefabricated column (1) is provided with a column reinforcement (11) extending upward and the side is provided with a steel bracket (12); A prefabricated beam (2) is erected between any two adjacent prefabricated columns (1) and supported on a steel corbel (12); the left and right ends of the prefabricated beam (2) are provided with first beam reinforcement bars (21) extending outwards and the top surface is provided with first beam stirrups (22) extending upwards; and a plurality of embedded support members (23) arranged in sequence according to the extension direction of the prefabricated beam (2) are provided on the front and / or rear side surfaces of the prefabricated beam (2); The prefabricated drop-down plate unit (3) is erected between any two front-to-rear adjacent prefabricated beams (2), the main body of which is a bottom plate (31), and the left and right sides of the bottom plate (31) are respectively provided with reverse beams (32) extending upward, and the front and rear sides of the bottom plate (31) are respectively provided with baffles (33) extending upward, the reverse beam (32) and the baffles (33) together enclose a drop-down plate area; the top of the reverse beam (32) is provided with a second beam stirrup (34) extending upward, and the top of the baffle (33) is provided with a baffle steel bar (35) extending upward; The prefabricated floor slab (4) is provided with floor slab reinforcement bars (41) extending outward on both left and right sides, and the surface of the prefabricated floor slab (4) is provided with reinforcement units (42) extending left and right; The prefabricated drop-down plate unit (3) is divided into a middle prefabricated drop-down plate unit and an edge prefabricated drop-down plate unit. The bottoms of the front and rear ends of the two side reverse beams (32) of the middle prefabricated drop-down plate unit are provided with limiting grooves (36) matching the contour of the embedded support member (23); the bottoms of the front and rear ends of the reverse beams (32) on one side of the edge prefabricated drop-down plate unit (3) are provided with limiting grooves (36) matching the contour of the embedded support member (23), the front and rear ends of the reverse beams (32) on the other side are provided with notches (37) that penetrate from top to bottom, and the front and rear ends of the reverse beams (32) on this side are provided with second beam reinforcements (38) that extend to the notches (37); The prefabricated drop-down plate units (3) are arranged in adjacent intervals or in close proximity with each other and in coordination with adjacent intervals, and when the prefabricated drop-down plate units (3) are arranged in intervals, a prefabricated floor slab (4) is arranged between two prefabricated drop-down plate units (3) arranged in intervals; Concrete is poured on the surface of the prefabricated floor slab (4) and at each node and a wall (5) is installed. Pipes (6) are laid in the drop-down area and filling materials are laid. Sanitary equipment (7) and partitions (8) are laid and installed based on the pipes (6).

2. A prefabricated public building toilet without support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the prefabricated beam (2) is provided with a first key groove (24), and the end surface of the counter beam (32) corresponding to the notch (37) in the edge prefabricated drop plate unit (3) is provided with a second key groove (39).

3. A prefabricated public building toilet without support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded support member (23) comprises a connecting plate (231), a base (232), a limiting plate (233) and an anchor (234); the connecting plate (231) is vertically mounted on the base (232); the limiting plate (233) is vertically mounted on the front side of the connecting plate (231) and vertically mounted on the surface of the base (232); and the anchor (234) is mounted on the rear side of the connecting plate (231); the anchor (234) and the base (232) located on the rear side of the connecting plate (231) are cast in the prefabricated beam (2); the limiting plate (233) and the base (232) together form an inverted T-shaped support structure.

4. The support-free prefabricated public building toilet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle steel bars (35) are bent in the direction of the adjacent prefabricated beams (2).

5. The support-free prefabricated public building toilet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sanitary equipment (7) includes one or a combination of a toilet, a squat toilet, a urinal and a basin.

6. The installation method of a prefabricated public building toilet without support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, arranging a plurality of prefabricated columns (1) according to an array, hoisting a prefabricated beam (2) between any two adjacent prefabricated columns (1) on the left and right, so that the prefabricated beam (2) is supported on the steel bracket (12) of the prefabricated column (1), and the first beam steel bar (21) extends to the top of the prefabricated column (1); Step 2, hoisting the prefabricated drop-down unit (3) between two front and rear adjacent prefabricated beams (2), wherein the limiting groove of the prefabricated drop-down unit (3) corresponds to the embedded support member (23) of the prefabricated beam (2), the counter beam (32) corresponding to the notch (37) of the prefabricated drop-down unit (3) is supported on the steel bracket (12) of the prefabricated column (1), and the second beam steel bar (38) extends to the top of the prefabricated column (1); Step 3, laying a prefabricated floor slab (4) between any two adjacent prefabricated drop-down slab units (3) arranged at intervals, wherein the floor slab reinforcement (41) of the prefabricated floor slab (4) extends to the top of the prefabricated drop-down slab unit (3); Step 4, pouring concrete on the surface of the prefabricated floor slab (4) and at each node; Step 5, installing the wall (5), laying out the pipeline (6) in the drop plate area and laying the filling material; Step 6: Arrange and install sanitary equipment (7) and partitions (8) based on the pipeline (6).

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