Citrus orchard grass-growing hedge system construction method for southern hilly slope cropland

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a citrus orchard grass-growing hedge system construction method for southern hilly slope cropland. Relates to the field of slope cropland planting, in particular to a slope cropland citrus orchard grass-hedgerow system which is constructed by determining different grass types, grass planting modes, hedgerow types and hedgerow planting modes according to tree age types and region types of a citrus orchard in a mode that grass and hedgerows are arranged at intervals. And the technical complexity and operability of the slope cropland citrus orchard are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of sloping farmland planting, and in particular to a method for constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard on sloping farmland in southern hills. Background Art

[0002] Citrus orchards in the southern hilly areas are one of China's important agricultural landscapes, especially in provinces such as Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangdong, which have natural conditions suitable for citrus growth.

[0003] The existing citrus planting methods have the following problems: low operability in orange orchards with large slopes, a high amount of manpower required to till the soil when planting grass each year, a large workload of re-digging ecological ditches at different locations each year, and excessive reliance on microbial preparations and strains, which makes it difficult to promote the technology to fruit farmers.

[0004] In view of the above defects, the present application provides a method for constructing a grass hedge system for citrus orchards on sloping farmland in southern hills. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard on sloping farmland in southern hills, which can reduce the complexity of technical operations and better manage field nutrients.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard in hilly sloping farmland in southern China, comprising:

[0007] Defined intervals of grass and hedge planting areas in the citrus grove according to contour lines or vertical heights;

[0008] Determine the grass type and grass planting method according to the regional type and tree age type of the citrus orchard, and plant grass in the grass planting area according to the grass type and grass planting method; wherein the regional type includes southern economic forest garden and southwestern economic forest garden; the tree age type includes adult stage and juvenile stage, the grass type includes one or more of southern forest garden summer green manure, southern forest garden winter green manure, southwestern forest garden summer green manure and southwestern forest garden winter green manure; the grass planting method includes a winter-summer green manure year-round covering mode or a winter green manure covering no-tillage grass suppression mode;

[0009] The hedge type and the hedge planting method are determined according to the tree age type, and the hedge is planted in the hedge planting area according to the hedge type and the hedge planting method; wherein the hedge type includes low-type hedges and medium-high-type hedges.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the summer green manure of the southern forest garden includes: one or more green manures of clover, cassia, Indian cowpea, and black cowpea; the winter green manure of the southern forest garden includes: one or more green manures of hairy vetch, glossy vetch, arrow pea, and milk vetch; the summer green manure of the southwestern forest garden includes: one or more green manures of clover, Indian cowpea, black cowpea, and laba bean; the winter green manure of the southwestern forest garden includes: one or more green manures of hairy vetch, glossy vetch, arrow pea, and Lathyrus;

[0011] The step of determining the grass type and grass planting method according to the regional type and tree age type of the citrus orchard comprises:

[0012] If the area type is the southern economic forest garden, the tree age type is the young age stage; the grass type is determined to be the southern forest garden summer green manure and the southern forest garden winter green manure, and the grass planting method is determined to be the winter-summer green manure annual covering mode;

[0013] If the area type is the southern economic forest garden, the tree age type is the adult stage; the grass type is determined to be the winter green manure of the southern forest garden, and the grass planting method is determined to be the winter green manure covering no-tillage grass pressing mode;

[0014] If the area type is the Southwest Economic Forest Park, the tree age type is the young age stage; the grass type is determined to be the summer green manure of the Southwest Forest Park and the winter green manure of the Southwest Forest Park, and the grass planting method is determined to be the winter-summer green manure annual covering mode;

[0015] If the area type is the Southwest Economic Forest Park, the tree age type is the adult stage; determine that the grass type is the winter green manure of the Southwest Forest Park, and determine that the grass planting method is the winter green manure covering no-till grass suppression mode.

[0016] In a possible implementation, determining the hedge type according to the tree age type includes:

[0017] If the tree age type is the young age stage, determining the plant hedge type is a low-type plant hedge, and the low-type plant hedge includes one or more of wolfberry, Amorpha fruticosa, and daylily;

[0018] If the tree age type is the adult stage, the hedge type is determined to be a medium-high type hedge, and the medium-high type hedge includes one or more of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ligustrum lucidum, and Lantana camara.

[0019] In a possible implementation, determining the hedge planting method according to the tree age type includes:

[0020] If the tree age type is the young age stage, determining the planting method of the hedge to be cutting or transplanting;

[0021] If the tree age type is the adult stage, determine that the planting method of the hedge is direct seeding or transplanting.

[0022] In one possible embodiment, the grass planting areas and hedge planting areas are determined to be spaced apart from each other in the citrus grove according to contour lines or vertical heights; including:

[0023] A group of hedgerow areas are divided every 3-8 rows of citrus trees according to contour lines or every 10-24 meters at vertical distances. The hedgerow areas are used to plant single-row or double-row hedgerows; the area between two adjacent hedgerow areas is divided into a grass area.

[0024] In a possible implementation, planting grass in the grass planting area according to grass type and grass planting method includes:

[0025] Before sowing, the citrus orchard is cleaned and the planting area is plowed 30-50 cm away from the main trunk of the fruit tree;

[0026] In the plowed area, grass seeds of the grass type are sown according to the grass planting method.

[0027] In a possible implementation, sowing grass seeds of the grass type according to the grass planting method includes:

[0028] If the tree age type is the young age stage, the mixed grass seeds of the grass type are evenly sown in a broadcasting manner;

[0029] If the tree age type is the adult stage, the grass seeds are directly sown using the no-till seeding method and covered with branches or straw.

[0030] In a possible implementation, after the hedge is planted, the method further includes: managing and maintaining the planted grass and the hedge; including:

[0031] If the tree age type is the young stage, weeding, pruning and watering the grass and the hedgerow;

[0032] If the tree age type is the adult stage, no weeding and no fertilization are performed on the grass and the hedgerows.

[0033] In a possible implementation manner, the managing and maintaining the planted grass and the hedgerows further includes:

[0034] The grass and the hedges are deep-turned every 3 to 7 years.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the winter-summer green manure annual covering mode is: sowing winter green manure in September-October, turning over winter green manure in May-June of the following year, and sowing or planting summer green manure in pits; in September-October, turning over summer green manure and sowing winter green manure, implementing a "two sowing and two turning" operation cycle in the first year;

[0036] The winter green manure covering and no-tillage grass suppression mode is: sowing winter green manure in September and October, and supplementary sowing in September and October of the following year.

[0037] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing a grass and hedge system for a citrus orchard on sloping farmland in the southern hills. By setting the intervals between grass and hedges, different grass types, grass planting methods, hedge types and hedge planting methods are determined according to the tree age type and regional type of the citrus orchard, so as to construct a grass and hedge system for a citrus orchard on sloping farmland, so as to reduce the technical complexity and operability of the citrus orchard on sloping farmland. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard on hilly sloping farmland in southern Taiwan provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the process of constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard on hilly sloping farmland in southern China provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 .

[0041] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the attached claims, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In addition, the described terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; for example, a process, method, system, product, or maintenance tool that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but also includes other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or maintenance tools.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0045] It should be noted that the “at…” in the embodiments of the present application may be the instant when a certain situation occurs, or may be a period of time after the occurrence of a certain situation, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0046] First, the terms involved in this application are explained:

[0047] Sloping farmland: Sloping farmland is an important farmland resource. It refers to dry land on the hillside with poor surface flatness, prominent water, fertilizer and soil loss problems, and low crop yields. It generally refers to cultivated land with a slope of 6° to 25°. Due to natural factors such as climate and soil texture, excessive use of sloping farmland caused by conflicts between people and land, lack of soil and water conservation measures in sloping farmland planting, and other human factors, the problem of soil and water loss on sloping farmland is serious.

[0048] Grass mulch: an orchard management method that plants herbaceous plants between rows of fruit trees or throughout the entire orchard as a mulch. It is an agricultural measure that plays a role in conserving water and soil, regulating soil temperature, and increasing soil fertility.

[0049] Hedgerow: A hedgerow is a plant strip formed by planting suitable trees, shrubs or herbaceous plants in a single or combined pattern along the contour lines on a slope. It has the ability to provide multiple ecosystem services such as soil and water conservation, maintaining biodiversity, regulating climate, providing raw materials, and landscape recreation.

[0050] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard on hilly sloping farmland in southern Taiwan provided in an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;like Figure 1 , the method comprising:

[0052] S101. Determine mutually spaced grass planting areas and hedge planting areas in the citrus orchard according to contour lines or vertical heights.

[0053] Specifically, due to the particularity of sloping farmland, the citrus orchard is divided into grass planting areas and hedge planting areas according to contour lines, and the citrus orchard is planned in a way that grass and hedges are interspersed.

[0054] S102. Determine the grass type and grass planting method according to the regional type and tree age type of the citrus orchard, and carry out grass planting in the grass planting area according to the grass type and grass planting method; wherein, the regional types include southern economic forest garden and southwestern economic forest garden; the tree age types include adult stage and juvenile stage; the grass types include one or more of southern forest garden summer green manure, southern forest garden winter green manure, southwestern forest garden summer green manure and southwestern forest garden winter green manure; the grass planting method includes the winter-summer green manure year-round covering mode or the winter green manure covering no-till grass suppression mode.

[0055] Specifically, the Southern Economic Forest Park refers to the forest park in the area south of the Yangtze River, such as Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shanghai, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, etc., and the Southwestern Economic Forest Park specifically refers to the forest park in the southwestern region of China, such as Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Yunnan.

[0056] Specifically, due to differences in climate, soil type and fertility levels in different regions, it is necessary to select plants with good adaptability according to local conditions. Ecological adaptability is also reflected in matching the growth needs of citrus trees. Citrus trees of different ages have different requirements for light, water, nutrients, etc. Therefore, different grass types and grass planting methods are determined according to the age type and regional type of the citrus orchard; grass is planted according to the corresponding type and planting method.

[0057] S103. Determine the type of hedge and the method of planting the hedge according to the tree age type, and plant the hedge in the hedge planting area according to the type of hedge and the method of planting the hedge; wherein the type of hedge includes low-type hedge and medium-high-type hedge.

[0058] Similarly, different hedge types and hedge planting methods are determined according to the age types of the trees in the citrus orchard; hedges are planted according to the corresponding types and planting methods.

[0059] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing a grass and hedge system for a citrus orchard on sloping farmland in the southern hills. By setting the intervals between grass and hedges, different grass types, grass planting methods, hedge types and hedge planting methods are determined according to the tree age type and regional type of the citrus orchard, so as to construct a grass and hedge system for a citrus orchard on sloping farmland, so as to reduce the technical complexity and operability of the citrus orchard on sloping farmland.

[0060] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the process of constructing a citrus orchard grass hedge system for hilly sloping farmland in southern China provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ,like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment Figure 1 The method is described in detail based on the embodiment, and comprises:

[0061] S210. Divide a group of hedge areas every 3-8 rows of citrus trees according to contour lines or every 10-24 meters at vertical distances. The hedge areas are used to plant single-row or double-row hedges; the area between two adjacent hedge areas is divided into a grass area.

[0062] Specifically, due to the particularity of sloping farmland, a row here does not refer to a row on the same straight line, but is arranged according to contour lines. One or more rows can be arranged on the same contour line;

[0063] S220. According to the region type and tree age type, if the region type is southern economic forest garden, determine the grass type as summer green manure in southern forest garden or winter green manure in southern forest garden; if the region type is southwestern economic forest garden, determine the grass type as summer green manure in southwestern forest garden or winter green manure in southwestern forest garden; if the tree age type is juvenile stage, determine the grass planting method as winter-summer green manure annual covering mode; if the tree age type is adult stage, determine the grass planting method as winter green manure covering no-till grass suppression mode.

[0064] Specifically, the summer green manures in the southern forest garden include one or more green manures of clover, cassia, Indian cowpea, black cowpea, etc.; the winter green manures in the southern forest garden include one or more green manures of hairy vetch, smooth-leaved vetch, arrow pea, and sweet clover, etc.; the summer green manures in the southwestern forest garden include one or more green manures of clover, Indian cowpea, black cowpea, and laba bean, etc.; the winter green manures in the southwestern forest garden include one or more green manures of hairy vetch, smooth-leaved vetch, arrow pea, and lathyrus, etc.

[0065] Specifically, the above-mentioned summer green manure in the southern forest garden, winter green manure in the southern forest garden, summer green manure in the southwestern forest garden, and winter green manure in the southwestern forest garden are based on the region and age of the trees, taking into full account the growth, light, space and soil requirements of the citrus trees. Young citrus trees need more light and space, so grass species and hedgerow species with slower growth and lower height can be selected; adult citrus trees need better soil and water conservation and ecological regulation functions, so grass species and hedgerow species with faster growth and developed root systems can be selected; in addition, due to the significant nitrogen fixation effect of leguminous plants, grass species mainly based on leguminous plants are selected in this method.

[0066] Specifically, the age types of citrus orchard trees can be divided into young stage and adult stage. The young stage is the seedling stage and initial fruiting stage of the fruit trees, which lasts for 0-4 years, and the tree height is about 2-3 meters; the adult stage is the peak fruit-bearing stage and aging stage of the fruit trees, which lasts for 4-12 years, and the tree height is about 3-8 meters.

[0067] Specifically, the annual covering mode of winter-summer green manure is: sow winter green manure before and after the rainfall in September-October, turn over the winter green manure in May-June of the following year, and then sow or plant summer green manure in pits; in September-October, turn over the summer green manure and sow winter green manure, and implement a "two sowing and two turning" operation cycle in the first year.

[0068] Specifically, the winter green manure mulch and no-till grass pressing mode is: sow winter green manure when the soil moisture is good in September and October or before and after rainfall, enter the pod setting and natural withering period in April to June of the following year, and appropriately supplement sowing in September and October (reduce the sowing amount by 30%).

[0069] Specifically, if the regional type is southern economic forest garden, the tree age type is young; the grass type is determined to be southern forest garden summer green manure and southern forest garden winter green manure, and the grass planting method is determined to be winter-summer green manure annual covering mode.

[0070] Specifically, if the regional type is southern economic forest garden, the tree age type is adult; the grass type is determined to be southern forest garden winter green manure, and the grass planting method is determined to be winter green manure covering no-till grass suppression mode.

[0071] Specifically, if the regional type is Southwest Economic Forest Garden, the tree age type is young; the grass type is determined to be Southwest Forest Garden summer green manure and Southwest Forest Garden winter green manure, and the grass planting method is determined to be the winter-summer green manure annual covering mode.

[0072] Specifically, if the regional type is Southwest Economic Forest Park, and the tree age type is adult; the grass type is determined to be winter green manure in Southwest Forest Park, and the grass planting method is determined to be winter green manure covering no-till grass suppression mode.

[0073] S230. Planting grass in the grass planting area according to the determined grass type and grass planting method.

[0074] Specifically, the citrus orchard is cleaned before sowing, and the soil is plowed 30-50 cm away from the main trunk of the fruit tree in the planting area; in the plowed area, grass seeds of the grass type are sown according to the grass planting method.

[0075] Specifically, the pre-sowing preparation work includes: clearing obvious stones, large branches, tall trees and weeds in the citrus orchard before sowing; plowing the orchard 30-50 cm away from the main trunk of the fruit tree, with a plowing depth of 10-15 cm, leveling, and breaking up soil clods; when tilling the orchard, you can first apply base fertilizers such as nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer. The recommended amount is 2-3 kg / mu (pure) of nitrogen fertilizer and 3-5 kg / mu (pure) of phosphorus fertilizer. No base fertilizer is required for plots with higher fertility.

[0076] Furthermore, green manure seeds should be dried on a sunny day for 1-2 days before sowing to increase the germination rate of the seeds, promote seed absorption and germination, and ensure uniform emergence.

[0077] Furthermore, the sowing amount of grass seeds can be appropriately increased in the citrus orchard that is sowing for the first time. The recommended amount of milk vetch seeds is 1.5-2 kg / mu, and the recommended amount of vetch, arrowroot pea, clover, etc. is 3-5 kg / mu.

[0078] Furthermore, if the tree age type is young, sow the mixed green manure seeds evenly between the rows of citrus trees, about 30-50 cm away from the main trunk of the tree, ensuring that the seeds touch the ground, and then cover them with branches or straw.

[0079] Furthermore, if the tree age type is adult, no-till seeding can be used for planting, where grass seeds are directly sown between the rows of citrus trees about 30-50 cm away from the main trunk of the tree.

[0080] S240, if the tree age type is young, determine the hedge type to be a low hedge, and determine the hedge planting method to be cutting or transplanting; if the tree age type is adult, determine the hedge type to be a medium-high hedge, and determine the hedge planting method to be direct seeding or transplanting.

[0081] Specifically, low-type plant hedges are generally low shrubs or herbaceous plants, such as one or more of wolfberry, Amorpha fruticosa, and daylily; among them, daylily is a shallow-rooted plant, and its roots are distributed in different soil layers from those of citrus trees, and will not compete with citrus trees.

[0082] Specifically, medium-to-high plant hedges include some shrubs or trees that grow faster, have well-developed root systems, and are resistant to drought and barrenness; for example, one or more of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ligustrum lucidum, and Lantana camara. Among them, Lantana camara grows faster, can grow several meters a year, and can quickly establish a protective barrier.

[0083] Specifically, when citrus trees are young, a winter-summer green manure year-round covering pattern and low plant hedges are adopted to ensure light and ventilation for the citrus trees; when citrus trees are mature, a winter green manure covering and no-tillage grass pressing pattern is generally chosen, and the height of the plant hedges is appropriately increased to improve soil management effects.

[0084] S250: Planting hedges in the hedge planting area according to the determined hedge type and hedge planting method.

[0085] Specifically, the suitable time to plant hedges is spring, usually after the soil thaws and the temperature rises to a suitable temperature. Before planting hedges, the soil should be deeply plowed and leveled, and an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer should be applied.

[0086] Furthermore, the planting density of hedgerows needs to take into account the growth habits of different plants. The planting density of fast-growing and multi-branching plant varieties can be appropriately reduced, while the planting density of slow-growing and less-branching plant varieties needs to be increased. For example, the planting density of Amorpha fruticosa is generally 3-5 plants per meter, while the planting density of Lantana can reach 5-8 plants per meter. In citrus orchards with larger slopes, the planting density of hedgerows should be appropriately increased to enhance its ability to intercept slope runoff and prevent soil erosion. Generally speaking, the planting density can be increased by 10%-20% for every 10-degree increase in slope.

[0087] S260. Manage and maintain planted grass and hedges.

[0088] Specifically, in the early stage of grass growth in young citrus orchards, weeds should be removed in time to avoid weeds competing with grass for nutrients and water; when the grass grows to a certain height, appropriate pruning should be carried out; and watering should be carried out in a timely manner to ensure the growth needs of the grass.

[0089] Specifically, the management of grass in adult citrus orchards should be simplified, without fertilization or weeding. In newly reclaimed or barren citrus orchards, apply fertilizers in moderation, especially phosphate fertilizers. Generally, 10-20 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate or superphosphate and 5-10 kg of potassium sulfate are recommended per mu.

[0090] Specifically, the management of grass should pay attention to timely irrigation when drought occurs, and deep plowing should be carried out every 3 to 7 years, preferably every 5 years or so in combination with autumn ploughing.

[0091] Specifically, after planting the hedgerow, water it in time to keep the soil moist and promote the survival and growth of the hedgerow.

[0092] The present application provides a method for constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard on hilly sloping farmland in southern China, which has the following technical effects:

[0093] Since grass and hedge species have different ecological niches, they differ in space, time and resource utilization. By setting them at intervals and matching them reasonably, we can make full use of ecological space and resources and improve the stability and productivity of the ecosystem. For example, grass species usually have shallow roots and mainly use moisture and nutrients from the surface of the soil; while hedge species have deep roots and can absorb moisture and nutrients from deep in the soil. The combination of the two can improve the utilization efficiency of soil moisture and nutrients. By making full use of the differences and complementarity of ecological functions of different grass and hedge species, we can give full play to the functions of regulating soil temperature and improving soil fertility after grass covers the surface; hedges can loosen the soil, increase soil porosity, promote the activity of soil microorganisms, intercept slope soil, maintain water and soil, and regulate microclimate.

[0094] The embodiment of the present application is based on the principle of ecological adaptability and niche complementarity. Due to the differences in climate, soil type and fertility level in different regions, the different requirements of citrus trees of different tree ages for light, water, nutrients, etc., and according to the geographical location and tree age type, grass species and hedgerow tree species are reasonably selected to better adapt to local climate and soil conditions. A stable, efficient and sustainable ecosystem is constructed to provide a good environment for the growth of citrus trees, while achieving the unity of ecological, economic and social benefits.

[0095] Compared with the current method, the process of tilling and loosening the soil when planting grass every year does not require much manpower and reduces the workload of re-digging ecological ditches in different locations; it reduces the orchard's dependence on microbial preparations and strain preparations, reduces fertilizer input and saves costs.

[0096] The present application also provides a method for constructing a grass plant hedge system for a citrus orchard on a southern hilly sloping farmland, which is used in a citrus base in the Hubei hills (the citrus variety is Lunwan, the tree age is 6 years, and the slope is 27°), which belongs to the southern economic garden and an adult citrus orchard. The steps include:

[0097] (1) In the citrus orchard, every five rows of citrus trees are divided into hedge areas along the contour lines, and planted in single rows; the areas between adjacent hedge areas are grass areas;

[0098] (2) The citrus orchard belongs to the southern economic garden and is an adult citrus orchard. The grass type is determined to be the southern forest garden winter green manure; the grass planting method is determined to be the winter green manure covering no-till grass pressing mode; the southern forest garden winter green manure is selected from hairy vetch seeds; when planting, hairy vetch seeds are selected in late October of the first year for sowing. Before sowing, the green manure seeds should be dried on a sunny day for 1-2 days, and the dosage is 4 kg / mu; the grass seeds are directly sown between the citrus tree rows about 30-50 cm away from the tree trunk in the grass area;

[0099] (3) Select medium-high hedges according to tree age type, specifically Lantana camara; select Lantana camara seedlings for transplanting in the hedge area in early April of the first year, with a planting density of 6 plants per meter;

[0100] According to the method of this embodiment, from the planting effect in the second year, it can be achieved that the surface of the ground can be covered after the grass seeds in the soil germinate naturally, and there is no need to till the ground in the second year.

[0101] The present application also provides a method for constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard on a sloping farmland in the southern hills, which is used in a citrus base in the Hubei hills (the citrus variety is September Red, the tree age is 3 years, and the slope is 18°), belonging to the southern economic garden, a young citrus orchard. The steps include:

[0102] (1) In the citrus orchard, along the contour lines, every eight rows of citrus trees are designated as hedgerow areas, planted in single rows; the areas between adjacent hedgerow areas are grass areas;

[0103] (2) The citrus orchard belongs to the southern economic garden and is a young citrus orchard. The grass types are determined to be the southern forest garden summer green manure and the southern forest garden winter green manure; the grass planting method is determined to be a summer green manure year-round covering mode. Among them, clover is selected for the southern forest garden summer green manure, and hairy vetch is selected for the southern forest garden winter green manure; when planting, clover seeds are selected for sowing in early May of the first year, and the mixed green manure seeds are evenly sown between the rows of citrus trees, about 30-50 cm away from the main trunk of the tree, with a dosage of 3 kg / mu; in late October of the first year, after the summer green manure is turned over, hairy vetch seeds are selected for sowing. Before sowing, the green manure seeds should be selected on a sunny day to dry for 1-2 days, and the dosage is 4 kg / mu; grass seeds are directly sown between the rows of citrus trees about 30-50 cm away from the main trunk of the tree, and then covered with branches or straw;

[0104] Specifically, before planting, the soil should be deeply plowed and leveled, and an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer should be applied;

[0105] (3) According to the tree age type, the hedge type is determined to be a low-rise hedge, and the hedge planting method is determined to be cutting or transplanting; daylily seedlings are selected for the low-rise hedge; when planting, daylily seedlings are selected in early April of the first year for transplanting, and the planting density is 12 plants per meter;

[0106] (4) Management and maintenance of planted grass and hedges

[0107] Specifically, after the grass is planted, weeds should be removed in time and water should be applied at the appropriate time; there is no need to till the grass in the second year, and the surface can be covered after the grass seeds in the soil germinate naturally; if the grass grows poorly, grass seeds can be appropriately sown according to the above method.

[0108] Specifically, depending on the growth, the method of planting hedgerows in the second year is the same as above, and replanting is carried out in the hedgerow area;

[0109] The effect and principle of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application are similar to the above method and will not be described in detail here.

[0110] The present application also provides a method for constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard on a southern hilly sloping farmland, which is used in a citrus base in Chongqing (the citrus variety is Newhall navel orange, the tree age is 8 years, and the slope is 10°), which belongs to the southwest economic garden and is an adult citrus orchard. The steps include:

[0111] (1) In the citrus orchard, along the contour lines, every seven rows of citrus trees are divided into hedge areas, planted in single rows; the areas between adjacent hedge areas are grass areas;

[0112] (2) The citrus orchard belongs to the Southwest Economic Garden and is an adult citrus orchard. The grass type is determined to be the Southwest Forest Garden winter green manure; the grass planting method is determined to be the winter green manure covering no-tillage grass pressing mode; the Southwest Forest Garden winter green manure is selected from glossy vetch seeds; when planting, glossy vetch seeds are selected in late October of the first year for sowing. Before sowing, the green manure seeds should be dried on a sunny day for 1-2 days, and the dosage is 4 kg / mu; the grass seeds are directly sown between the citrus tree rows about 30-50 cm away from the tree trunk in the grass area;

[0113] (3) Select medium-high hedgerows according to tree age type, specifically Robinia pseudoacacia; select Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings and transplant them into the hedgerow area in early April of the first year, with a planting density of 4 plants per meter;

[0114] According to the method of this embodiment, from the planting effect in the second year, it can be achieved that the surface of the ground can be covered after the grass seeds in the soil germinate naturally, and there is no need to till the ground in the second year.

[0115] The effect and principle of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application are similar to the above method and will not be described in detail here.

[0116] The present application also provides a method for constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard on a sloping farmland in the southern hills, which is used in a citrus base in the hills of Chongqing (the citrus variety is Yunyang Red Orange, the tree age is 3 years, and the slope is 9°), belonging to the southwestern economic garden, and a young citrus orchard. The steps include:

[0117] (1) In the citrus orchard, along the contour lines, every 10 rows of citrus trees are designated as hedgerow areas, planted in single rows; the areas between adjacent hedgerow areas are grass areas;

[0118] (2) The citrus orchard belongs to the Southwest Economic Garden, and is a young citrus orchard. The grass types are determined to be the Southwest Forest Garden summer green manure and the Southwest Forest Garden winter green manure; the grass planting method is determined to be a summer green manure year-round covering mode. Among them, clover is selected for the Southwest Forest Garden summer green manure, and glossy vetch is selected for the Southwest Forest Garden winter green manure; when planting, clover seeds are selected for sowing in early May of the first year, and the mixed green manure seeds are evenly sown between the rows of citrus trees, about 30-50 cm away from the main trunk of the tree, with a dosage of 3 kg / mu; in late October of the first year, after the summer green manure is turned over, glossy vetch seeds are selected for sowing. Before sowing, the green manure seeds should be dried on a sunny day for 1-2 days, and the dosage is 4 kg / mu; grass seeds are directly sown between the rows of citrus trees about 30-50 cm away from the main trunk of the tree, and then covered with branches or straw;

[0119] Specifically, before planting, the soil should be deeply plowed and leveled, and an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer should be applied;

[0120] (3) According to the tree age type, the hedge type is determined to be a low-rise hedge, and the hedge planting method is determined to be cutting or transplanting; daylily seedlings are selected for the low-rise hedge; when planting, daylily seedlings are selected in early April of the first year for transplanting, and the planting density is 12 plants per meter;

[0121] (4) Management and maintenance of planted grass and hedges

[0122] Specifically, after the grass is planted, weeds should be removed in time and water should be applied at the appropriate time; there is no need to till the grass in the second year, and the surface can be covered after the grass seeds in the soil germinate naturally; if the grass grows poorly, grass seeds can be appropriately sown according to the above method.

[0123] Specifically, depending on the growth trend, the hedgerow planting method in the second year is the same as above, and replanting is carried out in the hedgerow area.

[0124] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not disclosed by the present invention, are not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and may be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a grass hedge system for a citrus orchard in hilly sloping farmland in southern China, characterized in that: include: Defined intervals of grass and hedge planting areas in the citrus grove according to contour lines or vertical heights; Determine the grass type and grass planting method according to the regional type and tree age type of the citrus orchard, and plant grass in the grass planting area according to the grass type and grass planting method; wherein the regional type includes southern economic forest garden and southwestern economic forest garden; the tree age type includes adult stage and juvenile stage, the grass type includes one or more of southern forest garden summer green manure, southern forest garden winter green manure, southwestern forest garden summer green manure and southwestern forest garden winter green manure; the grass planting method includes a winter-summer green manure year-round covering mode or a winter green manure covering no-tillage grass suppression mode; The hedge type and the hedge planting method are determined according to the tree age type, and the hedge is planted in the hedge planting area according to the hedge type and the hedge planting method; wherein the hedge type includes low-type hedges and medium-high-type hedges.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The summer green manure of the southern forest garden includes one or more green manures of clover, cassia, Indian cowpea, and black cowpea; the winter green manure of the southern forest garden includes one or more green manures of hairy vetch, glossy vetch, arrow pea, and milk vetch; the summer green manure of the southwestern forest garden includes one or more green manures of clover, Indian cowpea, black cowpea, and laba bean; the winter green manure of the southwestern forest garden includes one or more green manures of hairy vetch, glossy vetch, arrow pea, and Lathyrus; The step of determining the grass type and grass planting method according to the regional type and tree age type of the citrus orchard comprises: If the area type is the southern economic forest garden, the tree age type is the young age stage; the grass type is determined to be the southern forest garden summer green manure and the southern forest garden winter green manure, and the grass planting method is determined to be the winter-summer green manure annual covering mode; If the area type is the southern economic forest garden, the tree age type is the adult stage; the grass type is determined to be the winter green manure of the southern forest garden, and the grass planting method is determined to be the winter green manure covering no-tillage grass pressing mode; If the area type is the Southwest Economic Forest Park, the tree age type is the young age period; the grass type is determined to be the summer green manure of the Southwest Forest Park and the winter green manure of the Southwest Forest Park, and the grass planting method is determined to be the winter-summer green manure annual covering mode; If the area type is the Southwest Economic Forest Park, the tree age type is the adult stage; determine that the grass type is the winter green manure of the Southwest Forest Park, and determine that the grass planting method is the winter green manure covering no-till grass suppression mode.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the type of hedge according to the tree age type comprises: If the tree age type is the young age stage, determining the plant hedge type is a low-type plant hedge, and the low-type plant hedge includes one or more of wolfberry, Amorpha fruticosa, and daylily; If the tree age type is the adult stage, the hedge type is determined to be a medium-high type hedge, and the medium-high type hedge includes one or more of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Robinia pseudoacacia, Ligustrum lucidum, and Lantana camara.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the hedge planting method according to the tree age type includes: If the tree age type is the young age stage, determining the planting method of the hedge to be cutting or transplanting; If the tree age type is the adult stage, determine that the planting method of the hedge is direct seeding or transplanting.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Areas of grassed and hedgerowed areas spaced apart from each other in a citrus grove according to contour lines or vertical heights; including: A group of hedgerow areas are divided every 3-8 rows of citrus trees according to contour lines or every 10-24 meters at vertical distances. The hedgerow areas are used to plant single-row or double-row hedgerows; the area between two adjacent hedgerow areas is divided into a grass area.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that planting grass in the grass planting area according to grass type and grass planting method; include; Before sowing, the citrus orchard is cleaned and the planting area is plowed 30-50 cm away from the main trunk of the fruit tree; In the plowed area, grass seeds of the grass type are sown according to the grass planting method.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The step of sowing the grass seeds of the grass type according to the grass planting method comprises: If the tree age type is the young age stage, the mixed grass seeds of the grass type are evenly sown in a broadcasting manner; If the tree age type is the adult stage, the grass seeds are directly sown using the no-till seeding method and covered with branches or straw.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that After the plant hedge is planted, the method further comprises: managing and maintaining the planted grass and the plant hedge; including: If the tree age type is the young stage, weeding, pruning and watering the grass and the hedgerow; If the tree age type is the adult stage, no weeding and no fertilization are performed on the grass and the hedgerows.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The management and maintenance of the planted grass and hedges also includes: The grass and the hedges are deep-turned every 3 to 7 years.

10. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The winter-summer green manure annual covering mode is: sowing winter green manure in September-October, turning over winter green manure in May-June of the following year, sowing or sowing summer green manure in pits; turning over summer green manure and sowing winter green manure in September-October, implementing the "two sowing and two turning" operation cycle in the first year; The winter green manure covering and no-tillage grass suppression mode is: sowing winter green manure in September and October, and supplementary sowing in September and October of the following year.

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