A closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face

Abstract

The present invention discloses a closed dust removal system for a fully mechanized mining face, comprising a main control box, a dust baffle device, an onboard dust removal device, and a hydraulic support dust isolation device. Two sets of dust baffle devices are respectively installed on the drum rocker arm of the coal mining machine, each comprising a dust baffle, an atomizing nozzle I, a thickness sensor, and a vibrating dust cleaning mechanism. The onboard dust removal device comprises a cyclonic dust suction mechanism, a wet blower, a filter box, and an air outlet duct. The hydraulic support dust isolation device comprises a turntable base, an intelligent tracking camera mounted and connected to the turntable base via a support frame, an air atomizing knife-shaped nozzle, an air curtain nozzle II, and a compressed air source. The present invention has a high degree of automation and high dust capture efficiency. It can not only reduce the dust diffusion range and realize the recovery and utilization of coal dust, but also reduce water waste, maintain a dry environment on the sidewalk, and optimize the working environment of the fully mechanized mining face. It is particularly suitable for dust control in fully mechanized mining faces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a mine dust removal system, in particular to a closed dust removal system for a fully mechanized mining working face, and belongs to the technical field of mine dust removal. Background Art

[0002] Dust is an unavoidable problem during mining operations. It is primarily generated by production activities such as blasting, mechanical chiseling, cutting, friction, and vibration. This dust, consisting of fine particles of solid matter such as rock dust and mineral dust, is collectively referred to as mine dust or simply "mining dust." Mine dust is primarily generated during drilling and blasting, crushing, screening, and conveying, transportation, and relocation, particularly in fully mechanized mining faces. Data shows that without any dust suppression measures, every ton of coal cut typically produces 100 to 150 grams of coal dust. Long-term working conditions under these conditions can severely endanger miners, leading to pneumoconiosis and serious health risks. Furthermore, high concentrations of dust, carried by wind, further deteriorate working conditions in mines, severely reducing visibility at the working face. This not only reduces miner productivity and increases the risk of various work-related accidents, but also poses a potential risk of coal dust explosions, threatening mine safety.

[0003] Dust removal technologies in mines typically include spray dust suppression, vacuum dust collection, filtration dust removal, and high-voltage electrostatic dust removal. The primary dust control method for fully mechanized mining faces is spray dust suppression. While this method can reduce dust concentration in the workspace to a certain extent, it has significant limitations: 1. While spray dust suppression can reduce dust concentration in the air, it consumes a significant amount of water, resulting in a waste of resources. 2. The presence of a large amount of water in the working environment can easily diffuse onto the sidewalks and accumulate to a certain depth, worsening the working environment. 3. A single spray dust suppression method is inefficient and difficult to completely capture all dust, especially for fine coal dust. 4. Existing spray dust suppression systems are limited to reducing dust concentration and are unable to recover or treat dust. Over time, some dust adheres to the surface of equipment or settles in the workplace, preventing it from being completely removed, impacting equipment operation and environmental quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working faces, which has a high degree of automation and high dust capture efficiency. It can not only reduce the diffusion range of dust and realize the recovery and utilization of coal powder, but also reduce the waste of water resources, maintain a dry environment on the side of the sidewalk, and optimize the working environment of the fully mechanized mining working face. It is particularly suitable for dust control in fully mechanized mining working faces.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face includes a main control box, a dust baffle device, an airborne dust removal device and a hydraulic support dust isolation device;

[0006] The main control box includes a central controller;

[0007] Two sets of dust baffle devices are provided, and the two sets of dust baffle devices are respectively arranged on the drum rocker arms of the left drum and the right drum of the coal mining machine. The dust baffle device includes a dust baffle, an atomizing nozzle I, a thickness sensor and a vibration cleaning mechanism. The dust baffle with a disc structure is fixedly mounted on the drum rocker arm, and the dust baffle is coaxially arranged with the left drum or the right drum. A plurality of circumferentially uniformly distributed atomizing nozzles I and thickness sensors are fixed on the inner surface of the dust baffle facing the drum. The atomizing nozzle I is connected to the built-in water tank of the coal mining machine through a pump pressure pipeline including a drive pump electrically connected to the central controller. The thickness sensor is electrically connected to the central controller. The vibration cleaning mechanism including a vibration motor electrically connected to the central controller is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the dust baffle;

[0008] The airborne dust removal device is mounted on the body of the coal mining machine through a support base. The airborne dust removal device includes a cyclone dust collection mechanism, a wet fan, a filter box and an air outlet pipe from left to right or from right to left.

[0009] The cyclone dust collection mechanism includes a conical dust collection hood, a turbine and a cyclone air inlet. The cyclone air inlet of the shaft sleeve structure is coaxially fixed on the small diameter end of the conical dust collection hood. The outer wall of the cyclone air inlet is provided with a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed air inlet channels, and the air inlet channels are located in the tangential direction of the outer wall of the cyclone air inlet. The turbine including spiral blades is coaxially positioned and installed in the cyclone air inlet. The turbine is arranged corresponding to the air inlet channels and can rotate freely. The large diameter end of the conical dust collection hood is arranged corresponding to the dust baffle, and the inner surface of the conical dust collection hood is provided with a spiral guide plate extending spirally along its axial direction.

[0010] The air suction end of the wet blower is docked with the swirl air inlet through a universal air inlet tube. The air suction end of the wet blower is provided with an atomizing nozzle II, and the atomizing nozzle II is connected to the coal mining machine's built-in water tank through a pump pressure pipeline including a driving pump electrically connected to the central controller;

[0011] The input end of the filter box is docked with the exhaust end of the wet fan, and a filter chamber, a drainage chamber and a clean air chamber are provided inside the filter box; the filter chamber connected to the input end of the filter box is separated from the clean air chamber by a fine-pore diversion filter; the bottom of the filter chamber is separated from the drainage chamber by a dust filter; a normally closed spring door and a dust collection bin corresponding to the spring door are provided on the vertical surface of the filter box facing the direction of the hydraulic support; a water flow sensor electrically connected to the central controller is provided on the inner wall of the drainage chamber, and a one-way drainage valve including a water pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of the drainage chamber, and the one-way drainage valve is electrically connected to the central controller; a telescopic push shovel including a telescopic drive component is provided at the bottom of the filter chamber corresponding to the spring door, and the telescopic push shovel is abutted against the upper surface of the dust filter; a fine-pore diversion filter is also positioned at the geometric center axis position corresponding to the input end of the filter box in the filter chamber. The mesh cleaning mechanism and the fine-pore diverter filter cleaning mechanism include a multi-directional cleaning nozzle, a connecting seat, a front wind speed detection sensor, a connecting protective shell and a telescopic cylinder. The multi-directional cleaning nozzle with a spherical structure is densely distributed with a plurality of spray holes arranged along the radial direction of the sphere, and the multi-directional cleaning nozzle is connected to the built-in water tank of the coal mining machine through a pump pressure pipeline including a driving pump electrically connected to the central controller. The multi-directional cleaning nozzle is arranged facing the fine-pore diverter filter, and the multi-directional cleaning nozzle is installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder through the connecting seat. The telescopic cylinder is electrically connected to the central controller, and the telescopic cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly arranged in the connecting protective shell, and the telescopic cylinder is coaxial with the geometric center axis of the filter box input end. The front wind speed detection sensor electrically connected to the central controller is fixedly arranged on the outside of the connecting protective shell; a back wind speed sensor electrically connected to the central controller is provided in the clean air chamber;

[0012] The input end of the air outlet duct is butt-connected to the output end of the clean air chamber. A wind curtain outlet with an arc-shaped structure opened along the circumferential direction is provided at the position of the air outlet duct facing the coal mining working face. A guide plate is provided on the wind curtain outlet for forming a wind curtain perpendicular to the coal mining working face. A tapered section with a conical structure is coaxially provided at the tail end of the air outlet duct. The small-diameter end of the tapered section is connected to the wind curtain nozzle I through a universal bamboo tube. The wind curtain nozzle I is used to form a wind curtain parallel to the coal mining working face.

[0013] The hydraulic support dust isolation device is arranged on the top beam or front beam of the hydraulic support facing the coal mining working face. The hydraulic support dust isolation device includes a turntable base and an intelligent tracking camera, an air atomizing knife-type nozzle, an air curtain nozzle II and a compressed air source installed and connected to the turntable base through a support frame; the turntable base including a drive motor electrically connected to the central controller is installed on the hydraulic support, the intelligent tracking camera electrically connected to the central controller uses the coal mining machine as the video locking object, the air atomizing knife-type nozzle is used to form a small-particle water mist curtain in a direction parallel to the coal mining working face, the air curtain nozzle II is used to form an air curtain located between the sidewalk and the water mist curtain, and the compressed air source is used to supply air to the air atomizing knife-type nozzle and the air curtain nozzle II.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inner surface of the dust baffle facing the drum is a concave structure that is bent toward the drum and has a curvature.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the atomizing nozzle II is arranged at the axial center position of the fan inside the wet blower, the spray direction of the atomizing nozzle II faces the suction end of the wet blower, and the water mist spray shape of the atomizing nozzle II is a conical structure that spreads in all directions.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the surface of the fine-pore diverter filter facing the fine-pore diverter filter cleaning mechanism is densely covered with fine-fiber diverter branch structures with elastic strength, and the fine-fiber diverter branch structures around each mesh of the fine-pore diverter filter are inclined toward the mesh.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of air curtain outlets on the air outlet tube are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the air outlet tube.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the air atomizing knife-shaped nozzle and the air curtain nozzle II share the same air supply pipeline.

[0019] As an embodiment of the present invention, the compressed gas source is a downhole pressure gas source transported through a pipeline.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the ash collecting bin is detachably mounted on the filter box.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, a magnetic induction coil is arranged outside the telescopic cylinder, and both ends of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder are electrically connected to the rechargeable battery pack through a charging circuit, and the rechargeable battery pack is electrically connected to the central controller.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the airborne dust removal device is arranged in two sets side by side in the left and right directions, and the conical dust hoods of the two sets of airborne dust removal devices correspond to the dust baffle installed on the left drum and the dust baffle installed on the right drum respectively.

[0023] Compared with the existing technology, the closed dust removal system for the fully mechanized mining working face can form a relatively closed dust removal environment through the dust blocking baffle device and the airborne dust removal device, and can form a dust isolation boundary between the sidewalk and the coal mining working face through the hydraulic support dust isolation device, which can prevent the dust from spreading to the leeward side and the sidewalk side, can ensure the visibility of the working environment, and greatly reduce the dust concentration in the area where the operators are located. Specifically: the dust blocking baffle device and the cyclone dust suction mechanism can block the dust from spreading in the direction away from the coal mining working face, and the air curtain formed by the guide plate at the air outlet of the airborne dust removal device can not only prevent the residual dust at the drum from spreading to the leeward side, but also prevent the wind flow on the upwind side from carrying the dust at the drum to spread to the leeward side. The hydraulic support dust isolation device can prevent dust and water mist from spreading to the sidewalk side, reducing the harm of dust to operators and optimizing the working environment. Since the cyclone dust suction mechanism generates a negative pressure high-speed cyclone and the atomizing nozzle II generates a cone The shaped water mist can not only improve the recovery efficiency of water mist and dust, but also strengthen the combination of water mist and dust, reduce the clogging probability of the rear fine-pore diversion filter, and improve the reliability of equipment operation; since the fine-pore diversion filter in the filter box filters water and dust, and the dust filter filters dust, it can recycle coal powder and water resources, which can reduce the frequency of adding water to the built-in water tank of the coal mining machine, which is conducive to the sustainable use of resources, and the spring door is only opened when the dust filter is cleaned, and the one-way drain valve is only opened when the water pressure threshold it withstands is reached, so it can maintain a relatively closed environment in the filter box, reduce air volume loss, and reduce energy consumption costs; since the hydraulic support dust isolation device automatically identifies the movement of the coal mining machine through the intelligent tracking camera, it can realize that the air curtain and small-particle water mist curtain formed by it move synchronously with the movement of the coal mining machine, which can not only prevent residual dust from endangering the safety and health of workers on the sidewalk, but also maintain a dry environment on the sidewalk. This closed dust removal system used for fully mechanized mining working faces has a high degree of automation and high dust capture efficiency. It can not only reduce the diffusion range of dust and realize the recovery and utilization of coal powder, but also reduce the waste of water resources, maintain a dry environment on the side of the sidewalk, and optimize the working environment of the fully mechanized mining working face. It is particularly suitable for dust control in fully mechanized mining working faces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dust baffle device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the airborne dust removal device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cyclone dust collection mechanism of the airborne dust removal device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the wet blower of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the filter box of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the filter box of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic push shovel of the present invention in the dust cleaning state;

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air outlet duct of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the outer structure of the air outlet duct, and (b) is a partial enlarged view of (a);

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the dust isolation device of the hydraulic support of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fine-pore diversion filter of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the fine-fiber diversion branch structure, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the filtration principle of the fine-pore diversion filter in filtration mode;

[0035] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fine-pore diverter filter cleaning mechanism of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the fine-pore diverter filter cleaning mechanism, (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure in the maximum power cleaning mode, and (c) is a schematic diagram of the structure in the minimum power cleaning mode.

[0036] In the picture: 1. Main control box; 2. Left roller; 3. Right roller;

[0037] 4. Dust baffle device; 41. Dust baffle; 42. Atomizing nozzle I; 43. Thickness sensor; 44. Vibrating dust cleaning device;

[0038] 5. Airborne dust removal device; 51. Support base; 52. Cyclone dust collection mechanism; 521. Conical dust collection hood; 522. Turbine; 523. Cyclone air inlet; 524. Turbine positioning rod; 53. Universal air inlet; 54. Wet fan; 541. Atomizing nozzle II; 55. Filter box; 551. Filter chamber; 5511. Fine-pore diverter filter; 55111. Fine-fiber diverter structure; 5512. Dust filter; 5513. Fine-pore diverter filter cleaning mechanism; 55131. Multi-directional cleaning nozzle; 55132. Connecting seat, 55133, front wind speed detection sensor, 55134, connecting protective housing, 55135, magnetic induction coil, 55136, telescopic cylinder, 55137, telescopic cylinder body, 5514, telescopic dozer, 5515, spring door, 552, drainage chamber, 5521, water flow sensor, 5522, one-way drain valve, 553, clean air chamber, 5531, rear wind speed sensor, 554, ash collection bin, 56, air outlet, 561, deflector, 57, universal bamboo tube, 58, air curtain nozzle I;

[0039] 6. Hydraulic support dust isolation device, 61. Turntable base, 62. Intelligent tracking camera, 63. Air atomizing knife-shaped nozzle, 64. Air curtain nozzle II, 65. Compressed air source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings (the following description will be made with the direction of movement of the coal mining machine being the left and right directions).

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the closed dust removal system for the fully mechanized mining working face includes a main control box 1, a dust baffle device 4, an airborne dust removal device 5 and a hydraulic support dust isolation device 6.

[0042] The main control box 1 includes a central controller. The main control box 1 can be fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the coal mining machine body close to the sidewalk, or fixedly mounted on a hydraulic support, or fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of the roadway.

[0043] The dust baffle device 4 is provided with two sets, and the two sets of dust baffle devices 4 are respectively arranged on the drum rocker arms of the left drum 2 and the right drum 3 of the coal mining machine. The dust baffle device 4 includes a dust baffle 41, an atomizing nozzle Ⅰ 42, a thickness sensor 43 and a vibration cleaning mechanism 44. The dust baffle 41 of the disc structure is fixedly mounted on the drum rocker arm, and the dust baffle 41 is coaxially arranged with the left drum 2 or the right drum 3 to block the dust diffused from the coal mining working surface to the sidewalk side. In order to achieve a better dust blocking effect, the inner surface of the dust baffle 41 facing the drum can be a concave structure bent toward the drum side and having a certain curvature, such as Figure 2As shown, a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed atomizing nozzles Ⅰ42 and thickness sensors 43 are fixedly provided on the inner surface of the dust baffle 41. The atomizing nozzle Ⅰ42 is connected to the built-in water tank of the coal mining machine through a pump pressure pipeline including a driving pump electrically connected to the central controller. The thickness sensor 43 for measuring the thickness of the dust attached to the inner surface of the dust baffle 41 is electrically connected to the central controller. A vibration cleaning mechanism 44 including a vibration motor electrically connected to the central controller is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the dust baffle 41. When the thickness sensor 43 detects that the coal powder attached to the inner surface of the dust baffle 41 accumulates to a set thickness, the central controller can control the vibration cleaning mechanism 44 to perform a vibration cleaning action.

[0044] The airborne dust removal device 5 is mounted on the body of the coal mining machine through the support base 51. Figure 3 As shown, the airborne dust removal device 5 includes, from left to right or from right to left, a cyclone dust collection mechanism 52, a wet fan 54, a filter box 55, and an air outlet duct 56;

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the cyclone dust collection mechanism 52 includes a conical dust collection cover 521, a turbine 522 and a cyclone air inlet 523. The cyclone air inlet 523 of the shaft sleeve structure is coaxially fixedly arranged on the small diameter end of the conical dust collection cover 521. The outer wall of the cyclone air inlet 523 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed air inlet channels, and the air inlet channels are located in the tangential direction of the outer wall of the cyclone air inlet 523. The turbine 522 including spiral blades is coaxially positioned and installed in the cyclone air inlet 523 through a turbine positioning rod 524. The turbine 522 is arranged corresponding to the air inlet channel and can rotate freely. The inner surface of the conical dust collection cover 521 is provided with a spiral guide plate extending spirally along its axial direction.

[0046] The suction end of the wet fan 54 is connected to the swirl air inlet 523 through the universal air inlet tube 53. The suction end of the wet fan 54 is provided with an atomizing nozzle II 541, and the atomizing nozzle II 541 is connected to the coal mining machine's built-in water tank through a pump pressure pipeline including a driving pump electrically connected to the central controller. In order to achieve a uniform atomization effect in the wet fan 54, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the atomizing nozzle II 541 can be set at the axis center position of the fan inside the wet blower 54. The spray direction of the atomizing nozzle II 541 faces the air suction end of the wet blower 54, and the water mist spray shape of the atomizing nozzle II 541 is a conical structure that spreads in all directions, which can enhance the combination of water mist and dust and reduce the probability of clogging of the subsequent fine-pore diversion filter.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, the input end of the filter box 55 is connected to the exhaust end of the wet blower 54, and the filter box 55 is provided with a filter chamber 551, a drainage chamber 552 and a clean air chamber 553; Figure 7As shown, the filter chamber 551 connected to the input end of the filter box 55 is separated from the clean air chamber 553 by a fine-pore diversion filter 5511, and the fine-pore diversion filter 5511 is used to filter water and coal powder in the air flow; the bottom of the filter chamber 551 is separated from the drainage chamber 552 by a dust filter 5512, and the dust filter 5512 is used to filter coal powder in the mixture of water and coal powder; Figure 6 As shown, a normally closed spring door 5515 and an ash bin 554 corresponding to the spring door 5515 are provided on the vertical surface of the filter box 55 facing the direction of the hydraulic support, corresponding to the bottom of the filter chamber 551. In order to facilitate cleaning of the coal powder in the ash bin 554, the ash bin 554 is detachably mounted on the filter box 55; a water flow sensor 5521 electrically connected to the central controller is provided on the inner wall of the drainage chamber 552, which is used to detect the flow of filtered water entering the drainage chamber 552 after passing through the dust filter 5512; a one-way drainage valve 5522 including a water pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of the drainage chamber 552, and the one-way drainage valve 5522 is electrically connected to the central controller. When the water pressure applied to the one-way drainage valve 5522 is less than a set threshold, the valve is in a closed state, and when the water pressure is greater than the set threshold, the valve is in an open state; as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, a telescopic push shovel 5514 including a telescopic driving component is provided at the bottom of the filter chamber 551 corresponding to the position of the spring door 5515. The telescopic push shovel 5514 is abutted against the upper surface of the dust filter 5512 to clean the coal powder attached to the upper surface of the dust filter 5512 and push the coal powder to open and discharge the spring door 5515. The telescopic driving component can be a telescopic cylinder structure or a spiral transmission structure including a matching screw nut, etc., which can push the telescopic push shovel 5514 to perform linear reciprocating motion. A fine-pore diversion filter cleaning mechanism 5513 is also positioned at the geometric center axis position corresponding to the input end of the filter box 55 in the filter chamber 551, as shown in FIG. Figure 12As shown, the fine-pore diversion filter cleaning mechanism 5513 includes a multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131, a connecting seat 55132, a front wind speed detection sensor 55133, a connecting protective shell 55134 and a telescopic cylinder 55136. The multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131 with a spherical structure is densely covered with a plurality of spray holes arranged along the radial direction of the sphere, and the multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131 is connected to the built-in water tank of the coal mining machine through a pump pressure pipeline including a driving pump electrically connected to the central controller. The multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131 is arranged facing the fine-pore diversion filter 5511, and the multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131 is connected to the water tank of the coal mining machine through a pump pressure pipeline including a driving pump electrically connected to the central controller. The socket 55132 is installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 55136. The telescopic cylinder 55136 is electrically connected to the central controller. The telescopic cylinder body 55137 of the telescopic cylinder 55136 is fixedly set in the connecting protective shell 55134. The telescopic cylinder 55136 is coaxial with the geometric center axis of the input end of the filter box 55. The front wind speed detection sensor 55133, which is electrically connected to the central controller, is fixedly set outside the connecting protective shell 55134 to detect the wind speed in the filter chamber 551. When the front wind speed detection sensor 55133 detects an increase in wind speed, it indicates that the fine-pore diversion filter 5511 is in a state of tension. When the dust concentration in the center is low, the central controller sends a command to control the telescopic cylinder 55136 to retract so that the multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131 is away from the fine-pore diversion filter 5511. At the same time, the central controller controls to reduce the water supply of the multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131 and executes the minimum power cleaning mode, thereby reducing the spraying area of ​​the multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131. Conversely, when the front wind speed detection sensor 55133 detects a decrease in wind speed, it means that the dust concentration in the center of the fine-pore diversion filter 5511 is high. The central controller sends a command to control the telescopic cylinder 55136 to extend so that the multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131 is close to Near-fine pore diversion filter 5511, at the same time, the central controller controls to increase the water supply of the multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131 and execute the maximum power cleaning mode, thereby increasing the spraying area of ​​the multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131. In order to achieve energy recovery, a magnetic induction coil 55135 can be arranged on the outside of the telescopic cylinder 55136. The two ends of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 55136 are electrically connected to the rechargeable battery pack through a charging circuit. The rechargeable battery pack is electrically connected to the central controller. The telescopic action of the telescopic cylinder 55136 can be used to cut the magnetic lines of force to generate electrical energy for recycling; in order to further achieve the filtering effect, such as Figure 11 As shown, the surface of the fine-pore diversion filter 5511 facing the fine-pore diversion filter cleaning mechanism 5513 is densely covered with fine-fiber diversion branch structures 55111 with elastic strength, and as shown in FIG. Figure 11 (a) Figure 11As shown in Figure (b), the fine-mesh diversion filter 5511 is arranged around each mesh of the fine-mesh diversion filter 5511, and its fine-grained branch structure 55111 is tilted toward the mesh. When too many pulverized coal particles are captured on the fine-mesh diversion filter 5511, the water flow sprayed by the multi-directional dust cleaning nozzle 55131 causes the fine-grained branch structure 55111 to elastically deform, facilitating dust removal. The clean air chamber 553 is provided with a rear wind speed sensor 5531 electrically connected to the central controller for detecting the wind speed within the clean air chamber 553.

[0048] The input end of the air outlet 56 is connected to the output end of the clean air chamber 553, as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown, the position of the air outlet duct 56 facing the coal mining working face is provided with an arc-shaped wind curtain outlet opened in the circumferential direction. The wind curtain outlet can be arranged in multiple rows along the axial direction of the air outlet duct 56. The wind curtain outlet is provided with a guide plate 561 for forming a wind curtain perpendicular to the coal mining working face. The tail of the air outlet duct 56 is coaxially provided with a tapered section of a conical structure. The small diameter end of the tapered section is connected to the air curtain nozzle I58 through a universal bamboo tube 57. The air curtain nozzle I58 is used to form a wind curtain parallel to the coal mining working face. The clean air discharged from the output end of the clean air chamber 553 is accelerated when passing through the tapered section at the tail of the air outlet duct 56, which is conducive to the formation of the wind curtain. The wind curtain nozzle I58 can adjust the angle of the wind curtain through the universal bamboo tube 57 according to the on-site conditions.

[0049] The hydraulic support dust isolation device 6 is arranged on the top beam or front beam of the hydraulic support facing the coal mining working face, such as Figure 10 As shown, the hydraulic support dust isolation device 6 includes a turntable base 61 and an intelligent tracking camera 62, an air atomizing knife-shaped nozzle 63, an air curtain nozzle II 64 and a compressed air source 65 installed and connected to the turntable base 61 through a support frame; the turntable base 61 including a driving motor electrically connected to the central controller is installed on the hydraulic support, the intelligent tracking camera 62 electrically connected to the central controller is locked to the coal mining machine, the air atomizing knife-shaped nozzle 63 is used to form a small-particle water mist curtain in a direction parallel to the coal mining working face, the air curtain nozzle II 64 is used to form an air curtain located between the sidewalk and the water mist curtain, and the compressed air source 65 is used to form an air curtain between the sidewalk and the water mist curtain. The source 65 is used to supply air to the air atomizing knife-type nozzle 63 and the wind curtain nozzle II 64. The compressed air source 65 can be a compressed air tank or an underground pressure air source transported through a pipeline. The air atomizing knife-type nozzle 63 and the wind curtain nozzle II 64 share the same gas pipeline. A part of the compressed gas provided by the compressed air source 65 is used to form an air curtain at the wind curtain nozzle II 64, and the other part of the air is used for the droplet breakup process of the air atomizing knife-type nozzle 63, thereby forming a small-particle water mist curtain. The central controller can control the rotation of the turntable base 61 according to the feedback of the intelligent tracking camera 62 to track the movement of the coal mining machine.

[0050] This closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working faces forms a relatively closed dust removal environment through the dust baffle device 4 and the airborne dust removal device 5 (the airborne dust removal device 5 can be arranged in two sets side by side in the left and right directions, and the conical dust suction hoods 521 of the two airborne dust removal devices 5 correspond to the dust baffle 41 installed on the left drum 2 and the dust baffle 41 installed on the right drum 3, respectively). The hydraulic support dust isolation device 6 forms a dust isolation boundary between the sidewalk and the coal mining working face. The details are as follows:

[0051] ① When the coal mining machine is cutting coal, the atomizing nozzles Ⅰ42 on the dust baffles 41 on the back of the left drum 2 and the right drum 3 are started at the same time, spraying water mist covering the drum to reduce the concentration of dust. The dust baffle 41 is designed to block the residual dust from spreading from the coal mining face to the sidewalk side, and at the same time work together with the cyclone dust suction mechanism 52 to form a relatively closed boundary, effectively preventing dust from escaping. When the thickness sensor 43 detects that the dust deposited on the inner surface of the dust baffle 41 reaches a preset thickness, the central controller starts the vibration cleaning mechanism 44 to remove the dust attached to the inner surface of the dust baffle 41 through vibration action.

[0052] ② The cyclone dust suction mechanism 52 generates negative pressure at this stage, produces a high-speed rotating airflow, and sucks in the water mist and dust at the left drum 2 (or the right drum 3). The cyclone dust suction mechanism 52 can not only improve the recovery efficiency of water mist and dust, but also further enhance the combination efficiency of water mist and dust through the tangential air inlet provided by the cyclone air inlet 523. The inhaled water mist and dust are then transported to the wet fan 54 through the universal air inlet tube 53. During this process, the atomizing nozzle II 541 continues to spray water mist to further ensure that the water mist and dust are closely combined.

[0053] ③ The water mist and dust entering the wet blower 54 are introduced into the filter chamber 551 of the filter box 55. The fine-pore diversion filter 5511 filters the water and coal powder particles in the air, and the filtered clean air is led to the clean air chamber 553. At the same time, the dust filter 5512 on the bottom of the filter chamber 551 performs a secondary filtration on the water and dust mixture, and the filtered water enters the drainage chamber 552. When the one-way drainage valve 5522 in the drainage chamber 552 detects that the water pressure is greater than the set threshold, the one-way drainage valve 5522 opens to discharge the filtered water back to the built-in water tank of the coal mining machine. When the one-way drainage valve 5522 detects that the water pressure is lower than the set threshold, the one-way drainage valve 5522 closes to maintain the closed state of the filter box 55 and reduce air volume loss.

[0054] Inside the clean air chamber 553, the rear wind speed sensor 5531 continuously monitors the wind speed in the clean air chamber 553, and the front wind speed detection sensor 55133 continuously monitors the wind speed in the filter chamber 551. When the rear wind speed sensor 5531 and the front wind speed detection sensor 55133 detect a decrease in wind speed, it indicates that the dust concentration accumulated in the central area of ​​the fine-pore diverter filter 5511 is high. The central controller controls the fine-pore diverter filter cleaning mechanism 5513 to start the maximum power cleaning mode, and the telescopic cylinder 55136 extends to enable the multi-directional cleaning nozzle 55131 is positioned close to the fine-pore diversion filter 5511 for efficient dust cleaning. The combination of the connecting base 55132 and the telescopic cylinder 55136, as well as the support of the connecting protective housing 55134, ensures the flexibility and coverage of the dust cleaning process. At the same time, the central controller can monitor wind speed changes through the front wind speed detection sensor 55133 to dynamically adjust the dust cleaning intensity. As a result, the magnetic induction coil 55135 cuts the magnetic lines of force during the movement of the telescopic cylinder 55136, generating electrical energy that can be reused in the dust cleaning mechanism, achieving energy recycling.

[0055] When the water flow sensor 5521 in the drainage chamber 552 detects that the water flow becomes smaller, the central controller controls the telescopic shovel 55134 to move, clean and push the coal powder accumulated on the dust filter 5512. The coal powder pushed by the shovel squeezes open the spring door 5515, and the coal powder is discharged into the ash bin 554.

[0056] ④ The filtered clean air is discharged through the air outlet 56. Part of the air is discharged from the air curtain outlet through the guide plate 561, forming a wind curtain perpendicular to the coal mining working face to prevent dust from spreading to the leeward side. The other part of the air is accelerated through the tapered section at the tail of the air outlet 56, and is discharged from the air curtain nozzle I 58 through the universal bamboo tube 57, forming a wind curtain parallel to the coal mining working face on the right side of the right drum 3 (or the left side of the left drum 2), thereby effectively blocking the dust from spreading to the sidewalk side.

[0057] ⑤ While the above operations are in progress, the intelligent tracking camera 62 at the top beam of the hydraulic support identifies the movement status of the coal mining machine in real time. The central controller controls the rotation of the turntable base 61 based on the feedback from the intelligent tracking camera 62 for dynamic adaptation. At the same time, the air atomizing knife-shaped nozzle 63 sprays a water curtain formed by small-particle water mist, which works together with the air curtain sprayed by the air curtain nozzle II 64 to ensure the cleanliness and dryness of the sidewalk area.

[0058] This closed dust removal system used for fully mechanized mining working faces has a high degree of automation and high dust capture efficiency. It can not only reduce the diffusion range of dust and realize the recovery and utilization of coal powder, but also reduce the waste of water resources, maintain a dry environment on the side of the sidewalk, and optimize the working environment of the fully mechanized mining working face. It is particularly suitable for dust control in fully mechanized mining working faces.

Claims

1. A closed dust removal system for a fully mechanized mining face, comprising a main control box (1) and a hydraulic support dust isolation device (6); the main control box (1) comprises a central controller; the hydraulic support dust isolation device (6) is arranged on a top beam or a front beam of the hydraulic support facing the coal mining face; and is characterized in that: It also includes a dust baffle device (4) and an onboard dust removal device (5); The dust baffle device (4) is provided in two sets, and the two sets of dust baffle devices (4) are respectively provided on the drum rocker arms of the left drum (2) and the right drum (3) of the coal mining machine. The dust baffle device (4) comprises a dust baffle (41), an atomizing nozzle I (42), a thickness sensor (43) and a vibration cleaning mechanism (44). The dust baffle (41) of a disc structure is fixedly installed on the drum rocker arm, and the dust baffle (41) is coaxially arranged with the left drum (2) or the right drum (3). A plurality of atomizing nozzles I (42) and thickness sensors (43) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are fixedly provided on the inner surface of the dust baffle (41) facing the drum. The atomizing nozzle I (42) is connected to the coal mining machine's built-in water tank through a pump pressure pipeline including a driving pump electrically connected to a central controller. The thickness sensor (43) is electrically connected to the central controller. The vibration cleaning mechanism (44) including a vibration motor electrically connected to the central controller is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the dust baffle (41). The onboard dust removal device (5) is mounted on the body of the coal mining machine via a support base (51). The onboard dust removal device (5) includes a cyclone dust collection mechanism (52), a wet fan (54), a filter box (55) and an air outlet tube (56) in sequence from left to right or from right to left. The cyclone dust collection mechanism (52) comprises a conical dust collection hood (521), a turbine (522) and a cyclone air inlet (523). The cyclone air inlet (523) of the shaft sleeve structure is coaxially fixedly arranged on the small-diameter end of the conical dust collection hood (521). The outer wall of the cyclone air inlet (523) is provided with a plurality of air inlet channels evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the air inlet channels are located in the tangential direction of the outer wall of the cyclone air inlet (523). The turbine (522) comprising spiral blades is coaxially positioned and installed in the cyclone air inlet (523). The turbine (522) is arranged corresponding to the air inlet channels and can rotate freely. The large-diameter end of the conical dust collection hood (521) is arranged corresponding to the dust baffle (41), and the inner surface of the conical dust collection hood (521) is provided with a spiral guide plate extending spirally along its axial direction. The air suction end of the wet blower (54) is docked and installed with the swirl air inlet (523) through the universal air inlet tube (53), and the air suction end of the wet blower (54) is provided with an atomizing nozzle II (541), and the atomizing nozzle II (541) is connected to the coal mining machine's built-in water tank through a pump pressure pipeline including a driving pump electrically connected to the central controller; The input end of the filter box (55) is butt-connected to the exhaust end of the wet fan (54), and a filter chamber (551), a drainage chamber (552), and a clean air chamber (553) are provided inside the filter box (55); the filter chamber (551) connected to the input end of the filter box (55) is separated from the clean air chamber (553) by a fine-pore diversion filter (5511); the bottom of the filter chamber (551) is separated from the drainage chamber (552) by a dust filter (5512); a normally closed spring door (5515) is provided at a position corresponding to the bottom of the filter chamber (551) on the vertical surface of the filter box (55) facing the direction of the hydraulic support, and a corresponding spring door (5515) is provided. The dust collecting bin (554) is provided with a water flow sensor (5521) electrically connected to the central controller on the inner wall of the drainage chamber (552); a one-way drainage valve (5522) including a water pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of the drainage chamber (552), and the one-way drainage valve (5522) is electrically connected to the central controller; a telescopic push shovel (5514) including a telescopic driving component is provided at the position corresponding to the spring door (5515) at the bottom of the filter chamber (551), and the telescopic push shovel (5514) is abutted against the upper surface of the dust filter (5512); a fine-pore diversion filter is also positioned at the geometric center axis position corresponding to the input end of the filter box (55) in the filter chamber (551). The ash mechanism (5513) comprises a multi-directional ash cleaning nozzle (55131), a connecting seat (55132), a front wind speed detection sensor (55133), a connecting protective shell (55134) and a telescopic cylinder (55136). The multi-directional ash cleaning nozzle (55131) has a spherical structure and is densely distributed with a plurality of spray holes arranged along the radial direction of the sphere. The multi-directional ash cleaning nozzle (55131) is connected to the coal mining machine's built-in water tank through a pump pressure pipeline including a driving pump electrically connected to the central controller. The multi-directional ash cleaning nozzle (55131) is arranged facing the fine-pore diversion filter (5511). The ash spray head (55131) is installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (55136) through the connecting seat (55132). The telescopic cylinder (55136) is electrically connected to the central controller. The telescopic cylinder body (55137) of the telescopic cylinder (55136) is fixedly arranged in the connecting protective shell (55134). The telescopic cylinder (55136) is coaxial with the geometric center axis of the input end of the filter box (55). The front wind speed detection sensor (55133) electrically connected to the central controller is fixedly arranged outside the connecting protective shell (55134). A back wind speed sensor (5531) electrically connected to the central controller is provided in the clean air chamber (553). The input end of the air outlet duct (56) is docked with the output end of the clean air chamber (553). The air outlet duct (56) is provided with an arc-shaped air curtain outlet opened in the circumferential direction at a position facing the coal mining working face. The air curtain outlet is provided with a guide plate (561) for forming an air curtain in a direction perpendicular to the coal mining working face. The tail of the air outlet duct (56) is coaxially provided with a tapered section of a conical structure. The small diameter end of the tapered section is connected to the air curtain nozzle I (58) through a universal bamboo tube (57). The air curtain nozzle I (58) is used to form an air curtain in a direction parallel to the coal mining working face. The hydraulic support dust isolation device (6) includes a turntable base (61), an intelligent tracking camera (62), an air atomizing knife-shaped nozzle (63), an air curtain nozzle II (64), and a compressed air source (65) which are connected to the turntable base (61) via a support frame; A turntable base (61) including a drive motor electrically connected to a central controller is installed on a hydraulic support, an intelligent tracking camera (62) electrically connected to the central controller uses a coal mining machine as a video locking object, an air atomizing knife-shaped nozzle (63) is used to form a small-particle water mist curtain in a direction parallel to the coal mining working face, an air curtain nozzle II (64) is used to form an air curtain located between a sidewalk and the water mist curtain, and a compressed air source (65) is used to supply air to the air atomizing knife-shaped nozzle (63) and the air curtain nozzle II (64).

2. The closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner surface of the dust blocking plate (41) facing the drum is a concave structure that is bent toward the drum side and has a curvature.

3. The closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The atomizing nozzle II (541) is arranged at the axis center position of the fan inside the wet blower (54), the spraying direction of the atomizing nozzle II (541) faces the air suction end of the wet blower (54), and the water mist spraying shape of the atomizing nozzle II (541) is a conical structure that spreads in all directions.

4. The closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The surface of the fine-pore diversion filter (5511) facing the fine-pore diversion filter cleaning mechanism (5513) is densely covered with fine-fiber diversion branch structures (55111) with elastic strength, and the fine-fiber diversion branch structures (55111) around each mesh of the fine-pore diversion filter (5511) are inclined toward the mesh.

5. The closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of air curtain air outlets on the air outlet cylinder (56) are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the air outlet cylinder (56).

6. The closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air atomizing knife-shaped nozzle (63) and the air curtain nozzle II (64) share the same air supply pipeline.

7. The closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The compressed gas source (65) is a downhole pressure gas source transported through a pipeline.

8. The closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash collecting bin (554) is detachably mounted on the filter box (55).

9. The closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnetic induction coil (55135) is arranged outside the telescopic cylinder (55136), and both ends of the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (55136) are electrically connected to the rechargeable battery pack through a charging circuit, and the rechargeable battery pack is electrically connected to the central controller.

10. The closed dust removal system for fully mechanized mining working face according to claim 1, characterized in that: The onboard dust removal device (5) is arranged in two sets side by side in the left and right directions, and the conical dust suction covers (521) of the two sets of onboard dust removal devices (5) correspond to the dust blocking baffle (41) installed on the left drum (2) and the dust blocking baffle (41) installed on the right drum (3), respectively.

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