Optical waveguide device, image output device, light outcoupling method and device

Abstract

The present invention provides an optical waveguide device, an image output device, a light coupling-out method and a device, wherein the device comprises: a liquid crystal layer between two transparent substrates; a first electrode layer between the liquid crystal layer and the first transparent substrate and a second electrode layer between the liquid crystal layer and the second transparent substrate forming a plurality of control electrode groups, each control electrode group being used to control one of the light-transmitting areas of the liquid crystal layer; a reflective element and a first reflective polarizer being respectively located between the two transparent substrates and the liquid crystal layer, and the first reflective polarizer being used to reflect visible light in a first polarization state. The light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal layer is controlled by the control electrode group to change the polarization state of the light, and the visible light in the first polarization state in the light is transmitted from the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide device by the reflective element and the first reflective polarizer to transmit the image to the eyes, which is not limited by size and precision, can be processed into a large-size device, and the components are easy to mass-produce, thereby reducing costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical waveguide technology, and in particular to an optical waveguide device, an image output device, and a light outcoupling method and device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of augmented reality technology, AR headsets, AR glasses, and in-vehicle AR-HUD are gradually being recognized as the next generation of computing and display platforms, and more and more manufacturers are investing a lot of resources in research and development. The key optical components of AR display devices are the optical machine that generates images and the light transmission module that transmits images to the eyes. Among them, the light transmission module is the most critical part, which directly affects the size, imaging quality, and viewing comfort of AR display devices. At present, the mainstream AR light transmission module in the industry is represented by optical waveguide devices, but optical waveguide devices are limited by precision, making it difficult to increase the size, and the cost is also high. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an optical waveguide device, an image output device, a light outcoupling method and a device, which are used to solve the problem in the prior art that the optical waveguide device is limited by precision, difficult to enlarge in size, and the cost is also high.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical waveguide device, characterized in that it includes:

[0005] A first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate arranged opposite to each other;

[0006] a liquid crystal layer, located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate;

[0007] a first electrode layer located between the liquid crystal layer and the first transparent substrate, and a second electrode layer located between the liquid crystal layer and the second transparent substrate; the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are formed into a plurality of control electrode groups, each control electrode group is used to control one of the light-transmitting areas of the liquid crystal layer;

[0008] A coupling optical element is located on a side of the first transparent substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer;

[0009] A reflective element is located on a side of the first transparent substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer, and an orthographic projection of the reflective element on a plane where the first transparent substrate is located and an orthographic projection of the coupling optical element on a plane where the first transparent substrate is located are located in different areas;

[0010] The first reflective polarizer is located on a side of the second transparent substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, and the first reflective polarizer is used for reflecting visible light in a first polarization state.

[0011] Optionally, in the optical waveguide device, the reflective element comprises a first reflective plate, and the first reflective plate is used to reflect incident visible light.

[0012] Optionally, in the optical waveguide device, the reflective element comprises a second reflective polarizer, and the second reflective polarizer is used to reflect incident visible light in a first polarization state.

[0013] Optionally, in the optical waveguide device, the reflective element comprises a third reflective polarizer, and the third reflective polarizer is used to reflect incident visible light in a second polarization state; the second polarization state is different from the first polarization state.

[0014] Optionally, in the optical waveguide device, the first electrode layer includes a plurality of first transparent electrodes arranged along a first direction, and the second electrode layer includes a plurality of second transparent electrodes arranged along a second direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; and a first number of adjacent first electrodes and a second number of adjacent second electrodes constitute a control electrode group.

[0015] Optionally, in the optical waveguide device, a first number of the first electrodes in each of the control electrode groups are connected to a first circuit, a second number of the second electrodes in each of the control electrode groups are connected to a second circuit, the first electrodes are controlled by the first circuit, and the second electrodes are controlled by the second circuit, so that the voltage of the control electrode group changes gradiently along the first direction and / or the second direction.

[0016] Optionally, in the optical waveguide device, the first electrode layer further comprises a first insulating layer, wherein the plurality of first transparent electrodes are arranged on opposite sides of the first insulating layer.

[0017] Optionally, in the optical waveguide device, the second electrode layer further comprises a second insulating layer, wherein a plurality of the second transparent electrodes are arranged on opposite sides of the second insulating layer.

[0018] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an image output device, wherein the device comprises the optical waveguide device as described above.

[0019] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0020] An image display unit is located on a side of the coupling-in optical element away from the first transparent substrate, wherein a plurality of output light rays of the image output by the image display unit are coupled out through an optical waveguide device to form outcoupled light rays, and the outcoupled light rays form an outcoupled image, wherein the output light rays include one of the following:

[0021] Visible light in a first polarization state;

[0022] Visible light of a second polarization state.

[0023] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a light outcoupling method of an optical waveguide device, wherein the method is applied to the optical waveguide device as described above, and comprises:

[0024] In the case where the coupling optical element outputs visible light of the first polarization state toward the first transparent substrate, inputting control voltages to the plurality of control electrode groups respectively;

[0025] Wherein, the plurality of light-transmitting regions corresponding to the plurality of control electrode groups are arranged in sequence along the first direction.

[0026] Optionally, the method, wherein the control voltage is inputted to each of the plurality of control electrode groups, comprises:

[0027] Inputting a first control voltage to the first control electrode group, and inputting a gradient-changing voltage to a plurality of second control electrode groups other than the first control electrode group;

[0028] Wherein, the first control electrode group coincides with the orthographic projection of the coupling optical element on the second transparent substrate;

[0029] The voltage of the second control electrode group changes gradually along a first direction and / or a second direction starting from being away from the first control electrode group; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0030] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0031] In the case where the coupling optical element outputs visible light of the second polarization state toward the first transparent substrate, inputting control voltages to the plurality of control electrode groups respectively;

[0032] Wherein, the plurality of light-transmitting regions corresponding to the plurality of control electrode groups are arranged in sequence along the first direction;

[0033] The second polarization state is different from the first polarization state.

[0034] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a light outcoupling device for an optical waveguide device, wherein the device is applied to the optical waveguide device as described above, and comprises:

[0035] A first input module, used for inputting a first control voltage to the first control electrode group, and inputting a gradient-changing voltage to a plurality of second control electrode groups other than the first control electrode group;

[0036] Wherein, the first control electrode group coincides with the orthographic projection of the coupling optical element on the second transparent substrate;

[0037] The voltage of the second control electrode group changes gradually along a first direction and / or a second direction starting from being away from the first control electrode group; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] In the above scheme, the light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal layer is controlled by controlling the electrode group to change the polarization state of the light, and the visible light in the first polarization state in the light is transmitted from the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide device through the reflective element and the first reflective polarizer to transmit the image to the eye. It is not limited by size and precision, can be processed into large-size devices, and the components are easy to mass-produce, reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is one of the schematic diagrams of the optical waveguide device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first transparent substrate of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a second transparent substrate of the optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 The second schematic diagram of the optical waveguide device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 The third schematic diagram of the optical waveguide device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 FIG4 is a fourth schematic diagram of the optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 FIG5 is a fifth schematic diagram of the optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 The sixth schematic diagram of the optical waveguide device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a light outcoupling method of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a light outcoupling device of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Explanation of symbols:

[0051] 100-image display unit; 200-coupling optical element; 301-first transparent substrate; 302-second transparent substrate; 303-reflective element; 304-first reflective polarizer; 305-liquid crystal layer; 306-first electrode layer; 307-second electrode layer; 308-first insulating layer; 309-second insulating layer; 400-first control electrode group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] The present invention aims to solve the problem that optical waveguide devices in the prior art are limited in precision, difficult to enlarge in size, and have high costs, and provide an optical waveguide device, an image output device, and a light outcoupling method and device.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical waveguide device, which includes:

[0055] A first transparent substrate 301 and a second transparent substrate 302 arranged opposite to each other;

[0056] A liquid crystal layer 305 is located between the first transparent substrate 301 and the second transparent substrate 302;

[0057] a first electrode layer 306 located between the liquid crystal layer 305 and the first transparent substrate 301, and a second electrode layer 307 located between the liquid crystal layer 305 and the second transparent substrate 302; the first electrode layer 306 and the second electrode layer 307 are formed into a plurality of control electrode groups, each control electrode group being used to control one of the light-transmitting areas of the liquid crystal layer 305;

[0058] The coupling optical element 200 is located on a side of the first transparent substrate 301 away from the liquid crystal layer 305;

[0059] The reflective element 303 is located on a side of the first transparent substrate 301 away from the liquid crystal layer 305, and the orthographic projection of the reflective element 303 on the plane where the first transparent substrate 301 is located and the orthographic projection of the coupling optical element 200 on the plane where the first transparent substrate 301 is located are located in different areas;

[0060] The first reflective polarizer 304 is located on a side of the second transparent substrate 302 away from the liquid crystal layer 305 . The first reflective polarizer 304 is used for reflecting visible light in a first polarization state.

[0061] In this embodiment, the light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal layer 305 is controlled by the control electrode group to change the polarization state of the light, and the visible light in the first polarization state in the light is transmitted from the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide device through the reflective element 303 and the first reflective polarizer 304 to transmit the image to the eye. It is not limited by size and precision, can be processed into large-size devices, and the components are easy to mass-produce, reducing costs.

[0062] With respect to the first implementation manner of the reflective element 303, optionally, in the optical waveguide device, the reflective element 303 includes a first reflective sheet, and the first reflective sheet is used to reflect incident visible light.

[0063] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 4 The reflective element 303 in the optical waveguide device shown is a total reflection plate, which is used to reflect incident visible light.

[0064] With respect to the second implementation of the reflective element 303, optionally, in the optical waveguide device, the reflective element 303 comprises a second reflective polarizer, and the second reflective polarizer is used to reflect incident visible light in a first polarization state.

[0065] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 and Figure 6 The reflective element 303 and the first reflective polarizer 304 in the optical waveguide device shown are made of the same material and have the same light transmission axis direction. They are both used to reflect incident visible light in a first polarization state. The purpose of using the second reflective polarizer is to allow natural light from the outside world to enter the human eye through the upper and lower polarizers, thereby realizing the function of integrating virtual images with the real world.

[0066] For the third implementation of the reflective element 303, optionally, the optical waveguide device, wherein the reflective element 303 includes a third reflective polarizer, and the third reflective polarizer is used to reflect incident visible light in a second polarization state; the second polarization state is different from the first polarization state.

[0067] In this embodiment, if Figure 7 and Figure 8The reflective element 303 and the first reflective polarizer 304 in the optical waveguide device shown are both orthogonal type polarizers with their transmission axes set in opposite directions. The external light is natural light, and the natural light can enter the human eye through the upper and lower polarizers, thereby realizing the function of integrating virtual images with the real world.

[0068] For the first implementation of the first electrode layer 306 and the second electrode layer 307, optionally, the optical waveguide device, wherein the first electrode layer 306 includes a plurality of first transparent electrodes arranged along a first direction, and the second electrode layer 307 includes a plurality of second transparent electrodes arranged along a second direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; adjacent first number of first electrodes and adjacent second number of second electrodes constitute a control electrode group.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first electrode layer 306 includes a plurality of first transparent electrodes arranged along a first direction, such as Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of the first transparent electrodes are arranged in parallel, and the second electrode layer 307 includes a plurality of second transparent electrodes arranged along a second direction, such as Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of the second transparent electrodes are arranged in parallel, wherein adjacent first number of the first electrodes and adjacent second number of the second electrodes form a control electrode group, thereby controlling the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 305 in the corresponding area to deflect at a required angle, forming a birefringence effect, which can change the polarization state of the incident light, and further adjust the reflectivity and projection rate of each light to form a uniform output effect.

[0070] Optionally, in the optical waveguide device, a first number of the first electrodes in each of the control electrode groups are connected to a first circuit, a second number of the second electrodes in each of the control electrode groups are connected to a second circuit, the first electrodes are controlled by the first circuit, and the second electrodes are controlled by the second circuit, so that the voltage of the control electrode group changes gradiently along the first direction and / or the second direction.

[0071] In this embodiment, the voltage of the control electrode group changes in a gradient along the first direction and / or the second direction, which can ensure the uniformity of the transmitted light, thereby achieving the pupil expansion purpose of the optical waveguide.

[0072] With respect to the second implementation of the first electrode layer 306 and the second electrode layer 307 , optionally, in the optical waveguide device, the first electrode layer 306 further includes a first insulating layer 308 , wherein a plurality of the first transparent electrodes are disposed on opposite sides of the first insulating layer 308 .

[0073] In this embodiment, if Figure 4, Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the first transparent electrodes arranged on the opposite sides of the first insulating layer 308 are still arranged in parallel, and the manufacturing process flow is as follows: first, the first layer of the first transparent electrode is etched, and then a layer of the first insulating layer 308 is covered, and then the second layer of the first transparent electrode is etched, and the two edges of the second layer of the first transparent electrode have overlapping parts with the two edges of the first layer of the first transparent electrode, so that each electrode can be applied with voltage respectively and the gap between the electrodes can be eliminated.

[0074] Optionally, the optical waveguide device is characterized in that the second electrode layer 307 further includes a second insulating layer 309 , wherein a plurality of the second transparent electrodes are arranged on two opposite sides of the second insulating layer 309 .

[0075] In this embodiment, if Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the second transparent electrodes arranged on the opposite sides of the second insulating layer 309 are still arranged in parallel, and the manufacturing process flow is as follows: first, the first layer of the second transparent electrodes is etched, then a layer of the second insulating layer 309 is covered, and then the second layer of the second transparent electrodes is etched, and the two edges of the second transparent electrodes in the second layer overlap with the two edges of the second transparent electrodes in the first layer, so that each electrode can be applied with voltage respectively and the gap between the electrodes can be eliminated.

[0076] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an image output device, wherein the device comprises the optical waveguide device as described above.

[0077] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0078] The image display unit 100 is located on the side of the coupling-in optical element 200 away from the first transparent substrate 301. A plurality of output light rays of the image output by the image display unit 100 are coupled out through the optical waveguide device to form outcoupled light rays. The outcoupled light rays form an outcoupled image. The output light rays include one of the following:

[0079] Visible light in a first polarization state;

[0080] Visible light of a second polarization state.

[0081] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 6 In the optical waveguide device shown in FIG. 1 , the output light is a visible light in a first polarization state; Figure 7 and Figure 8In the optical waveguide device shown, the output light is a visible light in the second polarization state. The device providing display in the image display unit 100 may be one of LCOS, DLP, LCD, OLED, LED and the like.

[0082] like Fig. 9 As shown, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a light outcoupling method of an optical waveguide device, wherein the method is applied to the optical waveguide device as described above, and the method comprises:

[0083] Step S10, inputting control voltages to the plurality of control electrode groups respectively when the coupling-in optical element 200 outputs visible light of a first polarization state toward the first transparent substrate 301;

[0084] Wherein, the plurality of light-transmitting regions corresponding to the plurality of control electrode groups are arranged in sequence along the first direction.

[0085] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the plurality of light-transmitting areas correspond to the light-emitting areas A1-An in the figure.

[0086] Optionally, in the method, step S10 includes:

[0087] A10, inputting a first control voltage to the first control electrode group 400, and inputting a gradient-changing voltage to a plurality of second control electrode groups other than the first control electrode group 400;

[0088] The first control electrode group 400 and the orthographic projection of the coupling optical element 200 on the second transparent substrate 302 coincide with each other;

[0089] The voltage of the second control electrode group changes gradually along a first direction and / or a second direction starting from being away from the first control electrode group; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0090] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 6As shown, the coupling optical element 200 outputs visible light of the first polarization state toward the first transparent substrate 301. Assuming that the polarization state of the light is modulated to P light at this time, correspondingly, the visible light of the second polarization state is S light. A saturation voltage is applied to the first control electrode group, so that the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 305 are arranged along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the first transparent substrate. At this time, the polarization state of the incident light does not change. The P light reaches the first reflective polarizer 304 and is reflected, and passes through the liquid crystal layer 305 to reach the reflective element 303 for further reflection, and so on until it circulates to the light emitting area A. Prior to this, the first control electrode group 400 is used, and all liquid crystal saturation voltages are applied to prevent the polarization state of the light from changing. The light emitting areas of the optical waveguide device are A1, A2, A3, A4...An, n≥1. When the light reaches the light-emitting area A1, the corresponding voltage V1 is applied by the second control electrode group, and the liquid crystal molecules rotate to form a birefringent layer, which can delay the light to a certain extent. After the light passes through, a polarized light K1 of non-P light and non-S light polarization state can be obtained, and the polarized light K1 can be decomposed into P1 light and S1 light. When the K1 light reaches the light-emitting area, the P1 light component continues to be reflected, and the S1 light component is emitted. At this time, the observer's eyes can receive the light S1 from the optical waveguide device. The reflected P1 light component passes through the liquid crystal layer 305 again, and then passes through the reflective element 303 to reflect back to the area corresponding to the light-emitting area A2. At this time, a voltage V2 is applied to the second control electrode group corresponding to A2, and a phase delay of the light can be obtained to obtain a polarized light K2 between the P light and S light polarization states. The polarized light K2 can continue to be decomposed into a series of P2 lights and a series of S2 lights. When the K2 light reaches the light-emitting area, the P2 light component continues to be reflected, and the S2 light component is emitted. This process is repeated to apply voltages V3-Vn to the second control electrode group corresponding to the A3 to An regions until the emission area of ​​the emitted light Sn fills the entire light emission area A. The applied voltages V1-Vn have a gradient change, which can ensure the uniformity of the emitted light intensity, thereby achieving the pupil expansion purpose of the optical waveguide device.

[0091] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0092] B10, when the coupling optical element 200 outputs visible light of the second polarization state toward the first transparent substrate 301, inputting control voltages to the plurality of control electrode groups respectively;

[0093] Wherein, the plurality of light-transmitting regions corresponding to the plurality of control electrode groups are arranged in sequence along the first direction;

[0094] The second polarization state is different from the first polarization state.

[0095] In this embodiment, if Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the coupling optical element 200 outputs visible light of the second polarization state toward the first transparent substrate 301. At this time, zero voltage is applied to the first control electrode group 400, that is, no voltage is applied. The reflective element 303 corresponds to the third reflective polarizer in the third implementation method for the reflective element 303, which can allow P light to pass through and reflect S light.

[0096] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention use mature liquid crystal device production lines and semiconductor processing technology, which can greatly reduce the processing cost of optical waveguide devices, improve the yield rate, and produce large-size devices, which indirectly promotes the expansion of the application scope of AR display devices.

[0097] like Fig.10 As shown, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a light outcoupling device of an optical waveguide device, wherein the device is applied to the optical waveguide device as described above, and comprises:

[0098] A first input module 101, used for inputting a first control voltage to the first control electrode group 400, and inputting a gradient-changing voltage to a plurality of second control electrode groups other than the first control electrode group 400;

[0099] The first control electrode group 400 and the orthographic projection of the coupling optical element 200 on the second transparent substrate 302 coincide with each other;

[0100] The voltage of the second control electrode group changes gradually along a first direction and / or a second direction starting from being away from the first control electrode group; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0101] Optionally, in the device, the first input module 101 includes:

[0102] A first input unit, used for inputting a first control voltage to the first control electrode group 400, and inputting a gradient-changing voltage to a plurality of second control electrode groups other than the first control electrode group 400;

[0103] The first control electrode group 400 and the orthographic projection of the coupling optical element 200 on the second transparent substrate 302 coincide with each other;

[0104] The voltage of the second control electrode group changes gradually along a first direction and / or a second direction starting from being away from the first control electrode group; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0105] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0106] A second input module, configured to input control voltages to the plurality of control electrode groups respectively when the coupling optical element 200 outputs visible light of a second polarization state toward the first transparent substrate 301;

[0107] Wherein, the plurality of light-transmitting regions corresponding to the plurality of control electrode groups are arranged in sequence along the first direction;

[0108] The second polarization state is different from the first polarization state.

[0109] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can implement all the method steps implemented in the above-mentioned method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. The parts and beneficial effects that are the same as the method embodiment in this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0110] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An optical waveguide device, characterized in that: include: A first transparent substrate (301) and a second transparent substrate (302) arranged opposite to each other; A liquid crystal layer (305) is located between the first transparent substrate (301) and the second transparent substrate (302); a first electrode layer (306) located between the liquid crystal layer (305) and the first transparent substrate (301), and a second electrode layer (307) located between the liquid crystal layer (305) and the second transparent substrate (302); the first electrode layer (306) and the second electrode layer (307) are formed into a plurality of control electrode groups, each control electrode group being used to control one of the light-transmitting areas of the liquid crystal layer (305); A coupling optical element (200) is located on a side of the first transparent substrate (301) facing away from the liquid crystal layer (305); A reflective element (303) is located on a side of the first transparent substrate (301) facing away from the liquid crystal layer (305), and an orthographic projection of the reflective element (303) on the plane where the first transparent substrate (301) is located and an orthographic projection of the coupling optical element (200) on the plane where the first transparent substrate (301) is located are located in different areas; The first reflective polarizer (304) is located on a side of the second transparent substrate (302) away from the liquid crystal layer (305), and the first reflective polarizer (304) is used to reflect visible light in a first polarization state.

2. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that The reflective element (303) comprises a first reflective sheet, and the first reflective sheet is used to reflect incident visible light.

3. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that The reflective element (303) comprises a second reflective polarizer, and the second reflective polarizer is used to reflect incident visible light in a first polarization state.

4. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that The reflective element (303) comprises a third reflective polarizer, and the third reflective polarizer is used to reflect incident visible light in a second polarization state; the second polarization state is different from the first polarization state.

5. The optical waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that The first electrode layer (306) includes a plurality of first transparent electrodes arranged along a first direction, and the second electrode layer (307) includes a plurality of second transparent electrodes arranged along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; a first number of adjacent first electrodes and a second number of adjacent second electrodes form a control electrode group.

6. The optical waveguide device according to claim 5, characterized in that A first number of the first electrodes in each of the control electrode groups are connected to a first circuit, and a second number of the second electrodes in each of the control electrode groups are connected to a second circuit. The first electrodes are controlled by the first circuit, and the second electrodes are controlled by the second circuit, so that the voltage of the control electrode group changes gradiently along the first direction and / or the second direction.

7. The optical waveguide device according to claim 5, characterized in that The first electrode layer (306) further comprises a first insulating layer (308), wherein a plurality of the first transparent electrodes are arranged on opposite sides of the first insulating layer (308).

8. The optical waveguide device according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that: The second electrode layer (307) further comprises a second insulating layer (309), wherein a plurality of the second transparent electrodes are arranged on opposite sides of the second insulating layer (309).

9. An image output device, characterized in that: The device comprises the optical waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The device also includes: An image display unit (100) is located on a side of the coupling-in optical element (200) away from the first transparent substrate (301), wherein a plurality of output light rays of an image output by the image display unit (100) are coupled out through an optical waveguide device to form outcoupled light rays, wherein the outcoupled light rays form an outcoupled image, wherein the output light rays include one of the following: Visible light in a first polarization state; Visible light of a second polarization state.

11. A light outcoupling method for an optical waveguide device, characterized in that: Applied to the optical waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising: When the coupling optical element (200) outputs visible light in a first polarization state toward the first transparent substrate (301), inputting control voltages to the plurality of control electrode groups respectively; Wherein, the plurality of light-transmitting regions corresponding to the plurality of control electrode groups are arranged in sequence along the first direction.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that Inputting control voltages to the plurality of control electrode groups respectively comprises: Inputting a first control voltage to a first control electrode group (400), and inputting a gradient-changing voltage to a plurality of second control electrode groups other than the first control electrode group (400); Wherein, the first control electrode group (400) coincides with the orthographic projection of the coupling optical element (200) on the second transparent substrate (302); The voltage of the second control electrode group changes gradually along a first direction and / or a second direction starting from being away from the first control electrode group; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the coupling optical element (200) outputs visible light in a second polarization state toward the first transparent substrate (301), inputting control voltages to the plurality of control electrode groups respectively; Wherein, the plurality of light-transmitting regions corresponding to the plurality of control electrode groups are arranged in sequence along the first direction; The second polarization state is different from the first polarization state.

14. A light outcoupling device for an optical waveguide device, characterized in that: The optical waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the device comprises: A first input module, used for inputting a first control voltage to the first control electrode group (400), and inputting a gradient-changing voltage to a plurality of second control electrode groups other than the first control electrode group (400); Wherein, the first control electrode group (400) coincides with the orthographic projection of the coupling optical element (200) on the second transparent substrate (302); The voltage of the second control electrode group changes gradually along a first direction and / or a second direction starting from being away from the first control electrode group; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

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