A blasting dredging device and method for treating mine chute blockage

Abstract

The present invention provides a blasting dredging device and method for treating a blockage in a mine chute, which belongs to the technical field of chute dredging and is used to solve the problem of how to dredge a chute when it is blocked in the prior art. The dredging device includes a crawling mechanism and an explosive fixing mechanism. The crawling mechanism is annular, and the crawling direction is along the axial direction. One end of the fixing mechanism is connected to the end of the crawling mechanism, and the other end is provided with an explosive. The component of the fixing mechanism can be connected and fixed to the chute wall and can be separated from the crawling mechanism. By designing the crawling mechanism and the explosive fixing mechanism, effective dredging of the chute blockage is achieved. The crawling mechanism ensures that the device can move stably along the axial direction of the chute, while the fixing mechanism can firmly fix the explosive in the blocked position. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can not only solve the problem of chute blockage safely and efficiently, but also ensure the smooth progress of mine production, reducing maintenance costs and safety hazards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mine chute dredging, and in particular relates to a blasting dredging device and method for treating mine chute blockage. Background Art

[0002] A chute is a crucial facility in underground mining, primarily used for the vertical transportation of ore and waste rock. During the mining process, the ore or waste rock is loaded into the chute, where it then slides down the shaft wall under its own weight to the transport system below, enabling efficient transfer of the ore or waste rock. The presence of a chute significantly improves mining transportation efficiency and reduces transportation costs.

[0003] However, in practice, chutes often face blockage issues. Due to the varying shapes and sizes of ore and waste rock, these chutes can become blocked, preventing the ore or waste rock from flowing properly. This not only impacts normal mine production but can also pose a safety hazard.

[0004] Once the chute blockage structure is formed, continuing to lower ore will only lead to worsening of the blockage. Safe and efficient chute clearing is a prerequisite for resuming production in the mine. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a blasting dredging device and method for treating mine chute blockage, which is used to solve the problem of how to dredge the chute when it is blocked in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention provides a blasting and unblocking device and method for treating blockage in a mine chute.

[0007] Among them, a blasting and unblocking device for handling blockages in mine chutes includes a crawling mechanism and an explosive fixing mechanism. The crawling mechanism is annular, and the crawling direction is along the axial direction. One end of the fixing mechanism is connected to the end of the crawling mechanism, and the other end is provided with an explosive. The components of the fixing mechanism can be connected and fixed to the chute wall and can be separated from the crawling mechanism.

[0008] Optionally, the crawling mechanism includes an annular structure and a rod-shaped structure, at least two groups of the annular structures are coaxial and spaced apart, at least three rod-shaped structures are arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular structure and connected to the annular structure to form a columnar cage, at both ends of the columnar cage, at least three groups of power-driven rollers are provided on the outer circumference of the annular structure;

[0009] The fixing mechanism is detachably connected to the annular structure at one end of the crawling mechanism. The fixing mechanism is provided with at least three radial drill bits that can drill into the wall of the chute to connect and fix the fixing mechanism to the wall of the chute.

[0010] The detachable connection mode between the fixing mechanism and the crawling mechanism is an electromagnetic adsorption or an electrically controlled latch structure.

[0011] Optionally, the fixing mechanism includes two sets of back-to-back climbing frames, each of which includes a fixed ring, a movable ring, a telescopic portion, and a retractable portion;

[0012] The fixed rings of the two groups of climbing frames are fixedly connected to form an intermediate frame, and the movable rings of the two groups of climbing frames are respectively located on both sides of the intermediate frame;

[0013] The telescopic portion is connected between the fixed ring and the movable ring to adjust the axial distance of the movable ring relative to the intermediate frame;

[0014] The retractable portion is connected to the outer periphery of the movable ring, and the radial distance between the outer abutting structure of the retractable portion and the movable ring is adjusted.

[0015] Optionally, the power source of the telescopic portion is a first telescopic cylinder, and the housing and the telescopic shaft of the first telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the fixed ring and the movable ring;

[0016] The power source of the retracting and expanding part is a second telescopic cylinder, and the housing and the telescopic shaft of the second telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the movable ring and the abutting structure.

[0017] Optionally, the power source of the telescopic portion is a third telescopic cylinder, the housing of the third telescopic cylinder is connected to the fixed ring, and the telescopic axis of the third telescopic cylinder faces the movable ring;

[0018] The retracting and expanding portion includes a rotary power source, a nut seat, an abutting bracket, and a retracting and expanding bracket. The housing of the rotary power source is connected to the movable ring, and the rotating axis of the rotary power source faces the fixed ring.

[0019] The telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder and the rotating shaft of the rotary power source are coaxially connected to form an integral whole;

[0020] A thread is provided on the rotating shaft of the rotating power source, the nut seat is threadedly matched with the rotating shaft, one end of the abutment bracket is hinged to the movable ring, and the other end is provided with an abutment structure, one end of the retractable bracket is hinged to the nut seat, and the other end is hinged to the abutment bracket.

[0021] Optionally, the cross-section of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder is rectangular;

[0022] The end of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder has a "T"-shaped disc-shaped protruding structure, and the end of the rotating shaft of the rotary power source has a matching concave structure. The protruding structure and the concave structure form a coaxial connection structure, connecting the telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft into a coaxial rod that can rotate with each other;

[0023] The abutment structure is a block hinged to the end of the abutment bracket;

[0024] Alternatively, the abutment structure is an abutment wheel rotatably disposed at the end of the abutment bracket.

[0025] Optionally, the fixing mechanism includes a disc-shaped bottom base and an explosive seat, and a piercing mechanism connected therebetween, the explosive seat being located above the bottom base, and the piercing mechanism being arranged in at least three groups around the circumference;

[0026] The insertion mechanism includes: a driving rod, a driven rod, a hinge seat and a connecting rod;

[0027] The driving rod is rotatably engaged with the base, the tail end of the driving rod is located at the center of the base and is driven to rotate by a power mechanism, and the head end faces the outer periphery along the radius of the base;

[0028] One end of the driven rod is threadedly engaged with the head end of the driving rod, and the other end is provided with a hole wall connection structure for fixing to the hole wall;

[0029] The hinge seat is connected to the driven rod, and the two ends of the connecting rod are hinged to the hinge seat and the explosive seat respectively.

[0030] Optionally, at the connection between the driving rod and the driven rod, the inner diameter of the driven rod is threadedly matched with the outer diameter of the driving rod, and the outer end of the connection between the driven rod and the driving rod is provided with an arc-shaped sheet structure, the inner concave surface of the arc-shaped sheet structure faces the bottom of the chute, and the curvature of the arc-shaped sheet structure is less than or equal to 180 degrees.

[0031] Optionally, the power mechanism includes a power source, a driving gear and a driven gear;

[0032] The power source is located in the center area of ​​the base, the driving gear is installed on the output shaft of the power source, and a driven gear is installed at the tail end of each driving rod, and each driven gear is engaged with the driving gear.

[0033] Among them, a method for blasting and unblocking a blockage in a mine chute, using the above-mentioned device for blasting and unblocking a blockage in a mine chute, comprises the following steps:

[0034] Locate the blockage in the chute;

[0035] The blasting and unblocking device for treating a mine chute blockage is placed from the chute below the blocked area, and the crawling mechanism crawls up along the chute to the blockage;

[0036] After the fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chute, the fixing mechanism is separated from the crawling mechanism;

[0037] The crawling mechanism crawls down along the chute and detaches from the chute from the auxiliary passage;

[0038] remotely detonating the explosive on the fixing mechanism, so that the impact force of the explosion destroys the blocking structure;

[0039] The fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chute, comprising the following sub-steps:

[0040] The power mechanism drives the driving rod to rotate, and the driving rod drives the driven rod to move axially, and the hole wall connection structure of the driven rod is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the chute;

[0041] The power source rotates to drive the glue spraying nozzle to rotate, and at the same time the glue spraying nozzle sprays glue onto the surface of the sac-like structure. The sac-like structure is inflated by pressure and contacts the plugging body, and the sac-like structure and the plugging body are adhered and fixed.

[0042] As described above, the blasting dredging device and method for treating a blockage in a mine chute of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0043] By designing a crawling mechanism and explosive-fixing mechanism, the device effectively clears chute blockages. The crawling mechanism ensures stable axial movement along the chute, while the fixing mechanism securely secures the explosive in the obstruction. This device, with its simple structure and easy operation, safely and efficiently resolves chute blockages while ensuring smooth mine production, reducing maintenance costs and safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 Shown is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 It shows a schematic diagram of the crawling mechanism and the fixing mechanism of the present invention after being separated and located in the chute.

[0046] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the crawling mechanism of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 Shown as the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0048] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the connection between the telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft of the crawling mechanism of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 7 Shown as the present invention Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0051] Figure 8 Shown as the present invention Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0052] Figure 9 It shows a schematic diagram of the crawling mechanism and the fixing mechanism of the present invention after being separated.

[0053] Figure 10 Shown is a schematic diagram of the glue spray nozzle and the rotating support platform of the present invention.

[0054] Among them: fixed ring 10, movable ring 11, telescopic part 2, third telescopic cylinder 20, retracting and expanding part 3, rotating power source 30, nut seat 31, abutting bracket 32, retracting and expanding bracket 33, friction wheel 34, ratchet 35, pawl 36, push rod 37, coaxial connection structure 2130, bottom base 7, first support seat 70, second support seat 71, pressure detector 72, explosive seat 4, sac-like structure 40, explosive 41, piercing mechanism 5, driving rod 50, driven rod 51, arc-shaped sheet structure 511, hinged seat 52, connecting rod 53, hole wall connection structure 54, driving gear 55, driven gear 56, glue nozzle 6, rotating support platform 60, cavity area 61, glue hose 62. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. People skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0056] See also Figures 1 to 10 . It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0057] The following embodiments are for illustration only and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0058] For this example, please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides an embodiment of a blasting dredging device and method for treating mine chute blockage.

[0059] Among them, a blasting and unblocking device for handling blockages in mine chutes includes a crawling mechanism and an explosive fixing mechanism. The crawling mechanism is annular, and the crawling direction is along the axial direction. One end of the fixing mechanism is connected to the end of the crawling mechanism, and the other end is provided with an explosive. The components of the fixing mechanism can be connected and fixed to the chute wall and can be separated from the crawling mechanism.

[0060] The device works as follows: When a chute becomes blocked, the device is lowered from the bottom of the chute and then climbs up the chute. When it reaches the underside of the blockage, the device's fixing mechanism activates, securing the fixing mechanism in its current position (to the blockage and / or the chute wall), with the explosive material positioned below the blockage. The fixing mechanism then separates from the crawling mechanism, leaving the fixing mechanism and explosive material in place. The crawling mechanism then descends along the chute wall and withdraws from the chute. The explosive material in the fixing mechanism is then remotely detonated, with the explosive material impacting the blockage from below, destroying it and thus clearing the chute.

[0061] The blasting dredging device in the above-mentioned embodiment significantly improves the efficiency and safety of handling blockages in mine chutes. The device adopts automated operation, eliminating the need for manual entry into the chute, which greatly reduces operational risks. By remotely controlling the collaborative operation of the crawling mechanism and the fixing mechanism, it is ensured that the explosives can be accurately positioned on the lower side of the blockage structure, achieving efficient dredging. The impact force generated by the explosion destroys the blockage structure from the bottom, effectively avoiding dredging failures and ensuring that the chute quickly resumes normal operation. This device not only improves the dredging success rate, but also reduces maintenance costs, avoids operators from entering the chute, and provides a strong guarantee for safe production in mines.

[0062] In this embodiment, the crawling mechanism comprises an annular structure and a rod-shaped structure. At least two sets of annular structures are coaxially and spaced apart. At least three rod-shaped structures are arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular structure and connected to the annular structure to form a cylindrical cage. At least three sets of powered rollers are installed on the outer circumference of the annular structure at each end of the cylindrical cage. When crawling is required, the three sets of rollers support the wall of the chute at 120 degrees, and the rolling of the rollers allows the crawling mechanism to move along the axis of the chute.

[0063] The fixing mechanism is removably connected to an annular structure at one end of the crawling mechanism. It is equipped with at least three radially oriented drill bits (perpendicular to the shaft axis) that penetrate the shaft wall to secure the fixing mechanism there. Once the crawling mechanism reaches below the blocking structure, it remains fixed in position. The fixing mechanism's drill bits then begin drilling toward the shaft wall. With at least three drill bits penetrating the shaft wall, a relatively stable fixing structure is formed.

[0064] The fixing mechanism is then separated from the crawling mechanism, the fixing mechanism (carrying the explosive) remains in place, and the crawling mechanism moves down and out of the chute.

[0065] The removable connection between the fixed and crawling mechanisms can be achieved through electromagnetic suction or an electrically controlled latch. For example, the crawling mechanism has an electromagnetic suction cup at the top and an iron area at the bottom of the fixed mechanism. The fixed and crawling mechanisms are attached and detached by controlling the power supply to the electromagnetic suction cup.

[0066] This embodiment is one possible implementation of a crawling mechanism. The crawling mechanism includes two sets of crawling frames arranged in back-to-back directions. The crawling frames include a fixed ring 10, a movable ring 11, a telescopic portion 2, and a retractable portion 3.

[0067] The fixed rings 10 of the two climbing frames are fixedly connected to form an intermediate frame, and the movable rings 11 of the two climbing frames are located on either side of the intermediate frame. The telescopic portion 2 is connected between the fixed ring 10 and the movable ring 11 to adjust the axial distance of the movable ring 11 relative to the intermediate frame. The retractable portion 3 is connected to the outer periphery of the movable ring 11 to adjust the radial distance between the outer abutment structure of the retractable portion 3 and the movable ring 11. At least three sets of retractable portions 3 are arranged equidistantly along the circumference of the fixed ring 10 to ensure stable support on the well wall.

[0068] In the above embodiment, the working principle of the crawling mechanism is:

[0069] Initially, the telescopic parts 2 of the two sets of climbing frames are extended, making the crawling mechanism have a larger length. The retractable parts 3 at both ends of the crawling mechanism are expanded, and the abutment structures of the retractable parts 3 abut against the wall of the chute, so that the crawling mechanism can be fixed in the chute;

[0070] In the first step, on one set of climbing frames of the climbing mechanism, the retracting and expanding part 3 is tightened to separate the abutting structure from the well wall; on the other set of climbing frames, the retracting and expanding part 3 is kept expanded and abutted and fixed against the well wall;

[0071] In the second step, the telescopic portion 2 of the crawling mechanism is retracted, shortening the overall length of the crawling mechanism. Since one set of the crawling frames of the crawling mechanism remains in contact with the wall of the chute, this side will remain stationary, while the other side will move along the axis of the chute.

[0072] In the third step, the retracted telescopic portion 2 opens and maintains contact with the wall of the chute. Then, the extended telescopic portion 2 contracts and detaches from the wall. The telescopic portion 2 of the crawling mechanism extends, lengthening the overall length of the crawling mechanism. Because one set of crawling frames of the crawling mechanism remains in contact with the wall of the chute, this side remains stationary, while the other side moves along the axis of the chute.

[0073] The fourth step is to repeat the above process, allowing the crawling mechanism to creep along the axial direction of the chute. The explosive used to clear the blockage is transported to the blockage in the chute, and then the fixing mechanism fixes the explosive under the blockage in the chute. The impact force generated by the explosive detonation clears the chute.

[0074] Furthermore, with regard to the telescopic part 2 of the crawling mechanism, the power source of the telescopic part 2 is the first telescopic cylinder, and the shell and telescopic shaft of the first telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the fixed ring 10 and the movable ring 11; the power source of the retracting and expanding part 3 is the second telescopic cylinder, and the shell and telescopic shaft of the second telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the movable ring 11 and the abutment structure.

[0075] The second telescopic cylinder extends perpendicularly to the first telescopic cylinder of telescopic section 2. That is, the first telescopic cylinder extends along the axial direction of the well, while the second telescopic cylinder extends along the diameter of the well. This allows the abutment structure at its distal end to contact the well wall when the second telescopic cylinder extends, and to disengage from the wall when the second telescopic cylinder retracts. The movement of the first telescopic cylinder alters the spacing between fixed ring 10 and movable ring 11, thereby achieving a peristaltic forward motion through alternating extension and contraction of the retractable section, which in turn engages and releases the well wall.

[0076] As an alternative to the above embodiment, this embodiment provides another structure of the retractable and telescopic parts. The power source of the telescopic part 2 is the third telescopic cylinder 20. The shell of the third telescopic cylinder 20 is connected to the fixed ring 10, and the telescopic axis of the third telescopic cylinder 20 faces the movable ring 11.

[0077] The retracting and expanding portion 3 includes a rotary power source 30, a nut seat 31, an abutting bracket 32, and a retracting and expanding bracket 33. The housing of the rotary power source 30 is connected to the movable ring 11, and the rotating axis of the rotary power source 30 faces the fixed ring 10.

[0078] The telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 and the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30 are coaxially connected as one; a thread is provided on the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30, and the nut seat 31 cooperates with the rotating shaft thread. One end of the abutment bracket 32 ​​is hinged to the movable ring 11, and an abutment structure is provided at the other end. One end of the retractable bracket 33 is hinged to the nut seat 31, and the other end is hinged to the abutment bracket 32.

[0079] In the above embodiment, when the crawling mechanism needs to change its length along the axial direction, the third telescopic cylinder 20 is extended and retracted; when the retracting and expanding part 3 on one side of the crawling mechanism needs to be retracted and expanded, the rotary power source 30 rotates to drive the nut seat 31 to slide along the axis, thereby pushing or pulling the abutment bracket 32 ​​to flip through the retracting and expanding bracket 33, so that the abutment structure at the end of the abutment bracket 32 ​​abuts or disengages from the chute wall.

[0080] In the above embodiment, the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 and the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30 are coaxially connected and integrally formed, with the connection being rotationally engaged. This prevents power from being transmitted to the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 when the rotary power source 30 rotates. Even if power is transmitted, it is minimal, less than the power generated by friction at the connection between the two shafts. The structure of the third telescopic cylinder 20 resembles a syringe. Although the housing and telescopic shaft (piston rod) can rotate in addition to axial sliding, this connection minimizes the transmission of significant rotational power from the rotary power source 30 to the third telescopic cylinder 20, improving the reliability of the telescopic cylinder and preventing problems such as fluid leakage.

[0081] Furthermore, in order to further prevent the rotational power of the rotary power source 30 from being transmitted to the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 has a rectangular cross-section (typically, the telescopic shaft of a telescopic cylinder has a circular cross-section). Consequently, the shaft exit hole at the shaft exit of the telescopic cylinder housing is also rectangular. The shaft exit hole and the telescopic shaft can only slide axially, preventing the telescopic rod from rotating. Although the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30, when the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30 rotates, it can only rotate relative to the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 and does not drive the rotation of the third telescopic cylinder 20.

[0082] The end of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder 20 has a "T"-shaped disc-shaped protruding structure, which means it has two stepped shafts with different diameters. The end of the rotating shaft of the rotary power source 30 has a matching concave structure. The protruding structure and the concave structure form a coaxial connection structure 2130, connecting the telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft into coaxial rods that can rotate with each other, maintaining circular rotation coordination while preventing axial displacement or even separation.

[0083] In this embodiment, the abutment structure is a block hinged to the end of the abutment bracket 32;

[0084] Alternatively, the abutment structure is an abutment wheel rotatably arranged at the end of the abutment bracket 32. The abutment wheel includes two friction wheels 34, which are coaxially arranged on both sides of the abutment bracket 32. The abutment wheel includes a friction wheel 34 and a ratchet 35, which are coaxially arranged on both sides of the abutment bracket 32; on one side of the ratchet 35, the retracting and expanding part 3 is also provided with a pawl 36 and a push rod 37, the pawl 36 is hinged to the retracting and expanding part 3, and the push rod 37 adjusts the angle of the pawl 36, so that the pawl 36 can be engaged or disengaged from the ratchet 35. The outer layer of the abutment structure is provided with a rubber cushion layer. On the two sets of crawling frames, the ratchet direction of the ratchet 35 is symmetrical about the middle frame. In the above embodiment, the ratchet 35, the push rod 37 and the pawl 36 cooperate to lock the friction wheel 34, increase the abutment and fixing stability of the crawling mechanism and the chute wall when the friction wheel 34 is used as the abutment structure, and prevent the crawling mechanism from sliding down unexpectedly.

[0085] In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism includes a disc-shaped bottom base 7 and an explosive seat 4, and a piercing mechanism 5 connected therebetween. The explosive seat 4 is located above the bottom base 7, and the piercing mechanism 5 is arranged in at least three groups around the circumference; the piercing mechanism 5 includes: a driving rod 50, a driven rod 51, a hinge seat 52 and a connecting rod 53; the driving rod 50 is rotatably matched with the bottom base 7, the tail end of the driving rod 50 is located at the center of the bottom base 7 and is driven to rotate by the power mechanism, and the head end faces the periphery along the radius of the bottom base 7; one end of the driven rod 51 is threadedly matched with the head end of the driving rod 50, and the other end is provided with a hole wall connection structure 54 for fixing to the hole wall; the hinge seat 52 is connected to the driven rod 51, and the two ends of the connecting rod 53 are respectively hinged to the hinge seat 52 and the explosive seat 4.

[0086] During operation, the fixing mechanism is installed on the top of the vehicle, and the vehicle carries the fixing mechanism to the lower side of the blocked area of ​​the chute. Then the power mechanism drives the driving rod 50 to rotate, and the articulated seat 52 is connected to the driven rod 51 as a whole. The articulated seat 52 and the connecting rod 53 limit the rotation of the driven rod 51. Under the action of the threaded cooperation between the driving rod 50 and the driven rod 51, the driven rod 51 will extend along the axis, thereby piercing or abutting the hole wall connection structure 54 at the end of the driven rod 51 against the hole wall of the chute. At least three groups of hole wall connection structures 54 arranged circumferentially can enable the fixing mechanism to be relatively stably fixed in the chute. Then the top of the vehicle is separated from the fixing mechanism, and the vehicle leaves the chute. The explosives carried by the explosive seat 4 on the fixing mechanism are remotely detonated. The impact force generated by the explosion destroys the blocking structure in the chute, and falls to the bottom of the chute under the action of gravity, thereby clearing the chute.

[0087] Furthermore, the hole wall connection structure 54 is a sharp piercing structure or a planar abutment structure. During specific implementation, a matching hole wall connection structure 54 is selected according to the hole wall condition that blocks the chute. Specifically, the sharp piercing structure has better firmness, but there are problems such as difficulty in piercing and implementation in the chute of the rock wall. The planar abutment structure does not need to be pierced into the hole wall, but there may be problems of insufficient friction and poor stability for hole walls that are too smooth. In some cases, the two can also be combined, and multiple sharp piercing structures can be set on the planar abutment structure. The planar abutment structure can use a rubber pad with a certain deformation ability to increase friction and abutment adaptability.

[0088] Furthermore, at the connection between the driving rod 50 and the driven rod 51, the inner diameter of the driven rod 51 is threadedly matched with the outer diameter of the driving rod 50, and the outer end of the connection between the driven rod 51 and the driving rod 50 is provided with an arc-shaped sheet structure 511, the inner concave surface of the arc-shaped sheet structure 511 faces the bottom of the chute, and the curvature of the arc-shaped sheet structure 511 is less than or equal to 180 degrees.

[0089] During the process of the driving rod 50 rotating and driving the driven rod 51 toward the wall of the chute, when the distance moved relative to the driving rod 50 by the driven rod 51 exceeds a certain range, the head end of the driving rod 50 detaches from the annular rod body of the driven rod 51 and reaches the area of ​​the arc-shaped sheet structure 511. At this time, if the carrier moves downward with the base 7 and the driving rod 50, the base 7 and the driving rod 50 can be directly separated from the driven rod 51, the connecting rod 53, and the explosive seat 4. The multiple groups of driven rods 51 and connecting rods 53 distributed in an annular manner can form a stable support structure to support the explosive seat 4. The weight of the explosive seat 4 is relatively large, and the support structure of the driven rods 51 and connecting rods 53 is relatively stable. The advantage of this is that before dredging the chute by blasting, other components can be removed as much as possible, reducing material loss and dredging costs.

[0090] In this embodiment, the power mechanism includes a power source, a driving gear 55 and a driven gear 56;

[0091] The power source is located in the center of the base 7. A driving gear 55 is mounted on the output shaft of the power source. A driven gear 56 is mounted at the tail end of each drive rod 50, and each driven gear 56 meshes with the driving gear 55. The hole wall connection structure 54 is a sharp piercing structure or a planar abutment structure. The base 7 is provided with first support blocks 70, the number of which corresponds to the number of piercing mechanisms 5. Each of the first support blocks 70 is provided with an upward-opening chute. The connecting rod 53 is slidably connected to the chute and can be detached from the top of the chute. The bottom base 7 is provided with second support blocks 71, the number of which corresponds to the number of piercing mechanisms 5. Pressure detectors 72 are mounted on the second support blocks 71. The bottom of the pressure detectors 72 is fixedly connected to the second support blocks 71, and the top of the pressure detectors 72 is provided with an abutment groove that abuts against the explosive base 4, allowing separation during relative movement. Multiple groups of bladder structures 40 and explosives 41 are mounted on the upper side of the explosive base 4. The bladder structures 40 are connected to pipelines. A glue nozzle 6 is fixedly connected to the end of the power source output shaft. The glue nozzle 6 sprays glue along the radius of the explosive base 4, toward the area of ​​the bladder structures 40. The glue nozzle 6 is supplied with glue via a rotating support 60. One side of the rotating support 60 is fixedly connected to the bottom base 7, and the other side is rotatably engaged with the outer periphery of the glue nozzle 6. Inside this rotatable engagement area, the glue nozzle 6 has a reduced-diameter cavity 61, which communicates with the nozzle and is also connected to a hose 62 for supplying glue. The glue material sprayed by the glue spraying nozzle 6 is epoxy resin glue, polyester resin glue or polyurethane glue. The connecting rod 53 and the explosive seat 4 main body are made of wood material.

[0092] This embodiment is an embodiment of a method for treating a blockage in a mine chute by blasting and unblocking. The method adopts the device for treating a blockage in a mine chute by blasting and unblocking as described in 1 above, and includes the following steps:

[0093] Locate the blockage in the chute;

[0094] A blasting and unblocking device for treating a mine chute blockage is placed from the chute below the blockage area, and a crawling mechanism crawls up along the chute to the blockage;

[0095] After the fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chute, the fixing mechanism is separated from the crawling mechanism;

[0096] The crawling mechanism crawls down along the chute and detaches from the chute from the auxiliary passage;

[0097] Remotely detonate the explosives on the fixed mechanism, and the impact of the explosion destroys the blocking structure;

[0098] The fixed connection between the fixing mechanism and the chute includes the following sub-steps:

[0099] The power mechanism drives the driving rod 50 to rotate, and the driving rod 50 drives the driven rod 51 to move axially. The hole wall connecting structure 54 of the driven rod 51 is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the chute;

[0100] The rotation of the power source drives the glue spraying nozzle 6 to rotate, and at the same time the glue spraying nozzle 6 sprays glue onto the surface of the bladder structure 40. The bladder structure 40 is inflated by pressure and contacts the blocking body, and the bladder structure 40 is adhered and fixed to the blocking body.

[0101] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art, can produce beneficial technical effects, and has significant progress.

[0102] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blasting and unblocking device for treating blockage in mine chutes, characterized by: It includes a crawling mechanism and an explosive fixing mechanism. The crawling mechanism is annular and crawls in the axial direction. One end of the fixing mechanism is connected to the end of the crawling mechanism, and the other end is provided with an explosive. The component of the fixing mechanism can be connected and fixed to the chute wall and can be separated from the crawling mechanism. The crawling mechanism includes an annular structure and a rod-shaped structure, at least two groups of the annular structures are coaxial and spaced apart, at least three rod-shaped structures are arranged in an array along the circumference of the annular structure and connected to the annular structure to form a cylindrical cage, and at least three groups of power-driven rollers are provided on the outer circumference of the annular structure at both ends of the cylindrical cage; The fixing mechanism is detachably connected to an annular structure at one end of the crawling mechanism. The fixing mechanism is provided with at least three radial drill bits that can drill into the wall of the chute to securely connect the fixing mechanism to the wall of the chute. The detachable connection between the fixing mechanism and the crawling mechanism is achieved by electromagnetic adsorption or an electrically controlled latch structure. The fixing mechanism comprises two groups of climbing frames arranged in a back-to-back manner, and the climbing frames comprise a fixed ring (10), a movable ring (11), a telescopic portion (2) and a retractable portion (3); the fixed rings (10) of the two groups of the climbing frames are fixedly connected to form an intermediate frame, and the movable rings (11) of the two groups of the climbing frames are respectively located on both sides of the intermediate frame; the telescopic portion (2) is connected between the fixed ring (10) and the movable ring (11) to adjust the axial distance of the movable ring (11) relative to the intermediate frame; the retractable portion (3) is connected to the outer periphery of the movable ring (11) to adjust the radial distance between the outer abutting structure of the retractable portion (3) and the movable ring (11); The power source of the telescopic part (2) is a first telescopic cylinder, the housing and the telescopic shaft of the first telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the fixed ring (10) and the movable ring (11); the power source of the retractable part (3) is a second telescopic cylinder, the housing and the telescopic shaft of the second telescopic cylinder are respectively connected to the movable ring (11) and the abutment structure.

2. The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power source of the telescopic portion (2) is a third telescopic cylinder (20), the shell of the third telescopic cylinder (20) is connected to the fixed ring (10), and the telescopic axis of the third telescopic cylinder (20) faces the movable ring (11); The retracting and expanding portion (3) comprises a rotary power source (30), a nut seat (31), an abutting bracket (32) and a retracting and expanding bracket (33); the housing of the rotary power source (30) is connected to the movable ring (11), and the rotating axis of the rotary power source (30) faces the fixed ring (10); The telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder (20) and the rotating shaft of the rotary power source (30) are coaxially connected to form an integral whole; The rotating shaft of the rotating power source (30) is provided with a thread, the nut seat (31) is engaged with the rotating shaft thread, one end of the abutment bracket (32) is hinged to the movable ring (11), and the other end is provided with an abutment structure, and one end of the retracting and expanding bracket (33) is hinged to the nut seat (31), and the other end is hinged to the abutment bracket (32).

3. The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder (20) is rectangular; The end of the telescopic shaft of the third telescopic cylinder (20) has a "T"-shaped disc-shaped protruding structure, and the end of the rotating shaft of the rotary power source (30) has a matching concave structure, and the protruding structure and the concave structure form a coaxial connection structure (2130), connecting the telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft into a coaxial rod that rotates with each other; The abutment structure is a block hinged to the end of the abutment bracket (32); Alternatively, the abutment structure is an abutment wheel rotatably arranged at the end of the abutment bracket (32).

4. The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism comprises a disc-shaped bottom base (7) and an explosive seat (4), and a piercing mechanism (5) connected therebetween, wherein the explosive seat (4) is located above the bottom base (7), and the piercing mechanism (5) is arranged in at least three groups around the circumference; The piercing mechanism (5) comprises: a driving rod (50), a driven rod (51), a hinge seat (52) and a connecting rod (53); The driving rod (50) is rotatably engaged with the base (7), the tail end of the driving rod (50) is located at the center of the base (7) and is driven to rotate by a power mechanism, and the head end faces the outer periphery along the radius of the base (7); One end of the driven rod (51) is threadedly engaged with the head end of the driving rod (50), and the other end is provided with a hole wall connecting structure (54) for fixing to the hole wall; The hinged seat (52) is connected to the driven rod (51), and the two ends of the connecting rod (53) are hinged to the hinged seat (52) and the explosive seat (4) respectively.

5. The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blockage in a mine chute according to claim 4, characterized in that: At the connection point between the driving rod (50) and the driven rod (51), the inner diameter of the driven rod (51) is threadedly matched with the outer diameter of the driving rod (50), and an arc-shaped sheet structure (511) is provided at the outer end of the connection point between the driven rod (51) and the driving rod (50), the inner concave surface of the arc-shaped sheet structure (511) faces the bottom of the chute, and the arc of the arc-shaped sheet structure (511) is less than or equal to 180 degrees.

6. The blasting and unblocking device for treating a blocked mine chute according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power mechanism includes a power source, a driving gear (55) and a driven gear (56); The power source is located in the central area of ​​the base (7), the driving gear (55) is installed on the output shaft of the power source, and a driven gear (56) is installed at the tail end of each driving rod (50), and each driven gear (56) is meshed with the driving gear (55).

7. A method for blasting and unblocking a blockage in a mine chute, using the blasting and unblocking device for blasting and unblocking a blockage in a mine chute as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: Locate the blockage in the chute; The blasting and unblocking device for treating a mine chute blockage is placed from the chute below the blocked area, and the crawling mechanism crawls up along the chute to the blockage; After the fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chute, the fixing mechanism is separated from the crawling mechanism; The crawling mechanism crawls down along the chute and detaches from the chute from the auxiliary passage; remotely detonating the explosive on the fixing mechanism, so that the impact force of the explosion destroys the blocking structure; The fixing mechanism is fixedly connected to the chute, comprising the following sub-steps: The power mechanism drives the driving rod (50) to rotate, and the driving rod (50) drives the driven rod (51) to move axially, and the hole wall connection structure (54) of the driven rod (51) is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the chute; The power source rotates to drive the glue spraying nozzle (6) to rotate, and at the same time, the glue spraying nozzle (6) sprays glue onto the surface of the sac-like structure (40). The sac-like structure (40) is filled with pressure and bulges and contacts the blocking body, and the sac-like structure (40) is adhered and fixed to the blocking body.

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