Magnetic resonance phase compensation method and system based on external signal compensation

Abstract

The invention provides a magnetic resonance phase compensation method and system based on external signal compensation. The method comprises the following steps: multiplying sigRef and sigA to obtain a noise signal comprehensive sigNoise; the frequency of an externally applied signal is changed, and a noise signal consistent with sigNoise is added into the external magnetic field signal sigRef; through PID closed-loop control, the resolving signal error is suppressed to be a fixed value or 0; performing multiplication demodulation on the adjusted sigRef + sigNoise and an optical signal sigB so as to suppress sigNoise contained in the optical signal sigB, and at the moment, obtaining a resolving result as a signal of atomic nucleus spinning, namely, an actually required signal; and according to a result obtained by multiplying the optical signal sigA by the adjusted sigReff + sigNoise, controlling the output frequency of the detection laser through PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) closed-loop control, and suppressing the phase noise of the detection laser. According to the technical scheme, the technical problems that in the prior art, a single method for forcing the output light intensity of the laser to be stable is single, the implementation means is tedious, and the method is inconsistent with the development trend of a sensor with the gradually-small size are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum sensing technology, and in particular to a magnetic resonance phase compensation method and system based on external signal compensation. Background Art

[0002] The magnetic resonance phase in the atomic spin ensemble state is an important working parameter of some atomic sensors such as nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes. The current detection method mainly uses lasers and photodetectors to detect the magnetic resonance phase in the atomic spin ensemble state. In this case, in order to improve the sensitivity of the sensor, it is necessary to improve the sensitivity of the detection method. In order to improve the detection sensitivity, the core element is to ensure the stability of the detection laser and reduce the impact of the noise of the detection laser on the detection method.

[0003] There are two main aspects of the impact of the detection laser on the atomic signal of the atomic magnetic resonance state. One is the pumping noise and magnetic field noise, and the other is the noise of the detection laser. The light intensity of the detection laser affects the signal intensity of the atom in the atomic spin ensemble state, and the phase noise of the detection laser mainly affects the magnetic resonance phase in the atomic spin ensemble state. Therefore, when the actual laser is used to detect the magnetic resonance phase in the atomic spin ensemble state, it is necessary to suppress the magnetic field noise and pumping light noise, and reduce the influence of the phase noise of the detection laser on the magnetic resonance phase, so as to ensure the stability of the sensor and achieve high-sensitivity precision measurement.

[0004] At present, the lasers commonly used to detect the magnetic resonance phase of the atomic spin ensemble state are mainly semiconductor lasers. Semiconductor lasers are small in size, high in output power, and have strong light intensity focusing capabilities. High-sensitivity magnetic resonance phase detection places increasingly higher demands on lasers. Under the premise that atomic sensors are currently pursuing small size, the single method of forcing the laser output light intensity to be stable is relatively simple, and the means of implementation are relatively cumbersome, which is contrary to the development trend of sensors that are becoming increasingly smaller in size. Therefore, suppressing the influence of laser phase noise on magnetic resonance phase is one of the important ways to improve the sensitivity of atomic sensors. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a magnetic resonance phase compensation method and system based on external signal compensation, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art that the single method of forcing the laser output light intensity to be stable is relatively simple and the implementation means are relatively cumbersome, which is contrary to the development trend of sensors with increasingly smaller volumes.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation is provided, characterized in that the magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation comprises: setting an atomic gas chamber A and an atomic gas chamber B, wherein the atomic gas chamber B contains an inert gas and isotope atomic nuclei and electrons, and the atomic gas chamber A contains only inert gas and electrons, and the inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber A are the same as the inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber B, and the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B have the same pressure and the same electron concentration; the pumping laser enters the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B respectively, and the detection laser is divided into two identical light beams through a beam splitter prism and passes through the atomic gas chamber A and Atomic gas chamber A and Atomic gas chamber B, respectively collect signals from the two gas chambers; apply an external signal to the X direction and the Y direction through an external coil, and realize a frequency sweep signal within a certain range by continuously adjusting the frequency and phase of the external signal; the detection light signal sigA of atomic gas chamber A only contains the actively applied external magnetic field signal induced by the external magnetic field, and the detection light signal sigB of gas chamber B contains the actively applied external magnetic field signal and the atomic precession signal; collect the light signal sigA of atomic gas chamber A, the light signal sigB of atomic gas chamber B and the actively applied external magnetic field signal sigRef, and compare the collected external magnetic field signal sigRef and the light signal sigRef to each other. After the signal sigA undergoes the same signal processing, it is multiplied and solved to obtain the noise signal synthesis sigNoise in the process of magnetic resonance phase detection; the frequency of the external applied signal is changed within a certain range to add a noise signal to the external magnetic field signal sigRef, and real-time multiplication and solution are performed for different phase signals, so as to add a noise signal consistent with sigNoise to the external magnetic field signal sigRef; through PID closed-loop control, the phase error between the added noise signal sigRef+sigNoise and the optical signal sigA is solved, and the noise sigNoise mixed in the external magnetic field signal is fed back and adjusted in real time. phase, thereby suppressing the solution signal error to a fixed value or 0; multiplying and demodulating the adjusted sigRef+sigNoise with the optical signal sigB, thereby suppressing the sigNoise contained in the optical signal sigB. At this time, the solution result is the signal of the nuclear spin, that is, the signal actually required; according to the result of the multiplication and solution of the optical signal sigA and the adjusted sigRef+sigNoise, the output frequency of the detection laser is controlled through PID closed-loop control, the detection laser phase noise is suppressed, the noise suppression of the detection laser in the magnetic resonance phase signal is completed, and the magnetic resonance phase compensation based on external signal compensation is realized.

[0007] Furthermore, the optical signal sigA and the optical signal sigB contain the same magnetic field noise and the noise introduced by the detection laser, and the external magnetic field signal sigRef is a pure digital signal generated by the circuit and is considered to be a noise-free signal.

[0008] Furthermore, performing the same signal processing on the collected external magnetic field signal sigRef and the optical signal sigA specifically includes: performing low-pass filtering, notching and down-sampling on the collected external magnetic field signal sigRef and the optical signal sigA.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present invention, a magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation is provided. The magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation uses the magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation as described above to perform magnetic resonance phase compensation.

[0010] Furthermore, a magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation includes an atomic gas chamber A, an atomic gas chamber B, a pumping laser, a detection laser, a spectroscopic prism, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, an external coil and a signal acquisition system. The atomic gas chamber B contains an inert gas and isotope atomic nuclei and electrons, and the atomic gas chamber A contains only inert gas and electrons. The inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber A are the same as the inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber B. The atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B have the same pressure and the same electron concentration. The pumping laser output by the pumping laser enters the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B respectively, and the detection laser output by the detection laser is divided into two identical beams of light through the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B respectively through the spectroscopic prism. The first photodetector is used to collect the signal output by the atomic gas chamber A, and the second photodetector is used to collect the signal output by the atomic gas chamber B. The external coil is used to apply an external signal to both the X direction and the Y direction, and a frequency sweep signal within a certain range is realized by continuously adjusting the frequency and phase of the external signal. The signal acquisition system is used to collect the signal output by the first photodetector and the second photodetector.

[0011] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, a magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation is provided. The method collects optical signals sigA and sigB passing through two air chambers, and also collects an actively applied external signal sigRef, multiplies sigA and sigRef to obtain a noise signal synthesis sigNoise, uses the noise signal synthesis sigNoise as the input of the first PID closed-loop control, adds a noise signal consistent with sigNoise to sigRef, and suppresses the error of the solved signal through closed-loop control; multiplies and demodulates the adjusted sigRef+sigNoise with sigB, thereby suppressing the sigNoise contained in sigB; and according to the result of the multiplication and solution of sigA and sigRef+sigNoise, controls the output frequency of the detection laser through the second PID closed-loop control, further suppresses the detection laser phase noise, completes the noise suppression of the detection laser in the magnetic resonance phase signal, and further achieves the detection accuracy of the magnetic resonance phase. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation provided by the present invention can improve the accuracy of magnetic resonance phase detection, and effectively solve the technical problems in the prior art that the single method of forcing the laser output light intensity to be stable is relatively simple and the implementation means are relatively cumbersome, which is contrary to the development trend of increasingly smaller sensors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The included drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, which constitute a part of the specification, are used to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and together with the text description, explain the principles of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation provided according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0016] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0017] like Figure 1As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation is provided, and the magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation includes: setting an atomic gas chamber A and an atomic gas chamber B, wherein the atomic gas chamber B contains an inert gas and isotope nuclei and electrons, and the atomic gas chamber A contains only inert gas and electrons, and the inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber A are the same as the inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber B, and the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B have the same pressure and the same electron concentration; the pumping laser enters the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B respectively, and the detection laser is divided into two identical light beams through a beam splitter prism and passes through the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B respectively. The detection light signal sigA of atomic gas chamber A contains only the actively applied external magnetic field signal induced by the external magnetic field, and the detection light signal sigB of gas chamber B contains the actively applied external magnetic field signal and the atomic precession signal; the light signal sigA of atomic gas chamber A, the light signal sigB of atomic gas chamber B and the actively applied external magnetic field signal sigRef are collected, and the collected external magnetic field signal sigRef and the light signal sigRef are combined. After the same signal processing is performed on the optical signal sigA, multiplication and solution are performed to obtain the noise signal synthesis sigNoise in the magnetic resonance phase detection process; the frequency of the external applied signal is changed within a certain range to add the noise signal to the external magnetic field signal sigRef, and real-time multiplication and solution are performed for different phase signals, so as to add a noise signal consistent with sigNoise to the external magnetic field signal sigRef; through PID closed-loop control, the phase error between the added noise signal sigRef+sigNoise and the optical signal sigA is solved, and the noise sigNoise mixed in the external magnetic field signal is fed back and adjusted in real time. phase, thereby suppressing the solution signal error to a fixed value or 0; multiplying and demodulating the adjusted sigRef+sigNoise with the optical signal sigB, thereby suppressing the sigNoise contained in the optical signal sigB. At this time, the solution result is the signal of the nuclear spin, that is, the signal actually required; according to the result of the multiplication and solution of the optical signal sigA and the adjusted sigRef+sigNoise, the output frequency of the detection laser is controlled through PID closed-loop control, the detection laser phase noise is suppressed, the noise suppression of the detection laser in the magnetic resonance phase signal is completed, and the magnetic resonance phase compensation based on external signal compensation is realized.

[0018] By applying this configuration, a magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation is provided. The method takes into account that the detection of the magnetic resonance phase is mainly affected by two reasons, one is the output noise of the detection laser itself, and the other is the noise introduced during the atomic pumping process. The purpose is to improve the accuracy of magnetic resonance phase detection. The present invention proposes a method for suppressing magnetic resonance phase noise based on external signal compensation. By collecting optical signals sigA and sigB passing through two gas chambers, and also collecting an actively applied external signal sigRef, sigA is multiplied by sigRef to obtain a noise signal synthesis sigNoise, and the noise signal synthesis sigNois e is used as the input of the first PID closed-loop control, and a noise signal consistent with sigNoise is added to sigRef, and the error of the solution signal is suppressed through closed-loop control; the adjusted sigRef+sigNoise is multiplied and demodulated with sigB, so as to suppress the sigNoise contained in sigB; according to the result of the multiplication and solution of sigA and sigRef+sigNoise, the output frequency of the detection laser is controlled through the second PID closed-loop control, and the detection laser phase noise is further suppressed, and the noise suppression of the detection laser in the magnetic resonance phase signal is completed, and the detection accuracy of the magnetic resonance phase is further achieved. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation provided by the present invention can improve the accuracy of magnetic resonance phase detection, and effectively solve the technical problem that the single method of forcing the laser output light intensity to be stable in the prior art is relatively single, and the implementation means are relatively cumbersome, which is contrary to the development trend of sensors with increasingly small volumes.

[0019] Furthermore, in the present invention, the optical signal sigA and the optical signal sigB contain the same magnetic field noise and the noise introduced by the detection laser, and the external magnetic field signal sigRef is a pure digital signal generated by the circuit and is considered to be a noise-free signal.

[0020] In addition, in the present invention, performing the same signal processing on the collected external magnetic field signal sigRef and the optical signal sigA specifically includes: performing low-pass filtering, notching and down-sampling on the collected external magnetic field signal sigRef and the optical signal sigA.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present invention, a magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation is provided. The magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation uses the magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation as described above to perform magnetic resonance phase compensation.

[0022] By applying this configuration, a magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation is provided, which can improve the accuracy of magnetic resonance phase detection and effectively solve the technical problems in the prior art that the single method of forcing the laser output light intensity to be stable is relatively simple and the implementation means are relatively cumbersome, which is contrary to the development trend of increasingly smaller sensors.

[0023] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation includes an atomic gas chamber A, an atomic gas chamber B, a pumping laser, a detection laser, a spectroscopic prism, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, an external coil and a signal acquisition system. The atomic gas chamber B contains an inert gas and isotope nuclei and electrons, and the atomic gas chamber A contains only inert gas and electrons. The inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber A are the same as the inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber B. The atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B have the same pressure and the same electron concentration. The pumping laser output by the pumping laser enters the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B respectively, and the detection laser output by the detection laser is divided into two identical light beams passing through the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B respectively through the spectroscopic prism. The first photodetector is used to collect the signal output by the atomic gas chamber A, and the second photodetector is used to collect the signal output by the atomic gas chamber B. The external coil is used to apply an external signal to both the X direction and the Y direction, and a frequency sweep signal within a certain range is realized by continuously adjusting the frequency and phase of the external signal. The signal acquisition system is used to collect the signal output by the first photodetector and the second photodetector.

[0024] In order to further understand the present invention, the following Figure 1 The magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation provided by the present invention is described in detail.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, suppressing the influence of semiconductor laser phase noise on magnetic resonance phase can be achieved by reducing semiconductor laser noise and reducing the influence factor of noise on magnetic resonance phase. The detection of magnetic resonance phase is mainly affected by two reasons, one is the output noise of the detection laser itself, and the other is the noise introduced in the atomic pumping process. In order to improve the accuracy of magnetic resonance phase detection, the present invention proposes a method for suppressing magnetic resonance phase noise based on external signals.

[0026] The general atomic signal sensing system includes pumping laser, detection laser, atomic gas chamber and information acquisition system. In this scheme, Figure 1As shown, compared with the general atomic signal sensing system, an additional gas chamber is added. Gas chamber B contains inert gas, isotope nuclei and electrons, and gas chamber A contains only inert gas and electrons. Gas chambers A and B have the same pressure and the same electron concentration. The inside of the gas chamber is filled with inert gas or nitrogen as a filling gas. In the two gas chambers A and B, in order to ensure that there are no other variables except the nuclei that cause magnetic resonance, the types of inert gas and electrons collected in the two gas chambers A and B are the same. The isotope atoms in gas chamber B undergo Larmor precession under a strong magnetic field. Driven by the pumping laser, the electrons in gas chamber B are extracted, and the nuclei precess in the same direction. The detection laser is divided into two identical beams of light through a beam splitter prism and passes through gas chamber A and gas chamber B respectively, and the signals of the two gas chambers are collected respectively.

[0027] In the implementation of this solution, in addition to the existing magnetic field, an external signal is applied to the X and Y directions through an external coil. The frequency and phase of the signal are controlled by external hardware, and a sweep frequency signal within a certain range is achieved by continuously adjusting the frequency and phase of the external signal.

[0028] Among them, in the two air chambers,

[0029] The detection light signal sigA passing through the gas chamber A only contains the external signal actively applied by the external magnetic field.

[0030] The detection light signal sigB passing through the gas cell B includes the actively applied external magnetic field signal and the atomic precession signal.

[0031] In the signal acquisition process, in addition to collecting the optical signals sigA and sigB passing through the two gas chambers, the actively applied external signal sigRef is also collected. Among them, sigA and sigB contain the same magnetic field noise and the noise introduced by the detection laser, while sigRef is a pure digital signal generated by the circuit and is considered to be a noise-free signal.

[0032] The signal processing and implementation process is as follows:

[0033] 1. In the signal processing process, the collected sigRef and sigA signals are first subjected to the same signal processing method (signal processing generally refers to data processing processes such as low-pass filtering, notching, and downsampling, which vary according to different quantum sensor devices and processing algorithms), and then multiplied and solved. Since sigA contains noise signals introduced by the laser and the external applied magnetic field, sigRef is a pure digital signal. At this time, the result of multiplying sigA and sigRef is the noise signal synthesis sigNoise in the entire magnetic resonance phase detection process. The purpose of multiplication and solution is to solve the actual signal phase, the working principle of the phase-locked amplifier, and this step has consensus.

[0034] 2. Change the frequency of the externally applied signal within a certain range to add a noise signal to sigRef, and perform real-time multiplication and solution for different phase signals (i.e., perform real-time multiplication and solution of sigA and sigRef), thereby adding a noise signal that is close to sigNoise to sigRef. Through PID closed-loop control, the phase error of the noise-added signal sigRef+sigNoise and sigA is solved, and the reference signal phase is fed back and adjusted in real time, so as to suppress the solved signal error to a fixed value, or close to 0. The reference signal phase refers to the noise signal added to sigRef, which is referred to as sigNoise in the description of this article. The patent description contains two PID closed loops in total. The first PID closed loop adjusts the phase of the noise added to the reference signal sigRef, i.e., sigNoise. The subsequent PID closed loop structure adjusts the phase noise of the laser detected in step 4. During the adjustment process, the PID closed-loop structure in step 2 adjusts the noise signal mixed with the reference signal sigRef, which is referred to as sigNoise in the text. During the frequency adjustment process, the actual settlement result will have a certain error and cannot be guaranteed to be 0. When the settlement result is near a constant value, the adjustment is considered to be completed. The constant value is not necessarily a preset fixed value.

[0035] 3. Multiply the adjusted sigRef+sigNoise and sigB for demodulation, thereby suppressing the sigNoise contained in sigB. At this time, the result after settlement is the signal of the nuclear spin, that is, the actual required signal.

[0036] 4. According to the result of multiplying sigA and sigRef+sigNoise, the output frequency of the detection laser is controlled through PID closed-loop control, the detection laser phase noise is further suppressed, the noise suppression of the detection laser in the magnetic resonance phase signal is completed, and the detection accuracy of the magnetic resonance phase is further achieved.

[0037] In summary, the present invention provides a magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation, which collects optical signals sigA and sigB passing through two air chambers, and also collects an actively applied external signal sigRef, multiplies sigA and sigRef to obtain a noise signal synthesis sigNoise, uses the noise signal synthesis sigNoise as the input of the first PID closed-loop control, adds a noise signal consistent with sigNoise to sigRef, and suppresses the error of the solution signal through closed-loop control; multiplies and demodulates the adjusted sigRef+sigNoise with sigB, thereby suppressing the sigNoise contained in sigB; according to the result of the multiplication and solution of sigA and sigRef+sigNoise, the output frequency of the detection laser is controlled through the second PID closed-loop control, the detection laser phase noise is further suppressed, the noise suppression of the detection laser in the magnetic resonance phase signal is completed, and the detection accuracy of the magnetic resonance phase is further achieved. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation provided by the present invention can improve the accuracy of magnetic resonance phase detection, and effectively solve the technical problems in the prior art that the single method of forcing the laser output light intensity to be stable is relatively simple and the implementation means are relatively cumbersome, which is contrary to the development trend of increasingly smaller sensors.

[0038] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0039] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation, characterized in that: The magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation includes: An atomic gas chamber A and an atomic gas chamber B are provided, wherein the atomic gas chamber B contains an inert gas and isotope atomic nuclei and electrons, and the atomic gas chamber A contains only an inert gas and electrons, the inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber A are the same as the inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber B, and the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B have the same pressure and the same electron concentration; The pumping laser enters the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B respectively, and the detection laser is divided into two identical beams through a beam splitter prism and passes through the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B respectively, and the signals of the two gas chambers are collected respectively; an external signal is applied to both the X direction and the Y direction through an external coil, and a frequency sweep signal within a certain range is realized by continuously adjusting the frequency and phase of the external signal; the detection light signal sigA passing through the atomic gas chamber A only contains the actively applied external magnetic field signal induced by the external magnetic field, and the detection light signal sigB passing through the gas chamber B contains the actively applied external magnetic field signal and the atomic precession signal; The optical signal sigA of the atomic gas chamber A, the optical signal sigB of the atomic gas chamber B and the actively applied external magnetic field signal sigRef are collected, and the collected external magnetic field signal sigRef and the optical signal sigA are subjected to the same signal processing, and then multiplied and solved to obtain the noise signal synthesis sigNoise in the magnetic resonance phase detection process; The frequency of the external applied signal is changed within a certain range, so as to add a noise signal to the external magnetic field signal sigRef, and real-time multiplication and solution are performed for different phase signals, so as to add a noise signal consistent with sigNoise to the external magnetic field signal sigRef; through PID closed-loop control, the phase error between the added noise signal sigRef+sigNoise and the optical signal sigA is solved, and the phase of the noise sigNoise mixed in the external magnetic field signal is fed back and adjusted in real time, so as to suppress the solved signal error to a fixed value or 0; The adjusted sigRef+sigNoise is multiplied and demodulated with the optical signal sigB, thereby suppressing the sigNoise contained in the optical signal sigB. At this time, the result after the calculation is the signal of the atomic nucleus spin, that is, the signal actually required; According to the result of multiplying the optical signal sigA and the adjusted sigRef+sigNoise, the output frequency of the detection laser is controlled through PID closed-loop control, the detection laser phase noise is suppressed, the noise suppression of the detection laser in the magnetic resonance phase signal is completed, and the magnetic resonance phase compensation based on external signal compensation is realized.

2. The magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical signal sigA and the optical signal sigB contain the same magnetic field noise and the noise introduced by the detection laser. The external magnetic field signal sigRef is a pure digital signal generated by the circuit and is considered to be a noise-free signal.

3. The magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The same signal processing is performed on the collected external magnetic field signal sigRef and the optical signal sigA, which specifically includes: low-pass filtering, notching and down-sampling the collected external magnetic field signal sigRef and the optical signal sigA.

4. A magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation, characterized in that: The magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation uses the magnetic resonance phase compensation method based on external signal compensation as claimed in claims 1 to 3 to perform magnetic resonance phase compensation.

5. The magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic resonance phase compensation system based on external signal compensation comprises an atomic gas chamber A, an atomic gas chamber B, a pumping laser, a detection laser, a spectroscopic prism, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, an external coil and a signal acquisition system. The atomic gas chamber B contains an inert gas and isotope atomic nuclei and electrons, and the atomic gas chamber A contains only inert gas and electrons. The inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber A are the same as the inert gas and electrons in the atomic gas chamber B. The atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B have the same pressure and the same electron concentration. The pumping laser output by the pumping laser is respectively The detection laser output by the detection laser is divided into two identical light beams passing through the atomic gas chamber A and the atomic gas chamber B respectively by the dichroic prism, the first photodetector is used to collect the signal output by the atomic gas chamber A, the second photodetector is used to collect the signal output by the atomic gas chamber B, the external coil is used to apply an external signal to both the X direction and the Y direction, and a frequency sweep signal within a certain range is realized by continuously adjusting the frequency and phase of the external signal, and the signal acquisition system is used to collect the signals output by the first photodetector and the second photodetector.

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