System and method for monitoring tilt and non-uniform settlement of wind power tower

Abstract

The present application provides a system and method for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower, the system comprising a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, an early warning unit, a display unit and a power supply unit. The data acquisition unit is composed of an inclination sensor, an acceleration sensor and a displacement measurement sensor. The data processing unit performs normalization processing and signal filtering on the collected data, generates a three-dimensional state model of the tower based on the processed data, and determines whether there is an abnormality. The early warning unit triggers an on-site sound and light alarm according to the abnormal judgment result, and sends an alarm message to a remote monitoring center through a communication module. The display unit is used to display the monitoring status and historical data of the tower in real time. The power supply unit provides continuous power support for each unit of the system. The system can accurately monitor the inclination, vibration and settlement status of the wind turbine tower and provide abnormal early warning, and is suitable for wind turbine tower status monitoring and maintenance in complex operating environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wind power equipment monitoring, and in particular to a system and method for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind power tower. Background Art

[0002] Wind power generation has been widely used as a clean and renewable energy source. Wind turbine towers are important supporting structures for wind turbines, and their long-term stable operation is directly related to the power generation efficiency and equipment safety of wind farms. However, due to the complex operating environment of wind turbine towers, they are often affected by factors such as wind loads, vibrations, and foundation settlement, which can easily lead to problems such as tilting, abnormal structural vibrations, or uneven foundation settlement. Once these problems occur, they may threaten the overall structural safety of the tower.

[0003] In the prior art, the structural status of wind turbine towers is usually monitored through distributed sensor systems. For example, the operating status of the tower is evaluated by detecting the inclination angle of the tower or the amount of foundation settlement. However, this type of monitoring system is usually based on single-dimensional monitoring, such as only focusing on the inclination of the tower or the amount of settlement in a certain area, and fails to fully reflect the overall health status of the tower. Especially when the foundation undergoes non-uniform settlement, the prior art cannot accurately identify abnormal conditions of the tower by combining multiple data, thereby affecting the timeliness and effectiveness of the early warning. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a system and method for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower, so as to solve the problem that the prior art cannot accurately identify abnormal conditions of the tower by combining multiple data, thereby affecting the timeliness and effectiveness of the early warning.

[0005] On the one hand, the present application provides a system for monitoring the tilt and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower, including a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, an early warning unit, a display unit, and a power supply unit: The data acquisition unit is used to collect the inclination data, vibration data and settlement data of the tower base at different positions, and transmit the data to the data processing unit; the data acquisition unit includes an inclination sensor, an acceleration sensor and a displacement measurement sensor; the inclination sensor is arranged at different heights of the tower, and is used to collect the inclination data of the tower in real time; the acceleration sensor is arranged in the tower cabin, and is used to monitor the vibration characteristics of the top of the tower; the displacement measurement sensor is arranged at multiple positions of the tower base, and is used to collect the settlement data of the tower base; The data processing unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to perform normalization processing and signal filtering on the data collected by the data acquisition unit, build a three-dimensional state model of the tower based on the tilt, vibration and settlement data, and determine whether there is an abnormality; The early warning unit is connected to the data processing unit and is used to trigger an on-site sound and light alarm according to the abnormality judgment result and send an alarm message to the remote monitoring center; The display unit is connected to the data processing unit and is used to display the monitoring status and historical data of the tower in real time; The power supply unit is used to provide power support for each unit of the system.

[0006] In an optional implementation, the inclination sensor is a three-axis inclination sensor, the acceleration sensor is a three-axis MEMS acceleration sensor, and the displacement measurement sensor is a laser displacement sensor.

[0007] In an optional implementation, the data processing unit includes a preprocessing module, a filtering module, a modeling module, and an abnormality analysis module; The preprocessing module is used to normalize the tilt data, vibration data and settlement data to eliminate the dimensional differences of different types of data; A filtering module is used to perform signal filtering on the preprocessed data to remove interference from environmental noise; A modeling module is used to generate a three-dimensional state model of the tower based on the processed tilt data, vibration data and settlement data to characterize the real-time operating state of the tower; The abnormality analysis module is used to detect whether the inclination angle of the tower exceeds the set threshold, whether the vibration of the tower cabin is abnormal, and whether there is non-uniform settlement characteristics in the tower foundation settlement distribution based on the three-dimensional state model.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the early warning unit includes an audible and visual alarm device and a communication module; The sound and light alarm device is used to send out an on-site warning signal in an abnormal state; The communication module is used to send alarm information to the remote monitoring center.

[0009] In an optional implementation, the display unit includes a real-time display module, a historical data module and an alarm information display module; The real-time display module is used to display the real-time monitoring data of the tilt state, vibration characteristics and settlement distribution of the tower in a graphical manner; The historical data module is used to store and display the historical monitoring data of the tower in different time periods for operation and maintenance personnel to perform trend analysis; The alarm information display module is used to display the alarm information sent by the early warning unit, including the alarm time, abnormal location and abnormal type.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the power supply unit includes a main power supply module, a backup battery module and a power management module; The main power supply module provides the power required for normal operation of the system through the power supply of the wind turbine tower; The backup battery module is used to provide emergency power support for the system when the main power module fails; The power management module is used to monitor the power supply status, automatically switch between the main power module and the backup battery module, and charge and monitor the power of the backup battery module.

[0011] In an optional implementation, the data processing unit further includes a data storage module for locally storing the collected raw data and processed analysis results, and supporting the export of offline data.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the communication module supports multiple communication protocols, including LoRa communication protocol, 4G / 5G cellular network and Ethernet protocol, to adapt to different remote monitoring needs.

[0013] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower, using the above-mentioned system for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower provided by the present application, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Collect the tilt data, vibration data and settlement data of the tower base at different positions through the data acquisition unit; Step 2: normalize the collected data through the data processing unit to eliminate the dimensional differences between different data, perform signal filtering to remove environmental noise in the data, and generate a three-dimensional state model of the tower based on the processed tilt data, vibration data and settlement data; Step 3: Analyze the inclination data, vibration data and settlement data of the tower based on the three-dimensional state model to determine whether there is any abnormality in the tower; Step 4: When the judgment result is abnormal, the early warning unit triggers an on-site sound and light alarm, and sends an alarm message to the remote monitoring center; Step 5: Display the monitoring status of the tower in real time in a graphical manner through the display unit, and provide historical data for operation and maintenance personnel to query.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The data acquisition unit of the present application is composed of an inclination sensor, an acceleration sensor and a displacement measurement sensor, which are respectively arranged at different heights of the tower, multiple positions of the tower cabin and the tower base, forming a multi-dimensional data acquisition layout. Through the reasonable design and arrangement of the data acquisition unit, comprehensive monitoring of the multi-dimensional operating status of the wind turbine tower can be achieved. The inclination sensor is arranged at different heights of the tower to collect inclination data at different positions, thereby providing real-time reflection of the tower posture; the acceleration sensor is arranged in the tower cabin to monitor the vibration characteristics of the top of the tower, so as to capture the dynamic impact of the external environment and equipment operation on the tower; the displacement measurement sensor is arranged at multiple positions of the tower base to collect settlement data of different areas of the tower base, thereby reflecting the distribution of foundation settlement. This multi-point arrangement of sensors ensures comprehensive perception of the static (tilt, settlement) and dynamic (vibration) states of the tower structure, avoiding monitoring blind spots caused by a single sensor layout. This multi-dimensional sensor layout effectively covers the static and dynamic operating characteristics of the tower, and can fully reflect the operating status of the wind turbine tower in a complex environment. By obtaining more abundant operating status data, it lays a solid foundation for subsequent analysis and overcomes the problems of insufficient data collection scope and dimension in existing technologies.

[0015] 2. The data processing unit of the present application is connected to the data acquisition unit, and can improve the accuracy of data processing and abnormality identification through normalization processing, signal filtering and generation of a three-dimensional state model. Normalization processing can eliminate the dimensional differences between different sensor data, and signal filtering can reduce the interference of environmental noise and ensure the reliability of the data; a three-dimensional state model of the tower is generated based on the tilt, vibration and settlement data, which can comprehensively reflect the overall health status of the tower and determine whether there is an abnormality. This processing method solves the problem of insufficient data processing in the prior art and provides high-quality data support for abnormality identification.

[0016] 3. The combined design of the early warning unit and the display unit of the present application can enhance the safety early warning capability and information presentation effect of the monitoring system. The early warning unit is connected to the data processing unit, and can trigger on-site sound and light alarms according to the abnormal judgment results, and send alarm information to the remote monitoring center to provide timely risk warnings for operation and maintenance personnel; the display unit displays the monitoring status and historical data of the tower in real time, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively grasp the operating status and change trends of the tower. This combination of early warning and display functions shortens the time from problem discovery to response, and improves the safety and operation and maintenance efficiency of the monitoring system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a system for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data acquisition unit provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a data acquisition unit provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data processing unit provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an abnormality analysis module provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an early warning unit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display unit provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power supply unit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of a method for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application is clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work also fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a system for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower, including a data acquisition unit 100, a data processing unit 200, an early warning unit 300, a display unit 400 and a power supply unit 500.

[0021] The data acquisition unit 100 is used to collect the inclination data, vibration data and settlement data of the tower base at different positions, and transmit the data to the data processing unit 200.

[0022] like Figure 2 As shown, the data acquisition unit 100 includes a tilt sensor 110, an acceleration sensor 120 and a displacement measurement sensor 130; Figure 3 As shown, the inclination sensors 110 are arranged at different heights of the tower to collect the inclination data of the tower in real time. Specifically, the inclination sensors 110 are arranged at multiple height positions of the tower including the bottom, the middle and the top of the tower to collect the inclination data of the tower at different heights so as to monitor the overall inclination state; the inclination sensor at the bottom of the tower close to the tower base is used to monitor the inclination angle of the bottom, reflecting the influence of tower base settlement or structural deformation on the overall inclination of the tower; the inclination sensor at the middle height position of the tower is used to capture the inclination change of the middle section of the tower under the action of wind load or external force, and evaluate the deformation characteristics of the middle part; the inclination sensor at the top of the tower close to the tower cabin is used to monitor the inclination angle of the top, reflecting the dynamic response of the top under the influence of wind load and vibration. Through the multi-point arrangement of these inclination sensors, the system can fully perceive the inclination state of the tower and its dynamic changes, and provide reliable basic data for three-dimensional state modeling and abnormality analysis.

[0023] The acceleration sensor 120 is arranged in the tower cabin to monitor the vibration characteristics of the top of the tower, such as the dynamic response caused by the operation of the equipment or the vibration influence of the external environment. Since the tower cabin is the key position in the wind power tower structure that is most susceptible to wind load, mechanical vibration and operating equipment, the core equipment of the wind turbine (such as generator, gearbox, etc.) is usually installed in the tower cabin, which may cause vibration during its operation. These vibrations are transmitted to the tower base through the tower, which will have a potential impact on the stability of the overall structure. In addition, the tower cabin is at the top of the tower and is the area with the greatest wind load force. By arranging the acceleration sensor 120, the dynamic response characteristics of the tower cabin can be captured in real time, and the vibration changes caused by the operation of the equipment and the external environment can be monitored. The vibration data collected by the acceleration sensor 120 can reflect the operating status of the tower and the working conditions of the tower cabin equipment, provide accurate data support for the system's abnormality detection and vibration analysis, and help to timely identify the impact of equipment failures or external interference on the stability of the tower.

[0024] The displacement measurement sensors 130 are arranged at multiple positions of the tower foundation to collect the settlement data of the tower foundation. Specifically, the displacement measurement sensors 130 are arranged at multiple positions of the tower foundation, including the four corner points, the center position and the equally divided points of the peripheral edge. Among them, the displacement measurement sensors 130 arranged at the four corners of the tower foundation are used to monitor the settlement changes of the main structural load points, which is convenient for discovering local uneven settlement; the displacement measurement sensors 130 arranged at the center of the tower foundation are used to record the settlement trend of the entire tower foundation and provide global data for comprehensive analysis; the displacement measurement sensors 130 arranged at the equally divided points of the peripheral edge are used to monitor the settlement of the surrounding of the tower foundation, help discover abnormal settlement of the edge, and avoid potential impact on the stability of the tower. The displacement measurement sensor 130 is firmly connected to the tower foundation through a fixed base to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data. Through this arrangement, the displacement measurement sensor 130 can fully cover the areas where abnormal settlement of the tower foundation may occur, and provide the system with high-precision foundation settlement monitoring data.

[0025] The data processing unit 200 is connected to the data acquisition unit 100 and is used to perform normalization processing and signal filtering on the data collected by the data acquisition unit 100, build a three-dimensional state model of the tower based on the tilt, vibration and settlement data, and determine whether there is an abnormality; The early warning unit 300 is connected to the data processing unit 200 and is used to trigger an on-site sound and light alarm according to the abnormality judgment result and send an alarm message to a remote monitoring center; The display unit 400 is connected to the data processing unit 200 and is used to display the monitoring status and historical data of the tower in real time; The power supply unit 500 is used to provide power support for each unit of the system.

[0026] The embodiment of the present application provides a system for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower, wherein the data acquisition unit 100 is composed of an inclination sensor 110, an acceleration sensor 120 and a displacement measurement sensor 130, and these sensors are respectively arranged at multiple positions at different heights of the tower, the tower cabin and the tower base, to form a multi-dimensional data acquisition layout. Through the reasonable design and arrangement of the data acquisition unit 100, comprehensive monitoring of the multi-dimensional operating status of the wind turbine tower can be achieved. The inclination sensor 110 is arranged at different heights of the tower to collect inclination data at different positions, thereby providing real-time reflection of the tower posture; the acceleration sensor 120 is arranged in the tower cabin to monitor the vibration characteristics of the top of the tower, thereby being able to capture the dynamic impact of the external environment and equipment operation on the tower; the displacement measurement sensor 130 is arranged at multiple positions of the tower base to collect settlement data of different areas of the tower base, thereby reflecting the distribution of foundation settlement. This multi-point arrangement of sensors ensures comprehensive perception of the static (tilt, settlement) and dynamic (vibration) states of the tower structure, avoiding monitoring blind spots caused by a single sensor layout. This multi-dimensional sensor layout effectively covers the static and dynamic operating characteristics of the tower, and can fully reflect the operating status of the wind turbine tower in a complex environment. By obtaining more abundant operating status data, it lays a solid foundation for subsequent analysis and overcomes the problems of insufficient data collection scope and dimension in existing technologies.

[0027] Furthermore, the data processing unit 200 of the embodiment of the present application is connected to the data acquisition unit 100, and can improve the accuracy of data processing and abnormality identification through normalization processing, signal filtering and generation of a three-dimensional state model. Normalization processing can eliminate the dimensional differences between different sensor data, and signal filtering can reduce the interference of environmental noise and ensure the reliability of data; a three-dimensional state model of the tower is generated based on the tilt, vibration and settlement data, which can comprehensively reflect the overall health status of the tower and determine whether there is an abnormality. This processing method solves the problem of insufficient data processing in the prior art and provides high-quality data support for abnormality identification.

[0028] In addition, the combined design of the early warning unit 300 and the display unit 400 of the embodiment of the present application can enhance the safety early warning capability and information presentation effect of the monitoring system. The early warning unit 300 is connected to the data processing unit 200, and can trigger on-site sound and light alarms according to the abnormal judgment results, and send alarm information to the remote monitoring center to provide timely risk warnings for operation and maintenance personnel; the display unit 400 displays the monitoring status and historical data of the tower in real time, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively grasp the operating status and change trends of the tower. This combination of early warning and display functions shortens the time from problem discovery to response, and improves the safety and operation and maintenance efficiency of the monitoring system.

[0029] In some embodiments, the inclination sensor 110 is a three-axis inclination sensor, the acceleration sensor 120 is a three-axis MEMS acceleration sensor, and the displacement measurement sensor 130 is a laser displacement sensor.

[0030] The inclination sensor 110 adopts a three-axis inclination sensor, the acceleration sensor 120 adopts a three-axis MEMS acceleration sensor, and the displacement measurement sensor 130 adopts a laser displacement sensor. This design has significant advantages in terms of accuracy and comprehensiveness of data acquisition. The three-axis inclination sensor can simultaneously collect inclination angle data in the three directions of X, Y, and Z, and fully reflect the inclination state of the wind turbine tower in multi-dimensional space, which is suitable for accurate monitoring in complex wind farm environments; the three-axis MEMS acceleration sensor has the characteristics of miniaturization, low power consumption and anti-vibration interference, and can accurately capture the multi-directional vibration characteristics caused by the operation of the tower cabin, and adapt to the characteristics of frequent dynamic changes of wind turbines; the laser displacement sensor can provide high-precision tower foundation settlement data through non-contact measurement, especially when monitoring uneven settlement, it has the ability of fast response and high resolution. This sensor combination not only covers the key monitoring points of the wind turbine tower in terms of data acquisition range, but also performs well in signal acquisition stability and anti-interference ability, and can provide a high-quality data basis for subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the data processing unit 200 includes a preprocessing module 210, a filtering module 220, a modeling module 230, and an abnormality analysis module 240; A preprocessing module 210 is used to normalize the tilt data, vibration data and settlement data to eliminate the dimensional differences of different types of data; The filtering module 220 is used to perform signal filtering on the pre-processed data to remove interference from environmental noise; A modeling module 230, for generating a three-dimensional state model of the tower based on the processed tilt data, vibration data and settlement data to characterize the real-time operation state of the tower; The abnormality analysis module 240 is used to detect whether the inclination angle of the tower exceeds the set threshold, whether the vibration of the tower cabin is abnormal, and whether the tower foundation settlement distribution has non-uniform settlement characteristics based on the three-dimensional state model. Figure 5As shown, the abnormality analysis module 240 includes a tilt abnormality analysis unit 241, a vibration abnormality analysis unit 242 and a settlement abnormality analysis unit 243; the tilt abnormality analysis unit 241 is used to analyze the tilt data of the tower at different heights to determine whether the tilt angle exceeds a set threshold; the vibration abnormality analysis unit 242 is used to detect whether there is abnormal vibration based on the frequency spectrum characteristics of the tower cabin vibration data; the settlement abnormality analysis unit 243 is used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the tower foundation settlement data to determine whether there is a non-uniform settlement area.

[0032] In the above embodiment, by setting the preprocessing module 210, the filtering module 220, the modeling module 230 and the abnormal analysis module 240 in the data processing unit 200, the data processing unit 200 can divide the data processing into several clear steps during the data processing process, thereby improving the system's ability to analyze the tower state. The preprocessing module 210 first normalizes the tilt, vibration and settlement data to solve the dimensional difference problem between different types of data, so that these data can be used uniformly in subsequent steps; the filtering module 220 performs signal filtering on the preprocessed data to effectively remove the noise interference from the environment, making the data more stable and reliable; the modeling module 230 generates a three-dimensional state model of the tower according to the processed data, which can fully display the operating state and dynamic changes of the tower and provide a global perspective for analysis; the abnormal analysis module 240 is based on this three-dimensional model, combined with the changes in the tilt angle, vibration characteristics and settlement distribution, to determine whether the tower has abnormal tilt, abnormal vibration or non-uniform settlement. The entire design makes the data processing process clearer and can provide strong support for the safety and early warning functions of the monitoring system.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the early warning unit 300 includes an audible and visual alarm device 310 and a communication module 320; the audible and visual alarm device 310 is used to send an on-site warning signal under abnormal conditions; the communication module 320 is used to send alarm information to a remote monitoring center.

[0034] In the above embodiment, the early warning unit 300 is provided with an audible and visual alarm device 310 and a communication module 320, so that the early warning unit 300 has the dual functions of local alarm and remote information transmission, which can significantly improve the timeliness and applicability of abnormal early warning. The audible and visual alarm device 310 can immediately send out an audible and visual signal reminder on site when an abnormal state is detected. This intuitive warning method is convenient for on-site operation and maintenance personnel to quickly notice the problem and take timely countermeasures. The communication module 320 is responsible for transmitting the alarm information to the remote monitoring center, so that the remote operation and maintenance team can quickly understand the status of the tower and make decisions. In this embodiment, through the close cooperation of the audible and visual alarm device 310 and the communication module 320, the early warning unit 300 realizes the local and remote linkage alarm function. Whether it is the on-site inspection personnel or the remote monitoring team, they can know the abnormal situation and carry out corresponding processing at the first time. This design enhances the reliability and efficiency of the system early warning, especially in unmanned or complex wind farm applications, which can effectively reduce the risks caused by abnormal delayed processing.

[0035] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the display unit 400 includes a real-time display module 410 , a historical data module 420 , and an alarm information display module 430 .

[0036] The real-time display module 410 is used to display the real-time monitoring data of the tilt state, vibration characteristics and settlement distribution of the tower in a graphical manner. Specifically, the tilt angle change curve, vibration spectrum diagram and settlement distribution diagram can be used for display.

[0037] The historical data module 420 is used to store and display the historical monitoring data of the tower in different time periods for operation and maintenance personnel to perform trend analysis.

[0038] The alarm information display module 430 is used to display the alarm information sent by the early warning unit 300, including the alarm time, abnormal location and abnormal type. Specifically, the alarm information sent by the early warning unit 300 can be presented in the form of a list or icon, so as to quickly understand the abnormal details.

[0039] This embodiment sets a real-time display module 410, a historical data module 420 and an alarm information display module 430, so that the display unit 400 can fully present the operating status and abnormal information of the wind power tower, thereby significantly improving the intuitiveness and operability of the system. The real-time display module 410 uses a graphical method to display the real-time monitoring data such as the tilt state, vibration characteristics and settlement distribution of the tower, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can intuitively understand the current tower operation status and provide a basis for rapid judgment and processing; the historical data module 420 is responsible for storing and displaying the monitoring data of the tower in different time periods, supporting the operation and maintenance personnel to conduct long-term trend analysis, so as to discover possible hidden dangers or structural problems; the alarm information display module 430 presents the alarm information sent by the early warning unit 300 in a clear form, including the time, location and type of the abnormality, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can quickly locate the problem and take targeted measures. This multi-module display design is not only more diversified and detailed in the presentation of information, but also provides comprehensive support for operation and maintenance management through the combination of real-time data and historical trends, and improves the efficiency of abnormal processing through the intuitive display of alarm information. The design of the entire display unit 400 makes the system more in line with operation and maintenance requirements, thereby improving the practicality of monitoring work.

[0040] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the power supply unit 500 includes a main power module 510 , a backup battery module 520 , and a power management module 530 .

[0041] The main power supply module 510 provides the power required for normal operation of the system through the power supply of the wind turbine tower to ensure the continuous operation of the monitoring system.

[0042] The backup battery module 520 is used to provide emergency power support for the system when the main power module 510 fails. In use, when the main power module fails, the backup battery module 520 is automatically switched to supply power. The backup battery can be designed with a lithium battery to have a long-term power supply capability.

[0043] The power management module 530 is used to monitor the power supply status, automatically switch between the main power module 510 and the backup battery module 520, and charge and monitor the power of the backup battery module 520 to prevent power exhaustion from affecting system operation.

[0044] Possible failure scenarios of the main power module 510 include the following: power outages due to faults or maintenance of the wind turbine, interruptions in power transmission lines, voltage anomalies caused by line aging or environmental factors, and wind turbine shutdowns due to extreme weather conditions (such as heavy snow, strong winds or freezing). In these cases, the backup battery module 520 will quickly switch to the power source to maintain the normal operation of the monitoring system. The power supply unit 500 implements switching between the main power module 510 and the backup battery module 520 through the power management module 530, while managing the charging and monitoring the power of the backup battery module 520, effectively avoiding system shutdown problems caused by power outages or insufficient backup battery power. This multiple power supply mechanism can improve the operating stability and adaptability of the monitoring system in complex environments, thereby providing reliable support for the safe monitoring of wind turbine towers.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the data processing unit 200 further includes a data storage module 250 for locally storing the collected raw data and processed analysis results, and supporting the export of offline data.

[0046] This embodiment adds a data storage module 250 to the data processing unit 200, so that the system can locally save the collected raw data and the processed analysis results, and supports exporting these data for offline use. This design allows the system to record complete monitoring data during long-term operation, thereby providing detailed historical information for subsequent analysis. The storage of raw data can help operation and maintenance personnel review details that may be overlooked during the monitoring process, and the preservation of analysis results can provide a reliable reference for subsequent judgments. The function of offline data export is very practical, especially when there is no network connection, the operation and maintenance personnel can quickly extract data through an external storage device (such as a USB flash drive) for further analysis or report preparation. The setting of this data storage module 250 not only makes the application of the monitoring system more flexible and convenient, but also provides reliable support for data management and subsequent maintenance.

[0047] In some embodiments, the communication module 320 supports multiple communication protocols, including LoRa communication protocol, 4G / 5G cellular network and Ethernet protocol, to meet different remote monitoring requirements.

[0048] In the above embodiment, by supporting the LoRa communication protocol, 4G / 5G cellular network and Ethernet protocol in the communication module 320, the system has the ability to adapt to a variety of remote monitoring scenarios. The low power consumption and long-distance transmission characteristics of the LoRa communication protocol are very suitable for remote areas such as wind farms, and reliable data transmission can be achieved even if the network coverage is limited. The 4G / 5G cellular network has a faster transmission speed and can be used to transmit large amounts of data in real time in areas with good signal coverage to meet the needs of efficient monitoring. The Ethernet protocol is more suitable for fixed monitoring centers, providing stable wired transmission, low latency and strong anti-interference ability. This multi-protocol support method allows the system to select the best communication method according to the actual scenario, which not only reduces the impact of environmental restrictions on the monitoring effect, but also improves the stability and efficiency of data transmission, providing more flexible and reliable communication guarantees for remote monitoring of wind turbine towers.

[0049] The present application also provides a method for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower. The monitoring system for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower provided in the above embodiment is used. The monitoring method includes five steps: data collection, data processing, abnormality judgment, early warning and status display. Fig. 9 As shown, the specific steps are as follows: Step S101, collecting the inclination data, vibration data and settlement data of the tower base at different positions through the data collection unit; Step S102: normalizing the collected data through a data processing unit to eliminate dimensional differences between different data, and performing signal filtering to remove environmental noise in the data, and generating a three-dimensional state model of the tower based on the processed tilt data, vibration data, and settlement data; Step S103, analyzing the inclination data, vibration data and settlement data of the tower based on the three-dimensional state model to determine whether there is any abnormality in the tower; Step S104: When the judgment result is abnormal, the early warning unit triggers an on-site sound and light alarm, and sends an alarm message to the remote monitoring center; Step S105: Display the monitoring status of the tower in real time in a graphical manner through the display unit, and provide historical data for query by operation and maintenance personnel.

[0050] In the above embodiment, by adopting a clearly step-by-step tilt and non-uniform settlement monitoring method, the system can achieve efficient and accurate tower status monitoring and abnormal warning. In step S101, the data acquisition unit collects tilt data, vibration data and settlement data, which are derived from different key positions of the tower and can fully reflect the operating status of the tower. In step S102, the collected data is normalized and signal filtered by the data processing unit, which not only eliminates the differences between different types of data, but also removes the interference of environmental noise, thereby improving the quality and reliability of the data. At the same time, a three-dimensional state model is generated through these processed data to comprehensively reflect the overall health status of the tower. Step S103 analyzes the tilt, vibration and settlement data of the tower based on the model to clarify whether there is an abnormality. This analysis can quickly discover potential problems of the tower. In step S104, when an abnormality is detected, the early warning unit triggers an on-site sound and light alarm and sends an alarm message to the remote monitoring center, realizing local and remote linkage early warnings to ensure that problems can be responded to quickly. Finally, step S105 presents the monitoring status in a graphical manner through the display unit and provides a historical data query function to facilitate the operation and maintenance personnel to track the long-term operation trend of the tower. This monitoring method closely combines data collection, processing, analysis and early warning to form a complete monitoring process, which not only improves the intelligence of the system, but also enhances its ability to adapt to complex operating environments, thereby providing strong guarantees for the operation and maintenance of wind turbine towers.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring the tilt and non-uniform settlement of wind turbine towers, characterized in that: Including data acquisition unit, data processing unit, early warning unit, display unit and power supply unit: The data acquisition unit is used to collect the inclination data, vibration data and settlement data of the tower base at different positions, and transmit the data to the data processing unit; the data acquisition unit includes an inclination sensor, an acceleration sensor and a displacement measurement sensor; the inclination sensor is arranged at different heights of the tower, and is used to collect the inclination data of the tower in real time; the acceleration sensor is arranged in the tower cabin, and is used to monitor the vibration characteristics of the top of the tower; the displacement measurement sensor is arranged at multiple positions of the tower base, and is used to collect the settlement data of the tower base; The data processing unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and is used to perform normalization processing and signal filtering on the data collected by the data acquisition unit, build a three-dimensional state model of the tower based on the tilt, vibration and settlement data, and determine whether there is an abnormality; The early warning unit is connected to the data processing unit and is used to trigger an on-site sound and light alarm according to the abnormality judgment result and send an alarm message to the remote monitoring center; The display unit is connected to the data processing unit and is used to display the monitoring status and historical data of the tower in real time; The power supply unit is used to provide power support for each unit of the system.

2. The inclination and non-uniform settlement monitoring system for wind turbine towers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination sensor is a three-axis inclination sensor, the acceleration sensor is a three-axis MEMS acceleration sensor, and the displacement measurement sensor is a laser displacement sensor.

3. The inclination and non-uniform settlement monitoring system for wind turbine towers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing unit includes a preprocessing module, a filtering module, a modeling module and an abnormality analysis module; The preprocessing module is used to normalize the tilt data, vibration data and settlement data to eliminate the dimensional differences of different types of data; A filtering module is used to perform signal filtering on the preprocessed data to remove interference from environmental noise; A modeling module is used to generate a three-dimensional state model of the tower based on the processed tilt data, vibration data and settlement data to characterize the real-time operating state of the tower; The abnormality analysis module is used to detect whether the inclination angle of the tower exceeds the set threshold, whether the vibration of the tower cabin is abnormal, and whether there is non-uniform settlement characteristics in the tower foundation settlement distribution based on the three-dimensional state model.

4. The inclination and non-uniform settlement monitoring system for wind turbine towers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The early warning unit includes an audible and visual alarm device and a communication module; The sound and light alarm device is used to send out an on-site warning signal in an abnormal state; The communication module is used to send alarm information to the remote monitoring center.

5. The inclination and non-uniform settlement monitoring system for wind turbine towers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display unit includes a real-time display module, a historical data module and an alarm information display module; The real-time display module is used to display the real-time monitoring data of the tilt state, vibration characteristics and settlement distribution of the tower in a graphical manner; The historical data module is used to store and display the historical monitoring data of the tower in different time periods for operation and maintenance personnel to perform trend analysis; The alarm information display module is used to display the alarm information sent by the early warning unit, including the alarm time, abnormal location and abnormal type.

6. The inclination and non-uniform settlement monitoring system for wind turbine towers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply unit includes a main power supply module, a backup battery module and a power management module; The main power supply module provides the power required for normal operation of the system through the power supply of the wind turbine tower; The backup battery module is used to provide emergency power support for the system when the main power module fails; The power management module is used to monitor the power supply status, automatically switch between the main power module and the backup battery module, and charge and monitor the power of the backup battery module.

7. The inclination and non-uniform settlement monitoring system for wind turbine towers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data processing unit also includes a data storage module for locally storing the collected raw data and processed analysis results, and supporting the export of offline data.

8. The inclination and non-uniform settlement monitoring system for wind turbine towers according to claim 4, characterized in that: The communication module supports multiple communication protocols, including LoRa communication protocol, 4G / 5G cellular network and Ethernet protocol, to meet different remote monitoring needs.

9. A method for monitoring the inclination and non-uniform settlement of a wind turbine tower, characterized in that: The tilt and non-uniform settlement monitoring system for wind turbine towers according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Collect the tilt data, vibration data and settlement data of the tower base at different positions through the data acquisition unit; Step 2: normalize the collected data through the data processing unit to eliminate the dimensional differences between different data, perform signal filtering to remove environmental noise in the data, and generate a three-dimensional state model of the tower based on the processed tilt data, vibration data and settlement data; Step 3: Analyze the inclination data, vibration data and settlement data of the tower based on the three-dimensional state model to determine whether there is any abnormality in the tower; Step 4: When the judgment result is abnormal, the early warning unit triggers an on-site sound and light alarm, and sends an alarm message to the remote monitoring center; Step 5: Display the monitoring status of the tower in real time in a graphical manner through the display unit, and provide historical data for operation and maintenance personnel to query.

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