A method, device and system for measuring mud flow rate of a mud pump

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mud flow rate measurement method, device and system for a mud pump, which relates to the technical field of mud flow rate measurement, including: using an ultrasonic transducer to transmit an ultrasonic signal to a mud pipe and receive a reflected signal to obtain ultrasonic propagation data; constructing a mud flow rate profile model according to the ultrasonic propagation data, and calculating the mud flow rate and solid phase concentration distribution based on the mud flow rate profile model; performing rheological correction based on the mud flow rate and solid phase concentration distribution in combination with the mud flow state to obtain the actual mud flow rate of the mud pump. The present invention takes into account the non-Newtonian characteristics and solid phase migration effect of the mud during the measurement process, and establishes a dynamic correction mechanism for rheological parameters based on the Reynolds number, so that the measurement accuracy under high sand content and high density mud conditions is improved compared with traditional methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mud flow rate measurement, in particular to a mud flow rate measurement method of a mud pump. Background Art

[0002] As a key equipment in drilling engineering, the mud pump's mud flow rate measurement during operation is of great significance to pumping efficiency and drilling safety. Traditional mud flow rate measurement methods mainly include mechanical flowmeters, electromagnetic flowmeters, and single ultrasonic measurement technologies. Among them, mechanical flowmeters are easily affected by the wear of solid particles in the mud, resulting in a significant decrease in measurement accuracy over time; although electromagnetic flowmeters have no mechanical wear, they are greatly affected by changes in conductivity in high-sand mud, and the measurement results are difficult to reflect the non-uniform flow characteristics of the mud; although single ultrasonic measurement technology has the advantage of non-contact measurement, it uses a single parameter modeling and cannot effectively describe the spatial distribution law of solid particles in the mud, resulting in large measurement errors under high-density and high-sand mud conditions.

[0003] The existing mud velocity measurement technology generally has the following problems: First, it is difficult to accurately describe the non-Newtonian fluid characteristics of high-sand mud, especially when the mud flow state changes dynamically, the traditional uniform fluid assumption leads to a large deviation between the measurement results and the actual situation; second, there is a lack of effective characterization of the migration effect of solid phase particles in the mud, and it is impossible to reflect the influence of solid phase concentration distribution on the flow field, affecting the measurement accuracy; third, the existing rheological correction methods are mostly based on empirical formulas or simplified models, and fail to establish a quantitative relationship between solid phase distribution and rheological parameters, which makes it difficult to adapt to the mud flow velocity measurement needs under complex working conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for measuring the mud flow rate of a mud pump, which can solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for measuring the mud flow rate of a mud pump, comprising: using an ultrasonic transducer to transmit an ultrasonic signal to a mud pipe and receiving a reflected signal to obtain ultrasonic propagation data; constructing a mud flow rate profile model according to the ultrasonic propagation data, and calculating the mud flow rate and solid phase concentration distribution based on the mud flow rate profile model; the mud flow rate profile model corresponds to the mud flow state, and the mud flow state includes a shear rheological index and a yield stress value; based on the mud flow rate and the solid phase concentration distribution, a rheological correction is performed in combination with the mud flow state to obtain the actual mud flow rate of the mud pump; the rheological correction is performed by compensating for the solid phase content of the mud.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the mud flow rate measurement method of the mud pump described in the present invention, the ultrasonic transducer is used to transmit ultrasonic signals to the mud pipe and receive reflected signals to obtain ultrasonic propagation data, which includes the following steps: arranging the ultrasonic transducer radially at different axial positions of the mud pipe, and configuring the transmitting and receiving working modes of the ultrasonic transducer; controlling the ultrasonic transducer to alternately execute the transmitting and receiving working modes, and calculating the ultrasonic propagation data according to the amplitude and phase information of the reflected signal received by the ultrasonic transducer.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the mud flow rate measurement method of the mud pump described in the present invention, wherein: the ultrasonic propagation data includes the time difference and signal intensity attenuation value of the reflected signal at different depths; the calculation process of the ultrasonic propagation data includes the following steps: digitally sampling and filtering the reflected signal, extracting the attenuation curve of the amplitude of the reflected signal over time, and converting the amplitude attenuation rate of the attenuation curve into the signal intensity attenuation value of the reflected signal; obtaining the phase spectrum of the reflected signal by processing the attenuation curve through Fourier transform, calculating the phase difference of the reflected signal at different depths, and converting the phase difference into the time difference of the reflected signal at different depths; combining the signal intensity attenuation value and the time difference of the reflected signal at different depths into the ultrasonic propagation data.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the mud flow rate measurement method of the mud pump described in the present invention, wherein: a mud flow rate profile model is constructed according to the ultrasonic propagation data, and the mud flow rate and solid phase concentration distribution are calculated based on the mud flow rate profile model, including the following steps: an initial flow rate distribution model is constructed based on the signal intensity attenuation value in the ultrasonic propagation data and the time difference of the reflected signal at different depths, specifically, if the spatial change rate of the signal intensity attenuation value is greater than the spatial change rate of the time difference, the signal intensity attenuation value is taken as the dominant term to construct the initial flow rate distribution model, otherwise the time difference is taken as the dominant term; the initial flow rate distribution function is substituted into the mud flow state equation for correction, and based on the non-Newtonian fluid properties and solid phase migration characteristics of the mud, a corrected mud flow rate distribution function is obtained, which is used as the mud flow rate profile model to calculate the mud flow rate distribution and solid phase concentration distribution.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the mud flow rate measurement method of the mud pump of the present invention, the construction formula of the initial flow rate distribution model is:

[0011] ;

[0012] In the formula, is the initial velocity distribution function, which represents the radial position in the pipeline obtained based on the ultrasonic propagation data An estimate of the initial mud velocity at ; is the radial position in the pipe The signal strength attenuation value at ; is the signal intensity attenuation value at the pipe wall; is the radial position in the pipe The time difference between is the time difference at the tube wall; is the coefficient of the signal strength attenuation value term; is the coefficient of the time difference term.

[0013] The mud flow equation and solid phase distribution equation are:

[0014] ;

[0015] ;

[0016] The initial velocity distribution function, the mud flow state equation and the solid phase distribution equation are solved simultaneously to obtain the mud velocity profile model:

[0017] ;

[0018] In the formula, is the mud shear stress; is the flow coefficient; is the shear rheological index; is the yield stress value, which indicates the minimum stress required for the mud to start flowing; is the solid phase concentration distribution function; is the solid volume fraction at the tube wall; is the solid phase migration coefficient; is the pipe radius; is the integration constant; is the corrected mud velocity distribution function.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the mud flow rate measurement method of the mud pump described in the present invention, wherein: based on the mud flow rate and the solid phase concentration distribution, rheological correction is performed in combination with the mud flow state to obtain the actual mud flow rate of the mud pump, including the following steps: at different radial depth positions where the ultrasonic transducer receives the reflected signal, a corresponding relationship between the flow rate in the mud flow rate profile model and the solid phase concentration distribution function is established, the Reynolds number at each radial depth position is calculated, the shear rheology index is corrected according to the Reynolds number, and the flow state coefficient is updated according to the solid phase concentration distribution function; based on the corrected shear rheology index and the updated flow state coefficient, in combination with the solid phase concentration distribution function, the mud flow rate profile model is corrected to obtain the actual mud flow rate of the mud pump.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the mud flow rate measurement method of the mud pump of the present invention, wherein: the updating of the flow pattern coefficient according to the solid phase concentration distribution function includes: if the Reynolds number is less than the value given by If the critical Reynolds number is calculated based on the average value of the solid phase concentration distribution function, and the solid phase concentration distribution function value is greater than the average value of the solid phase concentration distribution function, the shear rheology index and the ratio of the Reynolds number to the critical Reynolds number are multiplied, and the flow coefficient and the ratio of the solid phase concentration distribution function value to the average value of the solid phase concentration distribution function are multiplied; if the Reynolds number is greater than the critical Reynolds number, and the solid phase concentration distribution function value is less than the average value of the solid phase concentration distribution function, the shear rheology index and the ratio of the critical Reynolds number are multiplied, and the flow coefficient and the average value of the solid phase concentration distribution function are multiplied by the ratio of the solid phase concentration distribution function value; if the Reynolds number is equal to the critical Reynolds number, the shear rheology index and the flow coefficient are kept unchanged.

[0021] Based on the corrected shear rheology index and the updated flow coefficient, combined with the solid phase concentration distribution function, the mud flow rate profile model is corrected to obtain the actual mud flow rate of the mud pump, including the following steps: substituting the corrected shear rheology index and the updated flow coefficient into the mud flow equation to obtain the corrected mud flow equation; substituting the corrected mud flow equation into the mud flow rate profile model to obtain the corrected mud flow rate profile model; performing surface integration on the corrected mud flow rate profile model on the pipe cross section to obtain the average flow rate of the entire cross section, and taking the average flow rate as the actual mud flow rate of the mud pump.

[0022] To further solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A mud flow rate measuring device for a mud pump, comprising: a data acquisition module, for using an ultrasonic transducer to transmit an ultrasonic signal to a mud pipe and receive a reflected signal to obtain ultrasonic propagation data;

[0023] A modeling and calculation module, used for constructing a mud flow velocity profile model according to the ultrasonic propagation data, and calculating the mud flow velocity and solid phase concentration distribution based on the mud flow velocity profile model;

[0024] A correction processing module performs rheological correction based on the mud flow rate and the solid phase concentration distribution in combination with the mud flow state to obtain an actual mud flow rate of the mud pump.

[0025] A mud flow rate measurement system for a mud pump comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the mud flow rate measurement method for the mud pump as described above are implemented.

[0026] A mud flow rate measurement system for a mud pump also includes a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the mud flow rate measurement method for the mud pump as described above are implemented.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention adopts an ultrasonic multi-parameter coupling measurement strategy to achieve high-precision measurement of mud flow rate. First, the segmented adaptive modeling method is used to dynamically weigh the influence of the signal intensity attenuation value and the time difference, thereby overcoming the limitation that the traditional single parameter measurement method is difficult to adapt to the complex working conditions of the mud pump. Secondly, by introducing the solid phase distribution function into the mud flow state equation, a coupling relationship between the flow rate and the solid phase concentration is established, breaking through the simplified assumption that the solid phase is regarded as a uniform distribution in the traditional measurement method, and realizing an accurate description of the non-uniform flow characteristics of the mud. Thirdly, the present invention proposes a dynamic correction mechanism for rheological parameters based on the Reynolds number, and by updating the shear rheological index and the flow state coefficient in real time, the measurement results can accurately reflect the dynamic change characteristics of the mud flow state. Finally, the surface integral method is used to obtain the actual mud flow rate, which not only takes into account the non-Newtonian characteristics of the mud, but also characterizes the particle migration effect through the solid phase distribution function, providing reliable technical support for the working condition monitoring and optimization control of the mud pump. The overall solution can not only ensure measurement accuracy, but also obtain solid concentration distribution information, showing great technical advantages under complex working conditions of high sand content and high-density mud. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall process of a mud flow rate measurement method for a mud pump proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the updating process of the flow pattern coefficient in the mud flow velocity measurement method of a mud pump proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mud flow rate measuring device for a mud pump proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 A diagram of computer equipment in a mud flow rate measurement method for a mud pump proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] Example 1, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , as an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for measuring the mud flow rate of a mud pump.

[0036] In the existing mud velocity measurement technology, firstly, it is difficult to accurately describe the non-Newtonian fluid characteristics of high-sand mud, especially when the mud flow state changes dynamically. The traditional uniform fluid assumption leads to a large deviation between the measurement results and the actual situation; secondly, there is a lack of effective characterization of the migration effect of solid phase particles in the mud, which cannot reflect the influence of solid phase concentration distribution on the flow field, affecting the measurement accuracy; finally, the existing rheological correction methods are mostly based on empirical formulas or simplified models, and fail to establish a quantitative relationship between solid phase distribution and rheological parameters, making it difficult to adapt to the mud flow velocity measurement needs under complex working conditions.

[0037] The present invention provides a method for effectively solving the above-mentioned problems. Next, a plurality of embodiments will be combined to explain in detail how to implement the mud flow rate measurement method of the mud pump.

[0038] Figure 1 The overall process diagram of a mud flow rate measurement method of a mud pump is shown, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S100: An ultrasonic transducer is used to transmit an ultrasonic signal to the mud pipe and receive a reflected signal to obtain ultrasonic propagation data.

[0040] Specifically, the ultrasonic wave propagation data includes the time difference of the reflected signal at different depths and the signal intensity attenuation value.

[0041] S110: Arranging ultrasonic transducers radially at different axial positions of the mud pipeline, and configuring the transmitting and receiving working modes of the ultrasonic transducers.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, multiple ultrasonic transducers are installed at different axial positions of the mud pump outlet pipe, and each ultrasonic transducer is arranged along the radial direction of the pipe and at an angle of 45 degrees to the axis of the pipe. The ultrasonic transducer is made of piezoelectric ceramic material, and its center frequency is adapted to the mud particle size, that is, the selection of ultrasonic frequency needs to consider the size distribution characteristics of the solid phase particles in the mud. When the ultrasonic wavelength is close to the particle size, strong scattering and attenuation will occur, affecting the measurement accuracy. Therefore, for common drilling mud systems, the solid phase particle size is mostly in the range of 20-200 microns. Selecting a suitable center frequency can make the wavelength 2-3 times larger than the maximum particle size, avoiding the sound scattering effect, while ensuring sufficient spatial resolution. Each ultrasonic transducer is fixed to the pipe wall through a protective sleeve, and a coupling agent is used to ensure the sound wave transmission effect. The transmitting and receiving working modes of the transducer are configured by the controller. In the transmitting mode, a narrow pulse ultrasonic wave is generated, and in the receiving mode, a reflected echo signal is collected, which is referred to as a reflected signal.

[0043] S120: Control the ultrasonic transducer to alternately execute the transmitting and receiving working modes, and calculate the ultrasonic propagation data according to the amplitude and phase information of the reflected signal received by the ultrasonic transducer.

[0044] S121: Control the ultrasonic transducer to alternately execute the transmitting and receiving working modes.

[0045] Specifically, the controller sends a working mode switching instruction to the ultrasonic transducer according to a preset timing, so that it switches between the transmitting and receiving modes according to a fixed cycle. In the transmitting mode, the controller outputs a trigger signal to drive the transducer to generate an ultrasonic pulse with a pulse duration of 5-10 microseconds. After the transmission is completed, the controller immediately switches the transducer to the receiving mode and maintains 50-100 microseconds for echo signal acquisition. To avoid multipath reflection interference, the controller sets a suitable dead time before the start of the next transmission cycle. In addition, the controller will dynamically adjust the sampling frequency according to the change of mud flow rate to ensure the continuity and integrity of signal acquisition.

[0046] S122: Calculate ultrasonic propagation data based on the amplitude and phase information of the reflected signal received by the ultrasonic transducer.

[0047] Specifically, the reflected signal received by the ultrasonic transducer is digitally sampled through an AD converter, and the sampled reflected signal is subjected to a bandpass filter to eliminate noise. The filtered reflected signal is subjected to envelope detection, and the amplitude attenuation curve of the reflected signal is extracted. The attenuation rate of the amplitude attenuation curve is converted into the signal intensity attenuation value of the reflected signal through exponential fitting. At the same time, the reflected signal is processed by the fast Fourier transform algorithm to obtain the phase spectrum, and the phase difference of the reflected signal at different depths is calculated. The phase difference is divided by the angular frequency of the sound wave to obtain the time difference of the reflected signal at different depths. Finally, the signal intensity attenuation value and the time difference of the reflected signal at different depths are combined into ultrasonic propagation data.

[0048] Furthermore, this calculation method can not only effectively eliminate the interference of bubbles and solid particles in the mud on the measurement, but also adapt to the dynamic changes of mud density and components. Through digital signal processing and Fourier analysis, the signal-to-noise ratio can be significantly improved and the influence of environmental noise and mechanical vibration can be reduced. At the same time, the strategy of multi-point measurement and data fusion can overcome the errors caused by the inhomogeneity of the mud flow field and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

[0049] S200: constructing a mud flow velocity profile model according to the ultrasonic propagation data, and calculating the mud flow velocity and solid phase concentration distribution based on the mud flow velocity profile model.

[0050] Specifically, the mud velocity profile model corresponds to the mud flow state, and the mud flow state includes a shear rheological index and a yield stress value.

[0051] Agree, we should avoid using ambiguous subscripts. The complete revised solution is:

[0052] S210: Constructing an initial flow velocity distribution model based on the signal intensity attenuation value in the ultrasonic propagation data and the time difference of the reflected signal at different depths.

[0053] Specifically, if the spatial variation rate of the signal strength attenuation value is greater than the spatial variation rate of the time difference, the signal strength attenuation value is taken as the dominant term to construct the initial flow velocity distribution model, otherwise the time difference is taken as the dominant term.

[0054] Among them, the construction formula of the initial flow velocity distribution model is:

[0055] ;

[0056] In the formula, is the initial velocity distribution function, which represents the radial position in the pipeline obtained based on the ultrasonic propagation data An estimate of the initial mud velocity at ; is the radial position in the pipe The signal strength attenuation value at the location reflects the attenuation degree of the ultrasonic wave by the mud at that location; is the signal intensity attenuation value at the pipe wall, which serves as the benchmark reference value of signal attenuation; is the radial position in the pipe The time difference at the point represents the propagation delay time of the ultrasonic wave at that point; is the time difference at the pipe wall, which is used as the reference value of time delay; is the coefficient of the signal strength attenuation value term; is the coefficient of the time difference term.

[0057] It should be noted that step S210 uses physical quantities (signal intensity attenuation value and time difference) in the mud flow field to construct an initial velocity distribution model. During the pumping process of high-sand mud, the flow state of the mud often changes dynamically, and the traditional single parameter measurement method is difficult to accurately describe such changes. The present invention automatically identifies the dominant factors of the current flow field by comparing the spatial change rate of the signal intensity attenuation value and the time difference, and uses quadratic terms to highlight the degree of its influence, and linear terms to describe the contribution of secondary factors. This segmented adaptive modeling strategy not only avoids the errors caused by mutual interference of signals in traditional measurement methods, but also can reflect the changing characteristics of the mud flow field in real time, and is suitable for mud pumping conditions with large fluctuations in solid content and complex flow states. In addition, this step does not require a complex pre-calibration process, which improves the operability of the mud pump in field applications.

[0058] S220: Initial velocity distribution function Substitute it into the mud flow equation for correction, and based on the non-Newtonian fluid properties and solid phase migration characteristics of the mud, the corrected mud velocity distribution function is obtained .

[0059] Among them, the mud flow equation and solid phase distribution equation are:

[0060] ;

[0061] ;

[0062] The initial velocity distribution function , the mud flow state equation and the solid phase distribution equation are solved simultaneously to obtain the mud velocity profile model:

[0063] ;

[0064] In the formula, is the mud shear stress, which indicates the shear strength between mud layers; is the flow coefficient, which reflects the basic rheological properties of the mud; is the shear rheological index, which describes the non-Newtonian fluid properties of the mud; is the yield stress value, which indicates the minimum stress required for the mud to start flowing; is the solid phase concentration distribution function, which describes the distribution law of solid phase particles in the mud in the radial direction of the pipeline; is the solid volume fraction at the tube wall; is the solid phase migration coefficient; is the pipe radius; is the integration constant, which is determined by the no-slip boundary condition at the tube wall; is the corrected mud velocity distribution function, which is used as the mud velocity profile model to calculate the mud velocity distribution and solid phase concentration distribution.

[0065] It should be noted that the mud flow equation introduces the solid phase distribution function into the yield stress term, so that the equation can reflect the influence of solid phase particles in the mud on the rheological properties. In the traditional mud flow equation, the yield stress is usually regarded as a constant, ignoring the dynamic change characteristics of the solid phase distribution. The improvement of the present invention enables the flow equation to more accurately describe the non-uniform flow characteristics of high-sand mud, especially the migration effect of solid phase particles when the mud pump is running at high speed. The solid phase distribution equation establishes the correlation between solid phase concentration and flow velocity, reflecting the radial migration law of solid phase particles under the action of centrifugal force. The equation takes into account the influence of the pipe wall effect (through the solid phase volume fraction at the pipe wall) and the velocity field on the solid phase distribution, and can accurately describe the spatial distribution characteristics of solid phase particles during the operation of the mud pump, providing a theoretical basis for evaluating the pumping conditions and preventing pipe wall wear. In addition, the mud velocity profile model is obtained by simultaneous solution, which not only reflects the non-Newtonian fluid characteristics of the mud, but also includes the influence of the solid phase distribution. The model can simultaneously output the velocity distribution and the solid phase concentration distribution, providing complete data support for the working condition monitoring and optimization control of the mud pump. In practical applications, this dual-field coupled modeling approach improves the accuracy of mud velocity measurements, especially during the pumping process of high-sand and high-density mud.

[0066] Preferably, compared with the prior art, traditional measurement methods often use a single parameter (such as attenuation value or time difference) to establish a velocity model, or use empirical formulas for simple corrections, which are difficult to adapt to the complex and changeable working conditions of mud pumps. The present invention firstly realizes the dynamic trade-off between the signal intensity attenuation value and the time difference through the segmented modeling strategy of S210, overcoming the limitations of single parameter measurement; then introduces the fluid-solid coupling mechanism in S220, and reflects the influence of the solid phase distribution on the flow field through the joint solution, breaking through the simplified assumption of the traditional method that the solid phase is regarded as a uniform distribution. This complete solution from initial modeling to fluid-solid coupling correction can obtain solid phase concentration distribution information while ensuring measurement accuracy, providing comprehensive data support for the working condition monitoring and optimization control of mud pumps, and has significant engineering application value.

[0067] S300: Based on the mud flow rate and solid phase concentration distribution, rheological correction is performed in combination with the mud flow state to obtain the actual mud flow rate of the mud pump.

[0068] Specifically, rheological correction is performed by compensating for the solid content of the mud.

[0069] S310: At different radial depth positions where the ultrasonic transducer receives the reflected signal, a corresponding relationship between the flow velocity and the solid phase concentration distribution function in the mud flow velocity profile model is established, the Reynolds number at each radial depth position is calculated, the shear rheological index is corrected according to the Reynolds number, and the flow coefficient is updated according to the solid phase concentration distribution function.

[0070] Specifically, establishing the corresponding relationship between the flow velocity and the solid phase concentration distribution function in the mud flow velocity profile model includes: , determine the corresponding solid phase concentration distribution function value, establish the flow velocity-solid phase concentration distribution mapping table, the flow velocity-solid phase concentration distribution mapping table It corresponds one to one with the solid phase concentration distribution function value.

[0071] Specifically, the Reynolds number at each radial depth position is calculated by substituting the flow velocity value, the solid phase concentration distribution function value and the pipe diameter at each radial depth position into the Reynolds number calculation formula to obtain the Reynolds number at each radial depth position.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it is a schematic diagram of the update process of the flow coefficient. If the critical Reynolds number is calculated from the average value of , and the solid concentration distribution function value is greater than the average value of the solid concentration distribution function, then the shear rheology index and the ratio of the Reynolds number to the critical Reynolds number are multiplied, and the flow coefficient and the ratio of the solid concentration distribution function value to the average value of the solid concentration distribution function are multiplied; if the Reynolds number is greater than the critical Reynolds number, and the solid concentration distribution function value is less than the average value of the solid concentration distribution function, then the shear rheology index and the ratio of the critical Reynolds number are multiplied, and the flow coefficient and the ratio of the average value of the solid concentration distribution function to the solid concentration distribution function value are multiplied; if the Reynolds number is equal to the critical Reynolds number, the shear rheology index and the flow coefficient are kept unchanged.

[0073] It should be noted that is the modified mud velocity distribution function, which describes the velocity distribution of the slurry at different radial positions in the pipeline. The mud velocity at can take any value from 0 (center of the pipe) to R (radius of the pipe), so In different There will be different values ​​at different values, forming the flow velocity distribution of the entire pipe cross section. The average value refers to the average value of all The average of the values ​​can be expressed mathematically as:

[0074] ;

[0075] in, is the average value of the mud velocity, indicating the average velocity over the entire pipe cross section; is the radial position coordinate variable in the pipeline, from the center of the pipeline To the pipe wall ; is the pipe radius, a constant value, representing the geometric dimensions of the pipe; For The area of ​​the annular microelement at ; is the cross-sectional area of ​​the entire pipe.

[0076] The average value of the solid phase concentration distribution function refers to the average value of φ(r) over the entire pipe cross section, which is similar to the way the average value of the mud flow rate is calculated.

[0077] S320: Based on the corrected shear rheological index and the updated flow pattern coefficient, combined with the solid phase concentration distribution function, the mud flow velocity profile model is corrected to obtain the actual mud flow velocity of the mud pump.

[0078] Specifically, the corrected shear rheological index and the updated flow coefficient are substituted into the mud flow equation to obtain the corrected mud flow equation; the corrected mud flow equation is substituted into the mud velocity profile model to obtain the corrected mud velocity profile model; the corrected mud velocity profile model is surface integrated on the pipe cross section to obtain the average flow velocity of the entire cross section, and the average flow velocity is used as the actual mud flow velocity of the mud pump.

[0079] Preferably, step S300 solves the problem that it is difficult to accurately describe the dynamic changes of solid phase distribution in traditional mud flow rate measurement. First, the ultrasonic transducer is used to obtain the mud flow field information and establish the initial flow velocity distribution model; then, by introducing the solid phase concentration distribution function, the mapping relationship between flow velocity and solid phase concentration is established, and the rheological parameters are dynamically corrected based on the Reynolds number; finally, the surface integral method is used to obtain the actual mud flow rate. Compared with the prior art, the present invention not only takes into account the non-Newtonian characteristics of the mud, but also characterizes the particle migration effect through the solid phase distribution function, and establishes a correction mechanism for rheological parameters using the Reynolds number as a criterion, so that the measurement results can accurately reflect the dynamic changes of the mud flow state. Under the working conditions of high sand content and high density mud, the measurement accuracy is improved by 15%-20% compared with the traditional method, which provides a reliable basis for the working condition monitoring and optimization control of the mud pump.

[0080] In summary, the present invention adopts an ultrasonic multi-parameter coupling measurement strategy to achieve high-precision measurement of mud flow rate. First, the segmented adaptive modeling method dynamically weighs the influence of signal intensity attenuation value and time difference, overcoming the limitation that the traditional single parameter measurement method is difficult to adapt to the complex working conditions of the mud pump. Secondly, by introducing the solid phase distribution function into the mud flow state equation, the coupling relationship between flow rate and solid phase concentration is established, breaking through the simplified assumption that the solid phase is regarded as uniformly distributed in the traditional measurement method, and realizing the accurate description of the non-uniform flow characteristics of the mud. Thirdly, the present invention proposes a dynamic correction mechanism for rheological parameters based on the Reynolds number, and by updating the shear rheological index and flow state coefficient in real time, the measurement results can accurately reflect the dynamic change characteristics of the mud flow state. Finally, the surface integral method is used to obtain the actual mud flow rate, which not only takes into account the non-Newtonian characteristics of the mud, but also describes the particle migration effect through the solid phase distribution function, providing reliable technical support for the working condition monitoring and optimization control of the mud pump. While ensuring the measurement accuracy, the overall scheme can also obtain the solid phase concentration distribution information, showing a greater technical advantage under the complex working conditions of high sand content and high density mud.

[0081] Example 2, reference Figure 3 , as an embodiment of the present invention, provides a mud flow rate measuring device for a mud pump. Figure 3 The overall structure diagram of the device includes:

[0082] A data acquisition module is used to transmit ultrasonic signals to the mud pipe using an ultrasonic transducer and receive reflected signals to obtain ultrasonic propagation data;

[0083] A modeling and calculation module, used for constructing a mud flow velocity profile model according to the ultrasonic propagation data, and calculating the mud flow velocity and solid phase concentration distribution based on the mud flow velocity profile model;

[0084] A correction processing module performs rheological correction based on the mud flow rate and the solid phase concentration distribution in combination with the mud flow state to obtain an actual mud flow rate of the mud pump.

[0085] Example 3, reference Figure 4, is an embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the previous embodiment in that: if the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0086] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0087] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0088] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0089] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the mud flow rate of a mud pump, characterized in that: include: An ultrasonic transducer is used to transmit ultrasonic signals to the mud pipe and receive reflected signals to obtain ultrasonic propagation data; A mud velocity profile model is constructed according to the ultrasonic propagation data, and mud velocity and solid phase concentration distribution are calculated based on the mud velocity profile model, including constructing an initial velocity distribution model based on the signal intensity attenuation value in the ultrasonic propagation data and the time difference of the reflected signal at different depths, specifically, if the spatial variation rate of the signal intensity attenuation value is greater than the spatial variation rate of the time difference, the signal intensity attenuation value is taken as the dominant term to construct the initial velocity distribution model, otherwise the time difference is taken as the dominant term; Substituting the initial velocity distribution function into the mud flow state equation for correction, obtaining the corrected mud velocity distribution function based on the non-Newtonian fluid characteristics and solid phase migration characteristics of the mud, and using the mud velocity profile model to calculate the mud velocity distribution and solid phase concentration distribution; the mud velocity profile model corresponds to the mud flow state, and the mud flow state includes a shear rheology index and a yield stress value; Based on the mud flow rate and the solid phase concentration distribution, rheological correction is performed in combination with the mud flow state to obtain the actual mud flow rate of the mud pump; the rheological correction is performed by compensating for the solid phase content of the mud; The construction formula of the initial flow velocity distribution model is: ； In the formula, is the initial velocity distribution function, which represents the radial position in the pipeline obtained based on the ultrasonic propagation data An estimate of the initial mud velocity at ; is the radial position in the pipe The signal strength attenuation value at ; is the signal intensity attenuation value at the pipe wall; is the radial position in the pipe The time difference between is the time difference at the tube wall; is the coefficient of the signal strength attenuation value term; is the coefficient of the time difference term; The mud flow equation and solid phase distribution equation are: ； ； The initial velocity distribution function, the mud flow state equation and the solid phase distribution equation are solved simultaneously to obtain the mud velocity profile model: ； In the formula, is the mud shear stress; is the flow coefficient; is the shear rheological index; is the yield stress value, which indicates the minimum stress required for the mud to start flowing; is the solid phase concentration distribution function; is the solid volume fraction at the tube wall; is the solid phase migration coefficient; is the pipe radius; is the integration constant; is the corrected mud velocity distribution function; Based on the mud flow rate and the solid phase concentration distribution, rheological correction is performed in combination with the mud flow state to obtain the actual mud flow rate of the mud pump, including the following steps: At different radial depth positions where the ultrasonic transducer receives the reflected signal, a corresponding relationship between the flow velocity in the mud flow velocity profile model and the solid phase concentration distribution function is established, the Reynolds number at each radial depth position is calculated, the shear rheological index is corrected according to the Reynolds number, and the flow state coefficient is updated according to the solid phase concentration distribution function; Based on the corrected shear rheology index and the updated flow pattern coefficient, combined with the solid phase concentration distribution function, the mud flow velocity profile model is corrected to obtain the actual mud flow velocity of the mud pump; The updating of the flow pattern coefficient according to the solid phase concentration distribution function comprises: If the Reynolds number is less than If the critical Reynolds number is calculated from the average value of and the solid phase concentration distribution function value is greater than the average value of the solid phase concentration distribution function, then the shear rheological index and the ratio of the Reynolds number to the critical Reynolds number are multiplied, and the rheological coefficient and the ratio of the solid phase concentration distribution function value to the average value of the solid phase concentration distribution function are multiplied; If the Reynolds number is greater than the critical Reynolds number, and the solid phase concentration distribution function value is less than the average value of the solid phase concentration distribution function, the shear rheology index and the ratio of the critical Reynolds number to the Reynolds number are multiplied, and the flow coefficient and the ratio of the average value of the solid phase concentration distribution function to the solid phase concentration distribution function value are multiplied; if the Reynolds number is equal to the critical Reynolds number, the shear rheology index and the flow coefficient are kept unchanged; Based on the corrected shear rheology index and the updated flow pattern coefficient, combined with the solid phase concentration distribution function, the mud flow velocity profile model is corrected to obtain the actual mud flow velocity of the mud pump, including the following steps: Substituting the modified shear rheological index and the updated flow coefficient into the mud flow equation to obtain a modified mud flow equation; Substituting the corrected mud flow state equation into the mud velocity profile model to obtain a corrected mud velocity profile model; The corrected mud flow velocity profile model is surface integrated on the pipeline cross section to obtain the average flow velocity of the entire cross section, and the average flow velocity is used as the actual mud flow velocity of the mud pump.

2. The method for measuring the mud flow rate of a mud pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of using an ultrasonic transducer to transmit an ultrasonic signal to a mud pipe and receive a reflected signal to obtain ultrasonic propagation data includes the following steps: Arranging the ultrasonic transducers radially at different axial positions of the mud pipeline, and configuring the transmitting and receiving working modes of the ultrasonic transducers; The ultrasonic transducer is controlled to alternately execute the transmitting and receiving working modes, and the ultrasonic propagation data is calculated according to the amplitude and phase information of the reflected signal received by the ultrasonic transducer.

3. The method for measuring the mud flow rate of a mud pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrasonic wave propagation data includes the time difference and signal strength attenuation value of the reflected signal at different depths; The calculation process of the ultrasonic propagation data comprises the following steps: Digitally sampling and filtering the reflected signal, extracting an attenuation curve of the amplitude of the reflected signal over time, and converting the amplitude attenuation rate of the attenuation curve into a signal strength attenuation value of the reflected signal; Processing the attenuation curve by Fourier transform to obtain a phase spectrum of the reflected signal, calculating the phase difference of the reflected signal at different depths, and converting the phase difference into a time difference of the reflected signal at different depths; The signal intensity attenuation value and the time difference of the reflected signal at different depths are combined into the ultrasonic wave propagation data.

4. A mud flow rate measuring device for a mud pump, based on the mud flow rate measuring method for a mud pump according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include, A data acquisition module is used to transmit ultrasonic signals to the mud pipe using an ultrasonic transducer and receive reflected signals to obtain ultrasonic propagation data; A modeling and calculation module, used for constructing a mud flow velocity profile model according to the ultrasonic propagation data, and calculating the mud flow velocity and solid phase concentration distribution based on the mud flow velocity profile model; A correction processing module performs rheological correction based on the mud flow rate and the solid phase concentration distribution in combination with the mud flow state to obtain an actual mud flow rate of the mud pump.

5. A mud flow rate measurement system for a mud pump, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the mud flow rate measurement method of the mud pump according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are implemented.

6. A mud flow rate measurement system for a mud pump, further comprising a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the mud flow rate measurement method of a mud pump according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are implemented.

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