Comprehensive performance verification method for wear-resistant layer of turbine blade

Abstract

The invention relates to a comprehensive performance verification method for a wear-resistant layer of a turbine blade, and belongs to the technical field of turbine blades, the comprehensive performance verification method comprises a melting performance test, a pressure-resistant performance test, a wear-resistant performance test, a high-temperature hardness test and a tension shear test, and the melting performance test is performed on a welding rod made of a first material; the first wear-resistant layer made of the first material is subjected to a pressure resistance test, the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer made of the first material are subjected to a wear resistance test, the fourth wear-resistant layer made of the first material is subjected to a high-temperature hardness test, and the blade crown wear-resistant layer made of the first material is subjected to a tension shear test. The device has the beneficial effects that a fusion performance test, a pressure resistance test, a wear resistance test, a high-temperature hardness test and a tension shear test are carried out on the welding rod made of the first material, so that the comprehensive performance test on the welding rod made of the first material is realized, and whether the welding rod made of the first material can be used for processing a blade or not is judged; and the machining quality and safety of the blade are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of turbine blades, and in particular to a method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a wear-resistant layer of a turbine blade. Background Art

[0002] At present, the wear-resistant alloy layer on the blade crown meshing surface of aircraft engine turbine blades has low high temperature hardness, low wear resistance, low pressure resistance and low shear resistance. At the same time, turbine blades will vibrate and collide with each other under complex working conditions such as high temperature, high load, high centrifugal force and thermal stress, which will aggravate the wear-resistant layer with low high temperature hardness to produce large pits and accelerate wear. In severe cases, the wear-resistant layer will lose corners or even blocks, which will increase the gap between the blade crowns of the turbine blades and increase the vibration of the turbine blades, which will affect and risk the performance of the aircraft engine. Therefore, it is necessary to verify the comprehensive performance of the wear-resistant layer of the turbine blades.

[0003] Therefore, a comprehensive performance verification method for a turbine blade wear-resistant layer is provided to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is how to test the comprehensive performance of the wear-resistant layer of a turbine blade.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a comprehensive performance verification method for a turbine blade wear-resistant layer, including a melting performance test, a pressure resistance test, a wear resistance test, a high temperature hardness test and a tensile shear test:

[0006] The melting performance test comprises: step 1001, surfacing a welding rod on a square plate of a material different from the welding rod, the material of the welding rod being a first material; step 1002, observing the appearance of a weld on the square plate, and determining whether the appearance of the weld meets the weld appearance requirements;

[0007] The pressure resistance performance test comprises: step 2001, preparing a pressure test block, welding two ends of the pressure test block by welding rods of a first material to form a first wear-resistant layer, and the material of the first wear-resistant layer is different from the material of the pressure test block; step 2002, performing a compressive strength test on the two ends of the pressure test block according to a first preset requirement, obtaining a compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer, and judging whether the compressive strength value meets the compressive strength requirement;

[0008] The wear resistance test includes: step 3001, preparing a wear-resistant block, the wear-resistant block includes an upper wear-resistant test block and a lower wear-resistant test block, the bottom of the upper wear-resistant test block is welded with a second wear-resistant layer of a material different from the material thereof, the material of the second wear-resistant layer is the first material, and the top of the lower wear-resistant test block 4 is welded with a third wear-resistant layer of a material different from the material thereof, the material of the third wear-resistant layer is the first material; step 3002, arranging the upper wear-resistant test block above the lower wear-resistant test block, and making the second wear-resistant layer abut against the third wear-resistant layer; step 3003, performing a reciprocating friction and wear test on the upper wear-resistant test block and the lower wear-resistant test block, obtaining the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer, and judging whether the friction coefficient meets the friction coefficient requirement;

[0009] The high temperature hardness test comprises: step 4001, preparing a high temperature hardness test block, the top of the high temperature hardness test block is welded with a fourth wear-resistant layer of a material different from the material thereof, the material of the fourth wear-resistant layer is the first material, and the bottom of the high temperature hardness test block has a heating hole; step 4002, after the high temperature hardness test block is heated to a preset high temperature through the heating hole, a high temperature hardness test is performed on the fourth wear-resistant layer according to a second preset requirement, the indentation surface area of ​​the fourth wear-resistant layer is measured, the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer is obtained, and it is judged whether the Vickers hardness value meets the Vickers hardness value requirement;

[0010] The tensile shear test includes: step 5001, preparing a tensile shear assembly, the tensile shear assembly includes a blade and a shear hook, a crown of the blade is welded with a crown wear-resistant layer of a material different from the blade, the crown wear-resistant layer is made of a first material, the top of the shear hook is fixedly connected to one end of a tensile testing machine, the bottom of the shear hook abuts against the crown wear-resistant layer, and the tenon of the blade is fixedly connected to the other end of the tensile testing machine; step 5002, performing a tensile shear test on the crown wear-resistant layer to obtain a maximum shear force value of the crown wear-resistant layer, and judging whether the maximum shear force value meets the maximum shear force value requirement.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that a welding rod made of the first material is subjected to a melting performance test on a square plate, and the process performance of the welding rod made of the first material can be judged by observing whether the appearance of the welding rod meets the weld appearance requirements.

[0012] A pressure resistance test is performed on the first wear-resistant layer made of the first material on the pressure-resistant test block. By observing the strength of the deformation of the first wear-resistant layer, it is determined whether the compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer meets the compressive strength requirements, and then the pressure resistance of the first wear-resistant layer made of the first material is determined.

[0013] A wear resistance test is carried out on the wear-resistant upper test block and the wear-resistant lower test block. By judging whether the value of the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer made of the first material on the wear-resistant upper test block and the third wear-resistant layer made of the first material on the wear-resistant lower test block meets the friction coefficient requirements, the wear resistance of the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer made of the first material is judged.

[0014] After the high-temperature hardness test block is heated to the preset temperature through the heating hole, a high-temperature hardness test is performed on the fourth wear-resistant layer made of the first material. By judging whether the value of the Vickers hardness of the fourth wear-resistant layer meets the Vickers hardness value requirement, the high-temperature hardness performance of the fourth wear-resistant layer made of the first material is judged.

[0015] After the blade is fixedly connected to the tensile testing machine through the shear hook, a tensile shear test is performed on the crown wear-resistant layer of the blade made of the first material. By judging whether the value of the maximum shear force of the crown wear-resistant layer meets the maximum shear force value requirement, the shear resistance performance of the crown wear-resistant layer made of the first material is judged.

[0016] By conducting melting performance test, pressure resistance test, wear resistance test, high temperature hardness test and tensile shear test on the welding rods of the first material, a comprehensive performance test of the welding rods of the first material can be carried out, and then it can be determined whether the welding rods of the first material can be used to process blades, thereby ensuring the processing quality and safety of the blades.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0018] Further, in the pressure resistance test, the shape is cylindrical, the diameter is 10 mm, the height is 17 mm, the cross-section of the first wear-resistant layer is circular, the diameter of the first wear-resistant layer is 10 mm, and the thickness of the first wear-resistant layer is 4 mm.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that by conducting a pressure resistance test on the first wear-resistant layer on the pressure resistance test block, the pressure resistance of the material of the first wear-resistant layer can be determined. The precise size of the first wear-resistant layer can improve the wear resistance of the first wear-resistant layer during the movement of the blade and prevent the blade from falling due to shaking and impact during the movement of the blade.

[0020] Furthermore, in the pressure resistance test, the compressive strength value is calculated by the following formula: P=F / S; wherein P represents the compressive strength, F represents the minimum force when the first wear-resistant layer yields, and S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the first wear-resistant layer.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: by observing the compressive strength of the first wear-resistant layer in the pressure resistance test and whether the appearance of the first wear-resistant layer is seriously deformed, it is judged whether the pressure resistance of the first wear-resistant layer of the material meets the pressure resistance requirements.

[0022] Furthermore, in the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant upper test block is cylindrical, the diameter of the wear-resistant upper test block is 4.8 mm, the height of the wear-resistant upper test block is 5.5 mm, the second wear-resistant layer includes a spherical wear-resistant layer and a cylindrical wear-resistant layer, the top of the spherical wear-resistant layer is arc-shaped, the bottom of the spherical wear-resistant layer is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical wear-resistant layer, the bottom of the cylindrical wear-resistant layer is fixedly connected to the wear-resistant upper test block, the diameter of the second wear-resistant layer is 4.8 mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer is 3.5 mm.

[0023] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the wear resistance of the second wear-resistant layer on the wear-resistant upper test block can be judged. The precise size of the second wear-resistant layer can improve the wear resistance of the second wear-resistant layer during the movement of the blade, avoiding the increase of the crown gap of the blade and the loss of the damping effect of vibration reduction due to severe wear during the movement of the blade.

[0024] Further, in the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant lower test block is cylindrical, the diameter of the wear-resistant lower test block is 12 mm, the height of the wear-resistant lower test block is 1 mm, the third wear-resistant layer is circular, the diameter of the third wear-resistant layer is 12 mm, and the thickness of the third wear-resistant layer is 2 mm.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the wear resistance of the third wear-resistant layer material can be determined by performing a wear resistance test on the third wear-resistant layer on the wear-resistant lower test block. The precise size of the third wear-resistant layer can improve the wear resistance of the third wear-resistant layer during the movement of the blade, thereby avoiding the increase of the crown gap of the blade and the loss of the damping effect of vibration reduction due to severe wear during the movement of the blade.

[0026] Furthermore, in the wear resistance test, the friction coefficient is calculated by the following formula: G=M1-M2 / A, wherein G represents the friction coefficient, M1 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer before wear, M2 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer after wear, and A represents the sum of the worn areas of the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer.

[0027] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: by judging the numerical value of the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer on the wear-resistant upper test block and the third wear-resistant layer on the wear-resistant lower test block, it is judged whether the wear resistance of the second wear-resistant layer and the third wear-resistant layer of the material meets the wear resistance requirements.

[0028] Furthermore, in the high temperature hardness test, the high temperature hardness test block is cylindrical, the diameter of the high temperature hardness test block is 10 mm, the height of the high temperature hardness test block is 2 mm, the fourth wear-resistant layer is circular, the diameter of the fourth wear-resistant layer is 10 mm, the thickness of the fourth wear-resistant layer is 3 mm, the aperture of the heating hole is 2 mm, and the depth of the heating hole is 2 mm.

[0029] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: by conducting a high temperature hardness test on the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 on the high temperature hardness test block 5, the high temperature hardness performance of the material of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 can be determined, so as to avoid the blade 7 from generating pits and deformation under the action of shaking and impact due to the insufficient hardness of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 during the movement of the blade 7, thereby increasing the crown gap of the blade 7 and causing it to lose its damping effect. The precise size of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 can improve the wear resistance of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 during the movement of the blade 7.

[0030] Furthermore, in the high temperature hardness test, the Vickers hardness value is calculated by the following formula: HV=F / S, wherein HV represents the Vickers hardness value, F represents the load, and S represents the indentation surface area.

[0031] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is: by observing the difference between the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer in the high-temperature hardness test and the Vickers hardness value of the blade substrate material, it is determined whether the fourth wear-resistant layer of the material meets the high-temperature hardness performance requirements.

[0032] Further, in the tensile shear test, the shear hook includes a first shear column, a second shear column and a third shear column, the top of the first shear column is fixedly connected to one end of the tensile testing machine, the bottom of the first shear column is fixedly connected to the top of the second shear column, the bottom of the second shear column is fixedly connected to the top of the third shear column, and the blade crown wear-resistant layer is located above the bottom plate of the third shear column and abuts against it.

[0033] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the shear resistance performance of the blade crown wear-resistant layer can be determined by performing a tensile shear test on the blade crown wear-resistant layer abutting against the shear hook.

[0034] Furthermore, the thickness of the blade crown wear-resistant layer is the same as the height of the third shear column. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a square plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of forming a weld seam after the welding rod of the present invention is surfacing on a square plate;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure-resistant test block of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wear-resistant upper test block of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wear-resistant lower test block of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high temperature hardness test block of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shear hook of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a side view of the blade of the present invention.

[0044] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0045] 1. Square plate; 2. Pressure test block; 201. First wear-resistant layer; 3. Upper wear-resistant test block; 301. Second wear-resistant layer; 302. Spherical wear-resistant layer; 303. Columnar wear-resistant layer; 4. Lower wear-resistant test block; 401. Third wear-resistant layer; 5. High-temperature hardness test block; 501. Fourth wear-resistant layer; 502. Heating hole; 6. Shear hook; 601. First shear column; 602. Second shear column; 603. Third shear column; 7. Blade; 701. Blade crown wear-resistant layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a comprehensive performance verification method for a turbine blade wear-resistant layer, including a melting performance test, a pressure resistance test, a wear resistance test, a high temperature hardness test, and a tensile shear test:

[0048] The melting performance test comprises: step 1001, surfacing a welding rod on a square plate 1 of a material different from the square plate 1, wherein the material of the welding rod is a first material; step 1002, observing the appearance of the weld on the square plate 1, and determining whether the appearance of the weld meets the weld appearance requirements;

[0049] The pressure resistance performance test comprises: step 2001, preparing a pressure test block 2, welding two ends of the pressure test block 2 by welding with a welding rod of a first material to form a first wear-resistant layer 201, and the material of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is different from the material of the pressure test block 2; step 2002, performing a compressive strength test on the two ends of the pressure test block 2 according to a first preset requirement, obtaining a compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer 201, and judging whether the compressive strength value meets the compressive strength requirement;

[0050] The wear resistance test includes: step 3001, preparing a wear-resistant block, the wear-resistant block includes an upper wear-resistant test block 3 and a lower wear-resistant test block 4, the bottom of the upper wear-resistant test block 3 is welded with a second wear-resistant layer 301 of a material different from the upper wear-resistant test block 3, the material of the second wear-resistant layer 301 is the first material, and the top of the lower wear-resistant test block 4 is welded with a third wear-resistant layer 401 of a material different from the upper wear-resistant test block 4, and the material of the third wear-resistant layer 401 is the first material; step 3002, arranging the upper wear-resistant test block 3 above the lower wear-resistant test block 4, and making the second wear-resistant layer 301 abut against the third wear-resistant layer 401; step 3003, performing a reciprocating friction and wear test on the upper wear-resistant test block 3 and the lower wear-resistant test block 4, obtaining the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401, and judging whether the friction coefficient meets the friction coefficient requirement;

[0051] The high temperature hardness test comprises: step 4001, preparing a high temperature hardness test block 5, the top of the high temperature hardness test block 5 is welded with a fourth wear-resistant layer 501 of a material different from the material thereof, the material of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is the first material, and the bottom of the high temperature hardness test block 5 has a heating hole 502; step 4002, after heating the high temperature hardness test block 5 to a preset high temperature through the heating hole 502, performing a high temperature hardness test on the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 according to a second preset requirement, measuring the indentation surface area of ​​the fourth wear-resistant layer 501, obtaining the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501, and judging whether the Vickers hardness value meets the Vickers hardness value requirement;

[0052] The tensile shear test includes: step 5001, preparing a tensile shear component, the tensile shear component includes a blade 7 and a shear hook 6, the crown of the blade 7 is welded with a crown wear-resistant layer 701 of a material different from the blade 7, the material of the crown wear-resistant layer 701 is a first material, the top of the shear hook 6 is fixedly connected to one end of a tensile testing machine, the bottom of the shear hook 6 is in contact with the crown wear-resistant layer 701, and the tenon of the blade 7 is fixedly connected to the other end of the tensile testing machine; step 5002, performing a tensile shear test on the crown wear-resistant layer 701 to obtain the maximum shear force value of the crown wear-resistant layer 701, and judging whether the maximum shear force value meets the maximum shear force value requirement.

[0053] A welding rod made of the first material is subjected to a melting performance test on the square plate 1. By observing whether the appearance of the welding rod meets the weld appearance requirements, the process performance of the welding rod made of the first material can be determined.

[0054] A pressure resistance test is performed on the first wear-resistant layer 201 made of the first material on the pressure-resistant test block 2. By observing the strength of the deformation of the first wear-resistant layer 201, it is determined whether the compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer 201 meets the compressive strength requirements, and then the pressure resistance of the first wear-resistant layer 201 made of the first material is determined.

[0055] A wear resistance test is performed on the wear-resistant upper test block 3 and the wear-resistant lower test block 4. By judging whether the value of the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer 301 made of the first material on the wear-resistant upper test block 3 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 made of the first material on the wear-resistant lower test block 4 meets the friction coefficient requirement, the wear resistance of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 made of the first material is judged.

[0056] After the high-temperature hardness test block 5 is heated to the preset temperature through the heating hole 502, a high-temperature hardness test is performed on the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 made of the first material. By judging whether the value of the Vickers hardness of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 meets the Vickers hardness value requirement, the high-temperature hardness performance of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 made of the first material is judged.

[0057] After the blade 7 is fixedly connected to the tensile testing machine through the shear hook 6, a tensile shear test is performed on the crown wear-resistant layer 701 made of the first material on the crown of the blade 7. By judging whether the value of the maximum shear force of the crown wear-resistant layer 701 meets the maximum shear force value requirement, the shear resistance of the crown wear-resistant layer 701 made of the first material is judged.

[0058] By subjecting the welding rod of the first material to melting performance test, pressure resistance test, wear resistance test, high temperature hardness test and tensile shear test, a comprehensive performance test of the welding rod of the first material can be performed, and then it can be determined whether the welding rod of the first material can be used to process blade 7, thereby ensuring the processing quality and safety of blade 7.

[0059] Specifically, in the melting performance test, when the welding rod is subjected to the melting performance test, if the welding rod melts steadily and without spatter during the cladding process, and the weld after the cladding is completed has a uniform fish scale appearance and has good bonding strength, it proves that the process performance of the welding rod is good. Figure 2 As shown, the weld after surfacing is uniform and dense in fish scale shape.

[0060] At the same time, the TIG welding process can be used to weld the electrode to the square plate 1. The parameters of the welding process include: welding machine current 10A ~ 40A, welding gun argon gas flow 10L / min, welding gun electrode diameter 1.6mm and welding gun nozzle diameter 10mm, which can ensure that the electrode will not be oxidized by air during the surfacing process and improve the accuracy of the melting performance test.

[0061] Among them, the staff can choose to test welding rods of different materials to determine which material has the best welding rod process performance. Common welding rod materials include cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy (Co-Cr-Mo) or cobalt-chromium-tungsten alloy (Co-Cr-W).

[0062] In addition, in this embodiment, as follows Figure 1 As shown, the square plate 1 can be a cuboid with a length of 60±0.2 mm, a width of 60±0.2 mm, and a height of 2±0.2 mm; or a cuboid of different shapes, such as a cylinder, can be selected according to actual needs. The material of the square plate 1 is stainless steel or a heat-resistant alloy.

[0063] Furthermore, before the melting performance test, the welding rod and the square plate 1 to be tested need to be cleaned, and the welding rod is melted in a continuous and regular manner to obtain a weld with a width of 5 to 15 mm and a thickness of 3 to 5 mm.

[0064] On the basis of the above scheme, in the pressure resistance performance test, the pressure test block 2 is cylindrical, the diameter of the pressure test block 2 is 10 mm, the height of the pressure test block 2 is 17 mm, the cross-section of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is circular, the diameter of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is 10 mm, and the thickness of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is 4 mm.

[0065] By performing a pressure resistance test on the first wear-resistant layer 201 on the pressure resistance test block 2, the pressure resistance of the material of the first wear-resistant layer 201 can be determined. The precise size of the first wear-resistant layer 201 can improve the wear resistance of the first wear-resistant layer 201 during the movement of the blade 7 and prevent the blade 7 from falling due to shaking and impact during the movement.

[0066] Specifically, the precise size of the first wear-resistant layer 201 prevents the first wear-resistant layer 201 from being too thick, causing the blade 7 to fall off due to shaking and collision during movement, and prevents the first wear-resistant layer 201 from being too thin and not wear-resistant, thereby reducing the processing quality of the blade 7.

[0067] Specifically, the compressive strength test can be conducted using the first preset requirement of GB / T7314-2017, that is, using a compressive strength testing machine to apply an increasing unidirectional compressive force to the first wear-resistant layer 201 to determine the compressive strength of the material of the first wear-resistant layer 201 .

[0068] Among them, the staff should perform surfacing welding on the first wear-resistant layer 201 and the pressure-resistant test block 2 according to the specific requirements of the set surfacing welding process to ensure that the thickness of the pressure-resistant test block 2 after surfacing welding is uniform.

[0069] Specifically, the material of the pressure-resistant test block 2 is a high-temperature alloy layer.

[0070] The height error of the pressure test block 2 is 0.2 mm, the diameter error of the pressure test block 2 is 0.2 mm, and the height error of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is 0.2. The diameter error of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is 0.2 mm.

[0071] On the basis of the above scheme, in the pressure resistance test, the compressive strength value is calculated by the following formula: P=F / S; wherein P represents the compressive strength, F represents the minimum force exerted on the first wear-resistant layer 201 when it yields, and S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the first wear-resistant layer 201.

[0072] Whether the pressure resistance of the first wear-resistant layer 201 of the material meets the pressure resistance requirements is determined by observing the compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer 201 in the pressure resistance test and whether the appearance of the first wear-resistant layer 201 is severely deformed.

[0073] Specifically, a larger compressive strength value means that the material of the first wear-resistant layer 201 can withstand greater pressure without being damaged, and has stronger stability and pressure resistance, which proves that the material is a better material.

[0074] Meanwhile, if after the compressive strength test, the first wear-resistant layer 201 does not show serious deformation or cracks, it proves that the material of the first wear-resistant layer 201 has good pressure resistance.

[0075] On the basis of the above scheme, in the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant upper test block 3 is cylindrical, the diameter of the wear-resistant upper test block 3 is 4.8 mm, the height of the wear-resistant upper test block 3 is 5.5 mm, the second wear-resistant layer 301 includes a spherical wear-resistant layer 302 and a cylindrical wear-resistant layer 303, the top of the spherical wear-resistant layer 302 is arc-shaped, the bottom of the spherical wear-resistant layer 302 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylindrical wear-resistant layer 303, the bottom of the cylindrical wear-resistant layer 303 is fixedly connected to the wear-resistant upper test block 3, the diameter of the second wear-resistant layer 301 is 4.8 mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer 301 is 3.5 mm.

[0076] By performing a wear resistance test on the second wear-resistant layer 301 on the wear-resistant upper test block 3, the wear resistance of the material of the second wear-resistant layer 301 can be determined. The precise size of the second wear-resistant layer 301 can improve the wear resistance of the second wear-resistant layer 301 during the movement of the blade 7, thereby preventing the crown clearance of the blade 7 from increasing and losing its damping effect due to severe wear during the movement of the blade 7.

[0077] Specifically, the precise size of the second wear-resistant layer 301 prevents the second wear-resistant layer 301 from being too thick, causing the blade 7 to fall off due to shaking and collision during movement, and prevents the second wear-resistant layer 301 from being too thin and not wear-resistant, thereby reducing the processing quality of the blade 7.

[0078] The sum of the heights of the spherical wear-resistant layer 302 and the columnar wear-resistant layer 303 is 3.5 mm, and the radius of the spherical wear-resistant layer 302 is 4.75 mm.

[0079] In addition, the material of the wear-resistant upper test block 3 is a high-temperature alloy layer, and the height error of the wear-resistant upper test block 3 is 0.02 mm.

[0080] On the basis of the above scheme, in the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant lower test block 4 is cylindrical, the diameter of the wear-resistant lower test block 4 is 12 mm, the height of the wear-resistant lower test block 4 is 1 mm, the third wear-resistant layer 401 is circular, the diameter of the third wear-resistant layer 401 is 12 mm, and the thickness of the third wear-resistant layer 401 is 2 mm.

[0081] By performing a wear resistance test on the third wear-resistant layer 401 on the wear-resistant lower test block 4, the wear resistance of the material of the third wear-resistant layer 401 can be determined. The precise size of the third wear-resistant layer 401 can improve the wear resistance of the third wear-resistant layer 401 during the movement of the blade 7, thereby preventing the crown clearance of the blade 7 from increasing and losing its damping effect due to severe wear during the movement of the blade 7.

[0082] Specifically, the precise size of the third wear-resistant layer 401 prevents the third wear-resistant layer 401 from being too thick, causing the blade 7 to fall off due to shaking and collision during movement, and prevents the third wear-resistant layer 401 from being too thin and not wear-resistant, thereby reducing the processing quality of the blade 7.

[0083] Specifically, a high-frequency reciprocating friction and wear testing machine was used to test the wear-resistant upper test block 3 and the wear-resistant lower test block 4. The test parameters included: loading force 90N, reciprocating frequency 30Hz steplessly adjustable, test temperature 700°C, stroke 0.8mm and test time 2 hours.

[0084] Among them, the staff should perform surfacing welding on the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 and the wear-resistant upper test block 3 and the wear-resistant lower test block 4 according to the specific requirements of the set surfacing welding process to ensure that the thickness of the wear-resistant upper test block 3 and the wear-resistant lower test block 4 after surfacing welding is uniform.

[0085] Specifically, the material of the wear-resistant lower test block 4 is a high-temperature alloy layer.

[0086] Among them, the height error of the wear-resistant lower test block 4 is 0.02 mm.

[0087] On the basis of the above scheme, in the wear resistance test, the friction coefficient is calculated by the following formula: G=M1-M2 / A, wherein G represents the friction coefficient, M1 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 before wear, M2 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 after wear, and A represents the sum of the worn areas of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401.

[0088] By judging the value of the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer 301 on the upper wear-resistant test block 3 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 on the lower wear-resistant test block 4, it is judged whether the wear resistance of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 of the material meets the wear resistance requirements.

[0089] Specifically, in the numerical value of the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 of different materials, the smaller the value of the friction coefficient is, the better the wear resistance of the materials of the second wear-resistant layer 301 and the third wear-resistant layer 401 is.

[0090] On the basis of the above scheme, in the high temperature hardness test, the high temperature hardness test block 5 is cylindrical, the diameter of the high temperature hardness test block 5 is 10 mm, the height of the high temperature hardness test block 5 is 2 mm, the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is circular, the diameter of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is 10 mm, the thickness of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is 3 mm, the aperture of the heating hole 502 is 2 mm, and the hole depth of the heating hole 502 is 2 mm.

[0091] By performing a high temperature hardness test on the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 on the high temperature hardness test block 5, the high temperature hardness performance of the material of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 can be determined, so as to avoid the blade 7 from generating pits and deformation under the action of shaking and impact due to the insufficient hardness of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 during the movement of the blade 7, thereby increasing the crown gap of the blade 7 and causing it to lose its damping effect. The precise size of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 can improve the wear resistance of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 during the movement of the blade 7.

[0092] Specifically, the precise size of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 prevents the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 from being too thick, causing the blade 7 to fall off due to shaking and collision during movement, and prevents the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 from being too thin and not wear-resistant, thereby reducing the processing quality of the blade 7.

[0093] Specifically, the high temperature hardness test can be conducted using the second preset requirement of GB / T 4340.1-2009 "Vickers hardness test for metallic materials - Part 1: Test method", that is, a four-sided pyramid diamond indenter with two opposite surfaces at a specified angle on the top is pressed into the surface of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 with a certain test force, and after maintaining for a certain period of time, the test force is removed, and the surface area of ​​the indentation on the surface of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 can be measured.

[0094] In this embodiment, a regular tetrahedral diamond indenter is used to press into the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 with a load of 5 kg. After holding for 15 seconds, the test force is removed and the surface area of ​​the indentation on the surface of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is measured.

[0095] Specifically, the material of the high temperature hardness test block 5 is a high temperature alloy layer.

[0096] The height error of the high temperature hardness test block 5 is 0.5 mm, and the diameter error of the high temperature hardness test block 5 is 0.1 mm.

[0097] In addition, if Figure 6 As shown, the heating hole 502 is located in the middle of the high temperature hardness test block 5 .

[0098] On the basis of the above scheme, in the high temperature hardness test, the Vickers hardness value is calculated by the following formula: HV=F / S, wherein HV represents the Vickers hardness value, F represents the load, and S represents the indentation surface area.

[0099] By observing the difference between the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 in the high temperature hardness test and the Vickers hardness value of the blade 1 base material, it is determined whether the high temperature hardness performance of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 of the material meets the high temperature hardness performance requirements.

[0100] Specifically, when the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is higher than the Vickers hardness value of the blade substrate material, and the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 conforms to the trend that the hardness gradually decreases with increasing temperature, the material of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 is good.

[0101] The staff should perform build-up welding on the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 and the high-temperature hardness test block 5 according to the specific requirements of the built-up welding process to ensure that the thickness of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 after the build-up welding is uniform.

[0102] In addition, the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer 501 can also be measured using a high-temperature hardness tester.

[0103] On the basis of the above scheme, in the tensile shear test, the shear hook 6 includes a first shear column 601, a second shear column 602 and a third shear column 603, the top of the first shear column 601 is fixedly connected to one end of the tensile testing machine, the bottom of the first shear column 601 is fixedly connected to the top of the second shear column 602, the bottom of the second shear column 602 is fixedly connected to the top of the third shear column 603, and the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 is located above the bottom plate of the third shear column 603 and abuts against it.

[0104] The blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 is fixed to the tensile testing machine through the first shear column 601 , the second shear column 602 and the third shear column 603 , and a tensile shear test is performed to determine the shear resistance performance of the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 .

[0105] Specifically, one end of the shear hook 6 is threadedly connected to one end of the tensile testing machine, and the other end of the shear hook 6 is tightly pressed against the blade crown wear layer 701, and ensures that the other end of the shear hook 6 is near the basic fusion area of ​​the blade crown wear layer 701 and the blade crown of the blade 7.

[0106] During the test, a protective cover may be fixed on the tensile testing machine to prevent the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 from breaking off and flying out to injure people under the load. At the same time, the staff should maintain a sufficient safety distance from the tensile testing machine according to relevant test requirements.

[0107] On the basis of the above solution, the thickness of the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 is the same as the height of the third shear column 603 .

[0108] Specifically, Figure 7 As shown, the diameter of the first shear column 601 is 10 mm, the height of the first shear column 601 is 28.54 mm, the diameter of the second shear column 602 is 4 mm, the height of the second shear column 602 is 24.53 mm, the diameter of the third shear column 603 is 10 mm, and the height of the third shear column 603 is 4 mm.

[0109] Among them, Figure 8 As shown, the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 is welded on the outer side of the blade crown of the blade 7. The shape of the blade crown wear-resistant layer 701 can be set according to requirements.

[0110] Specifically, the outer surface of the first shear column 601 is an external thread, and the pitch is 12 mm.

[0111] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0112] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0113] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and specified, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0114] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0116] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for verifying the comprehensive performance of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer, characterized in that: Including melting performance test, pressure resistance test, wear resistance test, high temperature hardness test and tensile shear test: The melting performance test comprises: step 1001, surfacing a welding rod on a square plate (1) of a material different from the square plate (1), wherein the material of the welding rod is a first material; step 1002, observing the appearance of a weld on the square plate (1), and determining whether the appearance of the weld meets the weld appearance requirements; The pressure resistance performance test comprises: step 2001, preparing a pressure test block (2), welding two ends of the pressure test block (2) with a welding rod of a first material to form a first wear-resistant layer (201), the material of the first wear-resistant layer (201) being different from the material of the pressure test block (2); step 2002, performing a compressive strength test on the two ends of the pressure test block (2) according to a first preset requirement, obtaining a compressive strength value of the first wear-resistant layer (201), and judging whether the compressive strength value meets the compressive strength requirement; The wear resistance test comprises: step 3001, preparing a wear-resistant block, wherein the wear-resistant block comprises an upper wear-resistant test block (3) and a lower wear-resistant test block (4), wherein the bottom of the upper wear-resistant test block (3) is welded with a second wear-resistant layer (301) of a material different from the upper wear-resistant test block, and the material of the second wear-resistant layer (301) is a first material, and the top of the lower wear-resistant test block (4) is welded with a third wear-resistant layer (401) of a material different from the upper wear-resistant test block, and the material of the third wear-resistant layer (401) is the first material; step Step 3002, arranging the wear-resistant upper test block (3) above the wear-resistant lower test block (4), and making the second wear-resistant layer (301) abut against the third wear-resistant layer (401); Step 3003, performing a reciprocating friction and wear test on the wear-resistant upper test block (3) and the wear-resistant lower test block (4), obtaining the friction coefficient between the second wear-resistant layer (301) and the third wear-resistant layer (401), and judging whether the friction coefficient meets the friction coefficient requirement; The high temperature hardness test comprises: step 4001, preparing a high temperature hardness test block (5), the top of the high temperature hardness test block (5) being welded with a fourth wear-resistant layer (501) of a material different from the fourth wear-resistant layer (501), the material of the fourth wear-resistant layer (501) being the first material, and the bottom of the high temperature hardness test block (5) being provided with a heating hole (502); step 4002, heating the high temperature hardness test block (5) to a preset high temperature through the heating hole (502), performing a high temperature hardness test on the fourth wear-resistant layer (501) according to a second preset requirement, measuring the indentation surface area of ​​the fourth wear-resistant layer (501), obtaining the Vickers hardness value of the fourth wear-resistant layer (501), and judging whether the Vickers hardness value meets the Vickers hardness value requirement; The tensile shear test comprises: step 5001, preparing a tensile shear component, the tensile shear component comprising a blade (7) and a shear hook (6), the crown of the blade (7) being welded with a crown wear-resistant layer (701) of a material different from the crown, the crown wear-resistant layer (701) being made of a first material, the top of the shear hook (6) being fixedly connected to one end of a tensile testing machine, the bottom of the shear hook (6) being in contact with the crown wear-resistant layer (701), and the tenon of the blade (7) being fixedly connected to the other end of the tensile testing machine; step 5002, performing a tensile shear test on the crown wear-resistant layer (701), obtaining a maximum shear force value of the crown wear-resistant layer (701), and judging whether the maximum shear force value meets the maximum shear force value requirement.

2. A comprehensive performance verification method for a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the pressure resistance performance test, the pressure resistance test block (2) is cylindrical, the diameter of the pressure resistance test block (2) is 10 mm, the height of the pressure resistance test block (2) is 17 mm, the cross-section of the first wear-resistant layer (201) is circular, the diameter of the first wear-resistant layer (201) is 10 mm, and the thickness of the first wear-resistant layer (201) is 4 mm.

3. The comprehensive performance verification method of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the pressure resistance test, the compressive strength value is calculated by the following formula: P=F / S; wherein P represents the compressive strength, F represents the minimum force to which the first wear-resistant layer (201) is subjected when yielding, and S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the first wear-resistant layer (201).

4. The comprehensive performance verification method of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant upper test block (3) is cylindrical, the diameter of the wear-resistant upper test block (3) is 4.8 mm, the height of the wear-resistant upper test block (3) is 5.5 mm, the second wear-resistant layer (301) comprises a spherical wear-resistant layer (302) and a columnar wear-resistant layer (303), the top of the spherical wear-resistant layer (302) is arc-shaped, the bottom of the spherical wear-resistant layer (302) is fixedly connected to the top of the columnar wear-resistant layer (303), the bottom of the columnar wear-resistant layer (303) is fixedly connected to the wear-resistant upper test block (3), the diameter of the second wear-resistant layer (301) is 4.8 mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer (301) is 3.5 mm.

5. The comprehensive performance verification method of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the wear resistance test, the wear-resistant lower test block (4) is cylindrical, the diameter of the wear-resistant lower test block (4) is 12 mm, the height of the wear-resistant lower test block (4) is 1 mm, the third wear-resistant layer (401) is circular, the diameter of the third wear-resistant layer (401) is 12 mm, and the thickness of the third wear-resistant layer (401) is 2 mm.

6. A comprehensive performance verification method for a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the wear resistance test, the friction coefficient is calculated by the following formula: G=(M1-M2) / A, wherein G represents the friction coefficient, M1 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer (301) and the third wear-resistant layer (401) before wear, M2 represents the sum of the weights of the second wear-resistant layer (301) and the third wear-resistant layer (401) after wear, and A represents the sum of the worn areas of the second wear-resistant layer (301) and the third wear-resistant layer (401).

7. A comprehensive performance verification method for a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the high temperature hardness test, the high temperature hardness test block (5) is cylindrical, the diameter of the high temperature hardness test block (5) is 10 mm, the height of the high temperature hardness test block (5) is 2 mm, the fourth wear-resistant layer (501) is circular, the diameter of the fourth wear-resistant layer (501) is 10 mm, the thickness of the fourth wear-resistant layer (501) is 3 mm, the aperture of the heating hole (502) is 2 mm, and the hole depth of the heating hole (502) is 2 mm.

8. The comprehensive performance verification method of a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the high temperature hardness test, the Vickers hardness value is calculated by the following formula: HV=F / S, wherein HV represents the Vickers hardness value, F represents the load, and S represents the indentation surface area.

9. A comprehensive performance verification method for a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the tensile shear test, the shear hook (6) includes a first shear column (601), a second shear column (602) and a third shear column (603), the top of the first shear column (601) is fixedly connected to one end of the tensile testing machine, the bottom of the first shear column (601) is fixedly connected to the top of the second shear column (602), the bottom of the second shear column (602) is fixedly connected to the top of the third shear column (603), and the blade crown wear-resistant layer (701) is located above the bottom plate of the third shear column (603) and abuts against it.

10. A comprehensive performance verification method for a turbine blade wear-resistant layer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the blade crown wear-resistant layer (701) is the same as the height of the third shear column (603).

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