A control method, system, device and storage medium of a fuel cell system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of control method, system, device and storage medium of fuel cell system, the control method includes: obtaining the temperature of fuel cell stack in the process of power generation;Obtain the temperature of new hydrogen output by buffer tank;Obtain the ambient temperature of fuel cell system;Determine whether the stack temperature meets the first preset temperature range, obtain the first determination result;Determine whether the new hydrogen temperature meets the second preset temperature range, obtain the second determination result;Determine whether the ambient temperature meets the third preset temperature range, obtain the third determination result;Based on the first determination result, the second determination result and the third determination result, adjust the heat dissipation capacity of fuel cell system and liquid hydrogen heating mode.The embodiment of the application can improve the heat dissipation capacity of air cooling system in air-cooled fuel cell system using liquid hydrogen supply and the utilization rate of liquid hydrogen cold energy, and can be widely applied to fuel cell technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to fuel cell technology, and in particular to a control method, system, device and storage medium for a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] Air-cooled fuel cells are a type of hydrogen fuel cell that typically use compressed or liquid hydrogen for storage. Liquid hydrogen storage, due to its high specific hydrogen storage density, effectively addresses the range issues associated with hydrogen fuel cell applications and is considered a promising hydrogen storage method for the future. Hydrogen fuel cells powered by liquid hydrogen operate by introducing heated, vaporized hydrogen and oxygen from the air into the cell, where an electrochemical reaction occurs under the action of a catalyst. Hydrogen is broken down into protons and electrons at the anode. The protons travel through a proton exchange membrane to the cathode, while the electrons flow through an external circuit to generate an electric current, powering external devices. At the cathode, protons and oxygen combine to form water, releasing heat energy. Throughout this process, an air cooling system dissipates heat, ensuring stable operation of the battery at an appropriate temperature. This type of fuel cell offers high efficiency, zero pollution, and excellent stability.

[0003] Generally, air-cooled systems use an open cathode design or a microtube array heat sink designed between the plates to dissipate heat. However, both methods require a large amount of power to be supplied to the fan within the air-cooled system to remove heat from the system by increasing air flow. Furthermore, when the ambient temperature is high or the system is continuously operating at high loads, the heat dissipation capacity may be insufficient. Secondly, air-cooled fuel cell systems using liquid hydrogen as a supply generally use electric heating or use fans to blow hot air out of the stack to heat the liquid hydrogen. However, these methods cannot fully utilize the cooling energy of the liquid hydrogen and result in a waste of the cooling energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve one of the above problems, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a control method, system, device and storage medium for a fuel cell system, which can improve the heat dissipation capacity of the air-cooled system in an air-cooled fuel cell system using liquid hydrogen supply and the utilization rate of liquid hydrogen cooling energy.

[0005] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell system includes a fan group, a fuel cell stack, and a liquid hydrogen tank, a three-way valve, a liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and a buffer tank connected in sequence; the liquid hydrogen vaporization device includes a first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and a second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located between the fan group and one side of the fuel cell stack, and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located on the other side of the fuel cell stack. The control method includes:

[0006] Obtaining the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack; obtaining the temperature of the new hydrogen at the outlet of the buffer tank; obtaining the ambient temperature of the fuel cell system;

[0007] Determining whether the temperature of the battery stack meets a first preset temperature range, and obtaining a first determination result;

[0008] Determining whether the new hydrogen temperature meets a second preset temperature range, and obtaining a second determination result;

[0009] Determining whether the ambient temperature meets a third preset temperature range, and obtaining a third determination result;

[0010] Based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result, the heat dissipation capacity and the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system are adjusted.

[0011] Specifically, the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are both provided with a heating plate; and adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and / or liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system includes:

[0012] Adjusting the fan speed of the fan group;

[0013] and / or, adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device by means of the three-way valve;

[0014] and / or, adjusting the heating power of the heating plate.

[0015] Optionally, adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result includes:

[0016] If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is lower than the preset minimum stack temperature, the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system are adjusted according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result.

[0017] Specifically, adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes:

[0018] If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is greater than the minimum preset ambient temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is adjusted to the minimum speed, and the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are adjusted to the preset maximum threshold value; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0019] If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is lower than the minimum preset ambient temperature, the fan group is turned off, the heating plate is started, and the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are adjusted to the preset maximum threshold value; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature does not meet the preset new hydrogen temperature range, the heating power of the heating plate is adjusted until the new hydrogen temperature meets the preset new hydrogen temperature range.

[0020] Optionally, adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result includes:

[0021] If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is higher than the preset maximum stack temperature, adjusting the fan group speed of the fan group to the minimum speed, adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporizer to the preset minimum threshold, and adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporizer to the preset maximum threshold;

[0022] Determining whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature meets a second preset temperature range, and obtaining the adjusted determination result;

[0023] Based on the adjusted judgment result, the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group are adjusted again.

[0024] Specifically, the re-adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group includes:

[0025] If the adjusted judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, it is again judged whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0026] If the result of the second determination is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the fuel cell stack temperature is greater than the preset maximum fuel cell stack temperature, increase the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and return to the process of secondly determining whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0027] If the result of the second determination is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is less than the preset minimum ambient temperature, reducing the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, increasing the fan speed of the fan group, and returning to the process of second determination to determine whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0028] If the result of the second determination is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than the preset minimum ambient temperature, increase the fan speed of the fan group, and return to executing the second determination of whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0029] If the result of the re-judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the stack temperature is less than the preset maximum stack temperature, the adjustment is terminated.

[0030] Optionally, adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result includes:

[0031] If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature meets the preset first temperature range, adjusting the fan speed of the fan group to the minimum wind speed, and adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold;

[0032] If the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0033] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control system for a fuel cell system, the control system including a processor and the fuel cell system as described above, the processor being configured to implement the control method as described above.

[0034] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fuel cell control device, comprising:

[0035] at least one processor;

[0036] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0037] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method described above.

[0038] On the other hand, an example of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program executable by a processor. When the program is executed by a processor, it is used to perform the method described above.

[0039] In summary, the beneficial effects that can be achieved by implementing the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0040] An embodiment of the present invention provides a control method, system, device and storage medium for a fuel cell system. The control method obtains the temperature of key parts in the fuel cell system in real time, determines the relationship between the temperature and the corresponding preset temperature range, and adjusts the distribution method of the liquid hydrogen supply flow in the fuel cell system, the fan speed of the fan group and the heating power of the heating plate according to the judgment result; through the adjustment, the system can effectively utilize the liquid hydrogen cooling energy in the liquid hydrogen supply and the heat generated when the fuel cell stack is working, realize the adjustment of the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system, and effectively improve the heat dissipation capacity of the air-cooled system and the utilization rate of the liquid hydrogen cooling energy in the air-cooled fuel cell system using liquid hydrogen supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of a fuel cell system control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a control method for a fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of another fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid hydrogen vaporization device and its heating plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a heat sink provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a portion of the components of the fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another component of the fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a fuel system control device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Label: 1-Liquid hydrogen tank, 2-Liquid hydrogen pump, 3-Three-way valve, 4-First liquid hydrogen vaporization device, 4.1-Liquid hydrogen flow channel, 4.2-Heat conduction fin, 5-Front channel heating plate, 6-Second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, 7-Rear channel heating plate, 8-Buffer tank, 9-Pressure regulating valve, 10-Exhaust valve, 11-Single battery, 12-Heat sink, 12.1-Evaporation area, 12.2-Condensation area, 13-Patrol controller (CVTM), 14

[0051] -Fuel cell system controller (FCU), 15-Fuel cell system housing, 16-Filter element, 17-Fan assembly, 17.1-Top fan assembly, 17.2-Middle fan assembly, 17.3-Bottom fan assembly, 18-Liquid hydrogen temperature sensor, 19-New hydrogen pressure sensor, 20-New hydrogen temperature sensor, 21-Ambient temperature sensor, 22-End plate, 23-Fasten bolts, 24-Current collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The step numbers in the following embodiments are provided for ease of description only and do not limit the order of the steps. The order of execution of the steps in the embodiments can be adaptively adjusted based on the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0053] Several terms used in this application are explained as follows:

[0054] Fuel cell: A power generation device that converts the chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidant directly into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction, also known as an electrochemical generator. Its operating principle is as follows: The raw fuel (such as natural gas, oil, methanol, etc.) is separated into hydrogen by a "fuel reformer" and then enters the cell body. Simultaneously, oxygen from the air also enters the cell body and is supplied to the cell's electrodes. The electrolyte causes an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, generating a potential difference that produces a low-voltage DC output.

[0055] Air-cooled fuel cells: An innovative, environmentally friendly energy technology, air-cooling technology promotes air flow for improved heat dissipation, generating electricity through the reaction of hydrogen and air. Compared to traditional water-cooling systems, air-cooled fuel cells eliminate the need for complex heat exchange equipment, reducing system cost and weight. They offer high efficiency, zero pollution, and excellent stability, with the sole reaction product being water, making them environmentally friendly.

[0056] Open cathode design: An innovative fuel cell design that eliminates the traditional cathode flow channel by allowing air to pass directly through the middle of the stack, providing both cooling and direct oxygen supply for the reaction. This design simplifies the system structure, reduces component requirements, and improves power density, greatly reducing the mass and volume of the entire power supply system, with broad prospects in portable power, emergency power and other application scenarios.

[0057] Micro-tube array heat sink: A high-efficiency heat dissipation structure formed by integrating multiple micro-heat pipes on a flat plate, which rapidly conducts and disperses heat to a larger area through the phase change cycle of the internal working medium, with high thermal conductivity, compact structure, low temperature gradient and high reliability, widely used in electronic devices, spacecraft devices and other fields to meet high power density and high heat dissipation requirements.

[0058] Liquid hydrogen vaporization device: A device for converting liquid hydrogen into gaseous hydrogen, usually including a heating system and a fluid transfer system, which heats liquid hydrogen and controls its vaporization process to stabilize the output of gaseous hydrogen for fuel cell applications. The device has high efficiency, compactness and safety, and is of great significance to improving hydrogen energy utilization efficiency and promoting hydrogen energy technology development.

[0059] Fuel cell stack: The core component of a fuel cell system, composed of multiple fuel cell monomers stacked together, which converts the chemical energy of fuel (such as hydrogen) and oxidant (such as oxygen) into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions, with high energy density, low emissions, high efficiency and other advantages, widely used in automobiles, distributed power generation, backup power and other fields.

[0060] Parasitic power: Refers to the power loss generated by the normal operation of various accessories in the fuel cell system, such as air compressors, water pumps, hydrogen circulation pumps, fans, etc. The size of parasitic power mainly depends on the demand for each accessory to ensure the target output power of the stack under different operating conditions.

[0061] Purge valve: Also known as purge valve, air release valve, exhaust valve, purge valve, flush valve or cleaning valve, it is a valve widely used in various industrial and technical fields. Its basic function is to control the flow of gas, especially when it is necessary to discharge or introduce gas from one system or container to another.

[0062] GDL: Gas Diffusion Layer, divided into cathode gas diffusion layer (CGDL) and anode gas diffusion layer (AGDL), is a structure located between the microporous layer and the electrode plate. It is a key component in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Its main function is to provide channels for reaction gases (such as hydrogen and oxygen) so that they can be evenly distributed on the catalytic layer and participate in the electrochemical reaction. At the same time, it can effectively discharge the water and heat generated by the reaction to maintain the water balance and heat balance inside the battery. The gas diffusion layer is usually made of carbon paper or carbon cloth with high conductivity, high porosity and good mechanical strength to ensure efficient gas transmission and stable operation of the battery.

[0063] MPL: Microporous Layer (MPL), consisting of the cathode microporous layer (CMPL) and the anode microporous layer (AMPL), is located between the gas diffusion layer and the catalyst layer. The microporous layer helps reduce the transport resistance of oxygen from the gas diffusion layer to the catalyst layer, allowing reactants to reach the catalytic active sites more efficiently. It also improves the water drainage path and maintains an appropriate humidity environment, ensuring that the proton exchange membrane is neither overly dry nor flooded.

[0064] CL: Catalyst Layer, divided into the cathode catalyst layer (CCL) and the anode catalyst layer (ACL), is located between the microporous layer and the proton exchange membrane. It is generally composed of a carbon support, a precious metal catalyst, and an ionomer. It is primarily responsible for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the electrochemical reaction. In this layer, oxygen combines with protons (H+) transmitted from the anode through the proton exchange membrane, while simultaneously receiving electrons from the external circuit, ultimately generating water.

[0065] PEM: Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM), a key component widely used in electrochemistry, particularly in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). PEM is a solid polymer electrolyte that allows protons (i.e., hydrogen ions) to migrate from the anode to the cathode through the membrane while preventing electrons from passing directly through the membrane, forcing the electrons to flow through an external circuit, generating an electric current.

[0066] PEMFC: The abbreviation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, is an electrochemical energy conversion device based on the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.

[0067] Cell Voltage Temperature Monitor (CVTM): A fuel cell patrol controller used to monitor the voltage and temperature of a single cell in a fuel cell stack.

[0068] Fuel Cell Unit (FCU): The fuel cell system controller is the core management component of the fuel cell engine system. It is responsible for receiving sensor signals, monitoring and adjusting system status, outputting execution instructions, and interacting with other load controllers to ensure efficient and stable operation of the fuel cell engine.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a fuel cell system, and the structure of the corresponding fuel cell system is as follows Figure 2 As shown in the figure and its corresponding process is as follows Figure 3 The fuel cell system includes a fan group, a fuel cell stack, and a liquid hydrogen tank, a three-way valve, a liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and a buffer tank connected in sequence; the liquid hydrogen vaporization device includes a first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and a second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located between the fan group and one side of the fuel cell stack, and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located on the other side of the fuel cell stack; the control method provided in this embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0070] S100: Acquire the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack; acquire the temperature of new hydrogen at the outlet of the buffer tank; and acquire the ambient temperature of the fuel cell system.

[0071] The stack temperature (T_cell), new hydrogen temperature (T_h2) and ambient temperature (environmental temperature Te) in the air-cooled fuel cell system are obtained by temperature sensors installed at key positions of the fuel cell system, and the obtained temperatures are used as the basis for subsequent system adjustments.

[0072] Specifically, the temperature of the battery stack is obtained by reading the temperature of each single battery cell through a temperature sensor arranged on the single battery cell, and the comprehensive evaluation temperature of the battery stack is obtained through weighted calculation and output.

[0073] Specifically, the buffer tank receives hydrogen from both the first and second liquid hydrogen vaporizers, neutralizes the hydrogen within the buffer tank, and then delivers it to the fuel cell stack for reaction and power generation. A new hydrogen temperature sensor is installed at the buffer tank's hydrogen outlet to monitor the temperature of the new hydrogen being delivered in real time.

[0074] S200: Determine whether the stack temperature meets the first preset temperature range and obtain a first judgment result; determine whether the new hydrogen temperature meets the second preset temperature range and obtain a second judgment result; determine whether the ambient temperature meets the third preset temperature range and obtain a third judgment result.

[0075] The stack temperature, new hydrogen temperature, and ambient temperature are judged to determine whether the air-cooled fuel cell is operating normally and efficiently.

[0076] Specifically, the setting of the first preset temperature range, that is, the lowest and highest temperatures in the optimal operating temperature range of the air-cooled fuel cell stack, is mainly based on the fuel cell stack material and the internal mass transfer and water-heat balance characteristics of the fuel cell stack to set the temperature range for optimal fuel cell stack performance.

[0077] Specifically, the second preset range includes minimum and maximum new hydrogen temperature values. To prevent excessively low hydrogen temperatures from entering the stack, which could lead to low stack temperatures, lower internal reaction efficiency, and lower stack output power. In severe cases, this could also cause water back-diffused from the cathode to the anode within the stack to freeze, blocking flow channels and damaging stack components. The minimum new hydrogen temperature is set within a range of approximately 5-10°C.

[0078] Specifically, the third preset temperature includes minimum and maximum ambient temperature values. To prevent the stack temperature from being too low due to the top fan being activated or the fan speed being controlled too high when the ambient temperature is too low, which could lead to lower internal reaction efficiency and lower stack output power. In severe cases, generated water at the cathode of the stack could freeze, blocking the flow path and damaging the stack components. The minimum ambient temperature is set within a range of approximately 5-10°C.

[0079] Specifically, excessively high or low ambient and fresh hydrogen temperatures can affect the performance of the fuel cell stack, and may even cause irreversible damage to the stack. In actual applications, the second and third preset temperature ranges need to be adjusted based on the specific characteristics of the product being designed and manufactured.

[0080] S300: Adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result.

[0081] Determine the temperature of key parts of the system, adjust the operating conditions of some equipment in the system based on the judgment results, adjust the heat dissipation capacity of the air cooling system and the liquid hydrogen heating method, so that the temperature of the fuel cell stack and the temperature of the new hydrogen meet the corresponding preset temperature range, and ensure that the fuel cell system is in a normal state and generates electricity efficiently.

[0082] Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, both the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are provided with heating plates; and the method for adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system includes one or more of the following methods:

[0083] Adjust the fan speed of the fan group;

[0084] Adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device by using a three-way valve;

[0085] Adjust the heating power of the heating plate.

[0086] Parameters such as ambient temperature, new hydrogen temperature, current density, and fan speed will affect the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack. This article aims to achieve optimal control of the fuel cell stack operating temperature by controlling the fan speed and liquid hydrogen cooling energy distribution.

[0087] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the process of adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result in step S300 may include the following steps:

[0088] S311: If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is lower than the preset minimum stack temperature, adjust the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result.

[0089] Specifically, adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes the following two situations:

[0090] Case 1: If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is greater than the preset minimum ambient temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is adjusted to the minimum speed, and the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are both adjusted to the preset maximum threshold value; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature;

[0091] Specifically, the first and second liquid hydrogen vaporizers correspond to the front and rear channels of the liquid hydrogen supply, respectively. The liquid hydrogen in the front and rear channels can exchange heat with air when the air temperature is sufficient, while the liquid hydrogen in the rear channel can exchange heat with the hot air blown from the stack when the stack temperature is appropriate. The liquid hydrogen in the front and rear channels ultimately exchanges heat within the buffer tank, achieving temperature neutralization.

[0092] Specifically, because the ambient temperature is greater than the minimum preset temperature, it means that the air temperature is greater than the liquid hydrogen temperature, and heat exchange can be performed with the liquid hydrogen to achieve a certain degree of heating of the liquid hydrogen. However, the heat exchange between liquid hydrogen and air is limited, and liquid hydrogen heating cannot be achieved solely in this way. It is still necessary to use the hot air blown out from the fuel cell stack through the rear channel for heat exchange to achieve a suitable temperature for the new hydrogen entering the stack. Fully opening the front and rear channels is only a preliminary setting, and some adjustments need to be made in actual situations, such as the front channel opening being the smallest and the rear channel opening being the largest. In addition, because the ambient temperature is still greater than the minimum temperature, at this temperature, if the fuel cell stack is operating under a large load, the fuel cell stack will heat up very quickly, so ensuring a certain opening of the front channel is conducive to the dynamic control and regulation of the fuel cell stack temperature.

[0093] Case 2: If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is lower than the minimum preset ambient temperature, turn off the fan group, start the heating plate, and adjust the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature does not meet the preset new hydrogen temperature range, adjust the heating power of the heating plate until the new hydrogen temperature meets the preset new hydrogen temperature range.

[0094] Specifically, at this time, the temperature of the fuel cell stack and the ambient temperature are both relatively low, making it difficult to heat and increase the temperature of the liquid hydrogen through heat exchange with the air. It can only be heated by powering the heating plate on the liquid hydrogen vaporization device. In order to speed up and ensure the heating effect of the liquid hydrogen, adjust the three-way valve to a state where both the front and rear channels are fully open. At this time, the heating plates on both sides heat the liquid hydrogen at the same time. Adjust the heating power of the heating plate (increase the heating power of the heating plate if the new hydrogen temperature is too low, and reduce the heating power of the heating plate if the new hydrogen temperature is too high) until the new hydrogen temperature meets the preset new hydrogen temperature range.

[0095] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the process of adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result in step S300 may include the following steps:

[0096] S321: If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is higher than the preset maximum stack temperature, adjust the fan speed of the fan group to the minimum speed, adjust the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporizer to the preset minimum threshold, and adjust the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporizer to the preset maximum threshold;

[0097] Specifically, in step S321, because the ambient temperature is not determined at this point, it is unknown whether the air can provide sufficient heat for heating the liquid hydrogen and its impact on the heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack. In order to avoid the adverse effects of excessive liquid hydrogen flow in the front channel, such as low air temperature on the air inlet side and insufficient heating of the liquid hydrogen, on the fuel cell stack, the front channel opening is initially set to a minimum. Then, based on the temperature feedback from the temperature sensor, if there is still a need for increased heat dissipation, the front channel opening is gradually increased to allow more liquid hydrogen to flow through the front channel, thereby utilizing more liquid hydrogen cooling energy for heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack.

[0098] S322: Determine whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature meets the second preset temperature range, and obtain an adjusted determination result;

[0099] S323: Based on the adjusted judgment result, the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group are adjusted again.

[0100] Optionally, the process of re-adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speeds of the fan groups in step S313 includes:

[0101] If the adjusted judgment result shows that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, it is determined again whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature. The results of the second judgment may include the following situations:

[0102] Case 1: If the result of the second judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the stack temperature is greater than the preset maximum stack temperature, increase the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and return to execute the re-judgment of whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0103] Specifically, when the result of the re-judgment shows that the current valve opening state (front channel first gear, rear channel fully open) still cannot meet the heat dissipation capacity requirements of the fuel cell stack, it is necessary to increase the opening of the front channel to allow more liquid hydrogen to flow from the front channel, and use the cold energy of the liquid hydrogen to further reduce the air temperature on the air inlet side, thereby improving the heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack.

[0104] Case 2: If the result of the second judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is lower than the preset minimum ambient temperature, the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is reduced, the fan speed of the fan group is increased, and the process returns to execute a second judgment to determine whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is higher than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0105] Specifically, when the temperature of new hydrogen is too low (does not meet the requirements for entering the stack), if the ambient temperature is lower than the minimum temperature, it means that the heat exchange effect between liquid hydrogen and air is very poor at this time. The only way is to reduce the liquid hydrogen flow in the front channel so that more liquid hydrogen can enter the stack from the rear channel, and make full use of the hot air blown out from the fuel cell stack for heat exchange and temperature increase. However, in order to ensure the cooling of the fuel cell stack, the fan speed needs to be increased.

[0106] Case 3: If the result of the second judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is higher than the preset minimum ambient temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased, and the process returns to execute a second judgment to determine whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is higher than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0107] Specifically, when the temperature of new hydrogen is too low (does not meet the requirements for entering the reactor), if the ambient temperature is greater than the minimum temperature, it means that the air temperature is higher than the liquid hydrogen temperature. The fan speed can be increased to enhance the heat exchange between liquid hydrogen and air to achieve a certain degree of temperature increase of the liquid hydrogen.

[0108] Case 4: If the result of the re-judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the stack temperature is less than the preset maximum stack temperature, the adjustment is terminated.

[0109] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the process of adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result in step S300 may include the following steps:

[0110] S331: If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature meets the preset first temperature range, adjust the fan speed of the fan group to the minimum wind speed, and adjust the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold;

[0111] Specifically, because the heat generated by the fuel cell stack per unit time is large, the amount of hydrogen required per unit time corresponds to a relatively small amount of heat required for vaporizing liquid hydrogen. When the fuel cell stack is within the operating temperature range, the heat generated by the fuel cell stack is sufficient to vaporize the liquid hydrogen.

[0112] S332: If the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, increase the fan speed of the fan group until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0113] Specifically, when the fuel cell stack is within the stable operating range, the heat generated by the fuel cell stack is sufficient to vaporize liquid hydrogen. If the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed is increased to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid hydrogen in the rear channel so that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

[0114] The control method provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0115] (1) Make full use of liquid hydrogen cooling energy to improve the system's heat dissipation capacity and reduce cooling fan noise:

[0116] Integrating a liquid hydrogen vaporizer into an air-cooled fuel cell system utilizes the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen in the front channel to lower the incoming air temperature, and in conjunction with the cooling fan, improves the overall heat dissipation capacity of the system. Introducing liquid hydrogen cooling energy from the rear channel into the fuel cell cooling system further reduces the demand on the cooling fan, lowering the required fan speed and reducing noise.

[0117] (2) Liquid hydrogen zone thermal management and adjustment of liquid hydrogen heating method:

[0118] A three-way valve is installed to divert liquid hydrogen according to different scenarios (ambient temperature, stack temperature, hydrogen supply demand) and actual thermal management requirements, and to achieve diversion flow control. The heating power of the heater plate and fan speed control, combined with the heat of the stack heat sink, further improve the heating capacity of the liquid hydrogen and achieve better control of liquid hydrogen heating and vaporization.

[0119] (3) Integrated thermal management to reduce parasitic power of accessories and improve overall system efficiency:

[0120] The integrated hydrogen (liquid hydrogen) supply system and fuel cell cooling system fully utilize the cooling energy of liquid hydrogen and heat generated by the fuel cell stack to achieve dynamic thermal management through the control and regulation of multiple systems, further reduce the parasitic power of system accessories (cooling fan group, heating plate), increase the net power output of the system, and improve the overall efficiency of the system.

[0121] (4) Integrated thermal management to improve the system's adaptability to multiple scenarios:

[0122] Through system control and adjustment for low and high ambient temperature scenarios, cold start and hot engine start conditions, a dynamic balance of the system's overall cooling and heating demands is achieved, improving the system's multi-scenario adaptability.

[0123] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a control system for a fuel cell system, the control system comprising a processor and any one of the fuel cell systems mentioned in the above method embodiments; the processor is used to implement the control method mentioned in the above method embodiments

[0124] It can be seen that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present system embodiments. The functions specifically implemented by the present system embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0125] like Figures 4 to 8As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides another fuel cell system, including: 1-liquid hydrogen tank, 2-liquid hydrogen pump, 3-three-way valve, 4-first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, 4.1-liquid hydrogen flow channel, 4.2-heat conducting fins, 5-front channel heating plate, 6-second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, 7-rear channel heating plate, 8-buffer tank, 9-pressure regulating valve, 10-exhaust valve, 11-single cell, 12-heat sink, 12.1-evaporation zone, 12.2-condensation zone, 13-patrol inspection controller (CVTM), 14-fuel cell system controller (FCU), 15-fuel cell system housing, 16-filter element, 17-fan group, 17.1-top fan group, 17.2-middle fan group, 17.3-bottom fan group, 18-liquid hydrogen temperature sensor, 19-new hydrogen pressure sensor, 20-new hydrogen temperature sensor, 21-ambient temperature sensor, 22-end plate, 23-fastening bolts, 24-collecting plate.

[0126] like Figures 7-8 , which is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of some components of the fuel cell system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0127] Specifically, the fuel cell stack comprises an end plate 24, a current collecting plate 26, a heat sink 12, a single cell 11, and fastening bolts 25. The single cell 11 is composed of a plate and a seven-in-one membrane electrode assembly. The seven-in-one membrane electrode assembly includes a cathode gas diffusion layer (CGDL), an anode gas diffusion layer (AGDL), a cathode microporous layer (CMPL), an anode microporous layer (AMPL), a cathode catalyst layer (CCL), an anode catalyst layer (ACL), and a proton exchange membrane (PEM).

[0128] Specifically, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system consists of a liquid hydrogen tank 1 , a liquid hydrogen pump 2 , a three-way valve 3 , a first liquid hydrogen vaporization device 4 , a second liquid hydrogen vaporization device 6 , a buffer tank 8 , and a pressure regulating valve 9 .

[0129] Specifically, the patrol controller 13 (CVTM) reads the temperature of each cell through the temperature sensor arranged on the cell, obtains the comprehensive evaluation temperature of the stack through weighted calculation, and obtains the voltage value of each cell by measuring the potential on each cell.

[0130] Furthermore, the patrol controller 13 (CVTM) can obtain the temperature of all single cells. The speed of the cooling fan group 17 can be adjusted based on the temperature distribution of the single cells, the ambient temperature, the stack output demand, the oxygen supply demand, and the opening of the three-way valve front channel, achieving uniform temperature control across multiple cells and multiple regions of the stack. For example, if the temperature in the middle of the stack is higher, the fan speed in each group can be increased while meeting the normal oxygen supply demand of the stack. This, combined with the cooling energy of the liquid hydrogen, adjusts the thermal balance of each part of the stack to meet the stack's heat dissipation requirements.

[0131] Specifically, the fan group 17 is arranged at the front end of the fuel cell stack (on the air inlet side) and is divided into three groups: the top fan group 17.1, the middle fan group 17.2, and the bottom fan group 17.3. Each group has three fans. The fan speed can be controlled by the fuel cell system controller (FCU) 14. A filter element 16 is also installed in front of the fan group 17 to filter dust in the air and ensure that the air entering the system is clean. At the same time, a through hole is opened at the rear end of the fuel cell system housing, through which the air after heat exchange with the heat sink 12 and the liquid hydrogen vaporization device 4 / 6 can be discharged.

[0132] Specifically, when the air-cooled fuel cell is working, the bottom 17.3 and middle 17.2 fan groups are always in the open (working) state. Because the air-cooled fuel cell has an open cathode structure, fresh air (oxygen) needs to be replenished to the cathode through the middle and bottom fan groups, and at the same time, part of the heat generated by the fuel cell is taken away from the cathode; the bottom and middle fan groups will dynamically adjust the fan speed according to the output power requirement of the fuel cell to meet the reaction oxygen supply demand.

[0133] Specifically, if Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat sink provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The heat sink 12 includes an evaporation area 12.1 and a condensation area 12.2.

[0134] Specifically, if Figure 5 As shown in Figures (a) to (c), the front channel heating plate 5 and the rear channel heating plate 7 are respectively close to the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device 4 and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device 6, wherein the liquid hydrogen vaporization device 4 includes a liquid hydrogen flow channel 4.1 and a heat-conducting fin 4.2; the heating power can be controlled by the fuel cell system controller (FCU) 14, and the temperature closed-loop control can be achieved by monitoring the hydrogen temperature through the new hydrogen temperature sensor 20.

[0135] Specifically, the new hydrogen pressure sensor 19 reads the new hydrogen pressure at all times, adjusts the opening of the pressure regulating valve 9 according to working conditions, and implements closed-loop control through the new hydrogen pressure sensor 19.

[0136] Specifically, the anode adopts a dead-end mode, and the nitrogen and water in the anode are discharged by controlling the exhaust valve 10 (mainly referring to the Purge valve in the embodiment of the present invention) to be intermittently opened.

[0137] like Figure 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a control device for a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0138] at least one processor;

[0139] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0140] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the control method steps of the above method embodiment.

[0141] Among them, the memory is a non-transient computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. The memory may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory optionally includes a remote memory remotely arranged relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include but are not limited to the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network and a combination thereof.

[0142] It can be seen that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present device embodiments. The functions specifically implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0143] In addition, embodiments of the present application further disclose a computer program product or computer program, which is stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer program from the computer-readable storage medium and execute the computer program, causing the computer device to perform the above-described method.

[0144] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program executable by a processor. When executed by the processor, the program is used to implement the above-described method. Similarly, the contents of the above-described method embodiment are applicable to the present storage medium embodiment. The functions implemented by the present storage medium embodiment are the same as those of the above-described method embodiment, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above-described method embodiment.

[0145] It is understood that all or some steps, systems in the disclosed method above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware and appropriate combinations thereof. Some physical components or all physical components can be implemented as software by a processor, such as a central processing unit, a digital signal processor or a microprocessor, or implemented as hardware, or implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, and the computer-readable medium can include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or temporary media). As known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the term computer storage medium is included in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data) and is volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media. Computer storage media includes but is not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassette, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or can be used to store desired information and any other medium that can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, as is well known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically embodies computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.

[0146] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a fuel cell system, characterized in that: The fuel cell system includes a fan group, a fuel cell stack, and a liquid hydrogen tank, a three-way valve, a liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and a buffer tank connected in sequence; the liquid hydrogen vaporization device includes a first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and a second liquid hydrogen vaporization device, the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located between the fan group and one side of the fuel cell stack, and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device is located on the other side of the fuel cell stack. The control method includes: Obtaining the stack temperature of the fuel cell stack; obtaining the temperature of the new hydrogen at the outlet of the buffer tank; obtaining the ambient temperature of the fuel cell system; Determining whether the temperature of the battery stack meets a first preset temperature range, and obtaining a first determination result; Determining whether the new hydrogen temperature meets a second preset temperature range, and obtaining a second determination result; Determining whether the ambient temperature meets a third preset temperature range, and obtaining a third determination result; Based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result, the heat dissipation capacity and / or the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system are adjusted.

2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein: The first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are both provided with heating plates; and the step of adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and / or liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system includes: Adjusting the fan speed of the fan group; and / or, adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device by means of the three-way valve; and / or, adjusting the heating power of the heating plate.

3. The control method according to claim 2, wherein: The adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result includes: If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is lower than a preset minimum stack temperature, the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system are adjusted according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result.

4. The control method according to claim 3, wherein: Adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and the liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system according to the second judgment result and the third judgment result includes: If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is greater than the preset minimum ambient temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is adjusted to the minimum speed, and the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are adjusted to the preset maximum threshold value; if the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature; If the third judgment result is that the ambient temperature is lower than the minimum preset ambient temperature, the fan group is turned off, the heating plate is started, and the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device are adjusted to the preset maximum threshold value; if the second judgment result after adjustment is that the new hydrogen temperature does not meet the preset new hydrogen temperature range, the heating power of the heating plate is adjusted until the new hydrogen temperature meets the preset new hydrogen temperature range.

5. The control method according to claim 2, wherein: The adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result includes: If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature is higher than the preset maximum stack temperature, adjusting the fan group speed of the fan group to the minimum speed, adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporizer to the preset minimum threshold, and adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporizer to the preset maximum threshold; Determining whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature meets a second preset temperature range, and obtaining the adjusted determination result; Based on the adjusted judgment result, the liquid hydrogen supply flow rates of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group are adjusted again.

6. The control method according to claim 5, wherein: The re-adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device and the fan speed of the fan group includes: If the adjusted judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, it is again judged whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature; If the result of the second determination is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the fuel cell stack temperature is greater than the preset maximum fuel cell stack temperature, increase the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, and return to the process of re-determining whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature; If the result of the second determination is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is less than the preset minimum ambient temperature, reducing the liquid hydrogen supply flow of the first liquid hydrogen vaporization device, increasing the fan speed of the fan group, and returning to the process of re-determining whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature; If the result of the second determination is that the new hydrogen temperature is less than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the ambient temperature is greater than the preset minimum ambient temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased, and the process returns to executing the second determination of whether the adjusted new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature; If the result of the re-judgment is that the new hydrogen temperature is greater than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature and the stack temperature is less than the preset maximum stack temperature, the adjustment is terminated.

7. The control method according to claim 2, wherein: The adjusting the heat dissipation capacity and liquid hydrogen heating method of the fuel cell system based on the first judgment result, the second judgment result, and the third judgment result includes: If the first judgment result is that the stack temperature meets the first preset temperature range, adjusting the fan speed of the fan group to the minimum wind speed, and adjusting the liquid hydrogen supply flow rate of the second liquid hydrogen vaporization device to the preset maximum threshold; If the adjusted second judgment result is that the new hydrogen temperature is lower than the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature, the fan speed of the fan group is increased until the new hydrogen temperature is greater than or equal to the preset minimum new hydrogen temperature.

8. A control system for a fuel cell system, characterized in that: The control system includes a processor and the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the processor is used to implement the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A control device for a fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; at least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a program executable by a processor, characterized in that: The processor-executable program is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executed by the processor.

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