Hail suppression auxiliary inspection device of hail spectrometer

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of meteorological observation, in particular to a hail-reduction auxiliary inspection device for a hail spectrometer, and the device comprises a hail inspection bag, a protective windproof shade, a hail inspection device, and the hail spectrometer. The hail detection bag is connected with the hail spectrometer; the hail testing bag is fixed with a preset bag rod limiting clamping bamboo shoot in the hail testing device through a preset knuckle bearing, and the hail testing device is arranged in the protection type windproof shade; the hail detection bag is used for filtering and separating rainwater and hail; the hail tester is used for assisting in testing hail characters. It can be understood that the technical scheme provided by the invention can effectively distinguish impact of large water drops and small-scale hail and judge hail characters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of meteorological observation, and in particular to a hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary detection device. Background Art

[0002] The hail spectrometer currently in use is a meteorological observation device that records the size characteristics of hail and the frequency of hail. It records and distinguishes hail of different diameters by distinguishing the sound characteristics of hail of different sizes hitting the flat surface of the hail measuring plate. It can record hail with a diameter of 5 to 75 mm or more.

[0003] There are several problems in actual use:

[0004] 1. It is impossible to effectively distinguish between the impact of large water droplets and small-scale hail. In southern my country, especially in coastal areas, under severe convective weather conditions, the diameter of raindrops is relatively large (more than 5 mm). The sound characteristics of the impact on the hail measuring plate are very similar to the sound characteristics of small-diameter hail, especially small-diameter soft hail (graupel hail). It is difficult for the instrument to distinguish them only by sound, which brings inaccurate factors to the measurement of hail diameter and hail observation.

[0005] 2. It is impossible to determine the properties of hail. It is impossible to effectively distinguish the properties of hail embryos [frozen drop embryos or graupel embryos. For frozen drop embryo hail, the rain-forming stage in the formation of hail is a liquid phase process, that is, raindrops are formed first, and then the physical size is formed, and then they are quickly formed through phase change (freezing). Frozen drop embryos are solid, and their shape is difficult to change during the growth of hail; graupel embryo hail shows that the rain-forming stage in the formation of hail is an ice phase process, that is, snow is formed first and then frost-covered into graupel. The core of the hail is loose ice. During the growth of hail, because it sometimes grows wet and sometimes grows dry, water can easily invade, and then its properties are changed through freezing].

[0006] That is, the hail spectrometers currently in use cannot effectively distinguish between the impact of large water droplets and small-scale hail in actual use, and cannot determine the characteristics of hail. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hail spectrometer hail auxiliary inspection device to solve the problem that the hail spectrometer currently used in the prior art cannot effectively distinguish between the impact of large water droplets and small-scale hail during actual use, and cannot determine the characteristics of hail.

[0008] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary inspection device, comprising:

[0009] A hail detector pocket, a protective windproof cover, a hail detector, and a hail spectrometer; the hail detector pocket is connected to the hail spectrometer; the hail detector pocket is fixed with a preset spherical bearing and a pocket rod limiter in the hail detector, and the hail detector is arranged inside the protective windproof cover;

[0010] The hail detection bag is used to filter and separate rainwater and hail;

[0011] The hail detector is used for assisting in detecting hail properties.

[0012] Furthermore, the hail test bag comprises:

[0013] Pocket handle, handle cover, net frame, bird-proof spikes, net bag, lock buckle, temperature-measuring counterweight rod;

[0014] The net frame is made of a stainless steel or aluminum frame ring, the inner area of ​​the net frame ring is consistent with the hail receiving plane of the hail spectrometer, and a fixing hole is reserved in the center of the ring for fixing the net bag;

[0015] The bird-proof thorns are a crown-shaped structure with elastic needle-like protrusions on it, the density interval of the elastic needle-like protrusions is controlled between 3 and 5 cm, and the length of the elastic needle-like protrusions ranges from 3 to 7 cm; the bird-proof thorns are made of soft rubber material, including: silicone or rubber material; the bird-proof thorns are combined with the mesh frame by gluing or slotting;

[0016] The net bag has three layers, including: an inner net bag, a middle net bag, and an outer net bag;

[0017] The upper end of the temperature measuring counterweight rod is provided with a hinged bolt ring for being hinged with the handle sleeve, the middle rod body is hollowed out for placing the PCB circuit board and the sealing device, the lower end is provided with a counterweight block, the middle of the counterweight block is provided with a perforation for anchoring the inner and outer net lock buckles, and the temperature measuring counterweight rod is sewn in the middle net bag;

[0018] The handle and the handle sleeve are threadedly connected, and a joint bearing is installed in the middle of the handle rod;

[0019] The front end of the handle sleeve is closed, and a wiring hole is left in the middle to facilitate the entry and exit of the line of the temperature measuring counterweight rod. A hinged bolt fixing ear is left next to the wiring hole. The double-ear fixing is used to leave a margin in the middle to facilitate the up and down flipping of the temperature measuring counterweight rod;

[0020] The rear end of the handle sleeve is open, and the edge is in the shape of an arc, and the arc edge is the intersection of a circle with the center point of the handle sleeve as the center and an inscribed chord of a circle in the radial direction of the handle sleeve.

[0021] Furthermore, the net bag comprises:

[0022] The inner net bag and the outer net bag are connected by a connecting buckle, and the buckle passes through the middle net bag and is connected to one end of the temperature measuring counterweight rod; the inner net bag and the outer net bag are made of nylon net with a mesh number of 7 to 10. In the natural state, the depth of the inner net bag is less than that of the middle net bag, and the depth of the middle net bag is less than that of the outer net bag;

[0023] The middle-layer net bag is made of a nylon net with a mesh number of 3 to 5, and the depth of the middle-layer net bag is smaller than the diameter of the net frame.

[0024] Furthermore, the temperature measuring counterweight rod comprises:

[0025] The hollowed-out portion of the middle rod body of the temperature measuring counterweight rod is sequentially provided with a triaxial accelerometer, a heating component, a temperature sensor, and a heat-conducting insulating layer; wherein the temperature sensor and the heating component are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the PCB circuit board, and the heat-conducting insulating layer is located outside the PCB circuit board; the heat-conducting insulating layer is used to fit the PCB circuit board and the temperature measuring counterweight rod;

[0026] Among them, the power data line of the temperature measuring counterweight rod passes through the wiring hole of the handle rod and is connected to the PCB circuit board on the temperature measuring counterweight rod.

[0027] Furthermore, the hail detector includes: a support rod, a data power line tube, a joint bearing, a handle rod, a hail detector housing, a weighing and hail detector control circuit board (main circuit board), a weighing sensor, a U-shaped fastening screw, a data connection line, a reduction motor, and a counterweight;

[0028] The housing adopts a symmetrical design, with two pieces buckled together and fixed by U-shaped fastening screws;

[0029] The joint bearing is connected to the handle rod;

[0030] The handle rod is used to pass the data line in the temperature measuring counterweight rod through the positioning screw hole of the handle sleeve at the end of the handle rod in the hail detector, and connect to the weighing and hail detector control circuit board through the round hole on the structure of the support rod;

[0031] The data power line tube is used to transmit the data line and power line on the weighing and hail detector control circuit board out of the hail detector, and is connected to the main control box of the hail spectrometer through wiring;

[0032] The reduction motor is connected to the weighing and hail detector control circuit board through a wire; the weighing sensor is tangent to the handle sleeve flange, and the handle sleeve flange is slightly smaller than the internal width of the hail detector shell, with a gap of about 1mm on both sides; the counterweight block is located inside the hail detector.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes: a beveled guide platform is provided on the outer shell of the spherical bearing to facilitate the drainage of rainwater;

[0034] Four notches are respectively left at both ends of the beveled guide platform fixing surface, and a semicircular protrusion with a notch in the middle is designed in the middle to adjust the pitch angle when fixing.

[0035] Furthermore, a symmetrical light-transmitting hole is opened on the handle rod above the weighing and hail detector control circuit board, which passes through the handle rod. The internal data connection line is equipped with two LED lamp beads in parallel at this position. The light of the LED lamp beads can be emitted through the small holes on the handle rod. A photoresistor sensor is provided at the corresponding position of the main circuit board, which serves to limit the rotation of the handle rod.

[0036] Furthermore, the hail detector further comprises:

[0037] The MCU controller is located inside the hail detector housing.

[0038] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention may have the following beneficial effects:

[0039] It is understandable that the technical solution provided by the present invention includes: a hail detection pocket, a protective windproof shield, a hail detector, and a hail spectrometer; the hail detection pocket is connected to the hail spectrometer; the hail detection pocket is fixed with a preset pocket rod limiter in the hail detector by a preset joint bearing, and the hail detector is arranged inside the protective windproof shield; the hail detection pocket is used to filter and separate rainwater and hail; the hail detector is used to assist in detecting the properties of hail. It is understandable that the technical solution provided by the present invention can effectively distinguish the impact of large water droplets and small-scale hail, and determine the properties of hail.

[0040] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary inspection device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a hail detector in a hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary detection device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a net bag of a hail detector in a hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary detection device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a temperature measuring counterweight rod in a hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary inspection device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram showing the connection form of a bag handle, a handle sleeve, and a bag handle in a hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary inspection device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a handle sleeve in a hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary inspection device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0048] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a hail detector in a hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary detection device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0049] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship of the main structure of a hail detector in a hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary detection device according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a hail spectrometer 40 hail auxiliary inspection device according to an exemplary embodiment, wherein the device comprises:

[0053] A hail detector hood 10, a protective windproof cover 30, a hail detector 20, and a hail spectrometer 40; the hail detector hood 10 is connected to the hail spectrometer 40; the hail detector hood 10 is fixed to a hood rod limiter in the hail detector 20 by a preset joint bearing, and the hail detector 20 is arranged inside the protective windproof cover 30;

[0054] The hail detection bag 10 is used to filter and separate rainwater and hail;

[0055] The hail detector 20 is used to assist in detecting the properties of hail.

[0056] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The hail test bag 10 comprises:

[0057] Pocket handle, handle cover, net frame, bird-proof spikes, net bag, lock buckle, temperature-measuring counterweight rod;

[0058] The net frame is made of a stainless steel or aluminum frame ring, the inner area of ​​the net frame ring is consistent with the hail receiving plane of the hail spectrometer 40, and a fixing hole is reserved in the center of the ring for fixing the net bag;

[0059] The bird-proof spike is a crown-shaped structure with elastic needle-like protrusions on it, which is mainly used to prevent birds and small animals, especially rodents, from squatting on the net bag and causing detection abnormalities. Preferably, the length of the needle-shaped protrusion mainly depends on the length of the tibia of the thigh of local birds or rodents, and the length range of the elastic needle-like protrusion is generally between 3 and 7 cm; the density interval of the elastic needle-like protrusion is controlled between 3 and 5 cm, so that it can prevent animals from gathering and at the same time not hinder the net bag from collecting hail; the bird-proof spike is made of soft rubber material, including: silica gel or rubber material; the bird-proof spike is combined with the net frame by gluing or slotting;

[0060] The net bag has three layers, including: an inner net bag, a middle net bag, and an outer net bag;

[0061] For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 3 There are three layers of the net bag, which are made of different materials. The inner and outer layers of the net bag are made of the same material and size. They are made of nylon mesh with 7 to 10 meshes (mesh width is about 3mm), which is elastic, has poor thermal conductivity and good weather resistance. In the natural state, the depth of the net bag is smaller than that of the middle layer of the net bag. The two layers of the net bag are connected together by a connecting buckle, and the buckle passes through the middle layer of the net bag and one end of the temperature measuring counterweight rod. Under the influence of the counterweight tension, a certain pre-tension is maintained, so that the hailstones falling directly into the net bag have a certain buffer and will not break immediately. At the same time, the rebound force is not enough to make the hailstones bounce out of the bag.

[0062] Preferably, the mesh size of the net bag should not be too large so that the hail will not break or leak out when it falls.

[0063] It cannot be too small, either, otherwise the precipitation raindrops falling into the net bag cannot be discharged quickly and normally, and the water flowing out of the net bag will affect the measurement. The middle-layer net bag is made of a soft, inelastic (non-extensible) nylon net with a mesh size of 3 to 5 (mesh width of about 5 to 8 mm), good weather resistance and poor thermal conductivity.

[0064] Preferably, the depth of the net bag is smaller than the diameter of the net frame. The rigid grid is selected to enable the hail to maintain a certain overall aggregate shape in the net bag, so as to facilitate the calculation of volume and the statistics of hail density within a certain period of time. The 5-mesh grid size can effectively omit fine sand and other debris, quickly divert and drain liquid precipitation, so as not to cause liquid precipitation to gather in the net bag and affect the measurement accuracy and judgment effect. At the same time, the temperature measurement counterweight rod is also sewn in the middle net bag, so that it can drive the net bag to flip together under the action of gravity; the shape of the inner and outer net bags is affected by the counterweight and elasticity of the net bag lock.

[0065] The upper end of the temperature measuring counterweight rod is provided with a hinged bolt ring for being hinged with the handle sleeve, the middle rod body is hollowed out for placing the PCB circuit board and the sealing device, the lower end is provided with a counterweight block, the middle of the counterweight block is provided with a perforation for anchoring the inner and outer net lock buckles, and the temperature measuring counterweight rod is sewn in the middle net bag;

[0066] The handle and the handle sleeve are threadedly connected, and a joint bearing is installed in the middle of the handle rod;

[0067] The front end of the handle sleeve is closed, and a wiring hole is left in the middle to facilitate the entry and exit of the line of the temperature measuring counterweight rod. A hinged bolt fixing ear is left next to the wiring hole. The double-ear fixing is used to leave a margin in the middle to facilitate the up and down flipping of the temperature measuring counterweight rod;

[0068] The rear end of the handle sleeve is open, and the edge is in the shape of an arc, and the arc edge is the intersection of a circle with the center point of the handle sleeve as the center and an inscribed chord of a circle in the radial direction of the handle sleeve.

[0069] In specific implementation, the temperature measuring counterweight rod is a metal product, generally made of stainless steel with good corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity, and durability. There is a hinged bolt ring at the upper end for hinged connection with the handle sleeve. The middle rod body is hollowed out to place the temperature measuring circuit board and sealing device. There is a counterweight block at the lower end. There is a perforation in the middle of the counterweight block for anchoring the inner and outer net locks.

[0070] The temperature measuring counterweight rod is a metal product, generally made of stainless steel with good corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity, and durability. There is a hinged bolt ring at the upper end for hinged connection with the handle sleeve. The middle part of the rod body is hollowed out to place the temperature measuring circuit board and the sealing device. The lower end is equipped with a counterweight block. There is a perforated hole in the middle of the counterweight block to anchor the inner and outer net lock buckles. The length L (mm) of the temperature measuring counterweight rod is calculated according to the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] The above formula is used to obtain the length of the temperature measuring counterweight rod to ensure that the temperature measuring counterweight rod can be turned over in the net bag and can also drive the three layers of net to turn over at the same time.

[0073] Furthermore, the weight design is mainly based on the elastic tension and overturning moment of the net bag. Its weight m (g) is calculated by the following formula, where mn is the complete flipping force (folding hardness) of the three-layer net [a certain mass of weight is hung in the middle of the net bag, and the weight is released. The mass of the three-layer net bag that can be completely flipped is m n ], the width and thickness of the cross-section of the temperature measuring counterweight rod are limited by the conical surface of the net bag, and thus the width (S) and thickness (ht) of the counterweight part are also limited. S and h t Should not exceed 50% of d1, and S should not be less than 12mm, h t Not less than 4mm (determined by the size of the components on the PCB), m cannot be too light to turn over; nor can it be too heavy to make the net bag too heavy, add m x After the lever arm (lever action of the handle) exceeds the range of the weighing sensor, affecting the overall balance (not exceeding m x The size of the counterweight is then constrained by the following formula:

[0074]

[0075] Counterweight size and mass constraints:

[0076]

[0077] Specifically, the preferred arrangement of temperature sensors is not equal depth or equal volume. The former is not sensitive to volume measurement, especially when the hail volume is small, the change in volume is not obvious in height; the latter is more closely arranged when the hail volume is large, but in a weak hail environment with a relatively high frequency of hail, the effective use of sensors is relatively small.

[0078] Therefore, please refer to Figure 4 The arrangement of temperature sensors on the temperature measuring counterweight rod is carried out according to the statistical analysis results of the hailfall amount. The sensors with high frequency are converted into volume and arranged. According to statistics, the hailfall in the adapted area is generally small in magnitude, so the sensors are relatively dense at low depths, and the closer to the net bag mouth, the sparser (the frequency of occurrence is low when the hailfall amount is large). The specific interval distance is arranged according to a normal distribution. After about 95% of the hailfall amount is converted into the volume of the net bag, the horizontal height is near the 5th sensor from bottom to top. The temperature measuring element and the heating circuit are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the PCB board; there is a heat-conducting insulation layer sleeve on the outside of the PCB board to combine the PCB and the temperature measuring counterweight rod together, and the measuring circuit line is led out from the top, and enters the handle rod from the wiring hole of the handle sleeve through the hinged part. Preferably, a three-axis accelerometer is arranged on the PCB to sense the direction of gravity and judge the state of the net bag and the temperature measuring counterweight rod.

[0079] In the specific implementation, the lock buckle and the upper and lower rings connect the inner and outer net bottoms and penetrate the middle layer of the net bottom, so that the three layers of the net bottom are connected into an organism, but not completely close together. A certain gap is left between each layer. The purpose of connecting together is to be able to be connected together when flipped. The lock buckle connection has a certain elasticity and flexibility to prevent the inner and outer nets from being pulled too tight, thereby shortening the service life of the inner and outer nets. At the same time, it has a certain wear resistance and is not easy to be worn off after multiple flips. It is made of nylon material with good wear resistance and weather resistance.

[0080] For details, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 The handle and the handle sleeve are combined together by screws. The inside of the handle is hollow for wiring. The handle sleeves are installed at both ends of the handle rod. The middle of the handle rod is equipped with joint bearings, which play a supporting and fulcrum role and are connected to the shell of the hail detector 20. The front end of the handle sleeve is closed, and a wiring hole is left in the middle to facilitate the entry and exit of the line of the temperature measurement counterweight rod. A hinged bolt fixing ear (hole) is left next to the wiring hole. It is fixed with two ears. There is a margin in the middle to facilitate the up and down flipping of the temperature measurement counterweight rod. The rear end of the handle sleeve is open, and the edge is in an arc shape. Preferably, the arc edge is the intersection of the center circle with the center point of the handle sleeve as the center point and the inner tangent chord of the handle sleeve radial direction circle. In this way, when the handle sleeve assumes the function of the weight measurement contact point, no matter what angle the handle rod is in the range, the fulcrum is always kept pointing to the center of the handle, and the length of the measuring force arm is kept unchanged. Specifically, the force arm fulcrum uses a joint bearing, so that it (the handle rod) can be flipped and can be fixed by screws in a certain angle of motion, and fixed to the hail detector 20 by a limit clamp.

[0081] For further information, see Figure 7 The hail detector 20 includes: a support rod, a data power line tube, a joint bearing, a handle rod, a hail detector 20 shell, a weighing and hail detector 20 control circuit board (main circuit board), a weighing sensor, a U-shaped fastening screw, a data connection line, a reduction motor, and a counterweight;

[0082] The housing adopts a symmetrical design, with two pieces buckled together and fixed by U-shaped fastening screws;

[0083] The joint bearing is connected to the handle rod;

[0084] The handle rod is used to pass the data line in the temperature measuring counterweight rod through the positioning screw hole of the handle sleeve at the end of the handle rod in the hail detector 20, and connect to the weighing and hail detector 20 control circuit board through the round hole on the structure of the support rod;

[0085] The data power line tube is used to transmit the data line and power line on the control circuit board of the weighing and hail detector 20 out of the hail detector 20, and is connected to the main control box of the hail spectrometer 40 through wiring;

[0086] The reduction motor is connected to the control circuit board of the weighing and hail detector 20 through a wire; the weighing sensor is tangent to the flange of the handle sleeve, and the flange of the handle sleeve is slightly smaller than the internal width of the shell of the hail detector 20, with a gap of about 1mm on both sides; the counterweight block is located inside the hail detector 20.

[0087] In one embodiment, the housing adopts a symmetrical design, with two pieces buckled together and fixed with screws. Preferably, a beveled guide platform is made on the housing outside the joint bearing to facilitate rainwater discharge. Four notches are left at both ends of the fixing surface to facilitate fixing with screws or straps of different sizes. A semicircular protrusion with a notch in the middle is designed in the middle to facilitate adjustment of the pitch angle when fixing. Due to the limitations of installation conditions, the bracket may not be completely parallel to the ground, so a protrusion is provided in the middle of the installation plane to facilitate adjustment of the level of the hail detector 20 during installation. The middle notch is mainly used to facilitate the fixing of the circular support rod.

[0088] For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 8 The data line in the temperature measuring counterweight rod passes through the positioning screw hole of the handle sleeve at the end of the handle rod in the hail detector 20, passes through the round hole on the weighing bracket structure, and is connected to the data line and power line on the main circuit board. It is transmitted out of the hail detector 20 through the data power line tube and is connected to the weighing bracket through the wiring.

[0089] The hail spectrometer 40 is connected to the main control box.

[0090] Preferably, a symmetrical light-transmitting hole is opened above the main circuit board of the handle rod, passing through the handle rod, and two LED lamp beads are installed in parallel at this position on the internal data connection line. The light of the LED lamp beads can be emitted through the small holes on the handle rod. A photoresistor sensor is provided at the corresponding position of the main circuit board to serve as a limit when the handle rod rotates.

[0091] In specific implementation, the reduction motor is connected to the main control circuit board through wires to obtain the electric energy required for rotation, and the torque is increased to hundreds of times through the reduction gear box to drive the rotating handle to rotate. The rotating handle is an incomplete cylinder, which just fits the hinge center of the handle sleeve, but is not completely close, leaving room. The rotating handle can drive the handle sleeve to rotate without affecting their respective activities. In the vertical directions of both sides, they are still independent moving bodies.

[0092] Specifically, under normal circumstances, the flange of the handle sleeve is tangent to the weighing sensor, the net bag sinks due to gravity, and the flange of the handle sleeve inside the hail detector 20 has an upward pressure on the weighing sensor, which will have an initial reading; at the same time, the flange of the handle sleeve is slightly smaller than the internal width of the outer shell of the hail detector 20, and the gap on both sides is about 1mm, so that the handle rod and a series of acting mechanisms such as the handle rod can only move up and down but not left and right. Driven by the reduction motor, the handle sleeve drives the handle rod and the external hail detector bag 10 and other components to rotate together.

[0093] Furthermore, a counterweight is installed in the hail detector 20, which mainly plays a role of stabilization and balance, increases the overall rotational torque of the hail detector 20, lowers the overall center of gravity of the hail detector 20, reduces the swinging effect of the external environmental wind on the hail detector 20, and also can balance part of the upward pressure of the weighing sensor. The counterweight is made of metal with high density. In addition to balancing the torque, it also plays a role in limiting the reduction motor, which is equivalent to the lower support structure of the reduction motor.

[0094] The hail detector 20 also includes:

[0095] MCU controller, the MCU controller is located inside the shell of the hail detector 20.

[0096] In the specific implementation, after the device is installed and fixed, it is powered on and self-checked to test whether all sensors are working properly. After completion, the three-axis accelerometer starts measuring with a sampling frequency of 10Hz to determine the value of the accelerometer in the z direction, that is, the direction of gravity. The MCU drives the reduction motor to swing slowly left and right in the horizontal direction to find the maximum value in the Z direction. At the same time, the angle between the horizontal plane of the net bag and the ground (horizontal plane) is calculated and determined. During the leveling process of the reduction motor, the LED continues to light up. When the maximum value is determined in the Z direction, the resistance value of the photoresistor is recorded at this time, and the position at this time is recorded as the initial position.

[0097] During this process, the weighing sensor continuously measures, and the data recording frequency is 1Hz. After the horizontal position is found, the measurement is continued for one minute, and the average value is calculated. This average value is recorded as the weighing sensor data as the initial weight m0.

[0098] The time counter returns to zero and starts counting.

[0099] When no hail is observed, the net bag is flipped once a day (12 hours) to clean up the debris inside. When flipping, the MCU first makes a judgment. According to the measured accelerator z value, it determines the state of the net bag at this time, and then decides the direction of rotation of the reduction motor to avoid the entanglement of the wires. After flipping, the sign of the accelerometer Z value is relative, that is, it was originally a positive value, but it becomes a negative value after flipping. Then continue to rotate to find the maximum value (the absolute maximum value of the measured value), and rotate slowly left and right at all times to finally determine the maximum value, that is, continue to level the horizontal position after flipping.

[0100] The combination of the photoresistor and the LED light can be mainly used to measure and judge the relative angle between the handle and the PCB, that is, the shell of the hail detector 20, to prevent the three-axis accelerometer from measuring values ​​outside the threshold range during the leveling process, resulting in excessive rotation of the handle and breaking the data cable.

[0101] Preferably, the advantages of using a reduction motor over a stepper motor or other encodeable motor are: 1. It is cheaper and reduces costs; 2. It can be controlled more accurately according to actual conditions; 3. It is simple to install, use and maintain.

[0102] Re-measure and record m0 after each flip, because foreign matter may enter the net bag during the work of the day, and it may not be completely removed after flipping, so m0 should be re-recorded after flipping; after flipping, decide how to record m0 based on the measured temperature. If the measured temperature is greater than 0℃, record it directly according to the calculation method of m0. If the measured temperature is less than 0℃, consider the situation of rain and ice. At this time, turn on the heating device to maintain the temperature at 10℃ and continue heating for 20 minutes. The weight to be measured is m≤m 0+ 1.1 m w When m≥m t ,(m t is the weight value obtained by the first measurement after flipping. If heating continues, m is still equal to M. t , indicating that the contents of the net bag are insoluble solids such as bird droppings and tree branches, etc.) Stop heating and record m0 at this time.

[0103] During the standby process, all measuring components remain in working condition. The weighing sensor, thermometers and three-axis accelerometer maintain a sampling frequency of one number per second, that is, one Hz.

[0104] When the measured weight changes, the temperature comparison is turned on and the temperature values ​​and sensor data are recorded. When the measured weight exceeds (m0+m x ),(m x is the equivalent maximum measurement weight (volume), and its calculation formula is: Here the values ​​are: d = 20 cm, ρ = 1 g / cm 3 , h = 16cm, m x =1675g) will automatically turn over. If the weight after turning over is m>m0 and the deepest temperature measured in real time (measured by the temperature sensor closest to the bottom of the net bag) T<0℃, it means that there is solid water (ice, snow) attached to the net bag. At this time, the heating circuit on the temperature measuring counterweight rod is turned on for de-icing. The temperature of the heating circuit is maintained at about 10℃. When m is restored to m≤m0+1.1·mw, the heating is stopped (m w is the saturated water mass, that is, the maximum water mass of splashing water droplets (1mm in diameter) on the net bag and the handle, simulating the rainwater attached to the net bag and the handle when it rains. The coefficient 1.1 represents the comprehensive error of weighing measurement, including that caused by instruments and equipment, ambient temperature, wind drag, etc.).

[0105] Generally, the temperature of hail is not consistent with the outside temperature, and the reading of the temperature-measuring counterweight rod in the net bag will also change. You can judge whether hail has fallen into the hail net bag based on the changes in weight and temperature readings. (If it is other solid objects, such as leaves, bird droppings, etc., their temperature characteristics are not consistent with hail)

[0106] At the same time, the volume occupied by the same mass of water in the net bag can be calculated based on the changes in the weighing readings, and the height of the hail accumulation in the net bag can be determined by combining the difference in temperature readings from bottom to top of the temperature measuring rod. The hail density and particle size can be calculated through the time changes of temperature and weighing readings.

[0107] After hail falls, the outside temperature is generally higher than the hail temperature, and the hail will gradually melt in the net bag. According to the changes in the weighing curve (because weighing is continuous, there will be a time weight change curve) and the changes in the temperature reading on the temperature measuring rod (the temperature is also measured continuously, and the frequency is consistent with the weighing),

[0108] Based on the hail spectrum data of the same period measured by the hail spectrometer 40, the number of hailstones of different particle sizes can be converted, and based on the dissolution rate of ice cubes of different particle sizes at this temperature (experimental constant), the hail embryo situation can be roughly inferred (generally speaking, the frozen drop embryos of hailstones of the same volume are denser than those of graupel embryos, and melt slightly slower).

[0109] The proportion of hail of different sizes can also be calculated based on the rate of weight loss of hail in the net bag, which can verify the authenticity of the data of the hail spectrometer 40 from another aspect. If the outside temperature (ambient temperature) is lower than 0°C, the heating device on the temperature measuring rod can be turned on to heat the hail in the net bag to force it to melt, and the hail embryo situation and particle size of the hail in the net bag can be calculated through changes in temperature and weighing readings.

[0110] In specific implementation, the hail detector 20 and the hail spectrometer 40 are generally installed together, and can be connected to a common data collector, or can be used separately. The hail detector 20 has a separate data collection and transmission device.

[0111] The net frame plane of the net bag is kept parallel to the hail receiving plane of the hail spectrometer 40. When hail falls into the net bag, the weighing reading of the hail detector 20 will change, so as to determine whether there is solid matter falling into the net bag. Generally, the temperature of hail is not consistent with the outside temperature, and the reading of the temperature measuring counterweight rod in the net bag will also change. According to the changes in the weighing and temperature readings, it can be determined whether there is hail falling into the hail detection net bag (if it is other solid matter, such as leaves, bird droppings, etc., their temperature characteristics are not consistent with hail).

[0112] At the same time, the volume occupied by the same mass of water in the net bag can be calculated based on the changes in the weighing readings, and the height of the hail accumulation in the net bag can be determined by combining the difference in temperature readings from bottom to top of the temperature measuring rod. The hail density and particle size can be calculated through the time changes of temperature and weighing readings.

[0113] After hail falls, the outside temperature is generally higher than the hail temperature, and the hail will gradually melt in the net bag. According to the changes in the weighing curve (because weighing is continuous, there will be a time weight change curve) and the changes in the temperature reading on the temperature measuring rod (the temperature is also measured continuously, and the frequency is consistent with the weighing),

[0114] According to the hail spectrum data of the same period measured by the hail spectrometer 40, the number of hail of different particle sizes can be calculated. According to the dissolution rate of ice cubes of different particle sizes at this temperature (experimental constant), the hail embryo situation of the hail can be roughly inferred (generally, the mass of frozen drop embryos of hail of the same volume is denser than that of graupel embryos, and the melting rate is slightly slower).

[0115] The proportion of hail of different sizes can also be calculated based on the rate of weight loss of hail in the net bag, which can verify the authenticity of the data of the hail spectrometer 40 from another aspect.

[0116] If the outside temperature (ambient temperature) is lower than 0℃, the heating device on the temperature measuring rod can be turned on to heat the hail in the net bag, forcing it to melt. The changes in temperature and weighing readings can be used to measure the hail embryo conditions and particle size of the hail in the net bag.

[0117] In addition, snowfall (snow accumulation) can be measured by cooperating with the hail spectrometer 40. Normal snowfall falling on the hail spectrometer 40 will not cause changes in the readings of the hail spectrometer 40 (the hail spectrometer 40 distinguishes by the sound spectrum produced by the impact of hard objects, and snowflakes are light in weight and cannot trigger the readings of the hail spectrometer 40).

[0118] However, the weighing reading of the hail detector 20 will change. The snow particle size is larger than the size of the inner and outer meshes, and the snowfall will be caught in the net bag and cannot be discharged. The snowfall volume per unit time can be converted by the snowfall time, the weight of the net bag, and the change in the temperature of the temperature measuring rod at different heights. The snowfall volume per unit time can be divided by the snow measurement area (that is, the area of ​​the hail detector 20 net frame) to obtain the snowfall depth per unit time. After the measurement is completed, the hail detector 20 net bag is turned over and the temperature measuring rod heating device is used to melt the remaining snow in the net bag into water and discharge it, thereby achieving continuous measurement.

[0119] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention may have the following beneficial effects:

[0120] It is understandable that the technical solution provided by the present invention includes: a hail detection bag 10, a protective windproof shield 30, a hail detector 20, and a hail spectrometer 40; the hail detection bag 10 is connected to the hail spectrometer 40; the hail detection bag 10 is fixed with a preset bag rod limiter in the hail detector 20 by a preset joint bearing, and the hail detector 20 is arranged inside the protective windproof shield 30; the hail detection bag 10 is used to filter and separate rainwater and hail; the hail detector 20 is used to assist in the inspection of hail properties. It is understandable that the technical solution provided by the present invention can effectively distinguish the impact of large water droplets and small-scale hail, and determine the properties of hail.

[0121] In the specific implementation, the weighing principle is used to determine the precipitation type. Net bags with different mesh sizes equipped with weighing devices are installed near the hail spectrometer 40. At the same time, the rainwater and hail are filtered and separated in time through the different mesh sizes of different layers of net bags, leaving only solids for weighing. That is, the weight is weighed while the hail remains in the form of solids, so as to determine whether the precipitation is liquid or solid, which can further assist in determining whether the data recorded by the hail spectrometer 40 is accurate.

[0122] In addition, since the net bag weighs precipitation (precipitation includes solid and liquid, liquid is rain, solid is hail, snow, ice crystals, sleet, etc.) weight continuously, it is possible to determine what type of hail embryos the hail is and what proportion it accounts for through the time variation curve of the weighed weight and the number concentration of hail of different particle sizes observed by the hail spectrometer 40.

[0123] It can be understood that the same or similar parts of the above embodiments can be referenced to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can refer to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0124] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" refers to at least two.

[0125] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0126] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0127] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0128] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0129] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0130] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0131] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hail spectrometer hail auxiliary inspection device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A hail detector pocket, a protective windproof cover, a hail detector, and a hail spectrometer; the hail detector pocket is connected to the hail spectrometer; the hail detector pocket is fixed with a preset spherical bearing and a pocket rod limiter in the hail detector, and the hail detector is arranged inside the protective windproof cover; The hail detection bag is used to filter and separate rainwater and hail; The hail detector is used for assisting in detecting hail properties.

2. The hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hail test bag comprises: Pocket handle, handle cover, net frame, bird-proof spikes, net bag, lock buckle, temperature-measuring counterweight rod; The net frame is made of a stainless steel or aluminum frame ring, the inner area of ​​the net frame ring is consistent with the hail receiving plane of the hail spectrometer, and a fixing hole is reserved in the center of the ring for fixing the net bag; The bird-proof thorns are a crown-shaped structure with elastic needle-like protrusions on it, the density interval of the elastic needle-like protrusions is controlled between 3 and 5 cm, and the length of the elastic needle-like protrusions ranges from 3 to 7 cm; the bird-proof thorns are made of soft rubber material, including: silicone or rubber material; the bird-proof thorns are combined with the mesh frame by gluing or slotting; The net bag has three layers, including: an inner net bag, a middle net bag, and an outer net bag; The upper end of the temperature measuring counterweight rod is provided with a hinged bolt ring for being hinged with the handle sleeve, the middle rod body is hollowed out for placing the PCB circuit board and the sealing device, the lower end is provided with a counterweight block, the middle of the counterweight block is provided with a perforation for anchoring the inner and outer net lock buckles, and the temperature measuring counterweight rod is sewn in the middle net bag; The handle and the handle sleeve are threadedly connected, and a joint bearing is installed in the middle of the handle rod; The front end of the handle sleeve is closed, and a wiring hole is left in the middle to facilitate the entry and exit of the line of the temperature measuring counterweight rod. A hinged bolt fixing ear is left next to the wiring hole. The double-ear fixing is used to leave a margin in the middle to facilitate the up and down flipping of the temperature measuring counterweight rod; The rear end of the handle sleeve is open, and the edge is in the shape of an arc, and the arc edge is the intersection of a circle with the center point of the handle sleeve as the center and an inscribed chord of a circle in the radial direction of the handle sleeve.

3. The hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary inspection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The net bag, include: The inner net bag and the outer net bag are connected by a connecting buckle, and the buckle passes through the middle net bag and is connected to one end of the temperature measuring counterweight rod; the inner net bag and the outer net bag are made of nylon net with a mesh number of 7 to 10. In the natural state, the depth of the inner net bag is less than that of the middle net bag, and the depth of the middle net bag is less than that of the outer net bag; The middle-layer net bag is made of a nylon net with a mesh number of 3 to 5 meshes, and the depth of the middle-layer net bag is smaller than the diameter of the net frame.

4. The hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature measuring counterweight rod comprises: The hollowed-out portion of the middle rod body of the temperature measuring counterweight rod is sequentially provided with a triaxial accelerometer, a heating component, a temperature sensor, and a heat-conducting insulating layer; wherein the temperature sensor and the heating component are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the PCB circuit board, and the heat-conducting insulating layer is located outside the PCB circuit board; the heat-conducting insulating layer is used to fit the PCB circuit board and the temperature measuring counterweight rod; Among them, the power data line of the temperature measuring counterweight rod passes through the wiring hole of the handle rod and is connected to the PCB circuit board on the temperature measuring counterweight rod.

5. The hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hail detector comprises: a support rod, a data power line tube, a joint bearing, a handle rod, a hail detector housing, a weighing and hail detector control circuit board, a weighing sensor, a U-shaped fastening screw, a data connection line, a reduction motor, and a counterweight; The housing adopts a symmetrical design, with two pieces buckled together and fixed by U-shaped fastening screws; The joint bearing is connected to the handle rod; The handle rod is used to pass the data line in the temperature measuring counterweight rod through the positioning screw hole of the handle sleeve at the end of the handle rod in the hail detector, and connect to the weighing and hail detector control circuit board through the round hole on the structure of the support rod; The data power line tube is used to transmit the data line and power line on the weighing and hail detector control circuit board out of the hail detector, and is connected to the main control box of the hail spectrometer through wiring; The reduction motor is connected to the weighing and hail detector control circuit board through a wire; the weighing sensor is tangent to the handle sleeve flange, and the handle sleeve flange is slightly smaller than the internal width of the hail detector shell, with a gap of about 1mm on both sides; the counterweight block is located inside the hail detector.

6. The hail spectrum instrument hail auxiliary inspection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A beveled guide platform is made on the outer shell of the spherical plain bearing to facilitate the drainage of rainwater; Four notches are respectively left at both ends of the beveled guide platform fixing surface, and a semicircular protrusion with a notch in the middle is designed in the middle to adjust the pitch angle when fixing.

7. The hail detector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hail detector also includes: A symmetrical light-transmitting hole is opened on the handle rod above the weighing and hail detector control circuit board, which passes through the handle rod. The internal data connection line is equipped with two LED lamp beads in parallel at this position. The light of the LED lamp beads can be emitted through the small holes on the handle rod. A photoresistor sensor is provided at the corresponding position of the main circuit board to limit the rotation of the handle rod.

8. The hail detector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hail detector also includes: The MCU controller is located inside the hail detector housing.

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