Hydrogen energy electrode and its preparation process

Abstract

The present invention provides a hydrogen energy electrode and a preparation process thereof, wherein the preparation process includes: cleaning and pre-treating the selected base material according to the electrode processing requirements to remove impurities and pollutants on the surface of the base material; selecting the catalyst material according to the electrode processing requirements and preparing catalyst nanoparticles by chemical reduction or electrochemical deposition; uniformly coating the prepared catalyst nanoparticles on the base material to form a catalyst layer on the surface of the base material to obtain an electrode pre-processed body; covering the electrode pre-processed body with a proton exchange membrane coated with the catalyst layer to form an electrode pre-finished product; and post-treating the electrode pre-finished product to obtain a hydrogen energy electrode. The overall preparation process of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and low in cost. The performance of the prepared electrode is more stable, and the bonding force between the proton exchange membrane and the catalyst layer is strong, which effectively improves the efficiency and service life of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy, and in particular to a hydrogen energy electrode and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the global demand for clean energy continues to grow, hydrogen energy, as a form of energy with broad prospects, has received widespread attention. Hydrogen energy electrodes are key components of hydrogen energy batteries, and their performance directly affects the efficiency and service life of the battery. At present, there are some problems in the traditional hydrogen energy electrode preparation process, such as complex preparation process, high cost, unstable electrode performance, etc., which limit the widespread application of hydrogen energy. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a high-performance, low-cost hydrogen energy electrode preparation process. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen energy electrode and a preparation process thereof, which have the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost and stable electrode performance.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives and other related objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect of the disclosed embodiment of the present invention, a process for preparing a hydrogen energy electrode is provided, comprising:

[0006] Cleaning and pre-treating the selected substrate material according to electrode processing requirements to remove impurities and contaminants on the surface of the substrate material;

[0007] Selecting catalyst materials according to electrode processing requirements and preparing catalyst nanoparticles through chemical reduction or electrochemical deposition;

[0008] The prepared catalyst nanoparticles are uniformly coated on the base material to form a catalyst layer on the surface of the base material to obtain a pre-processed electrode body;

[0009] Covering the electrode pre-processed body with a proton exchange membrane coated with a catalyst layer to form an electrode pre-processed product; and,

[0010] The electrode preliminary product is post-processed to obtain a hydrogen energy electrode.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning and pretreatment specifically include: acid cleaning, alkaline cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the base material is carbon paper or carbon cloth.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the chemical reduction method is used to prepare catalyst nanoparticles as follows:

[0014] The selected catalyst material is made into a catalyst precursor solution, which is mixed with a reducing agent and reacted for a predetermined time to generate catalyst nanoparticles.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the electrochemical deposition method is used to prepare catalyst nanoparticles as follows:

[0016] The substrate material is used as the working electrode and the catalyst material is used as the counter electrode. The predetermined current density and deposition time are controlled in the electrolyte to prepare catalyst nanoparticles deposited on the surface of the substrate material.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst material is platinum, palladium, or a platinum alloy or a palladium alloy.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst nanoparticles are uniformly coated on the base material by drop coating, spin coating or spray coating.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the post-treatment process includes one of thermal annealing, acid treatment or plasma treatment.

[0020] A second aspect of the disclosed embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen energy electrode, which is prepared by the preparation process described in the first aspect.

[0021] As described above, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen energy electrode and a preparation process thereof, wherein the preparation process includes: cleaning and pre-treating the selected base material according to the electrode processing requirements to remove impurities and pollutants on the surface of the base material; selecting the catalyst material according to the electrode processing requirements and preparing catalyst nanoparticles by chemical reduction or electrochemical deposition; uniformly coating the prepared catalyst nanoparticles on the base material to form a catalyst layer on the surface of the base material to obtain an electrode pre-processed body; covering the electrode pre-processed body with a proton exchange membrane coated with the catalyst layer to form an electrode pre-finished product; and post-processing the electrode pre-finished product to obtain a hydrogen energy electrode. The overall preparation process of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and low in cost. During preparation, the catalyst nanoparticles can be more evenly distributed on the base material, making the electrode performance more stable, and the bonding force between the proton exchange membrane and the catalyst layer is strong, which effectively improves the efficiency and service life of the battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a process for preparing a hydrogen energy electrode is provided, comprising:

[0025] S100, cleaning and pre-treating the selected base material according to electrode processing requirements to remove impurities and pollutants on the surface of the base material.

[0026] Specifically, the substrate material may be carbon paper or carbon cloth, and the cleaning and pretreatment specifically include: acid cleaning, alkali cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning, and one of the treatment methods or a combination of multiple treatment methods may be selected.

[0027] S200, selecting catalyst materials according to electrode processing requirements and preparing catalyst nanoparticles by chemical reduction or electrochemical deposition.

[0028] The catalyst materials are platinum, palladium, or platinum alloy, palladium alloy, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0029] The chemical reduction method is used to prepare catalyst nanoparticles. Specifically, a catalyst precursor solution made of a selected catalyst material is mixed with a reducing agent and reacted for a predetermined time to generate catalyst nanoparticles.

[0030] The electrochemical deposition method is used to prepare catalyst nanoparticles. Specifically, the substrate material is used as the working electrode and the catalyst material is used as the counter electrode. The predetermined current density and deposition time are controlled in the electrolyte to prepare catalyst nanoparticles deposited on the surface of the substrate material.

[0031] S300, uniformly coating the prepared catalyst nanoparticles on the base material to form a catalyst layer on the surface of the base material, thereby obtaining a pre-processed electrode body.

[0032] Specifically, in this embodiment, the catalyst nanoparticles can be uniformly coated on the base material by using a drop coating method, a spin coating method or a spray coating method.

[0033] S400, covering the electrode pre-processed body with a proton exchange membrane coated with a catalyst layer to form an electrode pre-finished product, and the proton exchange membrane needs to completely coat the catalyst base layer.

[0034] S500, post-processing the electrode pre-finished product to obtain a hydrogen energy electrode, wherein the post-processing process includes one of thermal annealing, acid treatment or plasma treatment. The post-processing process can tightly combine the proton exchange membrane with the catalytic substrate, thereby improving the performance and stability of the electrode.

[0035] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen energy electrode, which is prepared by the preparation process described in the first aspect.

[0036] The overall preparation process of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, and has low cost. During preparation, the catalyst nanoparticles can be more evenly distributed on the base material, making the electrode performance more stable, and the bonding force between the proton exchange membrane and the catalyst layer is strong, effectively improving the efficiency and service life of the battery.

[0037] To clearly illustrate the present invention, some specific embodiments are described below:

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] S100, selecting carbon paper as a substrate material, soaking the carbon paper in dilute hydrochloric acid for 2 hours, then rinsing it with deionized water, then cleaning it in an ultrasonic cleaner for 30 minutes, and finally drying it in a nitrogen atmosphere to remove impurities and pollutants on the surface of the carbon paper.

[0040] S200. According to the electrode processing requirements, a catalyst material is selected and catalyst nanoparticles are prepared by a chemical reduction method. In this embodiment, platinum nanoparticles are specifically prepared. During the preparation, a chloroplatinic acid solution is mixed with a sodium citrate solution, and a sodium borohydride solution is added dropwise under stirring. The mixture is reacted for 2 hours to obtain a platinum nanoparticle solution. In this embodiment, the catalyst material is chloroplatinic acid, the catalyst precursor solution is a chloroplatinic acid solution, and the reducing agent is a sodium citrate solution and a sodium borohydride solution.

[0041] S300, uniformly coating the prepared platinum nanoparticle solution on the treated carbon paper by drop coating, and drying naturally at room temperature to form a catalyst layer, thereby obtaining a primary electrode body.

[0042] S400, covering the electrode pre-processed body with a proton exchange membrane coated with a catalyst layer, and pressing the pre-processed body with a hot press at 120° C. for 5 minutes to form a pre-processed electrode.

[0043] S500, subjecting the electrode pre-finished product to thermal annealing treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere, the annealing temperature is 300° C., the annealing time is 2 hours, and a hydrogen energy electrode is obtained after the treatment, so that the proton exchange membrane is closely combined with the catalytic substrate, thereby improving the performance and stability of the electrode.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] S100, selecting carbon paper cloth as the base material, soaking the carbon cloth in a sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours, then rinsing it with deionized water, then cleaning it in an ultrasonic cleaner for 30 minutes, and finally drying it in a nitrogen atmosphere to remove impurities and pollutants on the surface of the carbon cloth.

[0046] S200, selecting catalyst materials according to electrode processing requirements and preparing catalyst nanoparticles by electrochemical deposition. In this embodiment, palladium nanoparticles are specifically prepared. During the preparation, the treated carbon cloth is used as the working electrode, the platinum sheet is used as the counter electrode, and the saturated calomel electrode is used as the reference electrode. Electrochemical deposition is performed in an electrolyte containing palladium chloride. The current density of the deposition process is controlled to be 5 mA / cm 2 The deposition time is 30 minutes, and palladium nanoparticles deposited on the carbon cloth are obtained. At this time, the palladium nanoparticles are naturally and evenly coated on the carbon cloth, forming a preliminary processed electrode body.

[0047] S300, covering the electrode pre-processed body with a proton exchange membrane coated with a catalyst layer, and pressing the pre-processed body with a hot press at 120° C. for 5 minutes to form a pre-processed electrode.

[0048] S500, soak the finished electrode in dilute sulfuric acid for 1 hour, then rinse with deionized water, and dry in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a hydrogen energy electrode, so that the proton exchange membrane is closely combined with the catalytic base layer, thereby improving the performance and stability of the electrode.

[0049] The performance of the hydrogen energy electrodes prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 was tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0050]

[0051] It can be seen from the test results that the hydrogen energy electrode prepared by the present invention has high open circuit voltage, current density and power density and excellent performance.

[0052] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which are equivalent modifications and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing a hydrogen energy electrode, characterized in that: include: Cleaning and pre-treating the selected substrate material according to electrode processing requirements to remove impurities and contaminants on the surface of the substrate material; Selecting catalyst materials according to electrode processing requirements and preparing catalyst nanoparticles through chemical reduction or electrochemical deposition; The prepared catalyst nanoparticles are uniformly coated on the base material to form a catalyst layer on the surface of the base material to obtain a pre-processed electrode body; Covering the electrode pre-processed body with a proton exchange membrane coated with a catalyst layer to form an electrode pre-processed product; and, The electrode preliminary product is post-processed to obtain a hydrogen energy electrode.

2. The preparation process of the hydrogen energy electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning and pretreatment specifically include: acid cleaning, alkali cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning.

3. The preparation process of the hydrogen energy electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate material is carbon paper or carbon cloth.

4. The preparation process of the hydrogen energy electrode according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The chemical reduction method is used to prepare catalyst nanoparticles as follows: The selected catalyst material is made into a catalyst precursor solution, which is mixed with a reducing agent and reacted for a predetermined time to generate catalyst nanoparticles.

5. The preparation process of the hydrogen energy electrode according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The electrochemical deposition method is used to prepare catalyst nanoparticles as follows: The substrate material is used as the working electrode and the catalyst material is used as the counter electrode. The predetermined current density and deposition time are controlled in the electrolyte to prepare catalyst nanoparticles deposited on the surface of the substrate material.

6. The preparation process of the hydrogen energy electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst material is: platinum, palladium or platinum alloy, palladium alloy.

7. The preparation process of the hydrogen energy electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst nanoparticles are uniformly coated on the base material by a drop coating method, a spin coating method or a spray coating method.

8. The process for preparing the hydrogen energy electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The post-treatment process includes one of thermal annealing, acid treatment or plasma treatment.

9. A hydrogen energy electrode, characterized in that: The method is prepared by the preparation process described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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