Feed protection circuit, feed protection method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a feed protection circuit, a feed protection method and a vehicle, the feed protection circuit comprises a feed detection module, the feed detection module comprises a feed judgment unit and a switch unit, a corresponding switch control signal is generated according to a comparison result of a power supply voltage of a first power supply module and a feed threshold voltage, and the feed threshold voltage of the first power supply module is detected. A feed control signal is output according to the switch control signal, different levels of the feed control signal can indicate whether the first power supply module is fed, for example, the high-level feed control signal can be used for indicating that the first power supply module is fed, and electricity supplement needs to be carried out; alternatively, the low-level feed control signal can be used for indicating that the first power supply module does not feed and does not need to be charged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a feeding protection circuit, a feeding protection method and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Currently, most vehicles need to be started regularly. One of the purposes is to recharge the 12V starting power supply to prevent the starting power supply from being powered off and causing the vehicle to fail to start. The vehicles may include fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles.

[0003] However, in order to prevent the vehicle from being unable to start due to the starting power supply being fed, how to determine whether the starting power supply is fed becomes a prerequisite. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a feeding protection circuit, a feeding protection method and a vehicle to solve the technical problem of whether power feeding occurs in a power source.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the first aspect of the present application, a power feeding protection circuit is provided, which includes a power feeding detection module, the power feeding detection module includes a power feeding judgment unit and a switch unit, the power feeding judgment unit is used to generate a corresponding switch control signal according to the comparison result of the power supply voltage of the first power supply module and the power feeding threshold voltage; the switch unit is connected to the power feeding judgment unit and the first power supply module, and the switch unit is used to output a power feeding control signal according to the switch control signal.

[0006] Optionally, the power feeding judgment unit includes an operational amplifier and a reference power supply, a first pin of the operational amplifier is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module, a fourth pin of the operational amplifier is connected to the ground terminal, a second pin of the operational amplifier is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module, and a fifth pin of the operational amplifier is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit; the positive terminal of the reference power supply is connected to the third pin of the operational amplifier, and the negative terminal of the reference power supply is connected to the ground terminal.

[0007] Optionally, the power feeding judgment unit includes a comparator, a reference power supply and a first resistor, the first pin of the comparator is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module, the fourth pin of the comparator is connected to the ground terminal, the second pin of the comparator is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module, and the fifth pin of the comparator is connected to the control terminal of the switching unit; the positive terminal of the reference power supply is connected to the third pin of the comparator, and the negative terminal of the reference power supply is connected to the ground terminal; one end of the first resistor is connected to the fifth pin of the comparator, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module.

[0008] Optionally, the power feeding determination unit further includes a second resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the fifth pin of the comparator, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the control end of the switch unit.

[0009] Optionally, the power feeding detection module further includes a first voltage dividing unit, an input end of the first voltage dividing unit is connected to the positive power supply end of the first power supply module, and an output end of the first voltage dividing unit is connected to the input end of the power feeding judgment unit.

[0010] Optionally, the first voltage divider unit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a first capacitor, one end of the third resistor is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module; one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the other end of the third resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the ground terminal; one end of the first capacitor is connected to the other end of the third resistor, one end of the fourth resistor and the input end of the power feeding judgment unit, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the ground terminal.

[0011] Optionally, the power feeding judgment unit includes a first transistor, a fifth resistor and a second capacitor, the first electrode of the first transistor is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power supply module, and the control electrode of the first transistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor; one end of the fifth resistor is connected to the second electrode of the first transistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the ground terminal; one end of the second capacitor is connected to one end of the fifth resistor and the control end of the switching unit, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the ground terminal.

[0012] Optionally, the switch unit includes a second transistor, a first electrode of the second transistor is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module, a control electrode of the second transistor is connected to the output terminal of the feeding judgment unit, and a second electrode of the second transistor is used to output a feeding control signal.

[0013] Optionally, the feed control signal includes a first control signal, the feed judgment unit also includes an anti-backflow output unit, the input end of the anti-backflow output unit is connected to the second electrode of the second transistor, and the output end of the anti-backflow output unit is used to output the first control signal.

[0014] Optionally, the anti-backflow output unit includes a first diode, an anode of the first diode is connected to the output end of the switch unit, and a cathode of the first diode is used to output the first control signal.

[0015] Optionally, the anti-backflow output unit further includes a sixth resistor, one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and the other end of the sixth resistor is used to output the first control signal.

[0016] Optionally, the feeding control signal further includes a second control signal, the feeding determination unit further includes a second voltage dividing unit, the input end of the second voltage dividing unit is connected to the output end of the switch unit, and the output end of the second voltage dividing unit is used to output the second control signal.

[0017] Optionally, the second voltage divider unit includes a seventh resistor and an eighth resistor, one end of the seventh resistor is connected to the second electrode of the second transistor; one end of the eighth resistor is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor and outputs a second control signal, and the other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the ground end.

[0018] Optionally, the feeding protection circuit also includes a first power supply module, a power supply management module, a control module and a second power supply module, the positive power terminal of the first power supply module is connected to the feeding detection module, and the negative power terminal of the first power supply module is connected to the ground terminal; the positive power input terminal of the power supply management module is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power supply module, the negative power terminal of the power supply management module is connected to the ground terminal, and the enable terminal of the power supply management module is connected to the first control signal; the positive power terminal of the control module is connected to the positive power output terminal of the power supply management module, the input terminal of the control module is connected to the second control signal, and the negative power terminal of the control module is connected to the ground terminal; the enable terminal of the second power supply module is connected to the first output terminal of the control module, the positive power terminal of the second power supply module is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power supply module, and the negative power terminal of the second power supply module is connected to the ground terminal.

[0019] Optionally, the power feeding protection circuit also includes an isolation transformer module, an enable end of the isolation transformer module is connected to the second output end of the control module, the positive power input end of the isolation transformer module is connected to the positive power end of the second power module, the negative power end of the isolation transformer module is connected to the ground end, and the positive power output end of the isolation transformer module is connected to the positive power end of the first power module.

[0020] Optionally, the second power supply module includes an output enable module and a high-voltage power supply, the enable end of the output enable module is connected to the first output end of the control module, and the positive power input end of the output enable module is connected to the second power supply end; the output enable end of the high-voltage power supply is connected to the positive power output end of the output enable module, the negative power end of the high-voltage power supply is connected to the ground end, and the positive power end of the high-voltage power supply is connected to the positive power input end of the isolation transformer module.

[0021] Optionally, the power feeding protection circuit also includes a first switch and a second diode, one end of the first switch is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module; the anode of the second diode is connected to the other end of the first switch, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present application, a feeding protection method is provided, which is applied to the above-mentioned feeding protection circuit, and the feeding protection method includes: generating a corresponding switch control signal according to a comparison result between a power supply voltage of a first power supply module and a feeding threshold voltage; and outputting a feeding control signal according to the switch control signal.

[0023] Optionally, the feeding protection method further includes: configuring the feeding control signal to include a first control signal and a second control signal; enabling the power management module according to the first control signal; and activating the control module according to the second control signal.

[0024] Optionally, the power feeding protection method further includes: according to the second control signal, the control module determines whether the current operation mode is in the power feeding protection mode; when in the power feeding protection mode, the control module switches to the charging mode.

[0025] Optionally, when in the feeding protection mode, the control module switches to the charging mode, including: in the charging mode, the control module controls the second power module to supplement power for the first power module.

[0026] Optionally, the power feeding protection method further includes: the control module determines whether the charging of the first power module is completed; and when the charging of the first power module is completed, the charging is terminated.

[0027] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle comprising the above-mentioned feeder protection circuit.

[0028] The feeding protection circuit, feeding protection method and vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application generate a corresponding switch control signal according to the comparison result of the power supply voltage of the first power module and the feeding threshold voltage, and output a feeding control signal according to the switch control signal. The different levels of the feeding control signal can indicate whether the first power module has been fed. For example, a high-level feeding control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module has been fed and needs to be supplemented with power; or, a low-level feeding control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module has not been fed and does not need to be supplemented with power.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0031] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same figure numbers represent the same parts in the following description.

[0032] Figure 1 is a principle block diagram of a feed detection module provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a first circuit schematic diagram of a feed detection module provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 3 4 is a second circuit schematic diagram of a feed detection module provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 4 4 is a third circuit schematic diagram of the feed detection module provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 5 4 is a fourth circuit schematic diagram of the feed detection module provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a fifth circuit schematic diagram of the feed detection module provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 7 4 is a sixth circuit schematic diagram of a feed detection module provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 8 It is a principle block diagram of a feed protection circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Fig. 9 is a circuit schematic diagram of a feeder protection circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Fig.10 It is a flow chart of a feed protection circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Fig.11 is a flowchart of a feeder protection circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Description of reference numerals:

[0044] 10. A first power module;

[0045] 20. Power feeding detection module; 21. First voltage dividing unit; 22. Power feeding judgment unit; 23. Switch unit; 24. Second voltage dividing unit; 25. Backflow prevention output unit;

[0046] 30. Power management module;

[0047] 40. Control module;

[0048] 50. Second power supply module; 51. Output enable module; 52. High voltage power supply;

[0049] 60. Isolation transformer module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] In traditional technology, fuel vehicles need to be started regularly. One of the purposes is to use the power generation module on the vehicle to charge the low-voltage power supply (small battery) to prevent the vehicle from being unable to start after the low-voltage power supply is fed. For most new energy vehicles, this feeding method is also continued to be used. After the vehicle is started, the low-voltage power supply is charged through a higher-capacity high-voltage power supply (power battery). However, this feeding method cannot achieve feeding protection for the low-voltage power supply when the vehicle is in sleep mode.

[0052] Regarding the feeding protection of low-voltage power supply, there are also some other schemes being implemented. For example, when the low-voltage power supply is close to the feeding, the output of the low-voltage power supply is disconnected by a relay. Due to the loss of energy storage, this scheme not only has a limited protection time, but also after the output of the low-voltage power supply is disconnected, the subsequent power consumption system will face great difficulties when it needs to be restarted.

[0053] Based on this, this embodiment provides a feeding protection circuit 100, see Figures 1 to 9 ,like Figure 1 As shown, the power feeding protection circuit 100 includes a power feeding detection module 20, the power feeding detection module 20 includes a power feeding judgment unit 22 and a switch unit 23, the power feeding judgment unit 22 is used to generate a corresponding switch control signal according to the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power supply module 10 and the power feeding threshold voltage; the switch unit 23 is connected to the power feeding judgment unit 22 and the first power supply module 10, and the switch unit 23 is used to output a power feeding control signal according to the switch control signal.

[0054] It can be understood that the feeding protection circuit 100 provided in this embodiment generates a corresponding switch control signal according to the comparison result of the power supply voltage of the first power supply module 10 and the feeding threshold voltage, and outputs a feeding control signal according to the switch control signal. The different levels of the feeding control signal can indicate whether the first power supply module 10 is fed. For example, a high-level feeding control signal can be used to indicate that the first power supply module 10 is fed (in a feeding protection state) and needs to be supplemented with power; or, a low-level feeding control signal can be used to indicate that the first power supply module 10 is not fed (not in a feeding protection state) and does not need to be supplemented with power.

[0055] It should be noted that the positive power terminal (12VBET+) of the first power module 10 can provide the power voltage of the first power module 10. The positive power terminal of the first power module 10 is connected to the input terminal of the power feeding judgment unit 22 and the input terminal of the switch unit 23, the output terminal of the power feeding judgment unit 22 is connected to the control terminal of the switch unit 23, and the output terminal of the switch unit 23 is used to output a power feeding control signal.

[0056] Among them, when the power supply voltage of the first power supply module 10 drops below the power feeding threshold voltage, the power feeding judgment unit 22 controls the switch unit 23 to be turned on to output a high-level power feeding control signal; or, when the switch unit 23 is disconnected, the switch unit 23 can output a low-level power feeding control signal.

[0057] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the feeding judgment unit 22 includes an operational amplifier U2 and a reference power supply REF1, the first pin (1) of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power supply module 10, the fourth pin (4) of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the ground terminal GND, the second pin (2) of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power supply module 10, and the fifth pin (5) of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the control terminal of the switch unit 23; the positive terminal of the reference power supply REF1 is connected to the third pin (3) of the operational amplifier U2, and the negative terminal of the reference power supply REF1 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0058] It should be noted that the reference voltage Vref provided by the reference power supply REF1 can be the above-mentioned feeding threshold voltage. Different from the comparator U1, the operational amplifier U2 does not need a pull-up resistor, and directly outputs a high-level or low-level switch control signal according to the comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power supply module 10 and the feeding threshold voltage. Among them, the high level is the upper voltage rail, that is, the power supply voltage of the first power supply module 10, which can control the switch unit 23 to be disconnected; the low level is the potential of the lower voltage rail, that is, the ground terminal GND, which can control the switch unit 23 to be turned on.

[0059] In one embodiment, if Figure 3As shown, the feeding judgment unit 22 includes a comparator U1, a reference power supply REF1 and a first resistor R3, the first pin (1) of the comparator U1 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10, the fourth pin (4) of the comparator U1 is connected to the ground terminal GND, the second pin (2) of the comparator U1 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10, and the fifth pin (5) of the comparator U1 is connected to the control end of the switch unit 23; the positive end of the reference power supply REF1 is connected to the third pin (3) of the comparator U1, and the negative end of the reference power supply REF1 is connected to the ground terminal GND; one end of the first resistor R3 is connected to the fifth pin (5) of the comparator U1, and the other end of the first resistor R3 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10.

[0060] It should be noted that the first resistor R3 can pull up the output potential of the comparator U1. The second pin (2) and the third pin (3) are two input pins of the comparator U1. When the voltage of the second pin (2) is greater than the voltage of the third pin (3), the fifth pin (5) of the comparator U1 is disconnected internally, and cooperates with the pull-up of the first resistor R3 to output a high level to the upper voltage rail, and the switch unit 23 is disconnected; conversely, when the voltage of the second pin (2) is less than the voltage of the third pin (3), the fifth pin (5) of the comparator U1 is grounded internally to output a low level, and the switch unit 23 is turned on.

[0061] In one embodiment, if Figure 6 As shown, the feeding determination unit 22 further includes a second resistor R4 , one end of the second resistor R4 is connected to the fifth pin ( 5 ) of the comparator U1 , and the other end of the second resistor R4 is connected to the control end of the switch unit 23 .

[0062] It should be noted that the second resistor R4 can play a role in reducing the voltage to improve the conduction degree of the switch unit 23 .

[0063] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the feeding detection module 20 also includes a first voltage dividing unit 21 , the input end of the first voltage dividing unit 21 is connected to the positive power end of the first power module 10 , and the output end of the first voltage dividing unit 21 is connected to the input end of the feeding judgment unit 22 .

[0064] It should be noted that the first voltage dividing unit 21 can divide the power supply voltage of the first power supply module 10 and then output the divided voltage to the power feeding determination unit 22 .

[0065] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the first voltage divider unit 21 includes a third resistor RF1 and a fourth resistor RF2, one end of the third resistor RF1 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10; one end of the fourth resistor RF2 is connected to the other end of the third resistor RF1, and the other end of the fourth resistor RF2 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0066] In one embodiment, if Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the first voltage divider unit 21 also includes a first capacitor C1, one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the third resistor RF1, one end of the fourth resistor RF2 and the input end of the feeding judgment unit 22, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the ground end GND.

[0067] It should be noted that the feeding threshold voltage can be exemplarily 10.5V, the resistance value of the third resistor RF1 can be set to 140KΩ, and the resistance value of the fourth resistor RF2 can be set to 1.96MΩ. When the power supply voltage of the first power supply module 10 reaches the feeding threshold voltage, i.e. 10.5V, the voltage difference across the third resistor RF1 is 0.7V, and the feeding judgment unit 22 can determine that the first power supply module 10 needs to be recharged.

[0068] In one embodiment, if Figure 7 As shown, the feeding judgment unit 22 includes a first transistor Q2, a fifth resistor R2 and a second capacitor C2. The first electrode of the first transistor Q2 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10, and the control electrode of the first transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor RF2; one end of the fifth resistor R2 is connected to the second electrode of the first transistor Q2, and the other end of the fifth resistor R2 is connected to the ground terminal GND; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R2 and the control end of the switch unit 23, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0069] It should be noted that the first transistor Q2 can be a P-channel bipolar junction transistor or a field effect transistor. The first electrode can be an emitter or a source electrode, the second electrode can be a collector or a drain electrode, and the control electrode can be a base electrode or a gate electrode. When the voltage at the positive end of the power supply of the first power supply module 10 reaches the feed voltage protection threshold, i.e., 10.5V, the voltage difference across the third resistor RF1 is 0.7V, at which time the first transistor Q2 is turned off, and the switch unit 23 can be controlled to be turned on and output a high level.

[0070] In one embodiment, if Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the switch unit 23 includes a second transistor Q1, a first electrode of the second transistor Q1 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10, a control electrode of the second transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the feeding judgment unit 22, and a second electrode of the second transistor Q1 is used to output a feeding control signal.

[0071] It should be noted that the second transistor Q1 may be a P-channel bipolar junction transistor or a field effect transistor. The first electrode may be an emitter or a source, the second electrode may be a collector or a drain, and the control electrode may be a base or a gate.

[0072] In one embodiment, if Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the feeding control signal includes a first control signal, and the feeding judgment unit 22 also includes an anti-backflow output unit 25, the input end of the anti-backflow output unit 25 is connected to the second electrode of the second transistor Q1, and the output end of the anti-backflow output unit 25 is used to output the first control signal.

[0073] It should be noted that the backflow prevention output unit 25 can prevent the current at the output end of the backflow prevention output unit 25 from flowing back to the front end of the backflow prevention output unit 25 when the system is powered on normally, thereby causing misjudgment of the feed protection.

[0074] In one embodiment, if Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the anti-backflow output unit 25 includes a first diode D2, an anode of the first diode D2 is connected to the output end of the switch unit 23, and a cathode of the first diode D2 is used to output a first control signal.

[0075] It should be noted that the first diode D2 can prevent the current from flowing into the seventh resistor RF3 and the eighth resistor RF4 through the first switch S1 and the second diode D1 when the system is powered on normally, thereby raising the output voltage of the second voltage divider unit 24 and causing misjudgment of the control module 40.

[0076] In one embodiment, if Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the anti-backflow output unit 25 further includes a sixth resistor R1 , one end of the sixth resistor R1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D2 , and the other end of the sixth resistor R1 is used to output the first control signal.

[0077] It should be noted that the sixth resistor R1 can play the role of voltage clamping and current limiting, and is used to wake up the power management module 30.

[0078] In one embodiment, if Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the feeding control signal also includes a second control signal, and the feeding judgment unit 22 also includes a second voltage dividing unit 24, the input end of the second voltage dividing unit 24 is connected to the output end of the switch unit 23, and the output end of the second voltage dividing unit 24 is used to output the second control signal.

[0079] It should be noted that the second control signal can also become a mode selection signal (Mode_CS). After adding the second voltage divider unit 24, it is not necessary to collect an accurate voltage value. It is only necessary to determine whether the output voltage of the second voltage divider unit 24 is a high level or a low level to determine whether the system is self-started by the power supply of the first power supply module 10 or by normal power-on by the user.

[0080] In one embodiment, if Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the second voltage divider unit 24 includes a seventh resistor RF3 and an eighth resistor RF4, one end of the seventh resistor RF3 is connected to the second electrode of the second transistor Q1; one end of the eighth resistor RF4 is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor RF3 and outputs a second control signal, and the other end of the eighth resistor RF4 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0081] It should be noted that it is only necessary to determine whether the voltage across the eighth resistor RF4 is high or low to determine whether the system is self-started by the power supply of the first power module 10 or is normally powered on by the user.

[0082] In summary, the first voltage divider unit 21 divides the voltage at the positive end of the power supply of the first power supply module 10, and the power feeding judgment unit 22 compares the voltage at the positive end of the power supply of the first power supply module 10 after voltage division with the size of the power feeding voltage protection threshold. When the voltage at the positive end of the power supply of the first power supply module 10 after voltage division is less than or equal to the power feeding voltage protection threshold, the power feeding judgment unit 22 controls the switch unit 23 to be in the on state, and then wakes up the power management module 30 through the anti-backflow output unit 25 to provide a normal working voltage for the control module 40; the output port of the second voltage divider unit 24 is connected to the control module 40, and is used to determine whether the system is normally started by the user or self-started by the first power supply module 10. When the user starts normally, the output port of the second voltage divider unit 24 is low level, and when the first power supply module 10 is self-started by power feeding, the port is high level.

[0083] In one embodiment, if Figure 8 , Fig. 9As shown, the feeding protection circuit 100 also includes a first power module 10, a power management module 30, a control module 40 and a second power module 50. The positive power terminal of the first power module 10 is connected to the feeding detection module 20, and the negative power terminal of the first power module 10 is connected to the ground terminal GND; the positive power input terminal of the power management module 30 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10, the negative power terminal of the power management module 30 is connected to the ground terminal GND, and the enable terminal of the power management module 30 is connected to the first control signal; the positive power terminal of the control module 40 is connected to the positive power output terminal of the power management module 30, the input terminal of the control module 40 is connected to the second control signal, and the negative power terminal of the control module 40 is connected to the ground terminal GND; the enable terminal of the second power module 50 is connected to the first output terminal of the control module 40, the positive power terminal of the second power module 50 is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module 10, and the negative power terminal of the second power module 50 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0084] It can be understood that the power feeding protection circuit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can enable the power management module 30 to enter the working mode to provide the control module 40 with a working voltage when the power feeding detection module 20 detects that the first power supply module 10 is being fed. The power feeding detection module 20 notifies the control module 40 of the power feeding status of the first power supply module 10, and the control module 40 enables the second power supply module 50 to enter the working mode accordingly. The second power supply module 50 can replenish power for the first power supply module 10 through its own voltage. In this way, the first power supply module 10 can be replenished even in the sleep state, thereby avoiding the first power supply module 10 from being fed when the sleep time is extended.

[0085] It should be noted that the first power module 10 and the second power module 50 can be, but are not limited to, a single battery, and can also be a system consisting of a battery, an internal combustion engine, a fuel cell, etc. and a power generation device. The first power module 10 and the second power module 50 do not specifically refer to two power sources, and can also be three or more power modules consisting of multiple power sources.

[0086] Among them, the first power module 10 and the second power module 50 do not need to be limited in terms of capacity and voltage, because even if the capacity and voltage of the second power module 50 are lower than those of the first power module 10, the voltage of the second power module 50 can be converted by the isolation transformer module 60 to charge the first power module 10. Preferably, the capacity and voltage of the second power module 50 are higher than those of the first power module 10 to provide a longer sustainable sleep time without causing the first power module 10 to be fed.

[0087] The power feeding detection module 20 may output a high level, a low level, a high impedance state or other signals different from those before power feeding to determine whether the first power supply module 10 is feeding power.

[0088] The control module 40 may be a microcontroller unit (MCU), a digital signal processor (DSP) or a main control composed of other processors, wherein the number of the processors may be one or more.

[0089] In one embodiment, if Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the feed protection circuit 100 also includes an isolation transformer module 60, an enable end of the isolation transformer module 60 is connected to the second output end of the control module 40, a positive power input end of the isolation transformer module 60 is connected to the positive power end of the second power module 50, a negative power end of the isolation transformer module 60 is connected to the ground end GND, and a positive power output end of the isolation transformer module 60 is connected to the positive power end of the first power module 10.

[0090] It should be noted that the isolation transformer module 60 is optional. In the case where the second power module 50 can directly charge the first power module 10, the isolation transformer module 60 can be omitted; or, in the case where the output voltage of the second power module 50 needs to be converted before it can charge the first power module 10, the isolation transformer module 60 is required. The control module 40 can enable the second power module 50 to enter the working mode according to the second control signal. The second power module 50 can convert its own voltage through the isolation transformer module 60 to supplement the power of the first power module 10. In this way, the first power module 10 can be supplemented even in the sleep state, so that the first power module 10 can be prevented from feeding when the sleep time is extended.

[0091] The isolation transformer module 60 has the basic function of voltage conversion. The isolation transformer module 60 may be an independent chip or integrated circuit (IC), or a separate device composed of multiple components.

[0092] In one embodiment, if Fig. 9 As shown, the second power supply module 50 includes an output enable module 51 and a high-voltage power supply 52. ​​The enable end of the output enable module 51 is connected to the first output end of the control module 40, and the positive power input end of the output enable module 51 is connected to the second power supply end; the output enable end of the high-voltage power supply 52 is connected to the positive power output end of the output enable module 51, the negative power end of the high-voltage power supply 52 is connected to the ground end GND, and the positive power end of the high-voltage power supply 52 is connected to the positive power input end of the isolation transformer module 60.

[0093] It should be noted that the output enabling module 51 can convert the output voltage of the control module 40 into a voltage capable of enabling the high voltage power supply 52 , thereby enabling the high voltage power supply 52 to be in working state when the first power supply module 10 is powered.

[0094] In one embodiment, if Fig. 9 As shown, the feed protection circuit 100 also includes a first switch S1 and a second diode D1, one end of the first switch S1 is connected to the positive end of the power supply of the first power module 10; the anode of the second diode D1 is connected to the other end of the first switch S1, and the cathode of the second diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D2.

[0095] It should be noted that the first switch S1 and the second diode D1 can form a normal startup circuit. Even if the first power supply module 10 does not need to be powered, the power management module 30 can be directly enabled through the second diode D1 by starting the first switch S1. The second diode D1 can play a role in rectification and backflow prevention.

[0096] It should be noted that, when the voltage at the positive power terminal of the first power module 10 after voltage division is greater than the reference voltage Vref, it means that the voltage at the positive power terminal of the first power module 10 is greater than the feeding voltage protection threshold; when the voltage at the positive power terminal of the first power module 10 after voltage division is less than or equal to the reference voltage Vref, it means that the voltage at the positive power terminal of the first power module 10 is less than or equal to the feeding voltage protection threshold, and the switch unit 23 is controlled to be in the on state.

[0097] Specifically, when the voltage at the inverting input terminal of the comparator U1 is higher than the reference voltage Vref, the output terminal of the comparator U1 is internally disconnected and presents a high impedance state. At this time, the second transistor Q1 is turned off, the first low-voltage power supply feed signal provided to the power management module 30 is low level, the power management module 30 is not enabled, the second low-voltage power supply feed signal provided to the control module 40 is 0 voltage, and the control module 40 is not activated. When the voltage at the inverting input terminal of the comparator U1 is lower than the reference voltage Vref, the output terminal of the comparator U1 is internally grounded, the second transistor Q1 is turned on, the first low-voltage power supply feed signal provided to the power management module 30 is high level, the power management module 30 is enabled, the second low-voltage power supply feed signal provided to the control module 40 is the corresponding divided voltage, and the control module 40 is activated.

[0098] Fig. 9It is a circuit schematic diagram of the feed protection circuit 100 provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Among them, the first power supply module 10 has a positive power terminal (+) and a negative power terminal (-). The positive power terminal (+) of the first power supply module 10 is also called 12VBET+. Exemplarily, when fully charged, the voltage of the positive power terminal of the first power supply module 10 is 12V, and the actual voltage may be slightly higher. Among them, the first power supply module 10 can also be called a low-voltage power supply. The low-voltage power supply is used to power the vehicle start-up and the low-voltage control module 40, and is also the target device protected by this application.

[0099] The power management module 30 has a positive power input terminal (Vin), a negative power terminal (GND), an enable terminal (EN1) and a positive power output terminal (Vout). The first power supply terminal VIN1 can be an external power supply terminal or a positive power terminal of the first power module 10. The voltage of the positive power output terminal can be exemplarily +3.3V.

[0100] The control module 40 has a positive power terminal (VCC), an input terminal (I / O3), a negative power terminal (GND), a first output terminal (I / O1) and a second output terminal (I / O2), and the control module 40 optionally has an analog-to-digital conversion function.

[0101] The enable terminal of the second power module 50 is the enable terminal (EN) of the output enable module 51, the negative power terminal of the second power module 50 is the negative power terminal (-) of the high-voltage power supply 52, the positive power terminal of the second power module 50 is the positive power terminal (+) of the high-voltage power supply 52, the output enable module 51 also has a positive power input terminal (VCC) and a positive power output terminal (Vout), and the high-voltage power supply 52 also has an output enable terminal (OUT-EN).

[0102] The isolation transformer module 60 has an enable terminal (EN), a positive power input terminal (Vin), a negative power terminal (GNDA, GNDB), and a positive power output terminal (Vout). The isolation transformer module 60 is used to convert the voltage of the high-voltage power supply 52 into a voltage suitable for charging the low-voltage power supply, and cooperates with the control module 40 to protect and control the charging circuit.

[0103] The power feeding detection module 20 is used to obtain the first low-voltage power supply feeding signal and the second low-voltage power supply feeding signal. The first low-voltage power supply feeding signal is used to enable the power management module 30. The control module 40 collects the second low-voltage power supply feeding signal to judge and run the program of the corresponding mode. If it is judged that the low-voltage power supply is in the power feeding protection state, the set charging mode is run to supplement power for the first power supply module 10.

[0104] In one embodiment, this embodiment provides a feeding protection method, such as Fig.10 As shown, the feeding protection method includes the following steps:

[0105] Step S10: generating a corresponding switch control signal according to a comparison result between the power supply voltage of the first power supply module and the feeding threshold voltage.

[0106] Step S20: outputting a feeding control signal according to the switch control signal.

[0107] It can be understood that the power feeding protection method provided in the embodiment of the present application generates a corresponding switch control signal based on the comparison result of the power supply voltage of the first power supply module 10 and the power feeding threshold voltage, and outputs a power feeding control signal according to the switch control signal. The different levels of the power feeding control signal can indicate whether the first power supply module 10 is powered. For example, a high-level power feeding control signal can be used to indicate that the first power supply module 10 is powered (in a power feeding protection state) and needs to be supplemented with power; or, a low-level power feeding control signal can be used to indicate that the first power supply module 10 is not powered (not in a power feeding protection state) and does not need to be supplemented with power.

[0108] Fig.11 1 is a flowchart of a feeder protection circuit 100 provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. It describes a feeder protection method, which includes:

[0109] Real-time voltage detection: The voltage across the first power supply module 10 is detected in real time through the power supply detection module 20 .

[0110] Determine whether the feed voltage is close to the power supply: that is, determine whether the voltage of the low-voltage power supply is less than or equal to the feed voltage protection threshold. If not, that is, there is no feed voltage close to the power supply, return to the step of "real-time voltage detection".

[0111] If yes, that is, close to the feeding voltage, the power management module 30 is enabled to activate the control module 40. The feeding control signal includes a first control signal and a second control signal, and the power management module 30 can be enabled according to the first control signal, and the control module 40 can be activated according to the second control signal.

[0112] The control module 40 determines whether it is in the power feeding protection mode. If it is not in the power feeding protection mode, it is considered that the vehicle is in a normal starting state and runs in a normal working mode.

[0113] If it is in the feeding protection mode, the charging mode is operated, that is, the high-voltage power supply 52 and the isolation transformer module 60 are in working state to charge the low-voltage power supply. According to the second control signal, the control module 40 determines whether the current operation mode is in the feeding protection mode; when it is in the feeding protection mode, the control module 40 switches to the charging mode. In the charging mode, the control module 40 controls the second power module 50 to supplement the power of the first power module 10.

[0114] Determine whether charging is completed: During the above charging process, determine whether the charging of the low-voltage power supply is completed according to the set charging completion conditions. If charging is not completed, continue to perform the step "Run Charging Mode".

[0115] If charging is completed, charging is terminated, that is, the current power feeding protection is completed. The control module 40 determines whether charging of the first power module 10 is completed; if charging of the first power module 10 is completed, charging is terminated.

[0116] In summary, this application uses a set of independently working power feeding protection schemes to enable new energy vehicles to charge the nearby low-voltage power supply (low-voltage battery) through the vehicle's high-voltage power supply 52 (high-voltage power battery) even after the vehicle is locked, thereby ensuring that the low-voltage battery has sufficient power. This design can greatly extend the power-off sleep time of new energy vehicles, improve the battery management system (BMS) of the entire vehicle, improve the reliability of the vehicle, and has good application prospects.

[0117] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned feed protection circuit 100. The vehicle may be a fuel vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, etc., which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure.

[0118] It can be understood that since the vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a feeding protection circuit 100, it can also generate a corresponding switch control signal based on the comparison result of the power supply voltage of the first power module 10 and the feeding threshold voltage, and output a feeding control signal based on the switch control signal. The different levels of the feeding control signal can indicate whether the first power module 10 is fed. For example, a high-level feeding control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module 10 is fed (in a feeding protection state) and needs to be supplemented; or, a low-level feeding control signal can be used to indicate that the first power module 10 is not fed (not in a feeding protection state) and does not need to be supplemented.

[0119] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0120] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0121] The embodiments, implementation methods and related technical features of the present application can be combined and replaced with each other without conflict.

[0122] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. Although the present application has different focuses on the description of each embodiment, for the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A feed protection circuit, characterized in that: The feed protection circuit comprises a feed detection module (20), and the feed detection module (20) comprises: A power feeding determination unit (22), the power feeding determination unit (22) being used to generate a corresponding switch control signal according to a comparison result between a power supply voltage of the first power supply module (10) and a power feeding threshold voltage; A switch unit (23), the switch unit (23) being connected to the power feeding determination unit (22) and the first power supply module (10), the switch unit (23) being used to output a power feeding control signal according to the switch control signal.

2. The feed protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power feeding determination unit (22) comprises: An operational amplifier (U2), wherein a first pin of the operational amplifier (U2) is connected to a positive power terminal of the first power module (10), a fourth pin of the operational amplifier (U2) is connected to a ground terminal (GND), a second pin of the operational amplifier (U2) is connected to a positive power terminal of the first power module (10), and a fifth pin of the operational amplifier (U2) is connected to a control terminal of the switch unit (23); A reference power supply (REF1), wherein the positive end of the reference power supply (REF1) is connected to the third pin of the operational amplifier (U2), and the negative end of the reference power supply (REF1) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

3. The feed protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power feeding determination unit (22) comprises: A comparator (U1), wherein a first pin of the comparator (U1) is connected to a positive power terminal of the first power module (10), a fourth pin of the comparator (U1) is connected to a ground terminal (GND), a second pin of the comparator (U1) is connected to a positive power terminal of the first power module (10), and a fifth pin of the comparator (U1) is connected to a control terminal of the switch unit (23); A reference power supply (REF1), wherein the positive terminal of the reference power supply (REF1) is connected to the third pin of the comparator (U1), and the negative terminal of the reference power supply (REF1) is connected to the ground terminal (GND); A first resistor (R3), one end of the first resistor (R3) is connected to the fifth pin of the comparator (U1), and the other end of the first resistor (R3) is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module (10).

4. The feed protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power feeding judgment unit (22) further comprises a second resistor (R4), one end of the second resistor (R4) is connected to the fifth pin of the comparator (U1), and the other end of the second resistor (R4) is connected to the control end of the switch unit (23).

5. The feed protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power feeding detection module (20) further comprises a first voltage dividing unit (21), the input end of the first voltage dividing unit (21) being connected to the positive power supply end of the first power supply module (10), and the output end of the first voltage dividing unit (21) being connected to the input end of the power feeding judgment unit (22).

6. The feed protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first voltage dividing unit (21) comprises: a third resistor (RF1), one end of the third resistor (RF1) being connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module (10); a fourth resistor (RF2), one end of the fourth resistor (RF2) being connected to the other end of the third resistor (RF1), and the other end of the fourth resistor (RF2) being connected to a ground terminal (GND); A first capacitor (C1), one end of the first capacitor (C1) is connected to the other end of the third resistor (RF1), one end of the fourth resistor (RF2) and the input end of the feeding judgment unit (22), and the other end of the first capacitor (C1) is connected to the ground end (GND).

7. The feed protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power feeding determination unit (22) comprises: a first transistor (Q2), wherein a first electrode of the first transistor (Q2) is connected to a positive power terminal of the first power module (10), and a control electrode of the first transistor (Q2) is connected to one end of the fourth resistor (RF2); a fifth resistor (R2), one end of the fifth resistor (R2) being connected to the second electrode of the first transistor (Q2), and the other end of the fifth resistor (R2) being connected to a ground terminal (GND); A second capacitor (C2), one end of the second capacitor (C2) is connected to one end of the fifth resistor (R2) and the control end of the switch unit (23), and the other end of the second capacitor (C2) is connected to the ground end (GND).

8. The feed protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The switch unit (23) comprises a second transistor (Q1), a first electrode of the second transistor (Q1) is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the first power module (10), a control electrode of the second transistor (Q1) is connected to the output terminal of the power feeding judgment unit (22), and a second electrode of the second transistor (Q1) is used to output the power feeding control signal.

9. The feed protection circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power feeding control signal comprises a first control signal, and the power feeding judgment unit (22) further comprises an anti-backflow output unit (25), an input end of the anti-backflow output unit (25) is connected to the second electrode of the second transistor (Q1), and an output end of the anti-backflow output unit (25) is used to output the first control signal.

10. The feed protection circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The anti-backflow output unit (25) comprises a first diode (D2), the anode of the first diode (D2) is connected to the output end of the switch unit (23), and the cathode of the first diode (D2) is used to output the first control signal.

11. The feed protection circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The anti-backflow output unit (25) further comprises a sixth resistor (R1), one end of the sixth resistor (R1) is connected to the cathode of the first diode (D2), and the other end of the sixth resistor (R1) is used to output the first control signal.

12. The feed protection circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The feed control signal also includes a second control signal, and the feed judgment unit (22) also includes a second voltage divider unit (24), the input end of the second voltage divider unit (24) is connected to the output end of the switch unit (23), and the output end of the second voltage divider unit (24) is used to output the second control signal.

13. The feed protection circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that: The second voltage dividing unit (24) comprises: a seventh resistor (RF3), one end of the seventh resistor (RF3) being connected to the second electrode of the second transistor (Q1); An eighth resistor (RF4), one end of the eighth resistor (RF4) is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor (RF3) and outputs the second control signal, and the other end of the eighth resistor (RF4) is connected to the ground terminal (GND).

14. The feed protection circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that: The feed protection circuit also includes: The first power module (10), the positive power terminal of the first power module (10) is connected to the power feeding detection module (20), and the negative power terminal of the first power module (10) is connected to the ground terminal (GND); A power management module (30), wherein a positive power input terminal of the power management module (30) is connected to a positive power terminal of the first power module (10), a negative power terminal of the power management module (30) is connected to a ground terminal (GND), and an enable terminal of the power management module (30) is connected to the first control signal; A control module (40), wherein a positive power terminal of the control module (40) is connected to a positive power output terminal of the power management module (30), an input terminal of the control module (40) is connected to the second control signal, and a negative power terminal of the control module (40) is connected to a ground terminal (GND); A second power supply module (50), wherein an enable terminal of the second power supply module (50) is connected to the first output terminal of the control module (40), a positive power terminal of the second power supply module (50) is connected to the positive power terminal of the first power supply module (10), and a negative power terminal of the second power supply module (50) is connected to a ground terminal (GND).

15. The feed protection circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that: The feed protection circuit further comprises an isolation transformer module (60), an enable end of the isolation transformer module (60) being connected to the second output end of the control module (40), a positive power input end of the isolation transformer module (60) being connected to a positive power end of the second power module (50), a negative power end of the isolation transformer module (60) being connected to a ground end (GND), and a positive power output end of the isolation transformer module (60) being connected to a positive power end of the first power module (10).

16. The feed protection circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that: The second power module (50) comprises: An output enabling module (51), wherein an enabling terminal of the output enabling module (51) is connected to a first output terminal of the control module (40), and a positive power input terminal of the output enabling module (51) is connected to a second power supply terminal; A high-voltage power supply (52), wherein an output enable terminal of the high-voltage power supply (52) is connected to a positive power output terminal of the output enable module (51), a negative power terminal of the high-voltage power supply (52) is connected to a ground terminal (GND), and a positive power terminal of the high-voltage power supply (52) is connected to a positive power input terminal of the isolation transformer module (60).

17. The feed protection circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The feed protection circuit also includes: A first switch (S1), one end of the first switch (S1) being connected to the positive power terminal of the first power module (10); A second diode (D1), wherein an anode of the second diode (D1) is connected to the other end of the first switch (S1), and a cathode of the second diode (D1) is connected to a cathode of the first diode (D2).

18. A feeding protection method, characterized in that: Applied to the feeder protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 17, the feeder protection method comprises: Generating a corresponding switch control signal according to a comparison result between a power supply voltage of the first power supply module (10) and a feeding threshold voltage; A feeding control signal is output according to the switch control signal.

19. The feeder protection method according to claim 18, characterized in that: The feeding protection method further includes: Configuring the feeding control signal to include a first control signal and a second control signal; enabling a power management module (30) according to the first control signal; A control module (40) is activated according to the second control signal.

20. The feeder protection method according to claim 19, characterized in that: The feeding protection method further includes: According to the second control signal, the control module (40) determines whether the current operation mode is in a feeding protection mode; When in the feeding protection mode, the control module (40) switches to the charging mode.

21. The feeder protection method according to claim 20, characterized in that: When in the feeding protection mode, the control module (40) switches to the charging mode, comprising: In the charging mode, the control module (40) controls the second power module (50) to supplement power for the first power module (10).

22. The feeder protection method according to claim 21, characterized in that: The feeding protection method further includes: The control module (40) determines whether charging of the first power module (10) is completed; When charging of the first power module (10) is completed, charging is terminated.

23. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the feeder protection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1-17.

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