Full-automatic blocking device and blocking method for bottom of through blast hole

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-automatic blocking device and method for the bottom of a through blast hole. The blocking device comprises a shell, a triggering structural part, a stress structural part and an acting structural part. A notch is formed above the shell, and a fixing block is arranged on the inner side; the stress structural member comprises a bolt, a stress rod member, a spring, a positioning column and a suspension rod, the bolt is fixed below the stress rod member, the stress rod member is supported by the spring arranged on the positioning column, the positioning column is fixed on the inner side of the shell, and the suspension rod is suspended on the stress rod member; the trigger structural part comprises a trigger ring, a fan-shaped piece and a trigger bent rod, the trigger bent rod is fixed to the bottom of the fan-shaped piece, the trigger ring is naturally arranged on the trigger bent rod in a sleeving mode, and the suspension rod is connected with the trigger ring; the acting structural member comprises a lantern ring, a connecting rod, a steel cone, a torsion spring and a rotating shaft, the steel cone is connected to the fixing block through the rotating shaft, the torsion spring sleeves the rotating shaft and is extruded on the inner side of the steel cone, the steel cone is connected to the lantern ring through the connecting rod, and the lantern ring sleeves the bolt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting engineering auxiliary devices, and in particular relates to a fully automatic plugging device and a plugging method for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole. Background Art

[0002] As the core link in mining operations, the efficiency and safety of drilling and blasting technology are directly related to the progress and cost of the entire project. Drilling and blasting technology is particularly widely used in many fields such as water conservancy and hydropower, tunnel excavation, and transportation construction. It effectively breaks up geological structures such as rocks and soil, creating favorable conditions for subsequent construction or mining operations.

[0003] In the traditional through-hole blasthole charging process, the blocking operation at the bottom of the blasthole is a crucial step. The setting of the blockage is to ensure that the explosive in the hole can be stably placed in the predetermined position to prevent it from falling due to gravity or other factors before charging or detonation, thereby ensuring the consistency and safety of the blasting effect. At present, local materials are often used in underground mining operations, and the blasthole is generally blocked by steel wire binding cement balls. Although this method meets the basic operation needs to a certain extent, its inherent limitations are also increasingly prominent: ① The operation process of steel wire binding cement balls is cumbersome and complicated, and it is necessary to manually measure the suspension length of the steel wire accurately to ensure that the cement ball can accurately reach the designated position of the blasthole. This process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, increasing labor costs, but also easily affected by human factors in actual operation, resulting in inaccurate blocking position and affecting the blasting effect; ② The combination of steel wire and cement ball has hidden dangers in terms of stability. Due to the flexibility of the steel wire and the rigidity of the cement ball, the two are prone to loosening or displacement when subjected to long-term force or external impact, thereby affecting the blocking effect. In addition, the production quality of cement blocks is difficult to ensure consistency, and their performance indicators such as density and strength may fluctuate due to various factors in the production process, thereby affecting the overall performance of the plug.

[0004] In view of the many shortcomings of traditional plugging methods, the present invention proposes a fully automatic plugging device and plugging method for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a fully automatic plugging device and a plugging method for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole, which solve the technical problems of the current blasthole plugging device, such as complicated operation process, labor consumption, poor stability and difficulty in ensuring production quality.

[0006] The present invention provides a fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole, which adopts the following technical solutions: A fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole, comprising: a shell, and a force-bearing component, a trigger component, and an action structure arranged inside the shell; a notch is provided on the top of the shell; The force-bearing structural member includes a latch, a force-bearing rod, a spring, a positioning column, and a hanging rod, wherein the latch is fixed below the force-bearing rod, the force-bearing rod is supported by a spring arranged on the positioning column, the positioning column is fixed on the inner side of the housing, and the hanging rod is hung on the force-bearing rod; The trigger structure comprises a trigger ring, a sector piece, and a trigger bent rod, wherein the trigger bent rod is fixed to the bottom of the sector piece, the trigger ring is naturally sleeved on the trigger bent rod, and the suspension rod is connected to the trigger ring; The functional structural member comprises a collar, a connecting rod, and a steel cone, wherein the steel cone is rotatably arranged in the notch, the steel cone is connected to the collar through the connecting rod, and the collar is sleeved on the latch; Preferably, a fixing block is provided on the inner side above the housing; The action structure also includes a torsion spring and a rotating shaft. The steel cone is connected to the fixed block through the rotating shaft. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft and squeezed on the inner side of the steel cone.

[0007] Preferably, protrusions are provided below both ends of the force-bearing rod for fixing the spring, a slender cylinder is provided below the protrusion and inserted into the groove of the positioning column, and the spring is sleeved on the outside of the slender cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the latch is conical in shape and made of metal material with a smooth surface, and is welded below the load-bearing rod.

[0009] Preferably, the compressed length of the spring is greater than the length of the plane where the pin passes downward through the ring.

[0010] Preferably, a circle of ribbon is tied to the outside of the fan-shaped piece; the fan-shaped piece is made of a metal material with a relatively high density and can rotate downward without restraint.

[0011] Preferably, the steel cone and the rotating shaft are both made of high-strength metal materials; and the torsion spring is made of metal material with high rigidity.

[0012] Preferably, the load-bearing structural member includes four positioning columns, and the action structural member includes four steel cones. The four positioning columns and the four steel cones are arranged alternately to bisect the circumference.

[0013] Preferably, the shell is made of high-strength material and has a shell-like shape with the tip at the bottom and a smooth surface; the maximum outer diameter of the shell is smaller than the diameter of the through-hole blasthole, and when the steel cone rotates and opens, the maximum outer diameter is larger than the diameter of the through-hole blasthole.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for fully automatic plugging of the bottom of a through-hole blasthole, which uses the above-mentioned fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole, including the following steps: firstly placing the plugging device at the upper hole opening of the through-hole blasthole, then placing the entire device into the hole opening and releasing it, when the fan-shaped piece completely exceeds the hole opening at the bottom of the through-hole blasthole, the fan-shaped piece rotates downward, driving the trigger bent rod to tilt upward, the trigger ring is separated from the trigger bent rod, the compressed spring is released, the pin is separated from the sleeve ring, and the steel cone is expanded outward around the rotating axis under the torsion of the torsion spring, and is stuck on the wall of the through-hole blasthole, and the plugging is completed.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) Improve operating efficiency and accuracy: The fully automatic plugging device of the present invention achieves accurate positioning and release of the blockage through mechanical structures such as force-bearing components, trigger components, and action structures. It does not require manual precise measurement of the wire suspension length, greatly simplifies the operating process, reduces manual intervention, and thus improves operating efficiency and reduces labor costs. At the same time, mechanized operation also avoids the problem of inaccurate blockage position caused by human factors, ensuring the consistency of the blocking effect and the predictability of the blasting effect.

[0016] (2) Enhanced stability and safety: The steel cone in the fully automatic plugging device of the present invention can be firmly stuck on the wall of the blasthole under the action of the torsion spring. Compared with the combination of steel wire and cement block, this mechanical locking mechanism is more stable when subjected to long-term force or external impact, and is not prone to loosening or displacement, which effectively improves the stability and safety of the plug. In addition, the fully automated operation also reduces the risk of direct contact between personnel and explosives, further ensuring the safety of operators.

[0017] (3) Ensure the consistency of the performance of the plugging material: The fully automatic plugging device of the present invention adopts standardized mechanical parts and preset springs, torsion springs and other elements, so it can ensure that the performance of the plugging material (such as stability, clamping force, etc.) remains consistent in each plugging operation, avoiding the influence of fluctuations in the production quality of cement lumps on the plugging effect.

[0018] (4) Strong adaptability: The fully automatic plugging device of the present invention is flexible in design and can be adjusted and optimized according to the diameter and depth of different blastholes. It is suitable for a variety of mining and tunneling operation scenarios and has strong versatility and adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] For ease of explanation, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the following specific implementations and the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the blocking device of this embodiment; Figure 2 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of the blocking device of this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the blocking device of this embodiment in use; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the blocking device in this embodiment.

[0021] In the figure: 1-pin; 2-load-bearing rod; 3-spring; 4-positioning column; 5-suspension rod; 6-trigger ring; 7-fan-shaped piece; 8-trigger bent rod; 9-ring; 10-connecting rod; 11-steel cone; 12-torsion spring; 13-rotating shaft; 14-housing; 1401-slot; 1402-fixing block; 15-ribbon; 16-through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments; in the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided only to help fully understand the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. In addition, for the sake of clarity and brevity, the description of known functions and structures is omitted.

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole provided in this embodiment includes a shell 14 and a force-bearing component, a trigger component, and an action structure arranged inside the shell 14; a notch 1401 is opened on the top of the shell 14, and a fixing block 1402 is arranged inside; the force-bearing structure includes a latch 1, a force-bearing rod 2, a spring 3, a positioning column 4, and a hanging rod 5, the latch 1 is fixed below the force-bearing rod 2, the force-bearing rod 2 is supported by the spring 3 arranged on the positioning column 4, the positioning column 4 is fixed inside the shell 14, and the hanging rod 5 is hung on On the force-bearing rod 2; the trigger structure includes a trigger ring 6, a fan-shaped piece 7, and a trigger bent rod 8. The trigger bent rod 8 is fixed to the bottom of the fan-shaped piece 7, the trigger ring 6 is naturally sleeved on the trigger bent rod 8, and the suspension rod 5 is connected to the trigger ring 6; the action structure includes a collar 9, a connecting rod 10, a steel cone 11, a torsion spring 12 and a rotating shaft 13. The steel cone 11 is connected to the fixed block 1402 through the rotating shaft 13. The torsion spring 12 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 13 and squeezed on the inner side of the steel cone 11. The steel cone 11 is connected to the collar 9 through the connecting rod 10, and the collar 9 is sleeved on the pin 1.

[0025] Furthermore, protrusions are provided below both ends of the force-bearing rod 2 for fixing the spring 3, and a slender cylinder is provided below the protrusion and inserted into the groove of the positioning column 4, and the spring 3 is sleeved on the outside of the slender cylinder; the purpose of this arrangement is to facilitate the movement of the slender cylinder in the groove of the positioning column 4 when the spring 3 is released.

[0026] Furthermore, the latch 1 is conical in shape and made of metal material with a smooth surface, and is welded below the load-bearing rod 2 ; the purpose of such a setting is to facilitate the detachment of the collar 9 from the latch 1 .

[0027] Furthermore, the compressed length of the spring 3 is greater than the length of the plane where the bolt 1 passes downward through the collar 9, so that the bolt 1 can be smoothly separated from the collar 9 after the spring 3 is released.

[0028] Furthermore, a circle of ribbon 5 is tied to the outer side of the sector piece 7 to restrain the sector piece 5 and prevent the internal mechanism of the device from being triggered; the sector piece 7 is made of a metal material with a high density and can rotate downward without being constrained. The triggering curved rod 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sector piece 7 and has a smooth surface, and rotates with the sector piece 7; the triggering ring 6 is made of a metal material and has a smooth surface to reduce the friction between the triggering curved rod 8 and the triggering curved rod 8.

[0029] Furthermore, the steel cone 11 and the rotating shaft 13 are both made of high-strength metal materials, so that the steel cone 13 supports the weight of the explosives on the through-hole blasthole 16 during construction; the torsion spring 12 is made of a metal material with high stiffness. When the steel cone 11 is released, the steel cone 11 is tightly pressed against the wall of the through-hole blasthole 16 under the elastic force of the torsion spring 12.

[0030] Furthermore, the load-bearing structural member includes four positioning columns 4 , and the action structural member includes four steel cones 11 . The four positioning columns 4 and the four steel cones 11 are arranged alternately to divide the circumference of the housing 14 equally.

[0031] Furthermore, the outer shell 14 is made of high-strength material, has a shell-like shape, has a pointed end at the bottom, and has a smooth surface; the maximum outer diameter of the outer shell 14 is smaller than the diameter of the through-hole blasthole 16, and when the steel cone 11 is rotated and opened, the maximum outer diameter is larger than the diameter of the through-hole blasthole 16, so that the device can slide smoothly in the through-hole blasthole 16 and play a role at the bottom of the through-hole blasthole 16.

[0032] The present embodiment also provides a fully automatic plugging method for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole, comprising the following steps: firstly placing the above-mentioned plugging device at the upper opening of the through-hole blasthole 16, then untying the ribbon 15, and then placing the entire device into the opening and releasing it; when the fan-shaped piece 7 completely exceeds the bottom opening of the through-hole blasthole 16, the fan-shaped piece 7 rotates downward, driving the trigger bent rod 8 to tilt upward, the trigger ring 6 is separated from the trigger bent rod 8, the compressed spring 3 is released, the pin 1 is separated from the ring 9, and the steel cone 11 is expanded outward around the rotating shaft 13 under the torsion of the torsion spring 12, and is stuck on the wall of the through-hole blasthole 16, and the plugging is completed.

[0033] Therefore, the fully automatic plugging device of the present invention can complete the plugging operation at the bottom of the blasthole through simple steps, avoiding the cumbersome wire bundling and cement lump suspension process in the traditional method, significantly improving the operating efficiency and reducing labor costs. After the device is placed in the blasthole, the blockage can be accurately positioned at the bottom of the blasthole through the automatic control of the fan-shaped piece and the trigger mechanism, ensuring the accuracy of the blockage position, thereby improving the consistency and safety of the blasting effect. In addition, the steel cone in the plugging device is expanded outward and stuck on the blasthole wall under the action of the torsion spring. This design enhances the stability of the blockage, prevents loosening or displacement caused by gravity or external impact, and ensures the reliability of the plugging effect.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

Claims

1. A fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole, characterized in that: include: A housing (14) and a force-bearing component, a trigger component, and an action structure component arranged inside the housing (14); A notch (1401) is provided on the upper side of the housing (14); The load-bearing structural member comprises a latch (1), a load-bearing rod (2), a spring (3), a positioning column (4), and a hanging rod (5); the latch (1) is fixed below the load-bearing rod (2); the load-bearing rod (2) is supported by a spring (3) arranged on the positioning column (4); the positioning column (4) is fixed on the inner side of the housing (14); and the hanging rod (5) is hung on the load-bearing rod (2); The trigger structure comprises a trigger ring (6), a sector piece (7), and a trigger bent rod (8); the trigger bent rod (8) is fixed to the bottom of the sector piece (7); the trigger ring (6) is naturally sleeved on the trigger bent rod (8); and the suspension rod (5) is connected to the trigger ring (6); The functional structural component comprises a collar (9), a connecting rod (10), and a steel cone (11); the steel cone (11) is rotatably arranged in the notch; the steel cone (11) is connected to the collar (9) via the connecting rod (10); and the collar (9) is sleeved on the latch (1).

2. A through-hole blasthole bottom fully automatic plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing block (1402) is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the housing (14); The action structure also includes a torsion spring (12) and a rotating shaft (13); the steel cone (11) is connected to the fixed block (1402) via the rotating shaft (13); the torsion spring (12) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (13) and pressed against the inner side of the steel cone (11).

3. A fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the force-bearing rod (2) are provided with protrusions below for fixing the spring (3), and a slender cylinder is provided below the protrusion and inserted into the groove of the positioning column (4), and the spring (3) is sleeved on the outside of the slender cylinder.

4. A through-hole blasthole bottom fully automatic plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The latch pin (1) is conical in shape and made of metal material with a smooth surface, and is welded below the load-bearing rod (2).

5. The fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The compressed length of the spring (3) is greater than the length of the plane where the latch (1) passes downward through the collar (9).

6. A through-hole blasthole bottom fully automatic plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circle of ribbon (15) is tied around the outer side of the sector-shaped piece (7); the sector-shaped piece (7) is made of a metal material with a relatively high density and can rotate downward without restraint.

7. A fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steel cone (11) and the rotating shaft (13) are both made of high-strength metal material; and the torsion spring (12) is made of high-rigidity metal material.

8. The fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The load-bearing structural member comprises four positioning columns (4), and the action structural member comprises four steel cones (11). The four positioning columns (4) and the four steel cones (11) are arranged in a staggered manner to bisect the circumference.

9. A fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (14) is made of high-strength material and has a shell-like shape, with the tip at the bottom and a smooth surface. The maximum outer diameter of the shell (14) is smaller than the diameter of the through-hole blasthole (16). When the steel cone (11) is rotated and opened, the maximum outer diameter is larger than the diameter of the through-hole blasthole (16).

10. A method for fully automatic plugging of the bottom of a through-hole blasthole, characterized in that: The fully automatic plugging device for the bottom of a through-hole blasthole as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 9 comprises the following steps: firstly placing the plugging device at the upper opening of the through-hole blasthole (16), then placing the entire device into the opening and releasing it; when the fan-shaped piece (7) completely exceeds the bottom opening of the through-hole blasthole (16), the fan-shaped piece (7) rotates downward, driving the trigger bent rod (8) to tilt upward, the trigger ring (6) and the trigger bent rod (8) to disengage, the compressed spring (3) to release, the latch (1) to disengage the collar (9), and the steel cone (11) rotates around the rotating shaft (13) under the torsion of the torsion spring (12) to expand outward and get stuck on the wall of the through-hole blasthole (16), thus completing the plugging.

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