Force-heat-electricity multi-load material testing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a force-heat-electricity multi-load test device which comprises a mechanical loading system, an environment box, a current loading system, a data and image acquisition system and a control system. The device adopts a servo electric cylinder to load force, adjusts the temperature in an environment box by controlling a resistance heating sheet and a compressor, controls a current source to realize current loading, processes collected speckles of a test piece based on a digital image correlation technology to obtain strain and deformation, and has a force, heat and electric single field and multi-field coupling function; the device can be easily matched with other equipment to expand functions, is simple in structure, high in precision and convenient to adjust, and can be used for material performance test scientific research and teaching under the action of force, heat and electric single field and multi-field coupling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material mechanical property measurement, in particular to a material force-heat-electricity multi-load test device. Background Art

[0002] Various new materials such as piezoelectric materials and carbon fiber reinforced composites have been used more and more widely. These materials are often subjected to multiple loads such as force, heat and electricity during service. The mechanical performance indicators under single and multi-field coupling conditions are the basis of product design and reliability evaluation. Therefore, relevant force-heat-electricity multi-load test equipment is needed.

[0003] In order to construct experimental conditions for multi-field coupling, the existing technology often simply stacks the equipment that generates various fields. The installation and removal are troublesome, the data of various equipment cannot be automatically processed, and the cost is high and the efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-cost and high-precision material force-heat-electricity multi-load testing device, which can apply force, heat, electricity single load or multi-load coupled loading, and simultaneously collect deformation and other information.

[0005] The invention provides a material force-heat-electricity multi-load test device, comprising: a support rod, an optical flat plate, a reinforcement plate, a three-point bending base, a flange, a three-point bending sliding support, a test piece, a linear optical axis, a linear bearing, a guide plate, a fixing plate, an electric cylinder seat, an electric cylinder, a servo motor, a bolt, an electric cylinder telescopic rod, a floating joint, a force sensor, a connecting rod, an environmental chamber, a three-point bending pressure head, a light source, an industrial camera, a suspension rod, a slide rail seat, a controller, a computer, a display stand, a display, a linear guide rail, a slider, a stepping motor, an XY displacement stage, a sleeve, a fine-tuning nut, a fastening nut, a rod, a universal joint pan / tilt, a camera bracket, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a heating plate, and a thermocouple; the lower end of the support rod is connected to the upper end of the foot cup and is connected to the optical flat plate. The optical plate is connected by bolts to a reinforcement plate, and four linear optical axes are fixed above the reinforcement plate by flanges; the fixing plate fixes the electric cylinder seat to the linear optical axis by bolts; the electric cylinder is installed on the electric cylinder seat by bolts, and the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder is driven to move by a servo motor; the upper end of the floating joint is connected to the guide plate at the lower end of the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder, and the guide plate is connected to the linear bearing matched with the linear optical axis; the lower end of the guide plate is connected to the force sensor, and is connected to the three-point bending pressure head through a connecting rod; the three-point bending base is fixed to the reinforcement plate by bolts, and the three-point bending sliding support can move on the three-point bending base to adjust the span during three-point bending; the three-point bending fixture and the specimen are placed in the environmental chamber; the industrial camera can adjust its relative position with the specimen through the fixture.

[0006] Specifically, four support rods are arranged under the optical platform facing the reinforcing plate to ensure mechanical loading stability.

[0007] Specifically, the clamps connected by the connecting rods include, but are not limited to, tension, compression, bending, shearing, and fatigue. When current loading is performed, electrical insulation should be performed between the specimen and the clamp.

[0008] Specifically, the part of the environmental box facing the industrial camera is made of transparent material. The temperature is raised through the heating plate, and the temperature is lowered through the loop composed of the compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator introduced into the environmental box. The temperature in the environmental box is collected by the thermocouple, and the temperature is controlled by the temperature control unit in the controller.

[0009] Specifically, the current load on the test piece is applied by a current source in the controller.

[0010] Specifically, the industrial camera position adjustment fixture includes a suspension rod, a slide rail seat, a linear guide, a linear slide driven by a stepper motor, an XY translation table, a vertical adjustment rod, a universal joint pan-tilt head, and a camera bracket; the suspension rod fixes the slide rail seat to the bottom of the optical platform with an opening through a thread; the linear slide driven by the stepper motor is installed on the linear guide rail, the XY translation table is installed on the linear slide slider, the vertical Z-axis adjustment sleeve is fixed to the XY translation table, and the rod matching with the sleeve can be coarsely adjusted and fine-tuned in the vertical direction by tightening nuts and fine-tuning nuts; the lower end of the universal joint pan-tilt head is connected to the rod matching with the sleeve, and the upper end is connected to the camera bracket; the camera is fixed on the camera bracket, and the light source is fixed on both sides of the camera through the camera bracket.

[0011] Specifically, the camera includes but is not limited to a single camera, and two cameras or more are also applicable.

[0012] Specifically, the light source may be an LED light source.

[0013] Specifically, the force sensor, servo motor, heater, compressor, thermocouple, current loading electrode, stepper motor, industrial camera, and light source are all connected to the controller. The controller is connected to the computer through an interface. The host computer software simultaneously realizes functions such as force measurement, electric cylinder movement, temperature control, current loading, and industrial camera image acquisition.

[0014] Specifically, the host computer software can perform single loads of force, heat, and electricity, or multiple load coupling loading, and can draw curves such as load-displacement and temperature-time.

[0015] Specifically, the industrial camera images are processed using digital image correlation technology to obtain the full-field displacement and strain information of the specimen.

[0016] Specifically, the device can also be used in conjunction with other instruments, such as a strain gauge to measure the strain at a certain position of the test piece.

[0017] Specifically, the environment box may also be modified to set up a corrosive environment.

[0018] Specifically, the form of the test piece is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, and regular test pieces such as a cylinder are also applicable.

[0019] Specifically, the materials to be measured include, but are not limited to, metal materials, polymer materials, ceramic materials and composite materials.

[0020] It can be seen from the above description of the present invention that, compared with the existing method, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The device provided by the present invention uses a servo electric cylinder to load force, realizes thermal field loading through heating plate and compressor refrigeration cycle control, and realizes current loading by controlling the output of the current source. Single field and multi-field coupling loading can be performed on the specimen.

[0022] (2) The device provided by the present invention integrates a non-contact optical deformation measurement method to avoid the additional deformation introduced by contact measurement, and has the advantage of high measurement accuracy.

[0023] (3) The device provided by the present invention can simultaneously collect information such as force, temperature, resistance, deformation, etc., and has a simple structure, low cost, and high measurement accuracy.

[0024] (4) The device provided by the present invention integrates force, heat, electricity and light, and has extremely high openness. Sufficient space and interfaces are reserved at the lower end of the guide plate and the optical platform for functional expansion, which can better meet the needs of scientific research and teaching practice.

[0025] In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, preferred embodiments are given below with reference to the accompanying drawings for detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The same reference symbols throughout the drawings represent the same components.

[0027] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the mechanical-thermal-electrical multi-load material testing device provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of the mechanical-thermal-electrical multi-load material testing device provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of the visual part fixture of the force-heat-electricity multi-load material testing device provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the pipeline and line connections of the force-heat-electricity multi-load material testing device provided by the present invention.

[0031] Among them: 1 support rod; 2 optical flat plate; 3 reinforcement plate; 4 three-point bending base; 5 flange; 6 three-point bending sliding support; 7 test piece; 8 linear optical axis; 9 linear bearing; 10 guide plate; 11 fixed plate; 12 electric cylinder seat; 13 electric cylinder; 14 servo motor; 15 bolt; 16 electric cylinder telescopic rod; 17 floating joint; 18 force sensor; 19 connecting rod; 20 environmental chamber; 21 three-point bending pressure head; 22 light source; 23 industrial camera; 24 suspension rod; 25 slide rail seat; 26 controller; 27 computer; 28 display stand; 29 display; 30 linear guide rail; 31 slider; 32 stepper motor; 33 X-Y translation stage; 34 sleeve; 35 fine-tuning nut; 36 fastening nut; 37 rod; 38 universal joint pan head; 39 camera bracket; 40 compressor; 41 condenser; 42 expansion valve; 43 evaporator; 44 heating plate; 45 thermocouple. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention provides a force-heat-electric multi-load test device, including: a support rod 1, an optical plate 2, a reinforcing plate 3, a three-point bending base 4, a flange 5, a three-point bending sliding support 6, a test piece 7, a linear optical axis 8, a linear bearing 9, a guide plate 10, a fixing plate 11, an electric cylinder seat 12, an electric cylinder 13, a servo motor 14, a bolt 15, an electric cylinder telescopic rod 16, a floating joint 17, a force sensor 18, a connecting rod 19, an environmental chamber 20, a three-point Bending head 21, light source 22, industrial camera 23, suspension rod 24, slide rail seat 25, controller 26, computer 27, display stand 28, display 29, linear guide rail 30, slider 31, stepping motor 32, XY displacement stage 33, sleeve 34, fine adjustment nut 35, fastening nut 36, rod 37, universal joint pan / tilt 38, camera bracket 39, compressor 40, condenser 41, expansion valve 42, evaporator 43, heating plate 44, thermocouple 45, Among them: the lower end of the support rod 1 is connected to the upper end of the foot cup and is connected to the optical plate 2 through a thread; the optical plate 2 is connected to the reinforcement plate 3 through bolts, and the linear optical axis 8 is fixed above the reinforcement plate 3 through a flange 5; the fixing plate 11 fixes the electric cylinder seat 12 to the linear optical axis 8 through bolts 15; the electric cylinder 13 is installed on the electric cylinder seat 12 through bolts, and the electric cylinder telescopic rod 16 is driven to move by the servo motor 14; the upper end of the floating joint 17 is connected to the electric cylinder telescopic rod 16 and the lower end is connected to the guide plate 10, and the guide plate 10 is connected to the linear bearing 9 matched with the linear optical axis 8; the lower end of the guide plate 10 is connected to the force sensor 18, and is connected to the three-point bending pressure head 21 through the connecting rod 19; the three-point bending base 4 is fixed to the reinforcement plate 3 by bolts, and the three-point bending sliding support 6 can move on the three-point bending base 4 to adjust the span during three-point bending; the three-point bending fixture and the test piece 7 are placed in the environmental chamber 20; the industrial camera 23 can adjust its relative position with the test piece through the fixture.

[0034] Specifically, four support rods are arranged below the optical platform facing the reinforcing plate 3 to ensure mechanical loading stability.

[0035] Specifically, the fixture connected by the connecting rod 19 includes, but is not limited to, tension, compression, bending, shearing, and fatigue. When current loading is performed, electrical insulation should be performed between the test piece and the fixture.

[0036] Specifically, the part of the environmental box 20 facing the industrial camera 23 is made of transparent material. The temperature is raised through the heating plate 44, and the temperature is lowered through the loop composed of the compressor 40, the condenser 41, the expansion valve 42 and the evaporator 43 introduced into the environmental box. The thermocouple 45 collects the temperature in the environmental box 20, and the temperature is controlled by the temperature control unit in the controller 26.

[0037] Specifically, the current load on the test piece 7 is applied by the current source in the controller 26 .

[0038] Specifically, the position adjustment fixture of the industrial camera 23 includes a suspension rod 24, a slide rail seat 25, a linear guide 30, a linear slide driven by a stepper motor 32, an XY displacement table 33, a vertical adjustment rod 37, a universal joint pan-tilt 38, and a camera bracket 39; the suspension rod 24 fixes the slide rail seat 25 under the optical plate 2 with a hole through a thread; the linear slide driven by the stepper motor 32 is installed on the linear guide rail 30, the XY displacement table is installed on the linear slide slider 31, the vertical Z-direction adjustment sleeve 34 is fixed to the XY displacement table 33, and the rod 37 matched with the sleeve 34 can be coarsely adjusted and finely adjusted in the vertical direction by tightening the nut 36 and the fine-tuning nut 35; the lower end of the universal joint pan-tilt 38 is connected to the rod 37 matched with the sleeve, and the upper end is connected to the camera bracket 39; the industrial camera 23 is fixed on the camera bracket 39, and the light source 22 is fixed on both sides of the camera through the camera bracket 39.

[0039] Specifically, the industrial camera 23 includes but is not limited to a single camera, and two cameras or more are also applicable.

[0040] Specifically, the light source 22 may be an LED light source.

[0041] Specifically, the force sensor 18, the servo motor 14, the heating plate 44, the compressor 40, the thermocouple 45, the current loading electrode, the stepper motor 32, the industrial camera 23, and the light source 22 are all connected to the controller 26. The controller 26 is connected to the computer 27 through an interface, and the upper computer software simultaneously realizes functions such as force measurement, electric cylinder movement, temperature control, current loading, and industrial camera image acquisition.

[0042] Specifically, the host computer software can perform single loads of force, heat, and electricity, or multiple load coupling loading, and can draw curves such as load-displacement and temperature-time.

[0043] Specifically, the image of the industrial camera 23 is processed based on the digital image correlation technology to obtain the full-field displacement and strain information of the specimen.

[0044] Specifically, the device can also be used in conjunction with other instruments, such as a strain gauge to measure the strain at a certain position of the test piece.

[0045] Specifically, the environment box 20 may also be modified to set a corrosive environment.

[0046] Specifically, the form of the test piece 7 is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, and regular test pieces such as a cylinder are also applicable.

[0047] Specifically, the materials to be measured include, but are not limited to, metal materials, polymer materials, ceramic materials and composite materials.

[0048] The method for using the force-heat-electricity multi-load test device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is now described as follows:

[0049] 1) The end surface of the test piece 7 in contact with the current source electrode is flattened. If the end surface has poor conductivity, it is necessary to improve the conductivity by coating conductive glue, electroplating, etc. to reduce the contact resistance. The end surface of the test piece is connected to the current source electrode by welding, gluing, etc.;

[0050] 2) Measure the initial axial length, width, thickness, and the distance between the two blade support columns of the specimen;

[0051] 3) Place the test piece 7 on the test fixture to form a three-point bending stress form;

[0052] 4) Turn on the power of the device, start the computer and the force-heat-electricity multi-load test device software, set the force size and loading rate, test temperature, current waveform and action time, and data to be saved.

[0053] 5) Adjust the position adjustment fixture of the industrial camera 23 so that the industrial camera can collect a clear speckle image of the test piece;

[0054] 6) Close the environmental chamber door, click the start button of the test device software, and when the temperature of the environmental chamber reaches the set conditions, force and current are automatically loaded according to the set control program, and the specimen image is collected at the same time;

[0055] 7) Based on digital image correlation technology, the specimen image is processed to calculate the deformation and strain at different times;

[0056] 8) After the program is executed, the test device enters the standby state and the test ends.

[0057] In the description of the above embodiments of the invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A material force-heat-electricity multi-load test device, characterized in that: include: Support rod, optical plate, reinforcement plate, three-point bending base, flange, three-point bending sliding support, test piece, linear optical axis, linear bearing, guide plate, fixed plate, electric cylinder seat, electric cylinder, servo motor, bolt, electric cylinder telescopic rod, floating joint, force sensor, connecting rod, environmental chamber, three-point bending pressure head, light source, industrial camera, suspension rod, slide rail seat, controller, computer, display stand, display, linear guide, slider, stepper motor, XY translation stage, sleeve, fine-tuning nut, fastening nut, rod, universal joint pan / tilt, camera bracket, compressor, condenser, expansion valve, evaporator, heating plate, thermocouple; the lower end of the support rod is connected to the upper end of the foot cup and is connected to the optical plate through a thread; the optical plate is connected through The reinforcing plate is connected by bolts, and the four linear optical axes are fixed above the reinforcing plate by flanges; the fixing plate fixes the electric cylinder seat to the linear optical axis by bolts; the electric cylinder is installed on the electric cylinder seat by bolts, and the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder is driven to move by the servo motor; the upper end of the floating joint is connected to the guide plate at the lower end of the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder, and the guide plate is connected to the linear bearing matched with the linear optical axis; the lower end of the guide plate is connected to the force sensor, and is connected to the three-point bending pressure head through a connecting rod; the three-point bending base is fixed to the reinforcing plate by bolts, and the three-point bending sliding support can move on the three-point bending base to adjust the span during three-point bending; the three-point bending fixture and the test piece are placed in the environmental chamber; the industrial camera can adjust its relative position with the test piece through the fixture; Four support rods are arranged under the optical platform facing the reinforcing plate to ensure mechanical loading stability; The fixtures connected by the connecting rod include, but are not limited to, tension, compression, bending, shearing, and fatigue. When current loading is performed, electrical insulation should be performed between the test piece and the fixture; The part of the environmental box facing the industrial camera is made of transparent material; the temperature is raised through the heating plate, and the temperature is lowered through the loop composed of the compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator introduced into the environmental box; the temperature in the environmental box is collected by the thermocouple, and the temperature is controlled by the temperature control unit in the controller; The electric load is applied to the test piece by a current source in the controller; The industrial camera position adjustment fixture comprises a suspension rod, a slide rail seat, a linear guide rail, a linear slide table driven by a stepper motor, an XY displacement table, a vertical adjustment rod, a universal joint pan-tilt head, and a camera bracket; the suspension rod fixes the slide rail seat to the bottom of the optical platform with a hole through a thread; the linear slide table driven by the stepper motor is installed on the linear guide rail, the XY displacement table is installed on the slider of the linear slide table, the vertical Z-direction adjustment sleeve is fixed to the XY displacement table, and the rod matched with the sleeve can be coarsely adjusted and finely adjusted in the vertical direction respectively by a fastening nut and a fine-tuning nut; the lower end of the universal joint pan-tilt head is connected to the rod matched with the sleeve, and the upper end is connected to the camera bracket; the camera is fixed on the camera bracket, and the light source is fixed on both sides of the camera through the camera bracket; The cameras include but are not limited to single cameras, and two cameras or more are also applicable; The light source may be an LED light source; The force sensor, servo motor, heating plate, compressor, thermocouple, current loading electrode, stepper motor, industrial camera, and light source are all connected to the controller, and the controller is connected to the computer through an interface, and the upper computer software simultaneously realizes the functions of force measurement, electric cylinder movement, temperature control, current loading, industrial camera image acquisition, etc.; The host computer software can perform single loads of force, heat, and electricity or multiple load coupling loading, and can draw curves such as load-displacement, temperature-time, etc.; The industrial camera image can obtain the full-field displacement and strain information of the specimen based on the digital image correlation method (DIC) processing; The device can also be used in conjunction with other instruments, such as a strain gauge to measure the strain at a certain position of the test piece.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The measurement steps include: 1) The end surface of the specimen in contact with the current source electrode is flattened. If the conductivity of the end surface is poor, it is necessary to improve the conductivity by coating conductive glue, electroplating, etc. to reduce the contact resistance. The end surface of the specimen is connected to the current source electrode by welding, gluing, etc.; 2) Measure the initial axial length, width, thickness and other information of the specimen; 3) Place the test piece on the test fixture; 4) Turn on the power of the device, start the computer and the force-heat-electricity multi-load test device software, set the force size and loading rate, test temperature, current waveform and action time, and data to be saved; 5) Adjust the position adjustment fixture of the industrial camera so that the industrial camera can collect clear speckle images of the test piece; 6) Close the environmental chamber door, click the start button of the test device software, and when the temperature of the environmental chamber reaches the set conditions, force and current are automatically loaded according to the set control program, and the specimen image is collected at the same time; 7) Based on digital image correlation technology, the specimen image is processed to calculate the deformation and strain at different times; 8) After the program is executed, the test device enters the standby state and the test ends.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The environment box can also be modified to set a corrosive environment.

4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The test piece form is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, and regular test pieces such as a cylinder are also applicable.

5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The materials to be measured include, but are not limited to, metal materials, polymer materials, ceramic materials and composite materials.

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