Field precision fertilization method and device in melon and cotton interplanting mode

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of field fertilization, and discloses a field precise fertilization method and device in a melon and cotton interplanting mode, a fertilizer box is fixed above the front part of a rack by adopting a side frame, a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and a distribution mechanism is arranged in the discharge pipe; when the whole device moves forwards, the linkage mechanism drives the fertilizer throwing disc and the material distributing mechanism to rotate, so that a fertilizer shifting plate shifts a fertilizer in a fertilizer box into a fertilizer quantifying pipe, the fertilizer shifting plate rotates at the joint of the fertilizer box and a discharging pipe to prevent the fertilizer from being accumulated and blocked at the joint, and the fertilizer is stirred by the fertilizer shifting plate, so that the fertilizer can be uniformly distributed in the fertilizer quantifying pipe. The fertilizer falls to the surface of the limiting disc through a gap between the adjacent fixed arms, and under the rotation of the limiting disc, the fertilizer on the surface of the upper end of the limiting disc uniformly enters the fertilizer quantifying pipe through the fertilizer downward leakage through holes; and the fertilizer uniformly falls to the fertilizer throwing disc through the fertilizer quantifying pipe, so that the uniform throwing of the fertilizer is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of field fertilization, and in particular to a field precision fertilization method and device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode. Background Art

[0002] Intercropping of watermelon and cotton makes full use of the spatial ecological niche. By rationally combining the planting of watermelon and cotton, the maximum utilization of light energy, space and time resources is achieved.

[0003] When intercropping melons and cotton in the field, a fertilizing device and a seeder are generally integrated to achieve simultaneous fertilization and sowing. However, when the fertilizing device is in use, the fertilizer is easily clogged due to agglomeration, resulting in uneven fertilizer discharging. In addition, when the fertilizer is discharged, the discharge amount of the fertilizer cannot be controlled. Once the discharge amount is large, the fertilizer will not be spread in time, and the fertilization will be inaccurate, resulting in uneven fertilization. For this reason, we have introduced a method and device for precision fertilization in the field under the melon-cotton intercropping mode. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for precision fertilization in a field under a melon-cotton intercropping mode, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A field precision fertilization device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode comprises a frame, a running wheel and a plurality of guide wheels connected between two sets of running wheels through a rotating shaft are arranged in the middle of the lower end of the frame, a fertilizer box is fixed on the upper front of the frame by a side frame, a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and a material distribution mechanism is arranged inside the discharge pipe;

[0007] The feeding mechanism comprises a vertical shaft, a plurality of fertilizer shifting plates connected to the top of the vertical shaft, a limit plate fixed to the upper part of the vertical shaft, a plurality of fertilizer metering tubes connected to the lower end of the limit plate, a connector fixed to the lower part of the vertical shaft, a spiral blade connected to the top of a rotating rod inside the connector and extending into the fertilizer metering tube, and a gear and a bottom arc blade fixed in sequence after the bottom of the rotating rod extends out of the connector;

[0008] An inner gear ring is fixed to the lower part of the inner wall of the discharge pipe, and the gear is meshed inside the inner gear ring. When the feeding mechanism rotates, the inner gear ring drives the spiral blade to rotate in the fertilizer metering pipe through the gear and the rotating rod;

[0009] The bottom of the vertical shaft extends out of a discharge pipe and is connected to a fertilizer spreading plate;

[0010] The rotating shaft adopts a linkage mechanism to drive the fertilizer spreading disc and the distribution mechanism to rotate, so that the fertilizer shifting plate shifts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the fertilizer metering tube, the spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube out of the fertilizer metering tube, and the fertilizer falls to the fertilizer spreading disc, and the fertilizer spreading disc rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

[0011] Preferably, a vertical plate is fixed to the middle of the lower end of the frame, and both ends of the rotating shaft pass through the vertical plate and are fixed to the middle of the traveling wheel;

[0012] The linkage mechanism includes a first pulley fixed on the rotating shaft, a first spiral bevel gear fixed in the middle of the lower end of the fertilizer spreading plate, a second spiral bevel gear meshed with the bottom of the first spiral bevel gear, a driving shaft fixed in the middle of the second spiral bevel gear, a second pulley connected to the end of the driving shaft, and a belt connected between the first pulley and the second pulley.

[0013] Preferably, the first pulley is located between the outermost guide wheel and the corresponding vertical plate;

[0014] A limiting sleeve is sleeved on the driving shaft, and the side of the limiting sleeve is fixed to the frame by a connecting fixing frame.

[0015] Preferably, a sleeve seat is centrally disposed on the upper side of the discharge pipe, and the side of the sleeve seat is connected to the inner wall of the discharge pipe by a plurality of groups of equally spaced fixed arms;

[0016] The sleeve seat is sleeved on the vertical shaft, and the sleeve seat is located between the upper end of the limit plate and the bottom of the fertilizer shifting plate;

[0017] The top of the vertical shaft extends into the fertilizer box and is welded to the fertilizer shifting plate, and a plurality of groups of fertilizer shifting plates are distributed at equal intervals.

[0018] Preferably, the limiting plate is provided with a plurality of groups of fertilizer leakage through holes which are evenly spaced, and the top of the fertilizer quantitative tube is connected to the corresponding fertilizer leakage through holes.

[0019] Preferably, the outer diameter of the connector gradually decreases from bottom to top, the connector is located directly below the corresponding fertilizer metering tube, and the inner side of the connector is fixed to the outer wall of the vertical shaft by a reinforcing plate.

[0020] Preferably, the outer side of the inner gear ring is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge pipe by using a plurality of groups of connecting arms distributed at equal intervals.

[0021] Preferably, the upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate is gradually convex from the outside to the inside, and a plurality of groups of partition plates are evenly spaced on the upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate.

[0022] Preferably, side baffles are provided on both sides of the front lower end of the frame, and a rear baffle is further provided at the rear between the side baffles on both sides, and the side baffles and the rear baffle block the fertilizer sprinkled by the fertilizer spreading plate from both sides and the rear respectively.

[0023] The present invention also provides a fertilization method of a field precision fertilization device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1. When the frame moves forward, the travel wheel rotates, so that the rotating shaft drives the fertilizer spreading disc and the distribution mechanism to rotate through the linkage mechanism;

[0025] S2. The fertilizer shifting plate connected to the top of the feeding mechanism rotates to shift the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the fertilizer metering tube;

[0026] S3. The spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube out of the fertilizer metering tube, and causes the fertilizer to fall to the fertilizer spreading plate, and the fertilizer spreading plate rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: when the invention moves forward as a whole, the linkage mechanism drives the fertilizer spreading disc and the distribution mechanism to rotate, so that the fertilizer shifting plate shifts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the fertilizer metering tube, and the fertilizer shifting plate rotates at the connection between the fertilizer box and the discharge tube to prevent fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection, and under the shifting of the fertilizer shifting plate on the fertilizer, the fertilizer falls to the surface of the limiting disc through the gap between the adjacent fixed arms, and under the rotation of the limiting disc, the fertilizer on the upper end surface of the limiting disc evenly enters the fertilizer metering tube through the fertilizer leakage through hole; the spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube out of the fertilizer metering tube, so that the fertilizer in the fertilizer box can be avoided from being blocked, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box can be respectively entered into different fertilizer metering tubes, and when the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube is transported to the fertilizer spreading disc under the rotation of the spiral blade, it can be ensured that the fertilizer evenly falls to the fertilizer spreading disc through the fertilizer metering tube, forming a uniform spreading of the fertilizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the present invention as a whole;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the soil covering roller and the frame of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the material distribution mechanism and the fertilizer spreading plate of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another angle;

[0033] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the connection between the seeding drum and the sealing disk of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the temporary seed storage bucket, the L-shaped frame, the extension frame and the seeding drum of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 A third three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1, frame; 2, walking wheel; 3, oblique scraper wheel; 4, side baffle; 5, rear baffle; 6, film retracting roller; 7, guide wheel; 8, seed temporary storage bucket; 9, sowing drum; 10, extension frame; 11, blocking plate; 12, sowing drum; 13, corrugated elbow pipe; 14, L-shaped frame; 15, soil covering drum; 16, fertilizer box; 17, fertilizer spreading plate; 18, side frame; 19, connecting frame; 20, fertilizer dial plate; 21, discharge pipe; 22, rotating shaft; 23, soil leakage slot; 24, vertical plate; 25, walking dial plate; 26, connecting plate; 27, mounting frame; 28, limit ring; 29, reinforcement arm; 30 , horizontal plate; 31, tensioning spring; 32, fixed arm; 33, sleeve seat; 34, limiting plate; 35, fertilizer leakage through hole; 36, fertilizer metering tube; 37, inner gear ring; 38, bottom arc blade; 39, connector; 40, rotating rod; 41, reinforcing plate; 42, connecting arm; 43, spacer plate; 44, gear; 45, vertical shaft; 46, spiral blade; 47, pin shaft; 48, limiting support ring; 50, connecting fixed frame; 51, first spiral bevel gear; 52, second spiral bevel gear; 53, driving shaft; 54, limiting sleeve; 55, second pulley; 56, belt; 57, first pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example:

[0041] See also Figure 1-10 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0042] A field precision fertilization device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode comprises a frame 1. A connecting frame 19 mounted on a traction tractor is provided in the middle of the front end of the frame 1. The traction tractor is a Tianjin Tieniu 654 or 724 tractor, a Xinjiang 704 tractor, an 804 rotary tiller matching tractor or other models that meet the use requirements.

[0043] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, when the traction tractor moves toward the left side in the figure, the traction tractor drives the frame 1 to move forward through the connecting frame 19.

[0044] A running wheel 2 and a plurality of guide wheels 7 connected between two sets of running wheels 2 by a rotating shaft 22 are provided in the middle of the lower end of the frame 1. A vertical plate 24 is fixed to the middle of the lower end of the frame 1. Both ends of the rotating shaft 22 pass through the vertical plate 24 and are fixed to the middle of the running wheel 2.

[0045] A fertilizer box 16 is fixed to the upper front of the frame 1 by a side frame 18, a discharge pipe 21 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box 16, and a material distribution mechanism is provided inside the discharge pipe 21;

[0046] The feeding mechanism includes a vertical shaft 45, a plurality of fertilizer shifting plates 20 connected to the top of the vertical shaft 45, a limit plate 34 fixed to the top of the vertical shaft 45, a plurality of fertilizer metering tubes 36 connected to the bottom of the limit plate 34, a connector 39 fixed to the bottom of the vertical shaft 45, a spiral blade 46 connected to the top of the rotating rod 40 inside the connector 39 and extending into the fertilizer metering tube 36, and a gear 44 and a bottom arc blade 38 fixed in sequence after the bottom of the rotating rod 40 extends out of the connector 39;

[0047] An inner gear ring 37 is fixed to the lower part of the inner wall of the discharge pipe 21, and a gear 44 is meshed inside the inner gear ring 37. When the feeding mechanism rotates, the inner gear ring 37 drives the spiral blade 46 to rotate in the fertilizer metering pipe 36 through the gear 44 and the rotating rod 40;

[0048] A discharge pipe 21 extends out from the bottom of the vertical shaft 45 and is connected to a fertilizer spreading plate 17;

[0049] The linkage mechanism includes a first pulley 57 fixed on the rotating shaft 22, a first spiral bevel gear 51 fixed in the middle of the lower end of the fertilizer spreading disc 17, a second spiral bevel gear 52 meshed with the bottom of the first spiral bevel gear 51, a driving shaft 53 fixed in the middle of the second spiral bevel gear 52, a second pulley 55 connected to the end of the driving shaft 53, and a belt 56 connected between the first pulley 57 and the second pulley 55.

[0050] The first pulley 57 is located between the outermost guide wheel 7 and the corresponding vertical plate 24;

[0051] A limiting sleeve 54 is sleeved on the driving shaft 53 , and a bearing sleeved on the outside of the driving shaft 53 is arranged inside the limiting sleeve 54 . The side of the limiting sleeve 54 is fixed to the frame 1 by a connecting fixing frame 50 .

[0052] The travel wheel 2 drives the rotating shaft 22 and the guide wheel 7 to rotate counterclockwise, and the rotating shaft 22 drives the driving shaft 53 and the second spiral bevel gear 52 on the driving shaft 53 to rotate through the first pulley 57, the belt 56 and the second pulley 55. Since the second spiral bevel gear 52 is meshed with the bottom of the first spiral bevel gear 51, the second spiral bevel gear 52 drives the fertilizer spreading disc 17 to rotate through the first spiral bevel gear 51;

[0053] At the same time, since the fertilizer spreading plate 17, the vertical shaft 45, the fertilizer shifting plate 20, the connector 39, the fertilizer metering tube 36 and the limiting plate 34 are a fixedly connected whole, the whole rotates synchronously.

[0054] A sleeve seat 33 is provided in the center of the upper side of the discharge pipe 21, and the side of the sleeve seat 33 is connected to the inner wall of the discharge pipe 21 by using several groups of fixed arms 32 distributed at equal intervals; the sleeve seat 33 is sleeved on the vertical shaft 45, and the sleeve seat 33 is also provided with a bearing sleeved on the outer side of the vertical shaft 45, and the sleeve seat 33 is located between the upper end of the limit plate 34 and the bottom of the fertilizer dial plate 20; the top of the vertical shaft 45 extends into the fertilizer box 16 and is welded to the fertilizer dial plate 20, and several groups of fertilizer dial plates 20 are distributed at equal intervals.

[0055] The limiting plate 34 is located in the discharge pipe 21 , and the outer diameter of the limiting plate 34 is consistent with the inner diameter of the discharge pipe 21 . The limiting plate 34 is provided with a plurality of fertilizer leakage holes 35 distributed at equal intervals, and the top of the fertilizer quantitative pipe 36 is connected to the corresponding fertilizer leakage holes 35 .

[0056] In this way, when the fertilizer spreading plate 17, the vertical shaft 45, the fertilizer plate 20, the connector 39, the fertilizer metering tube 36 and the limit plate 34 rotate as a whole, the fertilizer plate 20 rotates at the connection between the fertilizer box 16 and the discharge tube 21 to prevent fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection, and the fertilizer plate 20 moves the fertilizer, and the fertilizer falls to the surface of the limit plate 34 through the gap between the adjacent fixed arms 32, and the limit plate 34 rotates, so that the fertilizer on the upper end surface of the limit plate 34 evenly enters the fertilizer metering tube 36 through the fertilizer leakage through hole 35;

[0057] In this way, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 can be prevented from being blocked, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 can be respectively entered into different fertilizer metering tubes 36. When the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tubes 36 is transported to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 under the rotation of the spiral blades 46, it can be ensured that the fertilizer falls evenly to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 through the fertilizer metering tubes 36, thereby forming uniform spreading of the fertilizer.

[0058] The outer diameter of the connector 39 gradually decreases from bottom to top. The connector 39 is located directly below the corresponding fertilizer metering tube 36, and the inner side of the connector 39 is fixed to the outer wall of the vertical shaft 45 by a reinforcing plate 41. A bearing sleeved on the rotating rod 40 is also provided inside the connector 39;

[0059] The outer side of the inner gear ring 37 is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge pipe 21 by using a plurality of groups of connecting arms 42 distributed at equal intervals.

[0060] Since the gear 44 is meshed with the inner gear ring 37, when the feeding mechanism rotates, the inner gear ring 37 drives the spiral blade 46 to rotate in the fertilizer metering tube 36 through the gear 44 and the rotating rod 40, so as to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube 36 to the fertilizer spreading plate 17, and prevent the fertilizer from being blocked in the fertilizer metering tube 36. When the frame 1 moves forward at a uniform speed, the rotation speed of the spiral blade 46 is consistent, which can further ensure that the fertilizer falls evenly to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 through the fertilizer metering tube 36, thereby forming a uniform spreading of the fertilizer.

[0061] The upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate 17 is gradually convex from the outside to the inside, so that the fertilizer evenly falls to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 through the fertilizer metering tube 36 can continue to form a sliding state, and a plurality of groups of partition plates 43 are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate 17, so that the fertilizer can slide down along the channel between adjacent partition plates 43, and under the action of the centrifugal force of the rotation of the fertilizer spreading plate 17, the fertilizer is thrown out through the end of the channel between the adjacent partition plates 43.

[0062] The rotating shaft 22 adopts a linkage mechanism to drive the fertilizer spreading disc 17 and the feeding mechanism to rotate, so that the fertilizer shifting plate 20 shifts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 into the fertilizer metering tube 36, and the spiral blade 46 rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube 36 out of the fertilizer metering tube 36, and makes the fertilizer fall to the fertilizer spreading disc 17, and the fertilizer spreading disc 17 rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

[0063] Since the inner gear ring 37 drives the spiral blade 46 and the bottom arc blade 38 to rotate through the gear 44 and the rotating rod 40, when the fertilizer falls through the bottom of the fertilizer metering tube 36, the bottom arc blade 38 can further disperse the falling fertilizer so that the fertilizer can fall more evenly on the surface of the fertilizer spreading plate 17.

[0064] Side baffles 4 are provided at both sides of the lower end of the front part of the frame 1, and a rear baffle 5 is also provided at the rear part between the side baffles 4 on both sides, and the side baffles 4 and the rear baffle 5 respectively block the fertilizer thrown out of the fertilizer throwing plate 17 from both sides and the rear. A notch is also provided on the rear baffle 5 for passing the top of the belt 56.

[0065] A film retracting roller 6 is provided at the upper front end of the frame 1 and is located behind the fertilizer box 16. When the tractor is working and moving forward, the walking wheel 2 drives the rotating shaft 22 and the guide wheel 7 to rotate counterclockwise, and the guide wheel 7 pulls the film on the film retracting roller 6 downward. At this time, the film retracting roller 6 itself can rotate, which can ensure that the film can be torn off the film retracting roller 6, and when the soil covers both sides of the film, the film is spread flat on the ground soil.

[0066] A soil covering roller 15 is provided at the lower rear part of the frame 1, and a soil leakage groove 23 is provided on the surface of the soil covering roller 15. Limiting rings 28 are sleeved at both ends of the soil covering roller 15, and the top of the limiting ring 28 is fixed to the inner wall of the rear of the frame 1 through a reinforcing arm 29. A plurality of groups of walking plates 25 are provided at equal intervals on the outer sides of both ends of the soil covering roller 15. When the tractor is working and moving forward, the walking plates 25 contact the ground to make the soil covering roller 15 rotate counterclockwise.

[0067] In addition, the two sides of the rear part of the frame 1 are provided with oblique scraping wheels 3 located outside the two ends of the soil covering roller 15, and the upper end of the rear part of the frame 1 is provided with a mounting frame 27, and the oblique scraping wheels 3 are movably connected to the inner side of the bottom of the connecting plate 26, and the connecting plate 26 is fixed with bolts after passing through the mounting frame 27. With this arrangement, the height of the oblique scraping wheels 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the connecting plate 26, and when the oblique scraping wheels 3 move forward with the frame 1, the oblique scraping wheels 3 can scrape up the soil on the ground, covering part of the soil on both sides of the film, and the other part of the soil enters the outer end of the soil covering roller 15;

[0068] As the soil covering roller 15 rotates counterclockwise, the soil inside the roller 15 falls onto the surface of the film through the soil leakage grooves 23 at the bottom, thereby compacting the film.

[0069] L-shaped frames 14 are evenly spaced at the rear end of the frame 1, a seed temporary storage bucket 8 is fixed to the rear end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped frame 14, an extension frame 10 is movably connected to the bottom of the vertical part of the L-shaped frame 14 by a pin 47, and blocking plates 11 are fixed to the inner walls of both sides of the rear end of the extension frame 10, and a limit support ring 48 is provided on the inner wall of the blocking plate 11. The sowing drum 9 between the two groups of blocking plates 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the corresponding limit support ring 48, and a plurality of groups of sowing material barrels 12 are evenly spaced on the surface of the sowing drum 9;

[0070] Both sides of the bottom of the seed temporary storage bucket 8 are connected to the blocking plate 11 by using corrugated curved pipes 13, so that the sowing drum 9 is connected with the seed temporary storage bucket 8 through the corrugated curved pipes 13.

[0071] In the specific melon-cotton interplanting mode, melon and fruit (watermelon, etc.) seeds are put into the seed temporary storage bucket 8 in the middle position, and cotton seeds are put into the seed temporary storage buckets 8 on both sides.

[0072] A horizontal plate 30 is fixed on the upper side of the vertical part of the L-shaped frame 14, and a tensioning spring 31 is connected between the horizontal plate 30 and the extension frame 10. With this arrangement, under the elastic force of the tensioning spring 31, the seeding roller 9 on the extension frame 10 can be closely attached to the film on the ground, so that when moving forward, the seeding drum 12 on the seeding roller 9 pierces the film and generates friction when it contacts the ground, thereby driving the seeding roller 9 to rotate.

[0073] When the film is pierced at the bottom of the sowing barrel 12 to enter the soil, in order to prevent the ground soil from clogging the sowing barrel 12, a duckbill opener covering the outer side of the bottom of the sowing barrel 12 can be provided on the sowing drum 9. The duckbill opener utilizes a unique duckbill shape design, which can pierce the film and dig a pit in the soil, and sow seeds into the soil along the pit.

[0074] The present invention also provides a fertilization method of a field precision fertilization device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1. When the frame 1 moves forward, the travel wheel 2 rotates, so that the rotating shaft 22 drives the fertilizer spreading disc 17 and the material distribution mechanism to rotate through the linkage mechanism;

[0076] S2, the fertilizer shifting plate 20 connected to the top of the feeding mechanism rotates to shift the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 into the fertilizer metering pipe 36;

[0077] S3. The spiral blade 46 rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube 36 out of the fertilizer metering tube 36, and makes the fertilizer fall to the fertilizer spreading plate 17. The fertilizer spreading plate 17 rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

[0078] Specifically, when in use, when the tractor drives the frame 1 to move forward, the walking wheel 2 rotates, and the walking wheel 2 drives the rotating shaft 22 and the guide wheel 7 to rotate counterclockwise, and the guide wheel 7 pulls the film on the film retracting roller 6 downward, and at the same time, the inclined scraping wheel 3 can scrape up the ground soil, and cover part of the soil on both sides of the film, so that the film is spread flat on the ground soil, and the other part of the soil enters the outer end of the covering roller 15, and as the covering roller 15 rotates counterclockwise, the soil inside it falls to the surface of the film through the soil leakage groove 23 at the bottom, and the film is compacted;

[0079] The rotating shaft 22 drives the driving shaft 53 and the second spiral bevel gear 52 on the driving shaft 53 to rotate through the first pulley 57, the belt 56 and the second pulley 55. Since the second spiral bevel gear 52 is meshed with the bottom of the first spiral bevel gear 51, the second spiral bevel gear 52 drives the fertilizer spreading disc 17 to rotate through the first spiral bevel gear 51.

[0080] At the same time, since the fertilizer spreading plate 17, the vertical shaft 45, the fertilizer shifting plate 20, the connector 39, the fertilizer metering tube 36 and the limit plate 34 are a fixedly connected whole, the whole rotates synchronously;

[0081] The fertilizer shifting plate 20 rotates at the connection between the fertilizer box 16 and the discharge pipe 21 to prevent fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection. When the fertilizer shifting plate 20 shifts the fertilizer, the fertilizer falls to the surface of the limit plate 34 through the gap between the adjacent fixed arms 32. When the limit plate 34 rotates, the fertilizer on the upper surface of the limit plate 34 evenly enters the fertilizer quantitative pipe 36 through the fertilizer leakage through hole 35.

[0082] In this way, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 can be prevented from being blocked, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 16 can be respectively entered into different fertilizer metering pipes 36. When the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering pipes 36 is transported to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 under the rotation of the spiral blades 46, it can be ensured that the fertilizer evenly falls to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 through the fertilizer metering pipes 36, so that the fertilizer is evenly spread.

[0083] When the fertilizer falls from the bottom of the fertilizer metering tube 36, the bottom arc-shaped blades 38 can further disperse the falling fertilizer so that the fertilizer can fall more evenly on the surface of the fertilizer spreading plate 17;

[0084] The fertilizer uniformly dropped to the fertilizer spreading plate 17 through the fertilizer metering tube 36 can continue to form a downward sliding state, and a plurality of groups of partition plates 43 are evenly spaced on the upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate 17, so that the fertilizer can slide down along the channel between adjacent partition plates 43, and under the action of the centrifugal force of the rotation of the fertilizer spreading plate 17, the fertilizer is scattered out through the end of the channel between adjacent partition plates 43.

[0085] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A field precision fertilization device in a melon-cotton intercropping mode, comprising a frame, a running wheel and a plurality of guide wheels connected between two sets of running wheels through a rotating shaft at the middle of the lower end of the frame, characterized in that: A fertilizer box is fixed on the front upper part of the frame by a side frame, a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and a feeding mechanism is provided inside the discharge pipe; The feeding mechanism comprises a vertical shaft, a plurality of fertilizer shifting plates connected to the top of the vertical shaft, a limit plate fixed to the upper part of the vertical shaft, a plurality of fertilizer metering tubes connected to the lower end of the limit plate, a connector fixed to the lower part of the vertical shaft, a spiral blade connected to the top of a rotating rod inside the connector and extending into the fertilizer metering tube, and a gear and a bottom arc blade fixed in sequence after the bottom of the rotating rod extends out of the connector; An inner gear ring is fixed to the lower part of the inner wall of the discharge pipe, and the gear is meshed inside the inner gear ring. When the feeding mechanism rotates, the inner gear ring drives the spiral blade to rotate in the fertilizer metering pipe through the gear and the rotating rod; The bottom of the vertical shaft extends out of a discharge pipe and is connected to a fertilizer spreading plate; The rotating shaft adopts a linkage mechanism to drive the fertilizer spreading disc and the distribution mechanism to rotate, so that the fertilizer shifting plate shifts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the fertilizer metering tube, the spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube out of the fertilizer metering tube, and the fertilizer falls to the fertilizer spreading disc, and the fertilizer spreading disc rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

2. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical plate is fixed in the middle of the lower end of the frame, and both ends of the rotating shaft pass through the vertical plate and are fixed to the middle of the traveling wheel; The linkage mechanism includes a first pulley fixed on the rotating shaft, a first spiral bevel gear fixed in the middle of the lower end of the fertilizer spreading plate, a second spiral bevel gear meshed with the bottom of the first spiral bevel gear, a driving shaft fixed in the middle of the second spiral bevel gear, a second pulley connected to the end of the driving shaft, and a belt connected between the first pulley and the second pulley.

3. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first pulley is located between the outermost guide wheel and the corresponding vertical plate; A limiting sleeve is sleeved on the driving shaft, and the side of the limiting sleeve is fixed to the frame by a connecting fixing frame.

4. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sleeve seat is provided in the center of the upper side of the discharge pipe, and the side of the sleeve seat is connected to the inner wall of the discharge pipe by a plurality of groups of fixed arms distributed at equal intervals; The sleeve seat is sleeved on the vertical shaft, and the sleeve seat is located between the upper end of the limit plate and the bottom of the fertilizer shifting plate; The top of the vertical shaft extends into the fertilizer box and is welded to the fertilizer shifting plate, and a plurality of groups of fertilizer shifting plates are distributed at equal intervals.

5. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting plate is provided with a plurality of fertilizer leakage through holes which are evenly spaced, and the top of the fertilizer quantitative pipe is communicated with the corresponding fertilizer leakage through holes.

6. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the connector gradually decreases from bottom to top, the connector is located directly below the corresponding fertilizer quantitative tube, and the inner side of the connector is fixed to the outer wall of the vertical shaft by a reinforcing plate.

7. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the inner gear ring is fixed to the inner wall of the discharge pipe by using a plurality of groups of connecting arms distributed at equal intervals.

8. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate is gradually convex from the outside to the inside, and a plurality of groups of partition plates are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the fertilizer spreading plate.

9. The field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: Side baffles are arranged on both sides of the lower end of the front part of the frame, and a rear baffle is also arranged at the rear between the side baffles on both sides. The side baffles and the rear baffle respectively block the fertilizer thrown out by the fertilizer throwing plate from both sides and the rear.

10. A fertilization method based on the field precision fertilization device in the melon-cotton intercropping mode according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. When the frame moves forward, the travel wheel rotates, so that the rotating shaft drives the fertilizer spreading disc and the distribution mechanism to rotate through the linkage mechanism; S2. The fertilizer shifting plate connected to the top of the feeding mechanism rotates to shift the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the fertilizer metering tube; S3. The spiral blade rotates to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer metering tube out of the fertilizer metering tube, and causes the fertilizer to fall to the fertilizer spreading plate, and the fertilizer spreading plate rotates to spread the fertilizer to the ground.

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