A ring pick with spray and self-rotation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground coal mining, in particular to an annular pick with spray and self-rotation, comprising a tooth seat body, a bearing mechanism and an excavation mechanism; the bearing mechanism is composed of a gasket threadedly mounted on the inner wall of the tooth seat body, a locking bolt in the gasket, a water stop valve for preventing water level backflow of the locking bolt, and a locking assembly for facilitating rapid installation of the pick; the excavation mechanism comprises a loading assembly that is locked and movably connected with the locking assembly, a tooth sleeve on the loading assembly, a pick body threadedly connected to the tooth sleeve, a shock-absorbing member in the loading assembly for reducing the vibration impact force of the pick body, a spray assembly in the pick body for reducing the generation of coal powder, and a protective assembly on the pick body for preventing coal powder from damaging the spray assembly; through the cooperation of the spray assembly and the protective assembly, the invention can automatically spray water during excavation, effectively reduce the flying of coal powder, and improve the working environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground coal mining, in particular to an annular pick with spraying and self-rotation. Background Art

[0002] The pick is an important component of mining equipment and is mainly used in ore mining and coal mining operations. At present, the structure of the pick-shaped pick generally includes a pick, a carbide head and a base. During operation, the pick is subjected to a radial force and transmitted to the base. After a period of use, the base hole will deform and fail, resulting in a decrease in the matching accuracy between the pick shank and the base hole, an increase in the impact angle of the pick cutting into the coal seam or rock, an increase in working resistance, a decrease in cutting efficiency, an increase in cutting specific energy consumption, and an aggravated wear of the pick and base.

[0003] The patent application with publication number CN104989398A discloses a pick-shaped pick assembly for a mining machine, including a carbide head, a pick body, a retaining ring and a base, wherein the carbide head is fixed to the top of the pick body by brazing; the pick body consists of a pick body head and a pick shank, wherein the pick body head is in the shape of a truncated cone, and an annular convex tooth is provided at the bottom of the truncated cone, which cooperates with the annular groove at the top of the base, and the pick shank is in the shape of a cylinder, on which an annular groove is opened, and a retaining spring is arranged in this retaining groove and clamped in the groove of the base cavity; the carbide head and the pick body are provided with a wear-resistant layer on the periphery, and the wear-resistant layer is a metal carbide compounded with chromium, vanadium, niobium metal powders and non-metallic boron and carbon compound materials.

[0004] This device cannot effectively protect the pick body during coal mining, and cannot prevent coal ash dust from entering the pick body during mining and excavation. At the same time, this device cannot perform water atomization dust reduction treatment during mining and cannot protect the water atomization nozzle from coal ash dust from entering during the water atomization dust reduction treatment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an annular pick with spray and self-rotation, comprising a tooth seat body, and also comprising:

[0007] The bearing mechanism comprises a gasket threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the tooth seat body, a locking bolt threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the gasket, a water stop valve arranged on the inner wall of the gasket and used to prevent water level backflow of the locking bolt, and a locking assembly arranged on the gasket and used to install the pick body;

[0008] The excavation mechanism includes a loading assembly that cooperates with the locking assembly to be locked and movably connected to the locking assembly, a tooth sleeve fixedly arranged on the loading assembly, a pick body threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the tooth sleeve, a shock-absorbing member arranged in the loading assembly and used to reduce the impact force caused by the vibration of the pick body during coal mine cutting, a spraying assembly arranged in the pick body and used to reduce the coal powder generated when the pick body is excavated, and a protective assembly arranged on the pick body and used to reduce the damage caused by the coal powder to the spraying assembly.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the annular pick with spray and self-rotation as described in the present invention, wherein: the gasket and the locking bolt are respectively provided with water groove one and water groove two, the water groove one and water groove two are coaxially distributed, one end of the water stop valve three is fixedly connected to the gasket, and the other end of the water stop valve three is movably connected to the locking bolt.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the annular pick with spray and self-rotation as described in the present invention, the locking assembly includes a hollow cylinder arranged on the gasket, an annular groove is opened on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, a wedge block 1 for clamping the pick body is movably arranged in the annular groove, and the wedge block 1 is elastically connected to the hollow cylinder through a reset spring.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the annular pick with spray and self-rotation described in the present invention, the loading assembly includes a water-passing wheel movably arranged in a tooth seat body, a wedge block 2 for engaging with a wedge block 1 is fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the water-passing wheel, a pick anti-dropping block is fixedly arranged on the top of the water-passing wheel, an O-ring for limiting the outflow of water is sleeved on the outer wall of the pick anti-dropping block, the bottom end of the tooth sleeve is fixedly installed on the upper end of the pick anti-dropping block, the tooth sleeve is movably connected to the tooth seat body and a gap is left between the tooth sleeve and the tooth seat body.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the annular pick with spray and self-rotation described in the present invention, the spray assembly comprises a mounting collar threaded on the inner wall, a spiral guide plate for guiding the water flow is rotatably provided on the mounting collar, a water passage groove three and a water passage groove four are respectively provided on the mounting collar and the pick body, the water passage grooves two, three and four are coaxially distributed, a water stop valve two for controlling the flow of water is provided in the water passage groove three on the mounting collar, a nozzle is provided at the outlet end of the water passage groove four on the pick body, a water stop valve one is fixedly provided on the nozzle, and one end of the water stop valve one is movably abutted against the outlet end of the water passage groove four on the pick body.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the annular pick with spray and self-rotation described in the present invention, the shock-absorbing component includes a shock-absorbing spring, a placement groove is opened at the upper end of the gasket, one end of the shock-absorbing spring is fixedly installed on the gasket through the placement groove, the shock-absorbing spring is in a compressed state and applies thrust to the pick anti-dropping block through the gasket, so that the impact force of the pick body caused by vibration during coal mine cutting is reduced.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the annular pick with spray and self-rotation described in the present invention, the shock-absorbing component includes permanent magnet ring 1 and permanent magnet ring 2, the permanent magnet ring 1 is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the mounting ring, and the permanent magnet ring 2 is fixedly installed on the gasket, the permanent magnet ring 1 and the permanent magnet ring 2 are in a state of magnetic repulsion and the permanent magnet ring 1 applies thrust to the permanent magnet ring 2, so that the impact force on the pick body caused by vibration during coal mine cutting is reduced.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the annular pick with spray and self-rotation as described in the present invention, the protection component includes an alloy ring fixedly installed at the water outlet end, an opening and closing part installed on the alloy ring for preventing coal mine dust from entering the nozzle, and a driving part installed in the water stop valve for driving the opening and closing part to open or close.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the annular pick with spray and self-rotation described in the present invention, wherein: an abutment groove is provided on the alloy ring, the opening and closing part includes a fixed ring fixedly installed on the inner wall of the alloy ring and a driving ring rotatably arranged on the alloy ring through the abutment groove, the fixed ring is provided with a regular hexagonal slide groove, the driving ring is provided with a limiting groove, the opening and closing part also includes a valve plate, a slider and a limiting column are respectively fixed at both ends of the valve plate, the valve plate is slidably connected to the fixed ring through the slider, and the valve plate is slidably connected to the driving ring through the limiting column.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the annular pick with spray and self-rotation described in the present invention, a gear ring is fixedly provided on the bottom end of the driving ring, a water passage groove five is provided in the pick body and the water passage groove five is interconnected with the water passage groove four, a mounting sleeve is provided in the water passage groove five and the mounting sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the alloy ring, a float rising with the water level is provided in the mounting sleeve, abutment rods are symmetrically provided on the float, a rotating column is provided in the mounting sleeve, a curved slide groove is provided on the side wall of the rotating column for cooperating with the abutment rod and driving the rotating column to rotate when the float rises, a gear is provided on the top of the rotating column, and the gear meshes with the gear ring.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the annular pick with spray and self-rotation of the present invention, a three-way groove is opened on the side wall of the tooth seat body, and a water inlet valve is provided in the three-way groove for injecting water into the space formed by the supporting mechanism and the loading assembly.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention: By setting the shock-absorbing parts, the present invention can effectively reduce the impact force caused by vibration during the coal mine cutting process, thereby extending the service life of the pick and improving the stability of the excavation work. This design helps to alleviate the loosening or damage of the pick caused by long-term vibration, ensuring the efficient progress of the excavation work.

[0020] Through the cooperation of the spraying assembly and the protection assembly, the present invention can automatically spray water during the excavation process, effectively reduce the flying of coal powder, and improve the working environment. At the same time, the opening and closing parts and the driving parts in the protection assembly can automatically adjust the opening and closing state of the nozzle according to the change of water level, preventing coal mine dust from entering the nozzle to cause blockage or damage, thereby improving the self-cleaning ability and long-term operation reliability of the equipment.

[0021] The arrangement of the locking assembly and the loading assembly in the bearing mechanism makes the installation and removal process of the annular pick simple and quick. The arrangement of the wedge block 1 and the return spring structure in the locking assembly and the wedge block 2 in the loading assembly allows the present invention to be firmly fixed in the tooth holder body and is convenient for replacement or maintenance when necessary. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an annular pick with spraying and self-rotation in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an annular pick with spray and self-rotation in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the pick body in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nozzle in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the installation sleeve in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection component in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water stop valve 3 in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 2 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Gear seat body;

[0033] 2. Pick body; 201. Tooth sleeve; 202. Protection assembly; 2021. Fixed ring; 2022. Valve plate; 2023. Slider; 2024. Limiting column; 2025. Driving ring; 203. Nozzle; 204. Water stop valve 1; 205. Spiral guide plate; 206. Water stop valve 2; 207. Shock-absorbing spring; 208. Water-through runner; 209. Gasket; 2010. Water stop valve 3; 2011. Pick anti-drop block; 2012. O-ring; 2013. Locking bolt; 2014. Alloy ring; 2015. Mounting collar; 2016. Water inlet valve; 2017. Permanent magnet ring 1; 2018. Permanent magnet ring 2;

[0034] 301, mounting sleeve; 302, rotating column; 303, abutting rod; 304, floating ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides an annular pick with spray and self-rotation.

[0040] Specifically, it includes a gear seat body 1, and also includes:

[0041] The bearing mechanism includes a gasket 209 threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the tooth seat body 1, a locking bolt 2013 threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the gasket 209, a water stop valve 2010 arranged on the inner wall of the gasket 209 and used to prevent the water level of the locking bolt 2013 from flowing back, and a locking assembly arranged on the gasket 209 and used to quickly install the pick body 2;

[0042] The excavation mechanism includes a loading assembly that cooperates with the locking assembly to be locked and movably connected to the locking assembly, a tooth sleeve 201 fixedly arranged on the loading assembly, a pick body 2 threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the tooth sleeve 201, a shock-absorbing member arranged in the loading assembly and used to reduce the impact force caused by the vibration of the pick body 2 during coal mine cutting, a spraying assembly arranged in the pick body 2 and used to reduce the coal powder generated when the pick body 2 is excavated, and a protective assembly 202 arranged on the pick body 2 and used to reduce the damage of the spraying assembly caused by the coal powder.

[0043] The gasket 209 and the locking bolt 2013 are respectively provided with a water groove 1 and a water groove 2, and the water groove 1 and the water groove 2 are coaxially distributed. One end of the water stop valve 3 2010 is fixedly connected to the gasket 209, and the other end of the water stop valve 3 2010 is movably connected to the locking bolt 2013.

[0044] The threaded connection ensures the stability in the gear holder body 1. The coaxial design of the water channel 1 and the water channel 2 allows water to flow through, while the water stop valve 3 2010 prevents the water from flowing back when the locking bolt 2013 is loosened;

[0045] The locking assembly includes a hollow cylinder arranged on the gasket 209, an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, a wedge block 1 for clamping the pick body 2 is movably provided in the annular groove, and the wedge block 1 is elastically connected to the hollow cylinder through a reset spring.

[0046] Among them, in the design of the hollow cylinder and the wedge block 1, the elastic force of the return spring is used to enable the wedge block 1 to be clamped on the wedge block 2 of the loading assembly, so as to realize the rapid installation and locking of the pick body 2;

[0047] The loading assembly includes a water-passing wheel 208 movably arranged in the gear seat body 1, a wedge block 2 for cooperating with a wedge block 1 for clamping is fixedly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the water-passing wheel 208, a pick anti-dropping block 2011 is fixedly arranged on the top of the water-passing wheel 208, an O-ring 2012 for limiting the outflow of water is sleeved on the outer wall of the pick anti-dropping block 2011, the bottom end of the tooth sleeve 201 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the pick anti-dropping block 2011, the tooth sleeve 201 is movably connected to the gear seat body 1 and a gap is left between the tooth sleeve 201 and the gear seat body 1.

[0048] The movable design of the water wheel 208 enables it to rotate according to the needs of the excavation process. At the same time, the cooperation between the wedge block 2 and the wedge block 1 ensures the stable connection between the loading assembly and the locking assembly. The O-ring 2012 prevents water from flowing out of the outer wall of the pick anti-drop block 2011; the pick body 2 is fixed in the tooth sleeve 201 by threads, and the gap between the tooth sleeve 201 and the tooth seat body 1 allows a certain degree of mobility to adapt to the vibration during the excavation process.

[0049] The spray assembly includes a mounting collar 2015 threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the pick body 2, a spiral guide piece 205 for guiding the water flow is rotatably arranged on the mounting collar 2015, a water channel three and a water channel four are respectively provided on the mounting collar 2015 and the pick body 2, the water channel two, the water channel three and the water channel four are coaxially distributed, a water stop valve two 206 for controlling the water flow is arranged in the water channel three arranged on the mounting collar 2015, a nozzle 203 is arranged at the outlet end of the water channel four arranged on the pick body 2, a water stop valve one 204 is fixedly arranged on the nozzle 203, and one end of the water stop valve one 204 is movably abutted against the water outlet end of the water channel four arranged on the pick body 2.

[0050] The mounting collar 2015 is rotatably mounted in the pick body 2, so that the spiral guide piece 205 can guide the water flow in a specific direction, and the water stop valve 206 and the water stop valve 1 204 respectively control the water flow through the mounting collar 2015 and the water channel of the pick body 2, thereby realizing precise control of the water flow. The nozzle 203 sprays the water flow in a specific direction to assist the excavation process;

[0051] The shock absorbing component includes a shock absorbing spring 207, and a placement groove is opened at the upper end of the gasket 209. One end of the shock absorbing spring 207 is fixedly installed on the gasket 209 through the placement groove. The shock absorbing spring 207 is in a compressed state and applies a thrust to the pick anti-dropping block 2011 through the gasket 209, so that the pick body 2 can reduce the impact force of vibration during the coal mine cutting process.

[0052] In summary, first, the pick body 2 is fixed to the tooth sleeve 201 by threads, and then the loading assembly is matched with the locking assembly, and the wedge block 1 and the wedge block 2 are clamped to achieve rapid installation and locking of the pick; the locking bolt 2013 is fixed to the gasket 209 by threads, and the water stop valve 3 2010 ensures that the water will not flow back when the locking bolt 2013 is loosened; during the excavation process, the pick body 2 is movably connected with the tooth seat body 1 through the tooth sleeve 201, which can adapt to the vibration during the excavation process; the shock-absorbing spring 207 applies thrust to the pick anti-drop block 2011 to reduce the vibration impact force on the pick body 2, thereby protecting the pick and the excavation equipment; the water flows through the water groove 1 on the gasket 209, the water groove 2 on the locking bolt 2013, the water groove 3 on the installation ring 2015, and the water groove 4 on the pick body 2, and finally sprays out through the nozzle 203; the spiral guide piece 205 guides the water flow to flow in a specific direction, and under the drive of the water flow, the spiral guide piece 205 can achieve self-rotation, thereby enhancing the excavation effect. The water stop valve 206 and the water stop valve 1 204 respectively control the water flow through the installation ring 2015 and the water groove of the pick body 2 to achieve precise control of the water flow; and when the tooth seat body 1 needs to be replaced, the locking bolt 2013 is loosened, and the elastic force of the reset spring is used to separate the wedge block 1 from the wedge block 2, thereby quickly unloading the tooth seat body 1, and thereafter, the above installation and locking steps are repeated to install a new tooth seat body 1.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Reference Figure 7 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is implemented based on the previous embodiment.

[0055] Specifically, the shock-absorbing component includes a permanent magnet ring 1 2017 and a permanent magnet ring 2018. The permanent magnet ring 1 2017 is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the mounting ring 2015, and the permanent magnet ring 2018 is fixedly installed on the gasket 209. The permanent magnet ring 1 2017 and the permanent magnet ring 2 2018 are in a state of magnetic repulsion and the permanent magnet ring 1 2017 applies a thrust to the permanent magnet ring 2 2018, so that the cutting tooth body 2 reduces the impact force of vibration during coal mine cutting.

[0056] Among them, in the original design of the shock-absorbing component, the reset spring is used to reduce the vibration impact force that the pick body 2 is subjected to during the excavation process. In this embodiment, the shock-absorbing component is replaced by a magnetic coupling connection structure composed of a permanent magnet ring 1 2017 and a permanent magnet ring 2 2018; the permanent magnet ring 1 2017 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the mounting ring 2015 and moves with the pick body 2; the permanent magnet ring 2 2018 is fixedly installed on the gasket 209 and remains stationary; the permanent magnet ring 1 2017 and the permanent magnet ring 2 2018 are in a state of magnetic repulsion, that is, when the two are close, a mutually repulsive force will be generated between them. This repulsive force is used to provide an upward thrust to the pick body 2, thereby reducing the vibration impact force it is subjected to during the excavation process.

[0057] In summary, during the excavation process, the pick body 2 will be subjected to the reaction force from the coal mine rock formation, resulting in vibration and impact force. These vibrations and impact forces will be transmitted to the mounting ring 2015, and then to the permanent magnet ring 1 2017; due to the magnetic repulsion between the permanent magnet ring 1 2017 and the permanent magnet ring 2 2018, when the pick body 2 is subjected to vibration and impact force, the permanent magnet ring 1 2017 will try to approach the permanent magnet ring 2 2018. However, due to the magnetic repulsion between the two, the permanent magnet ring 1 2017 will be subjected to an upward thrust. This thrust is opposite to the direction of the vibration and impact force received by the pick body 2, thereby reducing the vibration and impact of the pick body 2; compared with the shock-absorbing spring 207 in Example 1, the magnetic coupling connection structure can provide a more stable and lasting shock-absorbing effect. Because the magnetic repulsion is a continuous force, and the return spring will gradually lose its elasticity over time, the magnetic coupling connection structure does not require additional springs or elastic elements, thereby simplifying the structure of the device and reducing manufacturing costs. Since the magnetic coupling connection structure does not rely on the elastic deformation of the spring to provide a cushioning effect, it is less susceptible to wear or damage, thereby improving the reliability of the device. At the same time, the magnetic coupling connection structure is relatively simple, so it is easier to maintain and inspect. When replacement or repair is required, it can also be completed more conveniently and quickly.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] Reference Figure 2 to Figure 6 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment is implemented based on the previous embodiment.

[0060] Specifically, the protection component 202 includes an alloy ring 2014 fixedly mounted on the water outlet end of the pick body 2, an opening and closing member mounted on the alloy ring 2014 for preventing coal mine dust from entering the nozzle 203, and a driving member mounted in the water stop valve 204 for driving the opening and closing member to open or close.

[0061] The alloy ring 2014 serves as the basis of the protection assembly 202. The alloy ring 2014 is fixedly mounted on the water outlet end of the pick body 2, providing a platform for mounting the opening and closing parts and the driving parts.

[0062] The alloy ring 2014 is provided with an abutment groove, and the opening and closing part includes a fixed ring 2021 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the alloy ring 2014 and a driving ring 2025 rotatably arranged on the alloy ring 2014 through the abutment groove. The fixed ring 2021 is provided with a regular hexagonal sliding groove, and the driving ring 2025 is provided with a limiting groove. The opening and closing part also includes a valve plate 2022, and a slider 2023 and a limiting column 2024 are respectively fixed at both ends of the valve plate 2022. The valve plate 2022 is slidably connected to the fixed ring 2021 through the slider 2023, and the valve plate 2022 is slidably connected to the driving ring 2025 through the limiting column 2024.

[0063] Among them, the fixed ring 2021 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the alloy ring 2014, and the regular hexagonal sliding groove opened thereon provides a sliding track for the slider 2023; the driving ring 2025 is rotatably arranged on the alloy ring 2014 through the abutment groove, and the limiting groove opened thereon cooperates with the limiting column 2024 to limit the rotation range of the valve plate 2022; and the valve plate 2022 is slidably connected with the fixed ring 2021 and the driving ring 2025 respectively through the slider 2023 and the limiting column 2024 to form an opening and closing structure.

[0064] A gear ring is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the driving ring 2025, a water passage groove five is provided in the pick body 2 and the water passage groove five is interconnected with the water passage groove four, a mounting sleeve 301 is provided in the water passage groove five and the mounting sleeve 301 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the alloy ring 2014, a float 304 which rises with the water level is provided in the mounting sleeve 301, abutment rods 303 are symmetrically provided on the float 304, a rotating column 302 is provided in the mounting sleeve 301, a curved slide groove which cooperates with the abutment rod 303 and the float 304 to drive the rotating column 302 to rotate when the abutment rod 303 and the float 304 rise is provided on the side wall of the rotating column 302, a gear is provided at the top of the rotating column 302, and the gear meshes with the gear ring.

[0065] Among them, the float 304 rises with the rising water level, and the abutment rod 303 symmetrically arranged on it is used to promote the rotation of the rotating column 302; hereby, the curved slide groove opened on the side wall of the rotating column 302 cooperates with the abutment rod 303, and when the float 304 rises, the abutment rod 303 slides along the curved slide groove, driving the rotating column 302 to rotate; and the gear is arranged at the top of the rotating column 302, meshing with the gear ring at the bottom end of the driving ring 2025, converting the rotation of the rotating column 302 into the rotation of the driving ring 2025.

[0066] A three-way groove is provided on the side wall of the gear seat body 1, and a water inlet valve 2016 is provided in the three-way groove for injecting water into the space formed by the bearing mechanism and the loading assembly.

[0067] When the water level is low, the float 304 is at a low position, and the abutment rod 303 does not contact the curved groove of the rotating column 302. At this time, the drive ring 2025 is at a certain initial position, and the valve plate 2022 is in a closed state, preventing coal mine dust from entering the nozzle 203. As the water level rises, the float 304 rises accordingly, and the abutment rod 303 begins to contact and slide along the curved groove of the rotating column 302. In this process, the rotating column 302 is pushed by the abutment rod 303 to rotate, thereby driving the gear at its top to rotate; the rotating gear meshes with the toothed ring at the bottom of the drive ring 2025, thereby driving the drive ring 2025 to rotate. Since the drive ring 2025 cooperates with the limit column 2024 of the valve plate 2022 through the limit groove, the rotation of the drive ring 2025 will drive the valve plate 2022 to slide along the regular hexagonal slide groove of the fixed ring 2021, thereby realizing the opening of the valve plate 2022; when the valve plate 2022 is opened, water can enter the nozzle 203 through water grooves four and five for spraying. At the same time, since when the valve plate 2022 is opened, water mist will be sprayed through the nozzle 203 to form a water mist barrier, which also prevents coal mine dust from entering the nozzle 203; when the water level drops, the float 304 drops accordingly, and the abutment rod 303 is out of contact with the curved slide groove of the rotating column 302. At this time, the rotating column 302, the gear and the drive ring 2025 are reset, thereby driving the valve plate 2022 back to the closed state;

[0068] By linking the float 304 with the water level change, the automatic opening and closing of the valve plate 2022 is realized, which effectively prevents coal mine dust from entering the nozzle 203 and ensures the normal progress of the spraying operation; the entire protection component 202 is compactly designed, the components fit closely together, occupy a small space, and are easy to install and maintain; at the same time, the protection component 202 can automatically adjust the opening and closing state according to different water levels, has strong adaptability, and is suitable for a variety of excavation operation environments; and by automatically opening and closing the valve plate 2022, manual intervention is avoided, the operation efficiency is improved, and the labor intensity is reduced.

[0069] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ring-shaped pick with spray and self-rotation, comprising a tooth seat body (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A bearing mechanism, comprising a gasket (209) threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the tooth seat body (1), a locking bolt (2013) threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the gasket (209), a water stop valve (2010) arranged on the inner wall of the gasket (209) and used to prevent water level backflow of the locking bolt (2013), and a locking assembly arranged on the gasket (209) and used to install the pick body (2); A tunneling mechanism comprises a loading assembly that cooperates with the locking assembly to be locked and movably connected to the locking assembly, a tooth sleeve (201) fixedly arranged on the loading assembly, a pick body (2) threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the tooth sleeve (201), a shock-absorbing member arranged in the loading assembly and used to reduce the impact force caused by the vibration of the pick body (2) during coal mine cutting, a spraying assembly arranged in the pick body (2) and used to reduce the generation of coal powder when the pick body (2) is tunneling, and a protective assembly (202) arranged on the pick body (2) and used to reduce the damage caused by the coal powder to the spraying assembly.

2. The annular pick with spray and self-rotation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The gasket (209) and the locking bolt (2013) are respectively provided with a water groove 1 and a water groove 2, and the water groove 1 and the water groove 2 are coaxially distributed. One end of the water stop valve 3 (2010) is fixedly connected to the gasket (209), and the other end of the water stop valve 3 (2010) is movably connected to the locking bolt (2013).

3. The annular pick with spray and self-rotation as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises a hollow cylinder arranged on the gasket (209), an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, a wedge block 1 for clamping the pick body (2) is movably arranged in the annular groove, and the wedge block 1 is elastically connected to the hollow cylinder via a return spring.

4. The annular pick with spray and self-rotation as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The loading assembly comprises a water-passing wheel (208) movably arranged in a gear seat body (1); a wedge block 2 for engaging with a wedge block 1 is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the water-passing wheel (208); a pick anti-dropping block (2011) is fixedly arranged on the top of the water-passing wheel (208); an O-ring (2012) for limiting water flow out is sleeved on the outer wall of the pick anti-dropping block (2011); the bottom end of the tooth sleeve (201) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the pick anti-dropping block (2011); the tooth sleeve (201) is movably connected to the gear seat body (1) and a gap is left between the tooth sleeve (201) and the gear seat body (1).

5. The annular pick with spray and self-rotation as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The spray assembly comprises a mounting collar (2015) threadedly arranged on the inner wall of the pick body (2); a spiral guide plate (205) for guiding water flow is rotatably arranged on the mounting collar (2015); a water passage groove three and a water passage groove four are respectively arranged on the mounting collar (2015) and the pick body (2); the water passage grooves two, three and four are coaxially distributed; a water stop valve two (206) for controlling the passage of water is arranged in the water passage groove three arranged on the mounting collar (2015); a nozzle (203) is arranged at the outlet end of the water passage groove four arranged on the pick body (2); a water stop valve one (204) is fixedly arranged on the nozzle (203); one end of the water stop valve one (204) is movably abutted against the outlet end of the water passage groove four arranged on the pick body (2).

6. The annular pick with spray and self-rotation as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The shock absorbing component comprises a shock absorbing spring (207), a placement groove is provided at the upper end of the gasket (209), one end of the shock absorbing spring (207) is fixedly mounted on the gasket (209) through the placement groove, the shock absorbing spring (207) is in a compressed state and applies a thrust to the pick anti-dropping block (2011) through the gasket (209), so that the pick body (2) is reduced in the impact force of vibration during the coal mine cutting process.

7. The annular pick with spray and self-rotation as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The shock absorbing component comprises a permanent magnet ring 1 (2017) and a permanent magnet ring 2 (2018); the permanent magnet ring 1 (2017) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the mounting ring (2015); the permanent magnet ring 2 (2018) is fixedly mounted on a gasket (209); the permanent magnet ring 1 (2017) and the permanent magnet ring 2 (2018) are in a state of magnetic repulsion and the permanent magnet ring 1 (2017) applies a thrust to the permanent magnet ring 2 (2018), so that the impact force on the pick body (2) caused by vibration during coal mine cutting is reduced.

8. The annular pick with spray and self-rotation as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The protection component (202) comprises an alloy ring (2014) fixedly mounted on the water outlet end of the pick body (2), an opening and closing member mounted on the alloy ring (2014) for preventing coal mine dust from entering the nozzle (203), and a driving member mounted in the water stop valve (204) for driving the opening and closing member to open or close.

9. The annular pick with spray and self-rotation as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The alloy ring (2014) is provided with an abutment groove, and the opening and closing member comprises a fixed ring (2021) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the alloy ring (2014) and a driving ring (2025) rotatably arranged on the alloy ring (2014) through the abutment groove, the fixed ring (2021) is provided with a regular hexagonal sliding groove, and the driving ring (2025) is provided with a limiting groove, and the opening and closing member also comprises a valve plate (2022), and a slider (2023) and a limiting column (2024) are fixedly provided at both ends of the valve plate (2022), and the valve plate (2022) is slidably connected to the fixed ring (2021) through the slider (2023), and the valve plate (2022) is slidably connected to the driving ring (2025) through the limiting column (2024).

10. The annular pick with spray and self-rotation as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: A gear ring is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the driving ring (2025); a water channel five is provided in the pick body (2) and the water channel five is connected to the water channel four; a mounting sleeve (301) is provided in the water channel five and the mounting sleeve (301) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the alloy ring (2014); a floating ball (304) that rises with the water level is provided in the mounting sleeve (301); an abutment rod (303) is symmetrically provided on the floating ball (304); a rotating column (302) is provided in the mounting sleeve (301); a curved sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the rotating column (302) for driving the rotating column (302) to rotate when the abutment rod (303) and the floating ball (304) rise; a gear is provided at the top of the rotating column (302) and the gear meshes with the gear ring.

11. The annular pick with spray and self-rotation as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that: A three-way groove is provided on the side wall of the gear seat body (1), and a water inlet valve (2016) is provided in the three-way groove for injecting water into the space formed by the bearing mechanism and the loading assembly.

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