Column recovery method based on barren rock grouting and filling

Abstract

The invention discloses an ore pillar recycling method based on barren rock grouting and filling, and relates to the technical field of mining, and the method comprises the following steps: grouting and filling barren rocks in goaf areas on two sides of a to-be-recycled stud by utilizing crack pouring slurry to form a cemented filling body; performing segmented rock drilling roadway construction on the to-be-recycled stud, and firstly constructing a cutting raise at the end part to form a stud rock drilling roadway with a compensation space; performing blasting and ore recovery on the to-be-recovered studs by adopting a top-to-bottom segmented stoping mode based on the stud drilling roadway; and after ore removal of each section is completed, waste rock filling is conducted on the upper portion. The technical problems that in the prior art, the grouting process is low in efficiency and high in cost are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a method for recovering ore pillars based on waste rock grouting filling. Background Art

[0002] In the process of underground mining, in order to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock and production safety, support measures are usually adopted, and a large number of pillars are left behind. However, this practice has led to a large waste of mineral resources. With the increasing global attention to the strategic position of mineral resources, how to effectively recover these remaining pillars has become the focus of attention in the global mining industry. In the process of mining, in order to ensure the long-term stability of the region, many mines choose to fill the goaf with low-cost non-cemented waste rock. However, although this filling method can effectively deal with the goaf, due to the fact that the waste rock is in a loose state, it becomes extremely difficult to recover the pillars between the loose waste rock.

[0003] To solve this problem, some scholars in the prior art have proposed a waste rock grouting method, which involves densely grouting waste rock through fan-shaped blastholes to form a new support environment so that the intermediate pillars can be recovered on this basis. However, this solution has significant defects: the grouting process is inefficient and costly, so it is only suitable for the mining of rare and precious metal ores with high economic value. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pillar recovery method based on waste rock grouting filling. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] On the one hand, a method for recovering pillars based on waste rock grouting is provided, which is applied to underground mines; pillars to be recovered are left in the goaf of the underground mines; the method comprises: using grouting slurry to grout the waste rock in the empty areas on both sides of the pillars to be recovered to form a cemented filling body; constructing segmented rock drilling tunnels for the pillars to be recovered, and first constructing a cutting shaft at the end to form a pillar drilling tunnel with compensation space; based on the pillar drilling tunnel, a top-down segmented recovery method is adopted to blast the pillars to be recovered and recover ore; after completing each segment of ore extraction, the upper part is filled with waste rock.

[0006] Furthermore, the caulking slurry is prepared by adding a binder to factory tailings.

[0007] Furthermore, grouting slurry is used to fill the waste rock in the empty areas on both sides of the pillars to be recovered, including: before filling the waste rock in the empty areas on both sides of the pillars to be recovered, the waste rock in the goaf is moistened with pipe washing water; and the grouting slurry is filled by connecting the filling pipe through the connecting channel of the top pillar in the goaf of the underground mine.

[0008] Furthermore, after grouting the waste rocks in the empty areas on both sides of the to-be-reclaimed column, the method further comprises: vibrating the grouting slurry by a concrete vibrator.

[0009] Furthermore, the pillars to be recovered are subjected to blasting and ore recovery, including: blasting holes row by row based on the pillar drilling tunnel to form collapsed ore; backward ore removal is carried out by a shovel loader in the pillar drilling tunnel, and a preset part of the ore body is reserved to form a covering layer.

[0010] Furthermore, after each section of mining is completed, waste rock is filled through the top connecting road to achieve the recovery of the ore pillars without leaving any empty areas.

[0011] Furthermore, blasting construction of blastholes is carried out row by row based on the inter-pillar rock drilling tunnel, including: constructing fan-shaped medium-deep holes in the inter-pillar rock drilling tunnel, and carrying out blasting construction based on the fan-shaped medium-deep holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the blasting construction includes millisecond differential extrusion blasting construction.

[0013] The embodiment of the present invention provides a pillar recovery method based on waste rock grouting filling. By low-cost grouting and cementing waste rock, safe and efficient recovery of pillars is achieved, resource recovery rate is improved, and mining cost is reduced. The method of recovering pillars by full-section segmented blasting from top to bottom is adopted, which improves mining efficiency and safety. By measures such as reserving covering layers and waste rock filling, it is achieved that pillars are mined without leaving empty areas, thereby optimizing the mining process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a pillar recovery method based on waste rock grouting filling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of an underground mine stope with pillars to be recovered provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of an underground mining field after grouting and fan-shaped medium-deep hole construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4It is a cross-sectional view of an underground mining field after blasting and rock collapse to form rock collapse provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a DD cross-sectional view of an underground mining site after rock collapse is formed, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. top pillar, 2. connecting road, 3. intermediate pillar, 4. waste rock in empty area, 5. intermediate pillar drilling tunnel, 6. filling pipe, 7. fan-shaped medium and deep hole, 8. cemented filling body, 9. vibrator, 10. intermediate pillar filling waste rock, 11. collapsed ore. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0023] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] Figure 1 The flowchart of a method for recovering pillars based on waste rock grouting according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to underground mines; wherein pillars to be recovered are left in the goaf of the underground mines. Figure 1 As shown, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0026] Step S102, using grouting slurry to fill the empty areas on both sides of the column to be recovered with waste rocks to form a cemented filling body.

[0027] Step S104, constructing a segmented rock drilling tunnel for the pillars to be recovered, and constructing a cutting skylight at the end first to form a pillar rock drilling tunnel with a compensation space.

[0028] Step S106, based on the pillar drilling tunnel, a top-down segmented mining method is adopted to blast the pillars to be recovered and recover the ore.

[0029] Step S108, after each segment of ore is mined, the upper part is filled with waste rock.

[0030] In an optional implementation provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the grouting slurry is prepared by adding a binder to the factory tailings. This slurry is not only low in cost, but also has good bonding properties, and can form good bonding strength when combined with waste rock.

[0031] Specifically, step S102 also includes the following steps:

[0032] Step S1021, before filling and filling the waste rock in the empty area on both sides of the column to be recovered, wet the waste rock in the goaf with pipe washing water;

[0033] Step S1022, filling the grouting slurry through the filling pipeline connected to the connecting channel of the top pillar in the goaf of the underground mine.

[0034] Specifically, during the grouting process, in order to avoid the waste rock absorbing too much water, resulting in increased concentration of the grouting slurry, excessive flow resistance and other problems, the present invention first wets the mining waste rock with pipe washing water, and then performs grouting of the waste rock.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to maintain a good grouting effect of waste rock, the grouting slurry needs to have good fluidity, and the concentration of the grouting slurry is appropriately reduced, thereby increasing the flow and permeability of the grouting slurry in the gaps of the waste rock. In addition, to ensure the grouting effect, the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention also includes: vibrating the grouting slurry through a concrete vibrator to achieve dense grouting filling of the waste rock in the mine.

[0036] Specifically, in step S106, blasting and ore recovery are performed on the pillars to be recovered, including the following steps:

[0037] Step S1061, blasting holes row by row based on the pillar drilling tunnel to form caving ore;

[0038] In an optional implementation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, fan-shaped medium-deep holes are constructed in the pillar drilling tunnel, and blasting construction is performed based on the fan-shaped medium-deep holes.

[0039] Preferably, the blasting construction includes millisecond differential extrusion blasting construction.

[0040] Step S1062, the ore is removed in a backward manner in the pillar drilling tunnel by means of a scraper, and a preset part of the ore body is reserved to form a covering layer.

[0041] Specifically, the covering layer can ensure the safety of rock drilling and mining, and create a squeeze blasting space to enhance the blasting effect.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an underground mine stope with pillars to be recovered provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an underground mining site after grouting and fan-shaped medium-deep hole construction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an underground mining site after blasting and rock collapse according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a DD cross-section of an underground mine after rock collapse.

[0044] like Figure 2-Figure 5 As shown, a method for recovering a pillar based on waste rock grouting filling provided by an embodiment of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:

[0045] A filling pipe 6 is installed through the connecting channel 2 in the top pillar 1. Through the filling pipe 6, grouting is performed into the empty waste rock 4 in the goaf under the action of the vibrator 9 to form a cemented filling body 8. A segmented inter-pillar rock drilling tunnel 5 is constructed in the inter-pillar 3, and a fan-shaped medium-deep hole 7 is constructed. The medium-deep hole blasting is performed to form the collapsed ore 11, and the ore is recovered in sections from top to bottom. Mining is carried out in the inter-pillar rock drilling tunnel 5. After several rows of blasting, the ore is withdrawn backwards by a shovel loader, and part of the ore body is reserved to form a covering layer. After completing a segmented mining, waste rock is filled through the top connecting channel, and finally the inter-pillar recovery is completed, and the inter-pillar is filled with waste rock.

[0046] As can be seen from the above description, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for recovering pillars based on waste rock grouting, which uses tailings from the concentrator and a binder to prepare a grouting slurry to effectively grout the waste rock around the pillars. Through the use of equipment such as concrete vibrators, the permeability and density of the slurry in the gaps of the waste rock are enhanced, and the overall strength and self-sustaining property of the waste rock filling body are significantly improved. This technology provides a stable support structure for the subsequent safe recovery of the pillars.

[0047] In the process of recovering the pillars, the present invention adopts the technology of sectional caving. By constructing a rock drilling tunnel inside the pillars and using the fan-shaped hole full-section retreat blasting technology, the ore body is efficiently and safely caving. At the same time, part of the ore body is reserved as a covering layer to protect the safety of the lower mining area and create safe mining conditions. This technology reduces the safety hazards in the mining process and improves the efficiency and safety of pillar recovery.

[0048] In order to ensure the stability of the goaf, the present invention carries out follow-up filling of waste rock during the mining process, forming a safe mining environment. Finally, the empty area after the pillars are recovered is filled with waste rock to restore the overall stability of the goaf. This technology not only reduces the impact of the goaf on mine safety, but also realizes the maximum utilization of resources, providing strong support for the sustainable development of mines.

[0049] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0050] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for recovering ore pillars based on waste rock grouting, characterized in that: Applied in underground mines; The underground mine has pillars to be recovered in the goaf; the method comprises: Using grouting slurry, grouting and filling the waste rocks in the empty areas on both sides of the column to be recovered to form a cemented filling body; The pillars to be recovered are subjected to segmented rock drilling tunnel construction, and a cutting skylight is first constructed at the end to form a pillar rock drilling tunnel with a compensation space; Based on the top-down segmented mining method adopted in the pillar drilling tunnel, the pillars to be recovered are blasted and ore is recovered; After the mining of each section is completed, the upper part is filled with waste rock.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The caulking slurry is prepared by adding a binder to factory tailings.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The waste rock in the empty areas on both sides of the column to be recovered is filled with grouting slurry, including: Before filling the waste rock in the empty areas on both sides of the to-be-recovered intermediate pillar, the waste rock in the goaf is moistened with pipe washing water; The grouting slurry is filled in the filling pipeline through the connecting channel of the top pillar in the goaf of the underground mine.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After grouting the waste rocks in the empty areas on both sides of the to-be-reclaimed column, the method further comprises: vibrating the grouting slurry by a concrete vibrator.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Blasting and ore recovery are performed on the pillars to be recovered, including: Based on the pillar rock drilling tunnel, blasting construction is carried out row by row to form caving ore; In the pillar drilling tunnel, the ore is removed in a backward manner by means of a scraper, and a preset part of the ore body is reserved to form a covering layer.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Based on the inter-pillar rock drilling tunnel, blasting construction of blast holes is carried out row by row, including: constructing fan-shaped medium-deep holes in the inter-pillar rock drilling tunnel, and carrying out blasting construction based on the fan-shaped medium-deep holes.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The blasting construction includes millisecond difference extrusion blasting construction.

Images