A deviation-preventing drilling device suitable for karst development areas and a method for using the same

Abstract

This invention discloses an anti-deviation drilling device and its usage method suitable for karst development areas, relating to the fields of geological exploration and geotechnical engineering construction technology. It includes a base with a support frame fixedly connected to the top. In this invention, both ends of the hydraulic push rod are fixedly connected to a guide rod, and a hydraulic cylinder is embedded inside the guide rod. When the motor drives drill rod one and drill rod two to rotate, the bearing rotates with drill rod two, while the fixing ring one does not rotate. The distance between the fixing ring two and the bearing can be adjusted by the hydraulic push rod one. The extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder can adjust the distance between one side of the detection plate and the inner wall of the borehole, thereby allowing one side of the detection plate to fit against the inner wall of the borehole, quickly straightening drill rod two and drill rod one, achieving an anti-deviation effect during drilling. An electromagnetic wave ranging sensor emits ultrasonic waves to detect the geology ahead of the borehole, determining whether there are karst caves ahead, facilitating timely avoidance of the drill bit, and reducing the risk of drill bit falling off during use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration and geotechnical engineering construction technology, specifically to an anti-deviation drilling device and its usage method suitable for karst development areas. Background Technology

[0002] Directional drilling is a unique pipeline construction technology. Its core lies in using large directional drilling rigs to achieve efficient pipeline installation through a series of precise operations such as positioning drilling, hole enlargement, hole cleaning, and pipeline pullback.

[0003] When drilling in areas with complex karst geology, the presence of numerous fissures and caves in the rocks makes it difficult to ensure the straightness and stability of the borehole using traditional drilling methods. This can easily lead to deviation in drilling direction, which affects project progress, increases construction costs, and raises safety risks for construction workers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anti-deviation drilling device and its usage method suitable for karst-developed areas, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, which make it difficult to guarantee the straightness and stability of the borehole, and easily lead to deviation drilling. Deviation drilling affects the progress of the project, increases the construction cost, and increases the safety hazards for construction personnel.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a drilling device for preventing deviation drilling in karst development areas, comprising a base, a support frame fixedly connected to the top of the base, a hydraulic push rod three fixedly connected to one side of the support frame, the bottom of the hydraulic push rod three penetrating the base, a housing fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, an auxiliary mechanism provided on one side of the housing, and a drilling mechanism provided on one side of the auxiliary mechanism. The drilling mechanism includes a connector, a drill rod one, and a fixing ring two. A motor is fixedly connected to the top of the connector, one end of the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the drill rod one, and the drill rod one is fixedly connected to... The connecting parts are rotatably connected. Drill rod 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of drill rod 1. Drill bit is installed at the bottom of drill rod 2. A bearing is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of drill rod 2. A fixing ring 1 is rotatably connected to the outer ring surface of the bearing. Fixing ring 1 and fixing ring 2 have the same structure. Guide rods are fixedly connected to the outer ring surfaces of both fixing ring 1 and fixing ring 2. A hydraulic cylinder is embedded inside the guide rod. A detection plate is fixedly connected to one end of the hydraulic cylinder. A pressure sensor is fixedly connected to one side of the detection plate. A hydraulic push rod 1 is provided on one side of the pressure sensor. Both ends of the hydraulic push rod 1 are fixedly connected to the guide rod.

[0006] Preferably, a connecting pipe is rotatably connected to an outer annular surface of the drill rod, and an extension plate is bolted to the connecting pipe. A detection ring is fixedly connected to one end of the extension plate.

[0007] Preferably, a protective frame is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the detection ring, an arc-shaped strip is fixedly connected to one side of the protective frame, and a buffer spring is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the protective frame, with a buffer plate overlapping one side of the buffer spring.

[0008] Preferably, one side of the buffer plate is slidably connected to the protective frame, a spring telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer plate, a placement plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring telescopic rod, and an electromagnetic wave ranging sensor is engaged at the top of the placement plate.

[0009] Preferably, a reinforcing plate is attached to one side of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor, one side of the reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the detection ring, and a mounting base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reinforcing plate, and the top of the mounting base is fixedly connected to the placement plate.

[0010] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism includes a support base, a second hydraulic push rod, and a steel wire rope. The bottom of the support base is fixedly connected to the support frame, one side of the support base is hinged to the second hydraulic push rod, and one end of the second hydraulic push rod is hinged to the frame.

[0011] Preferably, a steel wire rope is slidably connected to one side of the frame, and one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected to a connector.

[0012] Preferably, a control cabinet is fixedly connected to one side of the chassis, and the control cabinet further includes a data acquisition unit, an analysis and processing unit, and an intelligent control unit;

[0013] The data acquisition unit is used to receive detection data from the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor and the pressure sensor;

[0014] The analysis and processing unit is used to analyze and process the data collected by the data acquisition unit, remove noise and invalid information from the data, identify the processed data, and judge the current drilling status and the geological information ahead.

[0015] The intelligent control unit is used to issue control commands based on the judgment results of the analysis and processing unit to adjust the drilling direction and the position of the drill rod, and to receive the adjusted feedback information.

[0016] Preferably, the intelligent control unit includes an active avoidance module and an anti-deviation adjustment module;

[0017] The active avoidance module is used to detect the location of the cave ahead based on the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor, calculate the optimal avoidance path through a preset algorithm, and automatically adjust the drilling direction.

[0018] The anti-deviation adjustment module is used to determine whether there is any tilt or positional deviation of the drill pipe and drill bit based on the detection data of the pressure sensor. If so, it will make timely adjustments.

[0019] A method for using an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Based on geological survey data, preset the drilling trajectory and karst cave avoidance strategy, input the relevant information into the control system of the control cabinet, start the device to carry out drilling operations, when the control system detects that the position of drill rod two is offset, start the hydraulic cylinder on one side of fixed ring two and fixed ring one, use the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the position of the detection plate, so that one side of the detection plate is in contact with the inner wall of the borehole, move drill rod one and drill rod two in the opposite direction of tilting, complete the position adjustment, keep drill rod one and drill rod two in a vertical state and rotate, after adjustment, so that the drill bit can advance stably in the borehole;

[0021] S2. The electromagnetic wave ranging sensor is used to monitor the geological conditions ahead in real time. The data acquisition unit receives the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor, and then the analysis and processing unit analyzes and processes it. Based on the data processing results, it is determined whether there is a karst cave ahead. If there is a karst cave, the avoidance program of the active avoidance module is immediately activated to adjust the drilling direction of the drill bit.

[0022] S3. Based on the data feedback from the pressure sensor and electromagnetic wave ranging sensor during the drilling process, the control system continuously optimizes the drilling parameters. During the drilling process, the winch on one side of the frame drives the connecting parts and drill rod to move down, increasing the drilling depth.

[0023] S4. After reaching the predetermined depth, the drill bit stops drilling, and the winch is used to retrieve the drill bit before proceeding with subsequent operations.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. In this invention, both ends of the hydraulic push rod are fixedly connected to the guide rod. A hydraulic cylinder is embedded inside the guide rod. When the motor drives drill rod one and drill rod two to rotate, the bearing rotates with drill rod two, while the fixing ring one does not rotate. The distance between the fixing ring two and the bearing can be adjusted by the hydraulic push rod one. The distance between one side of the detection plate and the inner wall of the borehole can be adjusted by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, so that one side of the detection plate is in contact with the inner wall of the borehole, thereby quickly straightening drill rod two and drill rod one, achieving the anti-deviation effect during drilling, ensuring project progress, reducing construction costs, reducing safety hazards for construction personnel during construction, and ensuring the safety and efficiency of drilling operations.

[0026] 2. In this invention, the top of the placement plate is connected to the buffer plate via a spring telescopic rod. When the top of the protective frame is subjected to external force, the buffer spring applies force to the buffer plate, and the buffer plate drives the spring telescopic rod to compress, thus providing buffer protection for the top of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor. The electromagnetic wave ranging sensor emits ultrasonic waves to detect the geology in front of the borehole and determine whether there are karst caves in front, so that the drill bit can avoid them in time, thereby reducing the risk of the drill bit falling off during use.

[0027] 3. In this invention, the bottom of the support frame is fixedly connected to the base, and the bottom of the hydraulic push rod three penetrates the base. After the entire device is moved to the construction site, the hydraulic push rod three extends, so that the rubber pad at the bottom of the hydraulic push rod three passes through the base and fits against the ground to support the bottom of the device. The length of the hydraulic push rod three can be adjusted according to the hardness of the stratum, which makes it easy to change the support force at the bottom of the support frame and the base, thereby enhancing the stability of the device when used under complex geological conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a hydraulic pusher with three structures for an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the connecting parts of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit structure installation of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder structure installation of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of an arc-shaped strip structure for an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of an electromagnetic wave ranging sensor structure for an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a spring telescopic rod structure for an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a system block diagram of an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas according to the present invention.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1. Drilling mechanism; 11. Motor; 12. Connecting parts; 13. Drill rod one; 14. Detection ring; 141. Arc strip; 142. Protective frame; 143. Connecting pipe; 144. Extension plate; 145. Buffer spring; 146. Buffer plate; 147. Electromagnetic wave ranging sensor; 148. Placement plate; 149. Spring telescopic rod; 15. Drill rod two; 16. Bearing; 161. Fixing ring one; 162. Hydraulic push rod one; 17. Drill bit; 18. Fixing ring two; 181. Guide 1. Target rod; 182. Detection plate; 183. Pressure sensor; 184. Hydraulic cylinder; 2. Auxiliary mechanism; 21. Support base; 22. Hydraulic push rod II; 23. Frame; 24. Wire rope; 3. Chassis; 31. Control cabinet; 311. Data acquisition unit; 312. Analysis and processing unit; 313. Intelligent control unit; 314. Active avoidance module; 315. Anti-deviation adjustment module; 4. Support frame; 41. Hydraulic push rod III; 5. Base; 6. Mounting base; 61. Reinforcing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-5 As shown: A drilling device for preventing off-center drilling suitable for karst development areas includes a base 5, a support frame 4 fixedly connected to the top of the base 5, a hydraulic push rod 41 fixedly connected to one side of the support frame 4, the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 41 penetrating the base 5, a housing 3 fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 4, an auxiliary mechanism 2 provided on one side of the housing 3, and a drilling mechanism 1 provided on one side of the auxiliary mechanism 2. The drilling mechanism 1 includes a connector 12, a drill rod 13, and a fixing ring 18. A motor 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the connector 12, one end of the output shaft of the motor 11 is fixedly connected to the drill rod 13, the drill rod 13 is rotatably connected to the connector 12, and the bottom of the drill rod 13 is fixedly connected to... There is a drill rod 15, and a drill bit 17 is installed at the bottom of the drill rod 15. A bearing 16 is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the drill rod 15. A fixing ring 161 is rotatably connected to the outer ring surface of the bearing 16. The fixing ring 161 has the same structure as the fixing ring 18. A guide rod 181 is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of both the fixing ring 161 and the fixing ring 18. A hydraulic cylinder 184 is embedded inside the guide rod 181. A detection plate 182 is fixedly connected to one end of the hydraulic cylinder 184. A pressure sensor 183 is fixedly connected to one side of the detection plate 182. A hydraulic push rod 162 is set on one side of the pressure sensor 183. Both ends of the hydraulic push rod 162 are fixedly connected to the guide rod 181.

[0041] In this embodiment, the support frame 4 provides support and reinforcement for the bottom of the chassis 3 and control cabinet 31, and the base 5 assists in supporting the bottom of the support frame 4. The length of the hydraulic push rod 3 41 is adjusted so that the rubber pad at the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 3 41 contacts the ground, thus providing stable support for the bottom of the base 5. The motor 11 provides power for the rotation of the drill rod 13, and the connector 12 supports the bottom of the motor 11, ensuring stable installation and use. The distance between the fixing ring 161 and the fixing ring 18 can be adjusted by the hydraulic push rod 162, thereby changing the position of the fixing ring 161 on the outer ring surface of the drill rod 13. The bearing 16 connects the fixing ring 161 and the drill rod 15, so that when the drill rod 15 rotates, the bearing 16... 6. Rotation of the fixed ring 161 reduces the interference of the rotation of the drill rod 15 on the fixed ring 161. The fixed ring 18 can be used to reinforce the installation of the hydraulic cylinder 184. The guide arm structure is formed by the guide rod 181, the hydraulic cylinder 184 and the detection plate 182. The length of the entire guide arm can be adjusted by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 184, thereby driving one side of the detection plate 182 to fit against the inner wall of the borehole. The pressure sensor 183 installed on one side of the detection plate 182 can obtain the pressure applied by the detection plate 182 to the inner wall of the borehole. By the data difference of the pressure sensors 183 symmetrically set on both sides, it can be determined whether the drill rod 15 is tilted or offset, which facilitates the subsequent adjustment and straightening of the position of the drill rod 15. The adjusted drill rod 15 can be stably advanced in the inner wall of the borehole.

[0042] Example 2: According to Figures 1-8 As shown, a connecting pipe 143 is rotatably connected to the outer ring surface of drill pipe 13. An extension plate 144 is connected to the connecting pipe 143 by bolts. A detection ring 14 is fixedly connected to one end of the extension plate 144. A protective frame 142 is fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the detection ring 14. An arc-shaped strip 141 is fixedly connected to one side of the protective frame 142, and a buffer spring 145 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the protective frame 142. A buffer plate 146 overlaps one side of the buffer spring 145. A buffer plate 146 is slidably connected to one side of the buffer plate 142. A spring telescopic rod 149 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer plate 146. A placement plate 148 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring telescopic rod 149. An electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 is engaged at the top of the placement plate 148. A reinforcing plate 61 overlaps one side of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147. A reinforcing plate 61 is fixedly connected to one side of the reinforcing plate 64, and a mounting base 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reinforcing plate 61. The top of the mounting base 6 is fixedly connected to the placement plate 148.

[0043] The auxiliary mechanism 2 includes a support base 21, a hydraulic push rod 22, and a steel wire rope 24. The bottom of the support base 21 is fixedly connected to the support frame 4. One side of the support base 21 is hinged to the hydraulic push rod 22. One end of the hydraulic push rod 22 is hinged to a frame 23. A steel wire rope 24 is slidably connected to one side of the frame 23. One end of the steel wire rope 24 is fixedly connected to the connector 12.

[0044] In this embodiment, the rotatable connection between the connecting pipe 143 and the drill rod 13 ensures that the connecting pipe 143 does not rotate while the drill rod 13 rotates, thus guaranteeing the stable use of multiple protective frames 142 and reducing the movement interference of the drill rod 13 on the protective frames 142. Bolts connect the extension plate 144 to the connecting pipe 143, facilitating the disassembly and replacement of the extension plate 144 and the detection ring 14. The arc-shaped strip 141 connects multiple protective frames 142, reinforcing them. The buffer spring 145 provides cushioning to the top of the buffer plate 146. The spring telescopic rod 149 can buffer and protect the bottom of the buffer plate 146. When the buffer plate 146 moves up and down, the protective frame 142 can guide the buffer plate 146. The spring telescopic rod 149 buffers the bottom of the buffer plate 146, reducing the impact of the buffer plate 146 on the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147, thereby protecting the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147. The placement plate 148 and the mounting base 6 can support the bottom of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147, which facilitates the stable installation and use of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 on the side of the detection ring 14.

[0045] Meanwhile, the connection between the support base 21 and the support frame 4 can provide support for one side of the frame 23. The connection between the frame 23 and the support base 21 can be realized through the hydraulic push rod 22. The connection between the wire rope 24 and the connector 12 can assist the connector 12 in lifting and lowering on one side of the frame 23. The winch installed on one side of the frame 23 can drive the wire rope 24 to be wound and unwound, thereby adjusting the working height of the connector 12, which is convenient for the subsequent insertion and removal of the drill bit 17 inside the borehole.

[0046] Example 3: According to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9As shown, a control cabinet 31 is fixedly connected to one side of the chassis 3. The control cabinet 31 also includes a data acquisition unit 311, an analysis and processing unit 312, and an intelligent control unit 313. The data acquisition unit 311 is used to receive detection data from the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 and the pressure sensor 183. The analysis and processing unit 312 is used to analyze and process the data collected by the data acquisition unit 311, remove noise and invalid information from the data, identify the processed data, and judge the current drilling status and the geological information ahead. The intelligent control unit 313 is used to issue control commands based on the judgment results of the analysis and processing unit 312, adjust the drilling direction and the position of the drill rod, and receive the adjusted feedback information.

[0047] The intelligent control unit 313 includes an active avoidance module 314 and an anti-deviation adjustment module 315. The active avoidance module 314 is used to detect the location of the cave ahead based on the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147, calculate the optimal avoidance path through a preset algorithm, and automatically adjust the drilling direction. The anti-deviation adjustment module 315 is used to determine whether there is any tilt or positional deviation of the drill rod 15 and the drill bit 17 based on the detection data of the pressure sensor 183. If so, it will make timely adjustments.

[0048] Example 4: A method for using an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Based on the geological survey data, preset the drilling trajectory and karst cave avoidance strategy, input the relevant information into the control system of control cabinet 31, start the device to carry out drilling operations, when the control system detects that the drill rod 15 has a positional deviation, start the hydraulic cylinder 184 on one side of the fixing ring 18 and the fixing ring 161, use the hydraulic cylinder 184 to adjust the position of the detection plate 182, so that one side of the detection plate 182 is in contact with the inner wall of the borehole, move the drill rod 13 and the drill rod 15 in the opposite direction of the tilt, complete the position adjustment, keep the drill rod 13 and the drill rod 15 in a vertical state and rotate, after adjustment, so that the drill bit 17 can be stably advanced in the borehole;

[0050] Step 2: The electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 is used to monitor the geological conditions ahead in real time. The data acquisition unit 311 receives the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147, and then the analysis and processing unit 312 analyzes and processes the data. Based on the data processing results, it is determined whether there is a karst cave ahead. If there is a karst cave, the avoidance program of the active avoidance module 314 is immediately activated to adjust the drilling direction of the drill bit 17.

[0051] Step 3: Based on the data feedback from the pressure sensor 183 and the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 during the drilling process, the control system continuously optimizes the drilling parameters. During the drilling process, the winch on one side of the frame 23 drives the connecting piece 12 and the drill rod 13 to move down, thereby increasing the drilling depth.

[0052] Step 4: After reaching the predetermined depth, drill bit 17 stops drilling, and the winch is used to retrieve the drill bit before proceeding with subsequent operations.

[0053] The usage and working principle of this device are as follows: First, move the entire device to the vicinity of the construction site. Then, extend the hydraulic push rod 3 41 so that the rubber pad at the bottom of the hydraulic push rod 3 41 passes through the base 5 and is in contact with the ground. Then, use the control cabinet 31 to drive the winch on one side of the frame 23 to rotate, unwinding the wire rope 24, causing the connector 12 and drill rod 13 to move down, inserting the drill bit 17 into the hole. The motor 11 drives the drill rod 13 and drill rod 2 15 to rotate, using the drill bit 17 to perform drilling operations. During the drilling process, when the drill rod 13 and drill rod 2 15 remain vertical, one side of the detection plate 182 is in contact with the inner wall of the borehole, and the pressure sensor 183 receives pressure set to the initial pressure, allowing the drill rod 13 to... When drill rod 13 and drill rod 2 15 tilt due to drill bit 17 drilling into the rock fissure, the force exerted on the detection plate 182 in one direction by the inner wall of the borehole increases, while the force exerted on the detection plate 182 in the opposite direction decreases, causing one side of the detection plate 182 to separate from the inner wall of the borehole. At this time, after the control system in control cabinet 31 acquires the data, it can quickly determine that drill rod 13 and drill rod 2 15 are tilted based on the change in pressure data. Then, it drives the hydraulic cylinder 184 connected to the detection plate 182 with increased pressure to contract, and drives the hydraulic cylinder 184 in the opposite direction to extend, so that the detection plate 182 separated from the inner wall of the borehole is brought back into contact with the inner wall, thereby straightening drill rod 13 and drill rod 2 15.

[0054] During the drilling process, the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor 147 is used to detect the geological conditions ahead and determine whether there is a karst cave. If a karst cave is found, the preset avoidance program in the control cabinet 31 is activated in time to change the drilling direction of the drill bit 17, thereby reducing the risk of the drill bit falling off. After the drilling is completed, the drill rod 15 and the drill bit 17 are moved upward and quickly removed from the inside of the borehole to end the drilling operation.

[0055] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling device for preventing off-center drilling suitable for karst development areas, comprising a base (5), wherein a support frame (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (5), characterized in that: A hydraulic push rod three (41) is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame (4). The bottom of the hydraulic push rod three (41) passes through the base (5). A housing (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (4). An auxiliary mechanism (2) is provided on one side of the housing (3). A drilling mechanism (1) is provided on one side of the auxiliary mechanism (2). The drilling mechanism (1) includes a connector (12), a drill rod one (13), and a fixing ring two (18). A motor (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the connector (12). One end of the output shaft of the motor (11) is fixedly connected to the drill rod one (13). The drill rod one (13) is rotatably connected to the connector (12). A drill rod two (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drill rod one (13). A drill rod two (15) is installed at the bottom of the drill rod two (15). The drill bit (17) has a bearing (16) fixedly connected to the outer ring surface of the drill rod (15). The outer ring surface of the bearing (16) is rotatably connected to a fixing ring (161). The fixing ring (161) has the same structure as the fixing ring (18). The outer ring surfaces of both the fixing ring (161) and the fixing ring (18) are fixedly connected to a guide rod (181). A hydraulic cylinder (184) is embedded inside the guide rod (181). A detection plate (182) is fixedly connected to one end of the hydraulic cylinder (184). A pressure sensor (183) is fixedly connected to one side of the detection plate (182). A hydraulic push rod (162) is provided on one side of the pressure sensor (183). Both ends of the hydraulic push rod (162) are fixedly connected to the guide rod (181).

2. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the drill rod (13) is rotatably connected to a connecting pipe (143), and the connecting pipe (143) is connected to an extension plate (144) by bolts. One end of the extension plate (144) is fixedly connected to a detection ring (14).

3. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ring of the detection ring (14) is fixedly connected to a protective frame (142), an arc strip (141) is fixedly connected to one side of the protective frame (142), and a buffer spring (145) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the protective frame (142), and a buffer plate (146) overlaps one side of the buffer spring (145).

4. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buffer plate (146) is slidably connected to the protective frame (142) on one side. A spring telescopic rod (149) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the buffer plate (146). A placement plate (148) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spring telescopic rod (149). An electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147) is engaged at the top of the placement plate (148).

5. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147) has a reinforcing plate (61) attached to one side. The reinforcing plate (61) is fixedly connected to the detection ring (14) on one side. The bottom of the reinforcing plate (61) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (6), and the top of the mounting base (6) is fixedly connected to the placement plate (148).

6. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism (2) includes a support base (21), a hydraulic push rod (22) and a wire rope (24). The bottom of the support base (21) is fixedly connected to the support frame (4). One side of the support base (21) is hinged to the hydraulic push rod (22). One end of the hydraulic push rod (22) is hinged to a frame (23).

7. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: A steel wire rope (24) is slidably connected to one side of the frame (23), and one end of the steel wire rope (24) is fixedly connected to the connector (12).

8. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst development areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: A control cabinet (31) is fixedly connected to one side of the chassis (3). The control cabinet (31) also includes a data acquisition unit (311), an analysis and processing unit (312), and an intelligent control unit (313). The data acquisition unit (311) is used to receive detection data from the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147) and the pressure sensor (183); The analysis and processing unit (312) is used to analyze and process the data collected by the data acquisition unit (311), remove noise and invalid information from the data, identify the processed data, and judge the current drilling status and the geological information ahead. The intelligent control unit (313) is used to issue control commands based on the judgment results of the analysis and processing unit (312), adjust the drilling direction and the position of the drill rod, and receive the adjusted feedback information.

9. The anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The intelligent control unit (313) includes an active avoidance module (314) and an anti-deviation adjustment module (315). The active avoidance module (314) is used to detect the location of the cave ahead based on the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147), calculate the best avoidance path through a preset algorithm, and automatically adjust the drilling direction. The anti-deviation adjustment module (315) is used to determine whether the drill rod (15) and drill bit (17) are tilted or offset according to the detection data of the pressure sensor (183). If so, it will be adjusted in time.

10. A method for using an anti-deviation drilling device suitable for karst-developed areas, characterized in that: The anti-deviation drilling device for karst-developed areas according to any one of claims 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Based on the geological survey data, the drilling trajectory and cave avoidance strategy are preset. The relevant information is input into the control system of the control cabinet (31). The device is started to carry out drilling operations. When the control system detects that the drill rod 2 (15) has a positional deviation, the hydraulic cylinder (184) on one side of the fixing ring 2 (18) and the fixing ring 1 (161) is started. The hydraulic cylinder (184) is used to adjust the position of the detection plate (182) so that one side of the detection plate (182) is in contact with the inner wall of the borehole. The drill rod 1 (13) and the drill rod 2 (15) are moved in the opposite direction of the tilt to complete the position adjustment. The drill rod 1 (13) and the drill rod 2 (15) are kept in a vertical state and rotated. After adjustment, the drill bit (17) is stably advanced in the borehole. S2. The electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147) is used to monitor the geological conditions ahead in real time. The data acquisition unit (311) receives the detection data of the electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147). Then, the analysis and processing unit (312) is used to analyze and process the data. Based on the processing results of the data, it is determined whether there is a karst cave ahead. If there is a karst cave, the avoidance program of the active avoidance module (314) is immediately started to adjust the drilling direction of the drill bit (17). S3. Based on the data feedback from the pressure sensor (183) and electromagnetic wave ranging sensor (147) during the drilling process, the control system continuously optimizes the drilling parameters. During the drilling process, the winch on one side of the frame (23) drives the connecting piece (12) and drill rod (13) to move down, thereby increasing the drilling depth. S4. After reaching the predetermined depth, the drill bit (17) stops drilling, and the winch is used to retrieve the device before proceeding with subsequent operations.

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