Corn straw returning equipment for optimizing decomposition effect and corn straw processing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of field returning, in particular to corn straw field returning equipment with an optimized decomposition effect and a corn straw processing method.The corn straw field returning equipment comprises a positioning frame, and two sets of walking mechanisms are arranged at one end of the positioning frame; the cutting-off assembly is rotationally installed at the end, away from the positioning frame, of the walking mechanism; and the smashing assembly is arranged on one side of the bottom of the positioning frame, and the smashing assembly is used for assisting the corn straw cut off by the cutting-off assembly to conduct smashing operation, so that the field returning decomposition effect is improved. Compared with the prior art, the cutting-off module is arranged in the cutting-off assembly, so that the cutting-off assembly can automatically return to the initial state after the cutting-off operation is completed, the next operation is prepared, the operation continuity and stability of equipment are improved, and the workload of operators is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of returning corn stalks to fields, and in particular to equipment for returning corn stalks to fields with optimized decomposition effect and a method for processing corn stalks. Background Art

[0002] Crushing corn stalks and returning them to the fields can increase the soil organic matter content, promote soil structure, improve soil physical and chemical properties, increase soil fertility, increase ground temperature, increase soil water storage capacity, and reduce production costs. After corn is harvested, the stalks usually need to be returned to the fields to improve their fertility.

[0003] In the prior art, a Chinese patent document with publication number CN113728817A, a corn straw returning to the field crushing device and a corn straw returning to the field operation method, proposes that the device can automatically pick up corn straws, and automatically cut and crush the straws and throw them into the field. The No. 1 conveying ratchet and the No. 3 conveying ratchet adopt a serrated mechanism, which can effectively hook the straws, and the transmission effect is better and the transmission is more uniform, which is conducive to the cutting and crushing of the straws. The No. 1 conveyor belt and the No. 3 conveyor belt are driven by synchronous wheels to prevent slipping and affecting the transmission of the straw. The front inclined surface adopts an inclined surface structure, which is conducive to inserting the lower part of the straw and sliding the straw upward. The No. 1 conveying device is installed and transmitted horizontally, the left side of the No. 2 conveying device is rotatably connected to the frame, and the right side of the No. 2 conveying device swings up and down in the waist groove. On the one hand, the straw is compacted, which is conducive to the transportation and cutting of the straw. On the other hand, the No. 1 conveying ratchet on the upper and lower sides clamps the straw at the same time, which is conducive to the transportation of the straw and prevents the straw from being piled up and stored. However, compared with the traditional method, As a result, traditional equipment usually ignores the root treatment of straw, which results in the inability to effectively remove the roots of straw during the process of returning to the field, which will increase the residual time of straw in the soil, affect the soil's air permeability and water permeability, and also reduce the degradation efficiency of soil microorganisms on the straw, because the roots of straw usually contain higher cellulose and lignin, these substances are not easy to degrade, and the degradation rate in the soil is slow. Therefore, if the roots are not effectively removed, these residual roots will exist in the soil for a long time, affecting the soil structure and permeability. In addition, the microorganisms in the soil are the main driving force for straw degradation. They release nutrients by decomposing the organic matter in the straw. However, if the roots of the straw are not thoroughly treated, the remaining roots will become an obstacle to microbial degradation, and the degradation efficiency will be limited. Therefore, the present application discloses corn straw returning equipment and corn straw processing methods that optimize the decomposition effect to meet the decomposition efficiency in the process of returning corn straw to the field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a corn straw returning device and a corn straw processing method that optimize the decomposition effect, so as to solve the problem that the degradation efficiency is reduced due to the ineffective removal of the corn straw roots.

[0005] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a corn straw returning device for optimizing the decomposition effect, including a positioning frame, a walking mechanism is arranged at one end of the positioning frame, the walking mechanism is arranged in two groups, a power wheel and a driven wheel are arranged on both sides of the inside of the walking mechanism, and tracks are arranged on the outer surfaces of the power wheel and the driven wheel. The two power wheels are rotatably mounted on one end of the positioning frame respectively, and a rear frame is rotatably mounted on the other end of the positioning frame, two rotating wheels are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the rear frame respectively, and a second rotating shaft is rotatably mounted at the lower middle part of the rear frame;

[0006] A cutting assembly is rotatably mounted on one end of the walking mechanism away from the positioning frame, the cutting assembly is arranged in an inclined shape, and the cutting device comprises a cutting module and a returning module, the cutting module is located at the front end of the cutting assembly and is used to collect and cut the corn stalks in the field, the returning module is located at the back side of one side of the cutting module, and the returning module is used to transport the cut corn stalks and return them to the field behind;

[0007] The crushing component is arranged on one side of the bottom of the positioning frame. The crushing component is used to assist the corn stalks cut by the cutting component in the crushing operation, thereby increasing the decomposition effect of returning to the field.

[0008] Preferably, the cutting module includes a cutting bin fixedly installed between the walking mechanisms, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the middle of the cutting bin, the rotating shaft passes through the cutting bin and is fixedly connected to the two driven wheels respectively, a cutting roller for cutting is sleeved on the outer surface of the middle part of the rotating shaft, a plurality of spiral cutters are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the cutting roller, a feeding port for feeding is also opened on one side of the cutting bin, a root tooth is also arranged on the side of the cutting bin away from the positioning frame, a transverse cutter for cutting off the root of corn stalk is slidably installed inside the root tooth, a second rotating disk is sleeved on the side of the rotating shaft close to one of the driven wheels, a section of second teeth is arranged on the inner side of the second rotating disk, a transfer column is rotatably installed on one side of the second teeth, meshing teeth are arranged on the outer surface of the transfer column, a first rotating disk is sleeved on the side of the rotating shaft located inside the second rotating disk, a plurality of first teeth are arranged on the outer surface of the first rotating disk, and the first teeth, the second teeth and the meshing teeth on the outer surface of the transfer column are meshed with each other.

[0009] Preferably, a linkage column is fixedly installed on the side of the transfer column away from the cutting bin, and a positioning block is rotatably connected to the side of the linkage column away from the second rotating disk. One side of the positioning block is also fixedly connected to a first connecting rod, and the other end of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected to a linkage rod, and the linkage rod is L-shaped. An extension block is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the cutting bin, and a rotating column is rotatably installed on the bottom of the extension block, and the other end of the linkage rod is fixedly connected to the rotating column. A connecting plate is also fixedly installed on the other side of the outer surface of the rotating column, and a fixed block is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the transverse cutter, and the fixed block is fixedly connected to the connecting plate on the rotating column.

[0010] Preferably, the return module includes a conveying channel and a return box, one end of the conveying channel is located on one side of the feed port and is communicated with the feed port, and the return box is located at the other end of the conveying channel, both ends of the interior of the conveying channel are rotatably installed with rotating rollers, and one side of the rotating roller at the bottom passes through the conveying channel and is fixedly connected with a pulley, the side of the rotating shaft away from the second rotating disk is also provided with a pulley, and the two pulleys are connected by a belt drive, and the outer surfaces of the two rotating rollers are rotatably installed with conveyor belts, and the outer surface of the conveyor belt is equidistantly provided with a plurality of conveying plates.

[0011] Preferably, one side of the interior of the return box is connected to the top of the conveying channel, a positioning ring is provided on the side of the interior of the return box close to the conveying channel, a limiting plate is provided at one end of the positioning ring, and the limiting plate is fan-shaped. A discharge port for returning corn stalks is provided at the bottom of the return box, and a beating column is rotatably installed inside the return box, and a plurality of beating rods are provided on the outer surface of the beating column.

[0012] Preferably, the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate are rotatably installed at both ends of the positioning frame close to the walking mechanism, and the breaking assembly includes a breaking frame rotatably installed below the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate, and auxiliary landing wheels are rotatably installed on both sides of the bottom of the breaking frame, a guard plate is provided on the top side of the breaking frame, and a plurality of fixed cutting knives are equidistantly provided on the inner side of the guard plate, a cutting column is rotatably installed in the middle part of the breaking frame, and a plurality of cutting blades are staggered on the outer surface of the cutting column, and the top of the cutting blade is V-shaped, and a plurality of the cutting blades are adapted to a plurality of the fixed cutting knives, a fixed column is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the breaking frame, and the outer surface of the fixed column is sleeved with two sections of nail rakes.

[0013] Preferably, a synchronization rod is provided between the tops of the two first rotating plates to connect them, wherein a second connecting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the top of one of the first rotating plates, and the other end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the positioning block.

[0014] Preferably, two positioning columns are rotatably installed at the bottom of one side of the positioning frame close to the rear frame, and beating rollers are fixedly installed at the bottom of the two positioning columns. A second cylinder is fixedly installed at the top middle of the positioning frame, and positioning plates are provided in the middle of the two positioning columns. A connecting frame is provided between the two positioning plates to connect them, and the telescopic end of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting frame.

[0015] Preferably, a first rotating shaft is provided on the side of the positioning frame close to the walking mechanism, and a first cylinder and a third cylinder are fixedly installed at both ends of the middle part of the positioning frame respectively, and a positioning plate is provided in the middle part of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and the output ends of the first cylinder and the third cylinder are rotatably installed with the positioning plate.

[0016] The corn straw processing method with optimized decomposition effect is applied to the above-mentioned corn straw returning device with optimized decomposition effect, and comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1: The equipment moves through the power wheel and driven wheel of the walking mechanism and walks in the field. When the positioning frame 1 moves to the area to be treated, that is, the target area, the work starts;

[0018] S2: The cutting component starts to cut the corn stalks in the field to ensure that the stalk length meets the ideal state. The cutting module collects and cuts the stalks, and returns the cut stalks to the field through the return module to cover the soil surface;

[0019] S3: The breaking component breaks up the straw returned to the field to make it easier to mix with the soil. The cutting column and cutting blade cooperate with the fixed cutter to effectively cut the straw into smaller particles.

[0020] S4: The crushed straw is stirred and broken up by a roller, so that it is more evenly distributed in the field, increasing the contact area with the soil. The straw and soil are mixed more evenly, which is conducive to the contact and decomposition of microorganisms in the soil.

[0021] S5: The equipment runs in a cycle until all the straw in the target area is processed.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] 1. The corn straw return equipment and corn straw processing method with optimized decomposition effect are characterized by providing a cutting module in the cutting assembly. The cutting module is equipped with root teeth and a transverse cutter, which can effectively cut off the roots of the corn straw, ensure the thoroughness and standardization of the straw processing, reduce the impact of the residue on the soil, and contribute to the health of the soil and the growth of crops. The cutting module cuts off the roots of the corn straw, destroys the overall structure of the straw, exposes the cellulose to the outside, and is conducive to the degradation of microorganisms, thereby promoting the decomposition and degradation process of the straw, accelerating the straw return process, and improving the fertility of the soil and the soil quality. In addition, an automatic reset mechanism is provided, so that after the cutting operation is completed, it can automatically return to the initial state to prepare for the next operation, thereby improving the operational continuity and stability of the equipment and reducing the workload of the operator.

[0024] 2. The corn straw returning equipment and corn straw processing method with optimized decomposition effect can decompose the straw into smaller particles by providing a crushing component, and the combination of the cutting column and the cutting blade can increase its surface area, which is helpful to improve the degradation efficiency of microorganisms. At the same time, the setting of the fixed cutter ensures the stability of the straw during the crushing process, prevents it from twisting or shifting, and ensures the uniformity and standardization of the crushing. The connection between the crushing component and the positioning frame ensures the stability and accuracy of the crushing frame. With the support of the positioning frame, the crushing operation can cover the straw within the target range and ensure that the crushing operation is carried out in the moving process. The position of the middle breaker frame is stable, avoiding swaying or movement when working on irregular or uneven terrain, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the operation. The circular arc reciprocating swing of the breaker component allows the straw to be subjected to more uniform force during the breaking process. This swinging method can ensure the uniformity and sufficiency of the breaking operation, avoiding uneven breaking or straw accumulation caused by applying force in a single direction. At the same time, the reciprocating swing also increases the working range and coverage area of ​​the equipment, allowing the breaking operation to more fully process the straw in the field, improving the efficiency and output quality of the operation.

[0025] 3. The corn straw return equipment and corn straw processing method for optimizing the decomposition effect are as follows: a return module is provided in the cutting component, and the cut straw is collected and transported to the return module. When the rotating shaft in the cutting module rotates, the rotating roller is synchronously driven to rotate through the belt, so that when the cut straw is transported to the return box through the conveying channel, the conveyor belt and conveyor plate on the conveying channel help to smoothly transport the straw to the entrance of the return box. The positioning ring and fan-shaped limit plate in the return box position and guide the straw to ensure that the straw does not fall directly from the bottom discharge port, so that it is beaten and transported by the beating column, so that it falls to the discharge port position evenly and dispersedly. The beating column and beating rod in the return box loosen and scatter the straw, so that the straw can be evenly distributed in the field, which is beneficial to the subsequent soil mixing and decomposition process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0028] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second viewing angle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating motion structure of the present invention from the first viewing angle;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating motion structure of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting assembly of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cutting assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the return module of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breaking component of the present invention from the first perspective;

[0037] Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the breaking component of the present invention from a second viewing angle.

[0038] The markings in the figure are:

[0039] 1. Positioning frame; 2. Power wheel; 3. Track; 4. Driven wheel; 5. Cutting chamber; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Cutting roller; 8. Root tooth; 9. Transverse cutter; 10. First rotating disk; 11. First tooth; 12. Second rotating disk; 13. Second tooth; 14. Transfer column; 15. Linking column; 16. Positioning block; 17. First connecting rod; 18. Linking rod; 19. Extension block; 20. Rotating column; 21. Fixed block; 22. Feeding port; 23. Conveying channel; 24. Rotating roller; 25. Conveyor belt; 26. Return box; 27. Positioning ring; 28. Limit Positioning plate; 29, discharge port; 30, beating column; 31, first rotating shaft; 32, first cylinder; 33, second connecting rod; 34, first rotating plate; 35, second rotating plate; 36, breaking frame; 37, guard plate; 38, fixed cutter; 39, cutting column; 40, cutting disc; 41, auxiliary landing wheel; 42, fixed column; 43, spike rake; 44, second cylinder; 45, positioning column; 46, positioning disc; 47, connecting frame; 48, breaking roller; 49, rear frame; 50, rotating wheel; 51, second rotating shaft; 52, third cylinder; 53, synchronization rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0041] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, the corn straw returning equipment for optimizing the decomposition effect comprises a positioning frame 1, a walking mechanism is arranged at one end of the positioning frame 1, the walking mechanism is arranged in two groups, a power wheel 2 and a driven wheel 4 are arranged on both sides inside the walking mechanism, tracks 3 are arranged on the outer surfaces of the power wheel 2 and the driven wheel 4, the two power wheels 2 are rotatably mounted on one end of the positioning frame 1 respectively, a rear frame 49 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the positioning frame 1, two rotating wheels 50 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the rear frame 49 respectively, and a second rotating shaft 51 is rotatably mounted on the lower middle part of the rear frame 49; a cutting component is rotatably mounted on the end of the walking mechanism away from the positioning frame 1, the cutting component is arranged in an inclined state, and the cutting equipment comprises a cutting module and a returning module, the cutting module is located at The front end of the cutting component is used to collect and cut the corn stalks in the field. The return module is located on the back of one side of the cutting module. The return module is used to transport the cut corn stalks and return them to the field behind. The crushing component is arranged on the bottom side of the positioning frame 1. The crushing component is used to assist the corn stalks cut by the cutting component in the crushing operation to increase the decomposition effect of returning to the field. The first rotating shaft 31 is arranged on the side of the positioning frame 1 close to the walking mechanism. The first cylinder 32 and the third cylinder 52 are fixedly installed at both ends of the middle part of the positioning frame 1. The middle parts of the first rotating shaft 31 and the second rotating shaft 51 are both provided with positioning pieces 46. The output ends of the first cylinder 32 and the third cylinder 52 are both rotatably installed with the positioning piece 46.

[0043] The positioning frame 1 is moved by the power wheel 2 and the driven wheel 4 of the walking mechanism, and walks in the field. When the positioning frame 1 moves to the area that needs to be processed, the cutting component starts to cut the corn stalks, and the cutting module collects and cuts the stalks, collects the cut stalks, and returns the cut stalks to the field through the returning module to ensure that the stalks cover the soil surface. A crushing component is provided on one side of the bottom of the positioning frame 1 to crush the stalks returned to the field. The crushed stalks are more easily mixed with the soil, which promotes the improvement of decomposition efficiency. The combination of the cutting component and the crushing component can collect, cut and crush the corn stalks, which helps to decompose the stalks into smaller particles and promote their faster decomposition and return to the field, which can increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve the soil structure, and improve the soil fertility. The equipment adopts a combination of a walking mechanism and a positioning frame 1, which can realize the movement and positioning of the equipment in the field, which is conducive to the mobile and comprehensive treatment of corn stalks. In addition, the cutting and crushing functions of the equipment increase the amount of straw processed at one time, thereby improving the working efficiency.

[0044] like Figures 3 to 9As shown, the cutting module includes a cutting chamber 5 fixedly installed between the walking mechanisms, a rotating shaft 6 is rotatably installed in the middle of the cutting chamber 5, the rotating shaft 6 passes through the cutting chamber 5 and is respectively fixedly connected to the two driven wheels 4, a cutting roller 7 for cutting is sleeved on the outer surface of the middle part of the rotating shaft 6, and a plurality of spiral cutters are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the cutting roller 7, a feeding port 22 for feeding is also opened on one side of the cutting chamber 5, a root tooth 8 is also arranged on the side of the cutting chamber 5 away from the positioning frame 1, a transverse cutter 9 for cutting off the root of the corn stalk is slidably installed inside the root tooth 8, a second rotating disk 12 is sleeved on the side of the rotating shaft 6 close to one of the driven wheels 4, a section of second teeth 13 is arranged on the inner side of the second rotating disk 12, a central transfer column 14 is rotatably installed on one side of the second teeth 13, and the outer surface of the central transfer column 14 is provided with meshing teeth, and a first Rotating disk 10, the outer surface of the first rotating disk 10 is provided with a plurality of first teeth 11, the first teeth 11, the second teeth 13 and the meshing teeth on the outer surface of the transfer column 14 are meshed with each other, a linkage column 15 is fixedly installed on the side of the transfer column 14 away from the cutting bin 5, and a positioning block 16 is rotatably connected to the side of the linkage column 15 away from the second rotating disk 12, and a first connecting rod 17 is also fixedly connected to one side of the positioning block 16, and a linkage rod 18 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first connecting rod 17, and the linkage rod 18 is L-shaped, and an extension block 19 is also fixedly installed on the side wall of the cutting bin 5, and a rotating column 20 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the extension block 19, and the other end of the linkage rod 18 is fixedly connected to the rotating column 20, and a connecting plate is also fixedly installed on the other side of the outer surface of the rotating column 20, and a fixed block 21 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the transverse cutter 9, and the fixed block 21 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate on the rotating column 20;

[0045] When the power wheel 2 provides power for walking, the crawler 3 drives the driven wheel 4 to rotate, and the driven wheel 4 will drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, and then drive the cutting roller 7 to rotate to cut the corn stalks in the cutting bin 5 to an ideal state, so that the corn stalks can be cut accurately to ensure that the cut stalks reach an ideal state. When the rotating shaft 6 rotates, it will also drive the first rotating disk 10 to rotate and rotate synchronously with the second rotating disk 12. When the second rotating disk 12 rotates, it drives the first teeth 11 on one side to mesh with the meshing teeth on the transfer column 14, and then drives the transfer column 14 and the linkage column 15 to rotate to one side. At this time, the linkage column 15 will drive the positioning block 16 to rotate toward the positioning frame 1. At the same time, it will drive the first connecting rod 17 to move toward the positioning frame 1, and then drive the linkage rod 18 to rotate on the rotating column 20. The rotating column 20 will drive the fixed block 21 to be pulled out to the outside, and then drive the transverse cutter 9 to slide outward. When the rotating shaft 6 drives the first rotating disk 10 When meshing with the meshing teeth on the transfer column 14, the transfer column 14 and the linkage column 15 will be driven to reset in the opposite direction, thereby driving the transverse cutter 9 to slide inside the root tooth 8, and cooperate with the root tooth 8 to cut the root of the straw, ensuring the thoroughness and standardization of straw processing, and helping to reduce the impact of residues on the soil. At the same time, such a setting can enable the cutting module to automatically reset to the initial state and prepare for the next operation, which improves the operational continuity and stability of the equipment and reduces the workload of the operator. In addition, the root is one of the more difficult parts of the corn stalk to decompose, containing a large amount of cellulose and lignin. By cutting off the root, the overall structure of the straw can be destroyed, exposing the cellulose to the outside, which is conducive to the degradation of microorganisms, thereby promoting the decomposition and degradation process of the straw. After cutting off the root, the part of the straw that was originally in contact with the soil becomes more, increasing the amount of straw on the surface of the straw, which makes it easier for microorganisms in the soil to contact the straw and increases the decomposition rate.

[0046] like Figures 7 to 9As shown, the return module includes a conveying channel 23 and a return box 26. One end of the conveying channel 23 is located at one side of the feed port 22 and is connected to the feed port 22. The return box 26 is located at the other end of the conveying channel 23. Both ends of the interior of the conveying channel 23 are rotatably installed with rotating rollers 24, and one side of the bottom rotating roller 24 passes through the conveying channel 23 and is fixedly connected with a pulley. The side of the rotating shaft 6 away from the second rotating disk 12 is also sleeved with a pulley, and the two pulleys are connected by a belt transmission. The outer surfaces of the two rotating rollers 24 rotate A conveyor belt 25 is rotatably installed, and a plurality of conveyor plates are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the conveyor belt 25. One side of the inner part of the return box 26 is connected to the top of the conveying channel 23. A positioning ring 27 is arranged on the inner side of the return box 26 close to the conveying channel 23. A limiting plate 28 is arranged at one end of the positioning ring 27. The limiting plate 28 is arranged in a fan shape. A discharge port 29 for returning corn stalks is arranged at the bottom of the return box 26. A beating column 30 is also rotatably installed inside the return box 26, and a plurality of beating rods are arranged on the outer surface of the beating column 30.

[0047] The cutting module starts to cut the corn stalks in the field. The cutting roller 7 in the cutting bin 5 is driven by the rotation of the rotating shaft 6 to cut the corn stalks and cut them to an ideal state. The cut stalks are collected and transported to the return module. When the rotating shaft 6 in the cutting module rotates, the rotating roller 24 is synchronously driven to rotate through the belt. Therefore, when the cut stalks are transported to the return box 26 through the conveying channel 23, the conveyor belt 25 and the conveying plate on the conveying channel 23 help to smoothly transport the stalks to the entrance of the return box 26. The positioning ring 27 and the fan-shaped limit plate 28 in the return box 26 position and guide the stalks to ensure that the stalks do not fall directly from the bottom discharge port 29. The slapping and conveying of the slapping column 30 make it fall evenly and dispersedly to the discharge port 29 position. The slapping column 30 and the slapping rod in the return box 26 loosen and spread the stalks so that the stalks can be evenly distributed in the field, which is beneficial to the subsequent soil mixing and decomposition process.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig.10 , Fig.11As shown, the first rotating plate 34 and the second rotating plate 35 are rotatably mounted on both ends of the positioning frame 1 near the walking mechanism, and the crushing assembly includes a crushing frame 36 rotatably mounted below the first rotating plate 34 and the second rotating plate 35. Auxiliary landing wheels 41 are rotatably mounted on both sides of the bottom of the crushing frame 36. A guard plate 37 is arranged on one side of the top of the crushing frame 36. A plurality of fixed cutting knives 38 are equidistantly arranged on the inner side of the guard plate 37. A cutting column 39 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the crushing frame 36. The outer surface of the cutting column 39 A plurality of cutting blades 40 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the top of the cutting blades 40 is arranged in a V shape. The plurality of cutting blades 40 are adapted to the plurality of fixed cutters 38. A fixed column 42 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the crushing frame 36, and two sections of nail rakes 43 are sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed column 42. A synchronization rod 53 is arranged between the tops of the two first rotating plates 34, and a second connecting rod 33 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of one of the first rotating plates 34, and the other end of the second connecting rod 33 is fixedly connected to the other end of the positioning block 16;

[0049] The first rotating plate 34 and the second rotating plate 35 on the positioning frame 1 are connected to the crushing frame 36 to ensure the stability and accuracy of the crushing frame 36. The walking mechanism moves the entire equipment to the area to be processed to ensure that the crushing operation can cover the straw that has been returned within the target range. The crushing frame 36 starts to crush the straw returned to the field. The cutting column 39 and the cutting blade 40 cooperate with the fixed cutter 38 to effectively cut the straw and decompose it into smaller particles. The crushing assembly enables the crushing frame 36 to effectively crush the straw returned to the field. The combination of the cutting column 39 and the cutting blade 40 can decompose the straw into smaller particles, which helps to improve the decomposition speed and efficiency of the straw. The guard plate 37 and the fixed cutter 38 on the top of the crushing frame 36 can ensure that the straw is not easily touched when the straw is lifted during the crushing process, and prevent the straw from piling up to the rear when it is crushed. The fixed column 42 and the rake 43 can ensure that the crushing frame 36 remains stable during the working process, and also The utility model can flexibly adapt to different field conditions and crushing requirements, wherein the second connecting rod 33 is fixedly connected to the other end of the positioning block 16, and when the positioning block 16 reciprocates back and forth, the first rotating plate 34 can be pushed to rotate back and forth, which will drive the entire crushing assembly to swing back and forth in a circular arc, and at the same time cooperate with the auxiliary floor wheel 41 to contact and reduce shock in the ground. This reciprocating swing can increase the working range and coverage area of ​​the equipment, so as to more fully process the straw in the field. The circular arc reciprocating swing of the crushing assembly can make the straw be subjected to more uniform force during the crushing process, avoiding uneven crushing effect or straw accumulation. This swinging method can ensure that the straw is fully crushed and decomposed during the crushing process. The auxiliary floor wheel 41 contacts and reduces shock in the ground, which can effectively reduce the impact and vibration of the equipment on the ground during operation, improve the stability and stability of the equipment, and reduce vibration. It also helps to extend the service life of the equipment and reduce the impact on the operator.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, two positioning columns 45 are rotatably installed at the bottom of one side of the positioning frame 1 close to the rear frame 49, and a beating roller thorn 48 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the two positioning columns 45. A second cylinder 44 is fixedly installed at the middle of the top of the positioning frame 1, and a positioning piece 46 is arranged in the middle of the two positioning columns 45. A connecting frame 47 is arranged between the two positioning pieces 46 to connect them, and the telescopic end of the second cylinder 44 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting frame 47.

[0051] The beating roller 48 can effectively stir and scatter the corn stalks by contacting the ground while the equipment is moving, making the distribution of the stalks more even, which is helpful for subsequent processing and decomposition process, and can increase the contact area between the stalks and the soil, promote the contact and decomposition of the stalks and microorganisms in the soil, thereby improving the decomposition efficiency of the stalks. The corn stalks after stirring and beating are mixed more evenly with the soil, which is helpful for the decomposition and release of organic matter in the soil, thereby improving the texture and structure of the soil, and enhancing the air permeability, water permeability and fertility of the soil.

[0052] The corn straw processing method with optimized decomposition effect is applied to the above-mentioned corn straw returning device with optimized decomposition effect, and comprises the following steps:

[0053] S1: The equipment moves through the power wheel 2 and the driven wheel 4 of the walking mechanism and walks in the field. When the positioning frame 1 moves to the area to be treated, that is, the target area, the work starts;

[0054] S2: The cutting component starts to cut the corn stalks in the field to ensure that the stalk length meets the ideal state. The cutting module collects and cuts the stalks, and returns the cut stalks to the field through the return module to cover the soil surface;

[0055] S3: The breaking component breaks up the straw returned to the field to make it easier to mix with the soil. The cutting column 39 and the cutting blade 40 cooperate with the fixed cutter 38 to effectively cut the straw into smaller particles.

[0056] S4: The crushed straw is stirred and scattered by the scattering roller 48, so that it is more evenly distributed in the field, increasing the contact area with the soil, and the straw and soil are mixed more evenly, which is conducive to the contact and decomposition of microorganisms in the soil.

[0057] S5: The equipment operates in a cycle until all the straw in the target area is processed, with high operation continuity, strong equipment stability, and reduced burden on operators;

[0058] Compared with traditional manual harvesting and processing methods, this equipment achieves automatic movement through a walking mechanism, and uses cutting and breaking components to process the straw, reducing manual labor and improving work efficiency. The equipment combines multiple functions such as cutting, breaking and stirring in one, and can complete the processing of straw in the same step, avoiding the tediousness of multiple operations in traditional methods and improving processing efficiency. Through cutting and breaking operations, the straw is broken into smaller particles, which is conducive to better mixing and decomposition with the soil, promoting the formation of soil organic matter, improving soil fertility and improving soil structure. In addition, the equipment uses stirring and breaking operations to make the straw more evenly distributed in the field, increasing the contact area with the soil, which is beneficial to the degradation of microorganisms in the soil and accelerating the decomposition and return of the straw to the field.

[0059] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0060] The present invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn straw returning device for optimizing decomposition effect, characterized in that: include: A positioning frame (1), one end of the positioning frame (1) is provided with a walking mechanism, the walking mechanism is provided with two groups, a power wheel (2) and a driven wheel (4) are respectively provided on both sides of the inside of the walking mechanism, the outer surfaces of the power wheel (2) and the driven wheel (4) are provided with tracks (3), the two power wheels (2) are respectively rotatably mounted on one end of the positioning frame (1), the other end of the positioning frame (1) is rotatably mounted with a rear frame (49), the bottom of the rear frame (49) is respectively rotatably mounted with two rotating wheels (50), and a second rotating shaft (51) is rotatably mounted at the lower middle part of the rear frame (49); A cutting assembly is rotatably mounted on one end of the walking mechanism away from the positioning frame (1), the cutting assembly is arranged in an inclined state, and the cutting device comprises a cutting module and a returning module, the cutting module is located at the front end of the cutting assembly and is used to collect and cut corn stalks in the field, the returning module is located at the back side of one side of the cutting module, and the returning module is used to transport the cut corn stalks and return them to the field behind; A crushing component is arranged on one side of the bottom of the positioning frame (1), and is used to assist in the crushing operation of the corn stalks cut by the cutting component, thereby increasing the decomposition effect of returning to the field.

2. The corn straw returning device for optimizing decomposition effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cutting module comprises a cutting chamber (5) fixedly installed between the walking mechanisms, a rotating shaft (6) is rotatably installed in the middle of the cutting chamber (5), the rotating shaft (6) passes through the cutting chamber (5) and is respectively fixedly connected to the two driven wheels (4), a cutting roller (7) for cutting is sleeved on the outer surface of the middle of the rotating shaft (6), and a plurality of spiral cutters are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the cutting roller (7), a feeding port (22) for feeding is also opened on one side of the cutting chamber (5), and a root tooth (8) is also arranged on the side of the cutting chamber (5) away from the positioning frame (1), and a tooth for cutting the root of the corn stalk is slidably installed inside the root tooth (8). A transverse cutter (9) is provided, a second rotating disk (12) is sleeved on one side of the rotating shaft (6) close to one of the driven wheels (4), a section of second teeth (13) is provided on the inner side of the second rotating disk (12), a transfer column (14) is rotatably mounted on one side of the second teeth (13), the outer surface of the transfer column (14) is provided with meshing teeth, a first rotating disk (10) is sleeved on one side of the rotating shaft (6) located inside the second rotating disk (12), a plurality of first teeth (11) are provided on the outer surface of the first rotating disk (10), the first teeth (11) and the second teeth (13) are meshed with the meshing teeth on the outer surface of the transfer column (14).

3. The corn straw returning device for optimizing decomposition effect according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A linkage column (15) is fixedly mounted on the side of the transfer column (14) away from the cutting bin (5); a positioning block (16) is rotatably connected to the side of the linkage column (15) away from the second rotating disk (12); a first connecting rod (17) is also fixedly connected to one side of the positioning block (16); a linkage rod (18) is fixedly connected to the other end of the first connecting rod (17); the linkage rod (18) is arranged in an L shape; an extension block (19) is also fixedly mounted on the side wall of the cutting bin (5); a rotating column (20) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the extension block (19); the other end of the linkage rod (18) is fixedly connected to the rotating column (20); a connecting plate is also fixedly mounted on the other side of the outer surface of the rotating column (20); a fixed block (21) is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the transverse cutter (9); the fixed block (21) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate on the rotating column (20).

4. The corn straw returning device for optimizing decomposition effect according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The return module includes a conveying channel (23) and a return box (26), one end of the conveying channel (23) is located on one side of the feed port (22) and is connected to the feed port (22), and the return box (26) is located at the other end of the conveying channel (23), both ends of the interior of the conveying channel (23) are rotatably installed with rotating rollers (24), and one side of the bottom rotating roller (24) passes through the conveying channel (23) and is fixedly connected with a pulley, the side of the rotating shaft (6) away from the second rotating disk (12) is also provided with a pulley, and the two pulleys are connected by a belt drive, and the outer surfaces of the two rotating rollers (24) are rotatably installed with conveyor belts (25), and the outer surface of the conveyor belt (25) is equidistantly provided with a plurality of conveying plates.

5. The corn straw returning device for optimizing decomposition effect according to claim 4 is characterized in that: One side of the interior of the return box (26) is connected to the top of the conveying channel (23), and a positioning ring (27) is provided on the side of the interior of the return box (26) close to the conveying channel (23). A limiting plate (28) is provided at one end of the positioning ring (27), and the limiting plate (28) is arranged in a fan shape. A discharge port (29) for returning corn stalks is provided at the bottom of the return box (26). A beating column (30) is also rotatably installed inside the return box (26), and a plurality of beating rods are provided on the outer surface of the beating column (30).

6. The corn straw returning device for optimizing decomposition effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first rotating plate (34) and the second rotating plate (35) are rotatably mounted on both ends of the positioning frame (1) near the walking mechanism. The crushing assembly comprises a crushing frame (36) rotatably mounted below the first rotating plate (34) and the second rotating plate (35). Auxiliary landing wheels (41) are rotatably mounted on both sides of the bottom of the crushing frame (36). A guard plate (37) is arranged on one side of the top of the crushing frame (36). The inner side surface of the guard plate (37) is equidistantly provided with A plurality of fixed cutters (38) are arranged, a cutting column (39) is rotatably mounted in the middle of the crushing frame (36), a plurality of cutting blades (40) are staggeredly arranged on the outer surface of the cutting column (39), the top of the cutting blade (40) is arranged in a V shape, and a plurality of the cutting blades (40) are adapted to the plurality of fixed cutters (38), a fixed column (42) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom of the crushing frame (36), and the outer surface of the fixed column (42) is sleeved with two sections of spike rakes (43).

7. The corn straw returning device for optimizing decomposition effect according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that: A synchronization rod (53) is provided between the tops of the two first rotating plates (34) to connect them, wherein a second connecting rod (33) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of one of the first rotating plates (34), and the other end of the second connecting rod (33) is fixedly connected to the other end of the positioning block (16).

8. The corn straw returning device for optimizing decomposition effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two positioning columns (45) are rotatably mounted at the bottom of one side of the positioning frame (1) close to the rear frame (49), and a beating roller (48) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the two positioning columns (45). A second cylinder (44) is fixedly mounted at the middle of the top of the positioning frame (1), and a positioning sheet (46) is arranged at the middle of the two positioning columns (45). A connecting frame (47) is arranged between the two positioning sheets (46) to connect them, and a telescopic end of the second cylinder (44) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting frame (47).

9. The corn straw returning device for optimizing decomposition effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first rotating shaft (31) is arranged on one side of the positioning frame (1) close to the walking mechanism, a first cylinder (32) and a third cylinder (52) are respectively fixedly mounted at both ends of the middle of the positioning frame (1), a positioning piece (46) is arranged in the middle of the first rotating shaft (31) and the second rotating shaft (51), and the output ends of the first cylinder (32) and the third cylinder (52) are rotatably mounted on the positioning piece (46).

10. A method for processing corn stalks with optimized decomposition effect, applied to the corn stalk returning device with optimized decomposition effect as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The equipment moves through the power wheel (2) and the driven wheel (4) of the walking mechanism and walks in the field. When the positioning frame 1 moves to the area to be treated, that is, the target area, the work begins; S2: The cutting component starts to cut the corn stalks in the field to ensure that the stalk length meets the ideal state. The cutting module collects and cuts the stalks, and returns the cut stalks to the field through the return module to cover the soil surface; S3: The breaking component breaks up the straw returned to the field to make it easier to mix with the soil. The cutting column (39) and the cutting blade (40) cooperate with the fixed cutter (38) to effectively cut the straw and break it into smaller particles. S4: The crushed straw is stirred and scattered by a scattering roller (48) so that it is more evenly distributed in the field, increasing the contact area with the soil. The straw and the soil are mixed more evenly, which is beneficial to the contact and decomposition of microorganisms in the soil. S5: The equipment runs in a cycle until all the straw in the target area is processed.

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