A downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of vibrators, and specifically discloses a downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction, wherein two sets of upper and lower vibration structures are arranged in a vibration casing, and cooperate with a discharge groove opened in the vibration casing. During operation, the fluid discharged downward causes the vibration disk to move downward until it moves to the discharge groove, where the fluid is depressurized, and a large amount of fluid quickly flows into the piston cavity through the discharge groove, and pushes the guide column to move upward. Under the upward push of the guide column and the elastic reset action of the reset spring, the vibration disk is released upward to impact the vibration plug to generate a vibration, and the released fluid is used to gather and pressurize the vibration structure below, so that the upper and lower vibration structures can achieve continuous vibration effect, and a vibration detection component is added at the lower joint, and the working state of the drill tool is monitored in real time through the sensing structure, the fatigue degree of the drill tool is predicted, and the vibration information is adjusted based on the prediction result to reduce the wear of the drill tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibrators, and more specifically, to a downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction. Background Art

[0002] Compared with general wellbore structures, the significant characteristics of horizontal wells and extended reach wells are that they have a large frictional torque. Due to the large well deviation angle and long horizontal section, most of the self-weight of the pipe string in the large deviation section will press against the wellbore wall, increasing the downward resistance of the pipe string. Therefore, a large frictional force will be generated between the pipe string and the wellbore.

[0003] Therefore, when the pipe string is lowered into the well, the longer the length of the pipe string entering the well, the greater the frictional force between the pipe string and the wellbore to be overcome. The existence of the frictional force greatly reduces the effective weight on bit transmitted to the drill bit, reduces the drilling speed, greatly limits the lowering of the pipe string, and also causes wear of the pipe string.

[0004] In addition, the downhole drill string assembly will vibrate differently under the influence of alternating stress, and then cause fatigue damage. Therefore, in drilling operations, it is very necessary to predict and analyze the vibration fatigue of the drill string and improve the effectiveness of weight on bit transmission during the drilling process and reduce the friction between the bottom drill string and the wellbore through technical means.

[0005] For this reason, we propose a downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve existing practical problems and provide a downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction compared with the prior art.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction, including an upper sub, a lower sub, and a vibration sleeve connected between the two. Two sets of vibration structures are provided inside the vibration sleeve. A flow dividing plate is embedded and installed at the top of the vibration sleeve, and a vibration detection component is installed inside the lower sub;

[0008] The vibration structure includes a vibration component and a flow concentrating cylinder distributed vertically. The vibration component includes a vibration plug, a vibration disc, a guide post, a piston, and a return spring. The piston is fixed to the bottom end of the guide post. The return spring is sleeved outside the guide post. The flow concentrating cylinder is fixedly installed inside the vibration sleeve. A piston cavity for the piston to move up and down through is provided inside the flow concentrating cylinder. A plurality of overflow cavities penetrating towards the bottom of the flow concentrating cylinder are provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the piston cavity;

[0009] The inner wall of the vibrating sleeve is provided with drainage grooves in the up and down directions below the vibrating disk. The drainage grooves include a drainage expansion groove opened inside the vibrating sleeve and above the top of the flow concentrating cylinder. A plurality of downwardly arranged lower drainage chutes communicating with the inside of the piston chamber are opened on the peripheral end walls of the drainage expansion groove. A plurality of communication chambers for communicating with the lower drainage chutes are annularly opened at the bottom of the piston chamber;

[0010] The vibration detection assembly includes a detection cylinder fixedly installed at the upper end of the lower joint and a vibration head movably installed inside the detection cylinder. A vibration sensor is installed at the top of the detection cylinder through a vibration spring.

[0011] Further, the upper and lower vibration plugs are respectively divided into a vibration plug one and a vibration plug two. Among them, the vibration plug one is fixedly installed at the axial center of the flow dividing plate, and the vibration plug two is fixedly installed at the lower end of the upper flow concentrating cylinder through a fixing sleeve.

[0012] Further, a plurality of flow dividing holes are opened on the flow dividing plate, and a plurality of throttling holes penetrating up and down are opened on the end wall of the vibrating disk. The aperture of the throttling hole is smaller than the aperture of the flow dividing hole.

[0013] Further, a buffer disk having the same inner diameter as the vibrating sleeve and adjacent to the bottom of the drainage expansion groove is fixedly installed at the top end of the flow concentrating cylinder. A return spring penetrates through the buffer disk and is fixed to the top end of the flow concentrating cylinder.

[0014] Further, the drainage expansion groove is an annular structure extending outward along the inner wall of the vibrating sleeve, and the height of the drainage expansion groove is greater than the thickness of the vibrating disk.

[0015] Further, a drainage hole is opened at the bottom of each communication chamber, and the aperture of the drainage hole is smaller than the aperture of the throttling hole.

[0016] Further, the lower end of the vibration head penetrates through the bottom end of the detection cylinder and is fixedly connected to the drill tool end installed inside the lower joint.

[0017] Further, a plurality of induction electrode rings are distributed along the vertical direction inside the detection cylinder, and induction vibration rods adapted to the induction electrode rings are slidably installed on both sides of the top end of the vibration head.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] This scheme is to set two sets of upper and lower vibration structures in the vibration sleeve, and cooperate with the discharge groove opened in the vibration sleeve. When working, the fluid discharged downward causes the vibration plate to move downward until it moves to the discharge groove, where the fluid is depressurized, and a large amount of fluid quickly flows into the piston cavity through the discharge groove, and pushes the guide column to move upward. After a large amount of fluid above the discharge expansion groove is released, the vibration plate is pushed upward by the guide column and the elastic reset of the reset spring, and is released upward to impact the vibration plug to generate a vibration, and the released fluid is discharged downward to gather and pressurize the vibration structure below, so that the upper and lower vibration structures can achieve continuous vibration effect;

[0020] This solution adds a vibration detection component at the lower joint, and monitors the working status of the drill tool in real time through the sensing structure. When the drill tool at the bottom of the lower joint vibrates, it will drive the vibration head to move up and down. The vibration head transmits the vibration force to the vibration sensor through the vibration spring. The vibration sensor detects the axial vibration information. During the up and down movement of the vibration head, the side induction vibration rod moves horizontally and impacts the induction electrode ring on the inner end wall of the detection tube, and contacts and separates from the induction electrode rings at different heights, outputs electrical signals, obtains lateral vibration information, predicts the fatigue degree of the drill tool, and automatically adjusts the vibration frequency and amplitude based on the prediction results, thereby reducing the friction between the drill tool and the well wall and reducing energy consumption and wear during drilling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is an internal cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration sleeve of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vibration component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A bottom view of the flow collecting tube of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the focusing tube of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when working;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the downwardly moving fluid of the present invention pushes the vibrating plate downward;

[0029] Figure 9 It is an internal schematic diagram of the present invention when the vibrating disk is vibrating upward after the fluid is depressurized at the discharge groove;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure at the joint between the vibration detection component and the lower sub of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure:

[0032] 1. Upper sub; 2. Lower sub; 3. Vibration sleeve; 301. Drainage expansion groove; 302. Lower drainage chute; 4. Diverter plate; 401. Diverter hole; 5. Vibration plug; 51. Vibration plug one; 52. Vibration plug two; 6. Fixed sleeve; 7. Vibration disc; 701. Throttle hole; 8. Guide post; 801. Piston; 9. Return spring; 10. Converging cylinder; 101. Piston chamber; 102. Overflow chamber; 103. Connecting chamber; 104. Drainage hole; 11. Buffer disc; 12. Detection cylinder; 13. Vibration head; 14. Vibration sensor; 15. Vibration spring; 16. Inductive electrode ring; 17. Inductive vibration rod. Specific embodiments

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1: The present invention discloses a downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction. Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , which includes an upper sub 1, a lower sub 2, and a vibration sleeve 3 connected between the two. Two sets of vibration structures are arranged vertically inside the vibration sleeve 3. A diverter plate 4 is embedded and installed at the top of the vibration sleeve 3. A plurality of diverter holes 401 are opened on the diverter plate 4. A vibration detection component is installed inside the lower sub 2, and the vibration detection component is connected to the drill tool installed at the lower sub 2 to monitor the working state of the drill tool in real time through the sensing structure.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 、 Figure 5 , the vibration structure includes a vibration component and a converging cylinder 10 distributed up and down. The vibration component includes a vibration plug 5, a vibration disc 7, a guide post 8, a piston 801, and a return spring 9. The vibration disc 7 is movably installed inside the vibration sleeve 3. The piston 801 is fixed to the bottom end of the guide post 8. The return spring 9 is sleeved outside the guide post 8. The vibration plug 5 is located above the vibration disc 7. The converging cylinder 10 is fixedly installed inside the vibration sleeve 3. A buffer disc 11 with the same inner diameter as the vibration sleeve 3 and adjacent to the bottom of the drainage expansion groove 301 is fixedly installed at the top end of the converging cylinder 10;

[0036] The upper and lower vibration plugs 5 are respectively divided into a first vibration plug 51 and a second vibration plug 52. Among them, the first vibration plug 51 is fixedly installed at the axial center of the flow dividing plate 4, and the second vibration plug 52 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the upper converging cylinder 10 through a fixing sleeve 6.

[0037] The return spring 9 passes through the buffer disc 11 and is fixed to the top of the converging cylinder 10. A piston cavity 101 for the piston 801 to move up and down through is provided inside the converging cylinder 10. The piston 801 penetrates into the piston cavity 101 and moves up and down along the inner wall of the piston cavity 101. Please refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 , and a plurality of overflow cavities 102 penetrating towards the bottom of the converging cylinder 10 are provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the piston cavity 101;

[0038] Please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 , drain grooves are provided in the inner wall of the vibration sleeve 3 in the vertical direction below the vibration disc 7. The drain grooves include a drainage expansion groove 301 provided inside the vibration sleeve 3 and above the top of the converging cylinder 10. A plurality of downwardly arranged lower drainage chutes 302 communicating with the inside of the piston cavity 101 are provided on the peripheral end walls of the drainage expansion groove 301 to achieve the connection between the drainage expansion groove 301 and the bottom of the piston cavity 101;

[0039] Please refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 , a plurality of communication cavities 103 for communicating with the lower drainage chutes 302 are annularly provided at the bottom of the piston cavity 101. The provided drain grooves are used to drain and guide the pressure of the upper fluid when the vibration disc 7 reaches the lower limit of movement. Please refer to Figures 7 - 9 , when the upper fluid is quickly released, the vibration disc 7 can quickly reset upward under the action of the return spring 9 to vibrate the first vibration plug 51 above once.

[0040] A plurality of throttling holes 701 penetrating up and down are provided on the end wall of the vibration disc 7. The aperture of the throttling holes 701 is smaller than the aperture of the flow dividing holes 401. The fluid in the upper pipe string is discharged downward through the upper joint 1 and the flow dividing holes 401. Most of the fluid converges between the flow dividing plate 4 and the vibration disc 7. The vibration disc 7 moves downward under the fluid pressure of the downward drainage, causing the return spring 9 to be compressed. A small amount of fluid is then downwardly led out through the throttling holes 701 and converges inside the converging cylinder 10 along the drainage expansion groove 301 and the lower drainage chutes 302;

[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figures 7 - 9, the drainage expansion groove 301 is an annular structure that expands outward toward the inner wall of the vibration sleeve 3. The height of the drainage expansion groove 301 is greater than the thickness of the vibration disk 7. When the vibration disk 7 continuously moves downward under the action of the continuously discharging fluid pressure until it reaches the drainage expansion groove 301, the fluid is depressurized at this place, and a large amount of fluid quickly passes through the drainage expansion groove 301 and the lower discharge chute 302 and surges into the piston chamber 101, and pushes the guide post 8 upward;

[0042] After a large amount of the fluid above the drainage expansion groove 301 is released, the vibration disk 7 rebounds upward under the upward push of the guide post 8 and the elastic reset action of the return spring 9, and impacts the vibration plug 51 to generate a vibration. The fluid that surges into the piston chamber 101 pushes the guide post 8 upward and then discharges downward from the plurality of overflow chambers 102 to collect and pressurize the lower vibration structure;

[0043] In addition, drainage holes 104 are opened at the bottom of each communication chamber 103. The aperture of the drainage holes 104 is smaller than the aperture of the throttle holes 701. After the vibration disk 7 reaches the pressure relief and release, the fluid is discharged into the lower vibration structure through the plurality of overflow chambers 102. The fluid that is not discharged in the converging cylinder 10 is discharged downward through the plurality of drainage holes 104 and converges to the upper part of the lower vibration disk 7, pushing the lower vibration disk 7 downward. In this way, the upper and lower two vibration structures complete two vibration actions in the vibration sleeve 3, and the continuously discharging fluid enables the upper and lower two vibration structures to achieve a continuous vibration effect.

[0044] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, this embodiment optimizes the vibration detection component, specifically as follows:

[0045] Please refer to Figure 10 , the vibration detection component includes a detection cylinder 12 fixedly installed at the upper end of the lower joint 2 and a vibration head 13 movably installed in the detection cylinder 12. A vibration sensor 14 is installed at the top of the detection cylinder 12 through a vibration spring 15. The lower end of the vibration head 13 penetrates through the bottom end of the detection cylinder 12 and is fixedly connected to the drill bit end installed inside the lower joint 2;

[0046] A plurality of induction electrode rings 16 are distributed vertically inside the detection cylinder 12. Induction vibration rods 17 adapted to the induction electrode rings 16 are slidably installed on both sides of the top end of the vibration head 13. An activity groove for the horizontal movement of the induction vibration rods 17 is opened on the vibration head 13. The inner ends of the induction vibration rods 17 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the activity groove through buffer springs;

[0047] When the drill bit at the bottom of the lower joint 2 vibrates, the vibration head 13 is driven to move up and down. The vibration head 13 transmits the vibration force to the vibration sensor 14 through the vibration spring 15. The vibration sensor 14 detects the axial vibration information. During the up and down movement of the vibration head 13, the induction vibration rod 17 on the side of 13 moves horizontally, impacting the induction electrode ring 16 on the inner end wall of the detection tube 12, contacting and separating with the induction electrode ring 16 at different height positions, outputting electrical signals, and obtaining lateral vibration information.

[0048] Through data analysis, the system can timely predict the fatigue degree of the drill bit, and based on the prediction results, the ground control system will adjust the drilling parameters, such as drilling pressure and rotation speed, to reduce the impact of vibration on the drill bit. The ground control system will send instructions to the actuator of the hydraulic vibrator to adjust the fluid injection volume and pressure to adjust the vibration frequency and amplitude of the vibrator, thereby improving the effectiveness of drilling pressure transmission during drilling and reducing the friction between the bottom drill bit and the wellbore.

[0049] In summary, the present invention sets two sets of upper and lower vibration structures in the vibration sleeve 3, and the vibration structure includes vibration components and a focusing tube 10 distributed up and down, and cooperates with the discharge groove opened in the vibration sleeve 3. When working, the fluid discharged downward from the upper joint 1 prompts the vibration plate 7 to move downward until it moves to the top of the discharge groove, and the fluid is depressurized there. A large amount of fluid quickly flows into the piston cavity 101 through the discharge expansion groove 301 and the lower discharge groove 302, and pushes the guide column 8 to move upward. After a large amount of fluid at the discharge expansion groove 301 is released, the vibration plate 7 rebounds upward quickly under the elastic reset action of the reset spring 9 and the upward push of the guide column 8, and impacts the vibration plug 51 to generate a vibration. The fluid flowing into the piston cavity 101 is discharged downward by multiple overflow chambers 102 and the connecting chamber 103, and the vibration structure below is concentrated and pressurized, so that the upper and lower vibration structures can achieve continuous vibration effect;

[0050] In addition, a vibration detection component is added at the lower joint 2, and the working status of the drill tool is monitored in real time through the sensing structure. When the drill tool at the bottom of the lower joint 2 vibrates, it will drive the vibration head 13 to move up and down. The vibration head 13 transmits the vibration force to the vibration sensor 14 through the vibration spring 15. The vibration sensor 14 detects the axial vibration information. During the up and down movement of the vibration head 13, the inductive vibration rod 17 on the side moves horizontally, impacting the inductive electrode ring 16 on the inner end wall of the detection tube, contacting and separating with the inductive electrode ring 16 at different heights, outputting electrical signals, and obtaining lateral vibration information. According to the integrated analysis of the axial vibration information and the lateral vibration information, the fatigue degree of the drill tool is predicted, and the vibration frequency and amplitude are automatically adjusted based on the prediction result, so as to reduce the friction between the drill tool and the well wall and reduce the energy consumption and wear during the drilling process.

[0051] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention; according to the technical solution and its improved concept of the present invention, making equivalent substitutions or changes; should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction, comprising an upper sub (1), a lower sub (2) and a vibration casing (3) connected between the two, characterized in that: The vibrating sleeve (3) is internally provided with two groups of vibrating structures. A flow dividing plate (4) is embedded and installed at the top of the vibrating sleeve (3). A vibration detection component is installed inside the lower joint (2). The vibrating structure includes a vibrating component and a flow concentrating cylinder (10) distributed vertically. The vibrating component includes a vibrating plug (5), a vibrating disk (7), a guide post (8), a piston (801), and a return spring (9). The vibrating disk (7) is movably installed inside the vibrating sleeve (3). The piston (801) is fixed to the bottom end of the guide post (8). The return spring (9) is sleeved outside the guide post (8). The vibrating plug (5) is located above the vibrating disk (7). The flow concentrating cylinder (10) is fixedly installed inside the vibrating sleeve (3). A piston cavity (101) for the piston (801) to move up and down through is provided inside the flow concentrating cylinder (10). A plurality of overflow cavities (102) penetrating towards the bottom of the flow concentrating cylinder (10) are provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the piston cavity (101). The upper and lower vibrating plugs (5) are respectively divided into a vibrating plug one (51) and a vibrating plug two (52). Among them, the vibrating plug one (51) is fixedly installed at the axial center of the flow dividing plate (4), and the vibrating plug two (52) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the upper flow concentrating cylinder (10) through a fixing sleeve (6). Drainage grooves are provided on the inner wall of the vibrating sleeve (3) in the up and down directions and are located below the vibrating disk (7). The drainage grooves include a drainage expansion groove (301) provided inside the vibrating sleeve (3) and located at the top of the flow concentrating cylinder (10). A plurality of downwardly arranged lower drainage chutes (302) are provided on the peripheral end walls of the drainage expansion groove (301). A plurality of communication cavities (103) for communicating with the lower drainage chutes (302) are annularly provided at the bottom of the piston cavity (101). The vibration detection component includes a detection cylinder (12) fixedly installed at the upper end of the lower joint (2) and a vibration head (13) movably installed inside the detection cylinder (12). A vibration sensor (14) is installed at the top of the detection cylinder (12) through a vibration spring (15). The lower end of the vibration head (13) penetrates the bottom end of the detection cylinder (12) and is fixedly connected to a drill tool end installed inside the lower joint (2). A plurality of induction electrode rings (16) are distributed vertically inside the detection cylinder (12). Induction vibration rods (17) adapted to the induction electrode rings (16) are slidably installed on both sides of the top end of the vibration head (13).

2. The downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of flow dividing holes (401) are provided on the flow dividing plate (4). A plurality of throttle holes (701) penetrating up and down are provided on the end wall of the vibrating disk (7). The aperture of the throttle hole (701) is smaller than the aperture of the flow dividing hole (401).

3. The downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer disk (11) with the same inner diameter as the vibrating sleeve (3) and adjacent to the bottom of the drainage expansion groove (301) is fixedly installed at the top end of the flow concentrating cylinder (10). The return spring (9) penetrates the buffer disk (11) and is fixed to the top end of the flow concentrating cylinder (10).

4. The downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drainage expansion groove (301) is an annular structure extending outwards towards the inner wall of the vibrating sleeve (3). The height of the drainage expansion groove (301) is greater than the thickness of the vibrating disk (7).

5. The downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the bottoms of the communication cavities (103) is provided with a drainage hole (104), and the aperture of the drainage hole (104) is smaller than the aperture of the throttling hole (701).

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