Edible mushroom cultivation system and method

Abstract

This invention relates to an edible mushroom cultivation system and method, and this application proposes an edible mushroom cultivation system. The system comprises an image acquisition module, a control unit, and a spore detection module. The image acquisition module is used to acquire image data of the mushroom cultivation area. The spore detection module is used to qualitatively and / or quantitatively acquire spore data of the mushroom cultivation area. The control unit is communicatively connected to the image acquisition module and the spore detection module. The technical solution of this application proposes to accurately measure the growth status of mixed mushrooms, fungal infection, and pest populations through image acquisition and spore emission monitoring, and to take targeted control measures based on the measurement results. Through scientific methods, the number of pests and the amount of spores related to fungi and mixed mushrooms can be more effectively controlled, reducing pollution to the mushroom growth environment and improving the yield and quality of edible mushrooms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fungal cultivation technology, and in particular to an edible fungi cultivation system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Edible fungi are macrofungi. Studies have shown that light not only affects mycelial growth but also the yield and quality of edible fungi. However, different varieties of edible fungi respond differently to different wavelengths of visible light. Therefore, in the industrial production of edible fungi, timely supplemental lighting based on the growth status of the fungi is a crucial guarantee for improving yield and quality. During the cultivation of edible fungi, pests and diseases have a significant impact on yield and quality. Statistics show that there are over 90 common pests and nearly 30 types of mites affecting edible fungi, with annual yield reductions due to pests estimated at around 25%. While pesticides are used to control pests, overuse can easily occur, threatening food safety and the environment. Pest control in edible fungi mainly employs three methods: physical, chemical, and biological. To ensure the safety of edible fungi for consumption, chemical control methods are not readily available for widespread adoption; physical and biological control methods should be prioritized.

[0003] The existing technology, such as the patent document CN113099946A, proposes a method for cultivating *Matsutake*. This method includes the following steps: S1. Construction of the mushroom house; S2. Land preparation; half a month before sowing, sterilization and insect control treatment of the ground, walls, and surrounding environment within the facility; S3. Culture medium treatment: preparation of the culture medium, followed by pile fermentation at a temperature of 23–28℃; S4. Spreading and sowing of the spawn; S5. Covering with soil and shading: after sowing the spawn, covering with soil using granular humus; S6. Mycelial growth: after 15–20 days, when the mycelium has climbed to the soil surface, topdressing and spraying with insect repellents are carried out as needed for pest and disease control; S7. Fruiting management: when a large number of white fruiting body primordia appear, the temperature is maintained at 16–23℃, and the moisture content of the culture medium reaches 65–70%; S8. Harvesting.

[0004] The existing technology, such as the patent document CN112715272A, proposes a method for off-season cultivation of *Agaricus bisporus* under forest cover, which includes the following steps: 1) Selecting vacant forest land as the cultivation site; 2) After cleaning the site, sterilizing and eliminating pests, loosening the soil to prepare the mushroom bed, with a width of 50-70cm and an aisle width of 40-60cm; 3) Sprinkling a layer of lime powder on the mushroom bed, then sowing the substrate in a 3-layer substrate, 2-layer spawn manner, and finally covering it with 3cm-4cm of soil; 4) The spawn growth stage... Control the temperature of the mushroom bed at 18-25℃; after the soil covering layer is filled with mycelium and the mycelial bundles twist and thicken, spray water to promote fruiting and control the temperature of the mushroom bed at 15-20℃; during the 5-8 days from the differentiation of the primordia of the large-cap mushroom to the maturity of the fruiting body, cool down by spraying to maintain the temperature of the mushroom bed at 14-25℃, the relative humidity of the mushroom bed at 65-75%, and the relative humidity of the air at 90-95%; 5) when the outer layer of mycelial film on the cap just breaks, the cap rolls inward and does not open, and the cap is bell-shaped, it is the suitable time for harvesting.

[0005] The existing technologies mentioned above all rely on prevention to control pests, employing pest control measures during the construction of mushroom houses and mushroom beds. However, the construction of mushroom houses is costly for mushroom growers, resulting in their long service life and the creation of old mushroom houses. Consequently, the continuous and long-term use of spawn farms and mushroom houses leads to changes in the surrounding environment, harboring a large base of pests and diseases, and the damage increases year by year. Prevention can only be achieved through pest control measures before cultivation. However, the pest population in the mushroom houses cannot be significantly changed. Furthermore, the pest control technologies mentioned above are prone to getting out of control when pests are severe in autumn, leading to a significant reduction in mushroom production.

[0006] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the inventors studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Existing light sources for edible fungi are relatively limited, and the use of supplemental lighting relies on the grower's subjective judgment to determine the growth stage of the mushrooms and provide appropriate illumination. This method is not only inefficient but also prone to poor mushroom growth due to human error. The technical solution presented in this application aims to address the impacts of competitive growth of other fungi, fungal infections, and pests on mushroom growth during cultivation. Specifically, considering the growth characteristics of edible fungi, this application focuses on differentiating the differences in light wavelength and intensity requirements between the mycelial stage and the fruiting body stage.

[0008] Furthermore, existing methods for controlling pests in edible fungi, such as electric grids, insect-attracting lamps, and chemical spraying, are not ideal. While electric grids can kill pests, they fail to effectively collect dead insects, leading to contamination of the mushrooms and potentially causing mold growth in the long run. In severe infestations, the effectiveness of electric grids is limited, failing to completely eliminate pests and making it difficult to accurately assess pest populations. Relying on the experience and trial-and-error of mushroom growers to determine control measures can easily delay intervention and lead to inaccurate control methods.

[0009] Therefore, the technical solution involved in this application proposes to accurately measure the growth status of mixed mushrooms, fungal infection, and pest populations through image acquisition and spore emission monitoring, and to take targeted control measures based on the measurement results. Through scientific methods, the number of pests and the amount of spores related to fungi and mixed mushrooms can be controlled more effectively, reducing pollution to the mushroom growth environment and improving the yield and quality of edible fungi. Simultaneously, through precise control of light wavelengths and light intensity, we can provide more suitable growth conditions for edible fungi, promoting their healthy growth and thus improving overall cultivation efficiency and economic benefits.

[0010] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application proposes an edible mushroom cultivation system, including an image acquisition module, a control unit, and a spore detection module. The image acquisition module is used to acquire image data of the mushroom cultivation area. The spore detection module is used to qualitatively and / or quantitatively acquire spore data of the mushroom cultivation area. The control unit is communicatively connected to the image acquisition module and the spore detection module.

[0011] like Figure 1 As shown, when the passively activated spore detection module qualitatively collects fungal spores or mixed mushroom spores, the control unit is configured as follows:

[0012] Based on images of mushrooms acquired by the image acquisition module, images of heterologous organisms distributed in the mushroom cultivation area, and quantitative collection of mushroom spores and / or fungal spores by the spore detection module, a command is generated for the control system to enter protection mode.

[0013] When no abnormalities are found in the image, increase the detection frequency of the spore detection module for quantitative collection of mushroom spores and / or fungal spores.

[0014] In the existing mushroom cultivation process, different stages of mushroom growth result in different pests. For example, mushroom gnats and mushroom flies feed on mycelium, while springtails feed on both mycelium and mushroom body. Different stages of mushroom growth require different pesticides. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the growth stage of the mushroom and the species of pests it is affected by.

[0015] The image acquisition module also includes a first data acquisition unit and a second data acquisition unit. The first data acquisition unit is used to acquire image data of the mushroom cultivation area; the second data acquisition unit is used to acquire image data of pests and pest population density data; the control unit can determine the species information and growth stage information of the mushrooms in the mushroom cultivation area based on the image data of the mushroom cultivation area acquired by the first data acquisition unit, and determine the species information of the pests based on the image data of the pests acquired by the second data acquisition unit. When the population density data of the pests acquired by the second data acquisition unit exceeds a first threshold, the control unit matches the mushroom species information that the determined pest species can damage with the mushroom species information acquired by the first data acquisition unit. The control unit activates the protection mode when the match is successful. When the match fails, the first and second data acquisition units are triggered to acquire data again, and the re-acquired mushroom species information that the pest species can damage is matched with the re-acquired mushroom species information. When the second match is successful, the control unit activates the protection mode. When the second match fails, the control unit activates the first warning. The protection modes include: first protection mode, second protection mode, and third protection mode.

[0016] Preferably, the control unit can preset a mushroom sample database, and when acquiring image data, it can more accurately determine the type of mushroom and its growth stage by comparing mushroom characteristics such as shape, color, height, and size. Preferably, the second data acquisition unit acquires image data of pests, which may include size, color, shape, and characteristics, and further determines the accuracy of the identified pest species based on the type of mushroom being cultivated and its growth stage.

[0017] Unlike existing technologies, the control unit of this invention can adjust different protection or early warning modes based on different matching states between image data of the mushroom cultivation area collected by the first data acquisition unit (determining the mushroom species and growth stage) and image data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit (determining the pest species). Based on this, the problems to be solved by this invention can include: how to accurately identify the species of pests and determine the type and growth stage of mushrooms; and how to more effectively initiate pest control while using agents that are less harmful to the mycelial or fruiting body stages based on the mushroom species and growth stage, thereby reducing the damage to mushroom quality caused by pest control.

[0018] Existing pest control systems are mostly used to kill pests of a certain size, such as mushroom gnats. However, during the cultivation process, mushrooms can be infected by various molds, which can easily cause localized spread and lead to a significant reduction in yield. If not controlled in time, the mold spores are small in size and therefore difficult to detect. Once they multiply in large quantities in the mushroom house, they are difficult to eradicate. Therefore, treatment is needed in the early stages of mold infection in mushrooms.

[0019] Preferably, the control unit can determine that image data of the mushroom cultivation area acquired by the second data acquisition unit above a threshold is abnormal. Image data of the mushroom cultivation area acquired by the second data acquisition unit below the threshold is determined to be normal. The control unit activates a second warning when the image data of the mushroom cultivation area acquired by the first data acquisition unit is abnormal and the population density data of pests acquired by the second data acquisition unit is below a first threshold. The image data includes color, shape, height, and volume determined based on a preset mushroom growth process database and the mushroom growth time in the cultivation area. When the image data of the mushroom cultivation area is determined to be abnormal and the population density data of pests acquired by the second data acquisition unit is below the first threshold, it indicates that the color, shape, height, and volume of the mushrooms have become abnormal, and they may have suffered damage other than pests. Since fungal infection of mushrooms will show a specific color, the damage detected based on this may be caused by fungi, which needs to be treated in time. Therefore, the second warning is activated to prompt the mushroom grower to treat the mushrooms. Since fungal infection is not easy to detect in the early stage, the detection of the color, shape, height, and volume of the mushrooms can reflect the health status of the mushrooms, and thus timely treatment can be carried out.

[0020] Preferably, when the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit exceeds the first threshold, the control unit activates the first protection mode. The control unit adjusts the emission band of the first light-emitting unit to a band range that can attract pests of the same species based on the species information of the pests.

[0021] Existing technologies already exist that utilize lighting equipment to attract and kill pests. For example, patent document CN115597021A discloses a lighting device for cattle sheds, which can periodically capture and kill mosquitoes that gather around the light, thus preventing them from affecting the lighting effect. However, the lighting device in this solution is only set to a single parameter, failing to provide different light parameters according to different growth stages of the crop. Unlike existing technologies, the control unit of this invention can adjust the corresponding protection mode based on the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit, and regulate the light parameters of different light-emitting units according to the species information of the pests. Based on the above distinguishing technical features, the problem to be solved by this invention can include: how to adjust the light parameters of the light-emitting units according to the different growth stages of mushrooms, so as to attract pests of the species that can affect the mushrooms at that growth stage while ensuring the normal growth of the mushrooms, thereby preventing the pests of that species from harming the normal growth of the mushrooms. Since common edible fungi mycelium prefer a dark environment during growth, this invention addresses this issue. During the fruiting stage, except for button mushrooms and large fat mushrooms which can grow and develop normally in a dark environment, other cultivated varieties require a certain amount of diffused light. Existing light distribution systems require manual control. Preferably, this invention also includes a second light-emitting unit. When the second protection mode is not activated, the control unit can adjust the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit based on the mushroom's growth stage information so that the second light-emitting unit can emit light that promotes the mushroom's growth stage. The light parameters include one or more of the following: spectrum, light intensity, and flicker frequency.

[0022] In existing technologies, mushroom farmers employ different pest control methods depending on the number of pests, primarily using physical control methods supplemented by chemical control. However, accurately assessing pest populations requires extensive experience, making it crucial to determine pest numbers for targeted control measures. Therefore, this invention utilizes image analysis to precisely determine the species and population size of pests.

[0023] Preferably, when the pest population density data collected by the second data acquisition unit exceeds the second threshold, the control unit activates the second protection mode. Under the condition that the first protection mode is activated, the control unit adjusts the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit based on the growth stage of the mushroom and the species information of the pests to promote mushroom growth while repelling pests. The second light-emitting unit flashes at a specific frequency based on the control unit's adjustment. When the pest population density data collected by the second data acquisition unit exceeds the second threshold, it indicates that the pest population density has reached a moderate level, requiring enhanced pest control measures. Therefore, while combining pest attraction and control, the second light-emitting unit, with a larger illumination range, is illuminated to emit strobe lights to repel pests. This allows pests unaffected by the strobe lights to still be attracted by the insect-attracting lamp when they approach, achieving a combined near-field and far-field pest control effect. This, combined with the spatial distribution of pests, keeps the pest population density below the second threshold.

[0024] Preferably, the second light-emitting unit is composed of a mixture of at least several types of LED beads, configured with at least red, blue, and yellow LED beads according to the spectral acceptance range for pests and plants. Red and blue light have a regulatory effect on the growth characteristics of fungi, satisfying their growth needs, especially red light, which can regulate bacterial biomass. Yellow light, as monochromatic light simulating sunlight, primarily attracts or repels pests. When yellow light flashes at a higher frequency, some nocturnal pests perceive the environment as still being bright daytime and significantly reduce their activity frequency. When flashing at a lower frequency, some pests not repelled by specific light spectra and frequencies are attracted by the light based on phototaxis and are thus eliminated by the insect-trapping and killing structure in this device. In terms of quantity, the number of signal lights used to regulate fungal growth is relatively greater than those used for insect trapping; fundamentally, the ratio is 2:1, preferably 4:1, and most preferably 5:1. For example, in a preferred embodiment, a set of LED beads consists of 6 LED beads. The central LED is yellow, surrounded by three red and two blue LEDs. This allows the light configuration of this LED unit to be adapted to illuminate the entire plant area. The pest control light attracts or kills pests at the center of the insect-trapping structure, maximizing its effectiveness. Preferably, in conjunction with the control unit and corresponding detection information, the above embodiment also includes the following control modes:

[0025] When the control unit detects that the pest population density data exceeds the second threshold, it further obtains the current pest species through image analysis. If the current pest species belongs to the type that can be repelled by the insect repellent lamp beads, the control unit controls the insect repellent lamp beads to emit light at a flashing frequency that matches the repelling frequency of the current pest species, thereby repelling the corresponding pests.

[0026] When the current pest species cannot be repelled by the insect-repelling LED beads, the control power supply controls the insect-repelling LED beads to emit light at a flashing frequency that attracts the current pest species. Simultaneously, the control unit activates the insect-trapping and killing component, attracting the corresponding pests to a supplementary insect-killing component near the light component for elimination. At the same time, the control unit controls the mushroom growth-regulating LED beads to emit regulatory signal light to the mushrooms in a manner associated with the detected pest's damage pattern. This allows the mushrooms to grow in a way that counteracts or recovers from the pest's damage under the influence of the regulatory signal light. The damage patterns of some pests can vary in several ways. For example, mites bite off mycelium, preventing germination, and springtails attach to the cap and mycorrhizae, feeding on the mycelium. Therefore, this solution fully utilizes the advantage of early detection of pest species and automatically adjusts the light control mode for each pest's damage method. For example, by using the combination of different types and numbers of LEDs, different spectral ranges, frequencies, and brightness of light can be obtained, thereby correspondingly regulating the mushrooms to compensate for missing parts or secrete antagonistic substances, so as to minimize the impact of pests on the mushrooms.

[0027] The above solution enables the automatic provision of the optimal growth environment for mushrooms in response to current pests and the implementation of countermeasures against pests from multiple angles. It also focuses on the mutual constraints and synergies between pests and mushroom growth in terms of light and environment. Based on a pre-configured database, it automatically configures the optimal light control solution path, which can effectively adapt to the modern plant factory cultivation model of mushrooms.

[0028] In actual pest control, mushroom houses that have been used for a longer period of time tend to be more severely infested than newer ones. As a result, physical pest control methods may not be able to control the growth of pest populations. Therefore, mushroom growers may spray chemical pesticides as needed. However, due to the lag in experience-based observation, pest control measures are only taken when pests have caused a certain impact, such as obvious population density or signs of feeding on the mushrooms. When carrying out pest control, it is also necessary to identify the species of pests affecting the mushrooms in order to apply targeted pesticides. Therefore, identifying the species of pests and the timing of chemical pest control measures are particularly important.

[0029] Preferably, when the pest population density data collected by the second data acquisition unit exceeds the third threshold, the control unit activates the third protection mode. The third protection mode, while the second protection mode is activated, simultaneously sprays pesticides corresponding to the mushroom growth stage and pest species into the environment. When the pest population density data collected by the second data acquisition unit exceeds the third threshold, it indicates a severe pest infestation. Collecting pest population density data through the second data acquisition unit provides more real-time information than existing experience-based judgments. When pests cause damage, a combination of physical and chemical control measures is employed to control the pest population density. Compared to existing experience-based judgments, this prevents mushroom losses due to delayed pest assessments and avoids the spread of mushroom diseases caused by contact between pests and mushrooms, thus enhancing the biological stability of the entire cultivation site.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, the first light-emitting unit is configured to attract pests with insect-attracting light and kill the pests with an electric grid so that the pests fall into the first light-emitting unit.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment, the first light-emitting unit is disposed on the top of the mushroom cultivation rack, wherein the mushroom cultivation rack includes at least one layer of net bag for placing the cultivated fungi.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment, a control unit is data-connected to the dosing tank to control the spraying of a drug into the environment. The dosing tank is configured to separate multiple different drugs with several partitions.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment, the breeding rack is equipped with an electric grid of at least one layer, which is connected to a net bag on the same layer of the rack and is controlled by a control unit to activate and kill pests around the net bag.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the net bag is equipped with a mushroom protective cover. The control unit is configured to close the mushroom protective cover when the electric grid is turned on to prevent pests killed by the grid from falling into the net bag. Ventilation holes are provided on the rim of the mushroom protective cover to increase the airflow exchange area of ​​the mushrooms when the net bag is covered. Because pests are relatively light and close to the mushrooms when killed by the electric grid, they are prone to falling into the mushroom cultivation area and spreading diseases. Furthermore, over time, the rotting of the insects can cause mold growth on the mushrooms, seriously harming their quality. The protective cover prevents insect contamination of the mushrooms, and the ventilation holes on the rim of the cover ensure ventilation for the mushrooms, guaranteeing their safety during pest control.

[0035] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a lighting method suitable for fungal cultivation.

[0036] Another aspect of this invention relates to a method for cultivating edible fungi, the method comprising: collecting image data of a fungi cultivation area; collecting image data of pests and population density data of pests; determining the species information and growth stage information of fungi in the fungi cultivation area based on the image data of the fungi cultivation area, and determining the species information of pests based on the image data of pests. When the population density data of pests exceeds a first threshold, matching the fungi species information that the determined pest species can damage with the fungi species information; activating a protection mode when the match is successful; triggering data collection again when the match fails, and matching the fungi species information that the pest species can damage again with the fungi species information collected again; activating a protection mode when the second match is successful; activating a first warning when the second match fails; wherein the protection modes include: a first protection mode, a second protection mode, and a third protection mode.

[0037] According to a preferred embodiment, the method further includes: when the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit is lower than a first threshold, determining the image data of the mushroom cultivation area above the threshold as abnormal; determining the image data of the mushroom cultivation area below the threshold as normal; and activating a second warning when the image data of the mushroom cultivation area is abnormal and the population density data of pests is lower than the first threshold; wherein, the image data includes color, shape, height, and volume determined based on a preset mushroom growth process database and the mushroom growth time in the cultivation area.

[0038] Critical thresholds, first thresholds, second thresholds, and third thresholds are key data points used to determine and trigger different operating conditions. It should be noted that these key judgment criteria can be set differently based on different usage scenarios in this application. Critical thresholds can be based on the normal range of parameters such as the color, shape, height, and volume of the mushrooms. Data sources are usually based on statistical analysis of a large amount of mushroom growth data, combined with professional knowledge and experience, and may refer to scientific research, historical production data, or expert advice to form a database for comparative analysis. The first threshold is used to determine the population density of pests; below this value, the impact of pests on mushrooms can be considered within a controllable range. Data sources for the first threshold may include historical pest outbreak data, empirical observations, and suggestions from academic research; it can even be set by analyzing historical data using machine learning models. The second threshold is used to trigger enhanced protective measures, such as activating a second protection mode. When the pest density exceeds this threshold, it indicates a more severe pest situation, requiring more aggressive control measures. Setting this value requires consideration of the direct impact on mushroom growth and the difficulty of pest control; data can also come from past production records, experimental data, or expert advice. The third threshold is used to determine whether chemical pest control is necessary, i.e., activating the third protection mode. This value is typically set at a level where pests pose a significant threat to the mushrooms. Reference points may include lessons learned from historical large-scale pest events, severe damage, and current best practices. For example, for the high-value Boletus edulis mushroom, which requires meticulous cultivation, the threshold could be a color threshold (inactivated areas of Boletus edulis are prone to oxidation) and a volume threshold (Boletus edulis is susceptible to parasitic pests and diseases). Normal Boletus edulis should range in color from light brown to dark brown during growth. Through image analysis, a color deviation range is set, such as ±10% chromaticity change; exceeding this range is considered abnormal. Mushroom flies are one of the most common and easily encountered pests in Boletus edulis cultivation. For monitoring mushroom fly density, the first threshold can be 1–5 flies / cm². 3 The second threshold can be 10 individuals / cm². 3 The third threshold can be 15 individuals / cm². 3 . Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware data transmission relationship of an edible fungus cultivation system according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a simplified structural diagram of the first light-emitting unit of an edible fungus cultivation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a simplified overall structural diagram of an edible fungus cultivation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention for a lighting method suitable for fungal cultivation;

[0043] Figure 5 This is an example diagram illustrating the relative positional relationship between the spore filtering module and the spore detection module of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a second example diagram illustrating the relative positional relationship between the spore filtering module and the spore detection module of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a third example diagram illustrating the relative positional relationship between the spore filtering module and the spore detection module of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring process for competitive growth of mixed mushrooms and fungal infection according to the present invention.

[0047] List of reference numerals

[0048] 10: First light-emitting unit; 20: LED light source; 30: Electric grid; 40: Drug delivery box; 50: First net bag; 60: Mushroom protective cover; 70: Second net bag; 80: Third net bag; 90: Second light-emitting unit; 100: Fourth net bag; 200: Image acquisition module; 210: First data acquisition unit; 220: Second data acquisition unit; 300: Spore detection module; 310: Photoelectric sensor; 320: Electronic system; 330: Data processing system; 400: Control unit; 500: Spore filtering module; 510: First airflow channel; 520: Second airflow channel. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Mixed mushroom spores: Spores produced by non-target cultivated fungi in edible mushroom cultivation or natural environments. These spores may originate from wild or undesirable species, and when present in edible mushroom cultivation environments, they may interfere with the growth of the target fungi or compete with them for growth, even leading to contamination and reduced yield.

[0051] Heterogeneous organism images: Images containing organisms from different biological sources or species. In this application, other miscellaneous mushrooms that are not the target cultivated fungi in the mushroom images acquired by the image acquisition module 200 are heterogeneous organism images.

[0052] Spore release: The number of spores released into the environment by fungi or other spore-producing biological units within a certain period of time. In this application, cultivated mushrooms, mixed mushrooms, and fungi that may infect mushrooms are all considered spore-producing biological units. The spore release detected in the edible mushroom cultivation area can be the total spore concentration. Alternatively, the spore release detected in the edible mushroom cultivation area can also be the spore concentration of a specific species among the cultivated mushrooms, mixed mushrooms, or fungi that may infect mushrooms. The unit for real-time spore concentration detection can be spores / cm³. 3 .

[0053] Different spores possess unique diffraction-polarization fingerprint characteristics. The spore detection module 300 can utilize diffraction-polarization image fingerprint features and machine learning to identify the diffraction-polarization fingerprint characteristics of different spores in real time, achieving qualitative spore detection. The spore detection module 300 can also identify the biological morphology of different spores in real time based on spore biological morphology data stored in a database, achieving qualitative spore detection.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] This embodiment provides a mushroom cultivation system based on a spore detection module 300 and an image acquisition module 200. This embodiment also provides a mushroom cultivation system for detecting mushroom diseases. Furthermore, this embodiment provides a mushroom cultivation system for detecting competitive growth of mixed mushroom species.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the spore detection module 300 is installed within the edible mushroom cultivation area or the gas flow path of the edible mushroom cultivation area. The spore detection module 300 is configured to collect airborne spores in the edible mushroom cultivation area quantitatively and / or qualitatively through airflow circulation. The device also includes a photoelectric sensor 310. The spore image is magnified and projected onto the photoelectric sensor 310. The photoelectric sensor 310 converts the received light signal into an electrical signal, which is then amplified, filtered, and digitized by the electronic system 320. The data processed by the electronic system 320 is transmitted to the data processing system 330, where the built-in software algorithm further analyzes and processes the data to determine parameters such as spore type, quantity, and concentration.

[0057] The system also includes a spore filtration module 500. The spore filtration module 500 comprises a spore filtration assembly. It also includes a fan for drawing in air. The spore filtration module 500 further includes a first airflow channel 510 for drawing in air from the edible mushroom cultivation area and a second airflow channel 520 for releasing the filtered air. The air drawn in by the first airflow channel 510 is filtered by the spore filtration assembly and then discharged through the second airflow channel 520. Preferably, the spore filtration assembly can be a filter mesh with a pore size of 1–20 μm. For example, the first airflow channel 510 is designed as an inlet located at the front or side of the spore filtration module 500. This inlet faces directly towards the edible mushroom cultivation area to effectively collect air within the area. After entering through the first airflow channel 510, the air flows through the spore filtration assembly. At this time, the filter mesh intercepts spores and particulate matter in the air. The filtered air then exits through the second airflow channel 520. The second airflow duct 520 is typically designed as an outlet, located on the other side or top of the spore filter module 500, and is responsible for releasing the filtered clean air back into the environment or directing it to a specific exhaust area (e.g., back to the edible mushroom cultivation area).

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, the spore filtration module 500 is located outside the edible mushroom cultivation area, and both the first airflow channel 510 and the second airflow channel 520 are equipped with a gas flow pipe. The two ends of the first airflow channel 510 and the second airflow channel 520 are respectively connected to the edible mushroom cultivation area and the spore filtration module 500. The spore detection module 300 is located on the path before the gas enters the spore filtration assembly.

[0059] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the spore filtration module 500 can be installed within the edible mushroom cultivation area. The spore detection module 300 can be installed in the path of the gas entering the spore filtration module 500. Furthermore, the spore detection module 300 can be installed within the edible mushroom cultivation area, outside the spore filtration module 500.

[0060] like Figure 8 As shown, when the passively activated spore detection module 300 qualitatively collects spores from mixed mushrooms, it is controlled by a command sent by the control unit 400 to activate the spore detection module 300 and quantitatively collect the concentration data of mushroom spores. The data includes the concentration of mixed mushroom spores and / or the concentration of cultured mushroom spores.

[0061] like Figure 8 As shown, when the amount of mixed mushroom spores released is greater than a preset threshold or the ratio of the amount of mixed mushroom spores to the amount of cultured mushroom spores is higher than a preset threshold, the image acquisition module 200 is turned on to obtain the coverage rate of mixed mushrooms.

[0062] like Figure 8As shown, when the amount of mixed mushroom spores released is greater than a preset threshold or the ratio of mixed mushroom spores to cultivated mushroom spores is higher than a preset threshold, and the coverage rate of mixed mushrooms collected by the image acquisition module 200 is higher than a preset threshold, the control unit 400 generates an early warning message prompting the person in charge to handle the mixed mushrooms.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, when the amount of mixed mushroom spores discharged is less than a preset threshold or the ratio of mixed mushroom spores to cultivated mushroom spores discharged is lower than a preset threshold, the control unit 400 generates instructions for adjusting the gas flow rate of the spore filtration module 500 based on the ratio of mixed mushroom spores to cultivated mushroom spores discharged. The amount of mixed mushroom spores discharged is positively proportional to the gas flow rate, that is, if the amount of mixed mushroom spores discharged increases, the operating frequency of the spore detection module 300 increases, and the gas flow rate for collecting spores in the spore detection module 300 increases, as shown in the following formula (1).

[0064] (1)

[0066] Where V0 represents the gas flow rate before adjustment; V represents the gas flow rate after adjustment; V max Indicates the maximum gas flow rate that the equipment can achieve; V min Indicates the minimum gas flow rate that the equipment can achieve; C z This indicates the amount of spores released by mixed mushrooms, expressed in units of spores / m³. 3 C min Indicates the minimum acceptable concentration of mixed mushroom spores; T z This represents a preset threshold for the amount of spores excreted by mixed mushrooms, in units of spores / m³. 3 .

[0067] Through dynamic monitoring by the spore detection module 300, the system can monitor the concentration changes of mixed mushroom spores in real time. When the detected amount of mixed mushroom spores emitted or the ratio of cultivated edible mushroom spores exceeds a preset threshold, the system automatically increases the gas flow rate in the airflow channel. This mechanism accelerates the collection and filtration of mixed mushroom spores by increasing air circulation, effectively reducing their accumulation in the environment and lowering the risk of contamination to cultivated mushrooms.

[0068] H(C)=-plog(p)-(1-p)log(1-p)…(2)

[0069] in, C z This indicates the amount of spores released by mixed mushrooms, expressed in units of spores / m³. 3 ;T z This represents a preset threshold for the amount of spores excreted by mixed mushrooms, in units of spores / m³. 3 Based on formula (2), the entropy value of the amount of mushroom spores discharged is standardized between 0 and 1.

[0070] The adjustment formula for the detection frequency K (times / day) is shown in formula (3):

[0071] K=K0×(1+α×H(C))…(3)

[0072] Where K0 represents the detection frequency before adjustment, in units of times / day; α represents the entropy adjustment factor α for adjusting the number of detections.

[0073] As the gas flow rate increases, the operating frequency of the spore detection module 300 adjusts synchronously. This adjustment improves detection efficiency, enabling the system to collect air samples more frequently, ensuring real-time monitoring and rapid response capabilities for spore emissions. Based on high-frequency feedback from the detection data, the system can quickly adjust environmental parameters when factors affecting edible fungi growth approach the red line (i.e., the threshold requiring human intervention), providing optimal growth conditions for cultivated mushrooms, thereby ensuring their healthy growth and increasing yield.

[0074] Meanwhile, when the amount of mushroom spores released decreases to a safe level, the system will correspondingly reduce the gas flow rate and detection frequency, thereby reducing energy consumption and maintaining a stable cultivation environment. This intelligent management not only improves production efficiency but also optimizes resource utilization and ensures the quality of cultivated mushrooms.

[0075] Because different varieties may have varying sensitivities to environmental changes or spore production, the entropy adjustment factor α can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different mushroom varieties. Table 1 is an example table that contains some common mushroom varieties and their corresponding entropy adjustment factor α values.

[0076] Table 1

[0077] Mushroom varieties Entropy adjustment factor (α) mushroom 0.4 Mushroom 0.3 Enoki mushrooms 0.5 Oyster mushrooms 0.6 King oyster mushroom 0.35 straw mushroom 0.45 Lion's mane mushroom 0.5 Ganoderma lucidum 0.6 Morel mushrooms 0.55 Chicken leg mushroom 0.4

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown, when the passively activated spore detection module 300 qualitatively collects fungal spores, the image acquisition module 200 is activated under the control of the command sent by the control unit 400, and acquires images of the mushroom to confirm the distribution density of the first feature related to lesions / ulceration on the mushroom surface. When the distribution density of the first feature exceeds a preset threshold, the spore detection module 300 is activated to quantitatively collect the concentration data of fungal spores.

[0079] like Figure 8 As shown, when the amount of fungal spores discharged exceeds a preset threshold and the distribution density of the first feature acquired by the image acquisition module 200 is higher than the preset threshold, the control unit 400 generates an early warning message prompting the person in charge to handle the fungus.

[0080] The preset thresholds for spore concentration and mixed mushroom coverage in this application can be derived from historical data accumulation or literature research. Information on the concentrations of mixed mushroom spores and cultivated mushroom spores under different conditions will be collected through laboratory and field trials to assess the impact of different spore concentrations and ratios on the health status of mushrooms and the degree of influence of mixed mushrooms. Furthermore, by collecting and analyzing past cultivation records, especially yield and quality data under different spore levels and mixed mushroom coverage, the spore concentration thresholds that significantly affect yield or quality will be determined. Data sources can also be publicly available literature or expert advice, such as the article "CULTIVODE COGUMELOS COMESTIVEISDO GENERO Pleurotus spp EM RESIDUOSAGROINDUSTRIAIS. ALEX SALVANY FEL." which describes a fungus that produces a large number of spores 2–4 days before hatching and competes with cultivated edible fungi for growth.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] This embodiment provides a mushroom cultivation system for detecting pests and diseases in mushrooms.

[0083] like Figures 2-3 As shown, the lighting system of the present invention includes a first data acquisition unit 210, a second data acquisition unit 220, and a control unit 400. The first data acquisition unit 210 is used to acquire image data of the mushroom cultivation area; the second data acquisition unit 220 is used to acquire image data of pests and pest population density data; the control unit 400 can determine the type information and growth stage information of the mushrooms in the mushroom cultivation area based on the image data of the mushroom cultivation area acquired by the first data acquisition unit 210, and determine the species information of the pests based on the image data of the pests acquired by the second data acquisition unit 220. When the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit 220 exceeds the first threshold, the control unit 400 matches the mushroom species information that the pests can damage with the mushroom species information collected by the first data acquisition unit 210. If the match is successful, the control unit 400 activates the protection mode. If the match fails, the first data acquisition unit 210 and the second data acquisition unit 220 are triggered to collect data again, and the control unit 400 matches the mushroom species information that the pests can damage with the mushroom species information collected again. If the second match is successful, the control unit 400 activates the protection mode. If the second match fails, the control unit 400 activates the first warning. The protection modes include: first protection mode, second protection mode, and third protection mode.

[0084] According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit 400 can determine that image data of the mushroom cultivation area acquired by the second data acquisition unit 220 above a threshold is abnormal, and image data of the mushroom cultivation area acquired by the second data acquisition unit 220 below the threshold is normal. The control unit 400 activates a second warning when the image data of the mushroom cultivation area acquired by the first data acquisition unit 210 is abnormal and the population density data of pests acquired by the second data acquisition unit 220 is below a first threshold. The image data includes color, shape, height, and volume determined based on a preset mushroom growth process database and the mushroom growth time in the cultivation area.

[0085] According to a preferred embodiment, when the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit 220 exceeds a first threshold, the control unit 400 activates a first protection mode. The control unit 400 adjusts the emission band of the first light-emitting unit 10 to a band range capable of attracting pests of that species based on the pest species information. Preferably, the first threshold can be 2 pests per square centimeter. The first protection mode involves activating the first light-emitting unit 10, which is equipped with an LED light source 20. The control unit 400 is configured to adjust the band range of the first light-emitting unit 10 based on the pest species, ensuring that the band range of the first light-emitting unit 10 attracts pests of that species. Preferably, the control unit 400 can preset a mushroom sample database, and when acquiring image data, it can more accurately determine the type of mushroom and its growth stage by comparing mushroom characteristics such as shape, color, height, and size. Preferably, the second data acquisition unit 220 acquires image data of pests, which may include size, color, shape, feature comparison, and further determines whether the species of the pest is accurate based on the type of mushroom being cultivated and the growth stage of the mushroom.

[0086] According to a preferred embodiment, a second light-emitting unit 90 is also included. When the second protection mode is not activated, the control unit 400 can adjust the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit 90 based on the growth stage information of the mushroom, so that the second light-emitting unit 90 can emit light that promotes the growth stage of the mushroom. The light parameters include one or more of spectrum, light intensity, and flicker frequency. When the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit 220 exceeds a second threshold, the control unit 400 activates the second protection mode. Under the condition that the first protection mode is activated, the control unit 400 adjusts the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit 90 based on the growth stage of the mushroom and the species information of the pests to promote the growth of the mushroom while repelling the pests. The second light-emitting unit 90 flickers at a specific frequency based on the control unit 400's adjustment. Preferably, the second threshold can be 4 pests per square centimeter, at which point the control unit 400 activates the second protection mode. The second protection mode activates the second light-emitting unit 90 simultaneously with the first protection mode. The second light-emitting unit 90 is configured to emit strobe lights based on the growth stage of the mushroom and the species of pests, promoting mushroom growth while repelling pests. Preferably, the second light-emitting unit 90 has multiple light sources and sensors. The emitted light from these multiple light sources has a peak emission wavelength in the green to red region, flashing at a frequency that has an insect-repelling effect to illuminate the cultivation area. The second light-emitting unit 90 has a light source with varying light intensity. The emitted light from these light sources has a peak emission wavelength in the green to red region, and the light intensity of the light source varies periodically according to the main pulse and sub-pulses. The main pulse repeats a bright period and a relatively dark period where the time-averaged brightness is relatively darker than the bright period. The sub-pulses are pulses within the bright period or the relatively dark period, and the frequency of the sub-pulses is more than four times the frequency of the main pulse. Preferably, the power of the second light-emitting unit 90 can be 40W. For mushrooms like shiitake, the light color can be yellow or green to regulate the cyclic adenosine monophosphate in shiitake mushrooms, promoting the production of inducing substances. For example, when cultivating shiitake mushrooms, during the mycelial growth stage, the control unit 400 can control the second light-emitting unit 90 to emit nine monochromatic and combined light qualities: red, yellow, red-blue, yellow-blue, blue, green, blue-green, red-yellow, and red-green. All of these can promote the growth of the shiitake mushroom mycelium. When the shiitake mushrooms change color, the control unit 400 can control the second light-emitting unit 90 to emit green and blue light to further promote color change. Preferably, the second light-emitting unit 90 is equipped with several monochromatic LEDs, such as one or more of yellow, red, blue, and green LEDs. The second light-emitting unit 90 can superimpose the light emitted by different LEDs to achieve mixed-light illumination.

[0087] According to a preferred embodiment, when the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit 220 exceeds a third threshold, preferably 6 pests per square centimeter, the control unit 400 activates a third protection mode. The third protection mode, while activating the second protection mode, simultaneously sprays pesticides corresponding to the pest species and growth stage of the mushroom into the environment. For example, mushroom flies primarily damage mushrooms. If mushroom flies occur before mushroom growth, spray with a 1000-fold dilution of dichlorvos or a 0.1% rotenone solution. Spray 2-3 times when there are no mushrooms on the mushroom bed. After mushroom growth, only pyrethroids or cypermethrin solutions should be sprayed. Mites mainly harm shiitake mushrooms and black fungus. Spray 500 ml of 0.5% dichlorvos solution per square meter for control. For mites on black fungus wood, spray with an 800-fold dilution of 20% wettable acaricide. Slugs mainly harm shiitake mushrooms, silver ear mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, black fungus, and button mushrooms. Spray with perilla water where slugs move in the evening, or spray with 5% saline solution where slugs move. Nematodes mainly harm mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, black fungus, and oyster mushrooms. Spray black fungus with 1% lime water supernatant or 5% saline solution. Springtails mainly damage shiitake mushrooms, black fungus, button mushrooms, and silver ear fungus. Before fruiting, they can be killed by spraying with 0.2% dimethoate emulsion. After fruiting, they can be killed with 2.5% rotenone emulsion or 20% pyrethroid insecticide at a dilution of 800-1000 times. False ground beetles mainly damage black fungus; they can be killed by spraying the fungus field and surrounding ground with 80% dichlorvos solution.

[0088] According to a preferred embodiment, the first light-emitting unit 10 is configured to attract pests with insect-attracting light and kill them via an electric grid 30, causing the pests to fall into the first light-emitting unit 10 for collection. Preferably, the wavelength of the first light-emitting unit 10 can be selected from 365nm, 405nm, 420nm, and 450nm, among which 365nm and 420nm light sources have the most outstanding mosquito-attracting performance. In a dark room without people, a 420nm monochromatic LED light source 20 can be used.

[0089] According to a preferred embodiment, the first light-emitting unit 10 is disposed on the top of the mushroom cultivation rack, wherein the mushroom cultivation rack includes at least one layer of net bag for placing the cultivated fungi.

[0090] According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit 400 is data-connected to the dosing tank 40 to control the dosing tank 40 to spray a drug into the environment. The dosing tank 40 is configured to separate multiple different drugs with several partitions.

[0091] According to a preferred embodiment, the breeding rack is provided with an electric grid 30 of not less than one layer. The electric grid 30 is connected to the net bag on the same layer of the rack and is controlled by the control unit 400 to open and kill pests around the net bag.

[0092] According to a preferred embodiment, the net bag is equipped with a mushroom protective cover 60, and the control unit 400 is configured to close the mushroom protective cover 60 when the electric grid 30 is turned on to prevent pests killed by the electric grid 30 from falling into the net bag. Ventilation holes are provided on the edge of the mushroom protective cover 60 to increase the airflow exchange area of ​​the mushrooms when the net bag is covered.

[0093] According to a preferred embodiment, the present invention includes a mushroom cultivation rack. A medicine box 40 is placed at the top of the rack. Four sets of vertical rods, arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface, are arranged from top to bottom as a first net bag 50, a second net bag 70, a third net bag 80, and a fourth net bag 100. A horizontal frame is fixed to the front and rear sides of each of the four net bags, and a set of fixing rods is provided on the left and right sides. Fixing sleeves are welded to the left and right ends of each set of horizontal frames, and these fixing sleeves are fitted onto the vertical rods. A set of back plates is hinged to the rear ends of each of the three net bags, and two sets of tie structures are provided on the upper left and right sides of the back plates. The upper ends of the tie structures are fitted onto a third connecting rod. The third connecting rod is installed between two sets of second connecting rods arranged parallel to each other. A first connecting rod is vertically welded to the left and right sides of the upper end of each set of second connecting rods.

[0094] According to a preferred embodiment, the first net bag 50, the second net bag 70, the third net bag 80 and the fourth net bag 100 are all made of the same material, all of which are stainless steel net bags, and are arranged vertically in parallel. Furthermore, a set of first connecting rods is vertically arranged at the four corners of the bottom of each of the four net bags.

[0095] According to a preferred embodiment, the bottom ends of the four sets of vertical rods are provided with bases, and the upper end of each set of vertical rods is fitted with a sleeve. Multiple sets of screw holes are opened vertically aligned on the outer side of each set of vertical rods, and a set of roller structures are installed at the bottom end of each set of vertical rods.

[0096] According to a preferred embodiment, a set of fixing bolts is screwed onto the outer surface of each set of fixing sleeves, and the front end of the fixing bolts can be screwed into a set of screw holes on the vertical rod, and the fixing sleeves and the vertical rods are detachably connected.

[0097] According to a preferred embodiment, the upper end of the tie structure is sleeved on the third connecting rod, and the upper end of the tie structure can slide back and forth on the third connecting rod, and the tie structure is made of a super elastic band material.

[0098] like Figure 4 As shown, another aspect of the present invention relates to a lighting method suitable for fungal cultivation, comprising:

[0099] S1: Collect image data of the mushroom cultivation area;

[0100] S2: Collect image data of pests and population density data of pests;

[0101] S3: Determine the species information and growth stage information of mushrooms in the mushroom cultivation area based on image data of the mushroom cultivation area, and determine the species information of pests based on image data of pests. When the population density data of pests exceeds the first threshold, match the mushroom species information that the determined pest species can damage with the mushroom species information.

[0102] S4: Enable protection mode upon successful matching;

[0103] S5: When a match fails, trigger data collection again and match the mushroom species information that the pests can damage in the recollected mushroom species information with the mushroom species information collected in the recollected mushroom species information.

[0104] S6: When the second match is successful, the protection mode is activated. The protection modes include: first protection mode, second protection mode, and third protection mode.

[0105] S7: Enable the first alert when the second match fails;

[0106] S8: When the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit 220 is lower than the first threshold, the image data of the mushroom cultivation area is judged to be normal based on whether it is higher than the critical value.

[0107] S9: Image data of mushroom cultivation areas exceeding the threshold value are identified as abnormal;

[0108] S10: Image data of mushroom cultivation areas below the critical value are judged as normal;

[0109] S11: When the image data of the mushroom cultivation area is abnormal and the population density of pests is lower than the first threshold, the second warning is activated. The image data includes color, shape, height and volume determined based on a preset mushroom growth process database and the mushroom growth time in the cultivation area.

[0110] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention. These solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An edible mushroom cultivation system, characterized in that, include The image acquisition module (200) is used to acquire image data of the mushroom cultivation area. A spore detection module (300) is used for qualitative and / or quantitative collection of spore data from the mushroom cultivation area, and a control unit (400) is configured to communicate with the image acquisition module (200) and the spore detection module (300). When the passively activated spore detection module (300) qualitatively collects fungal spores or mixed mushroom spores, the control unit (400) is configured as follows: Based on the mushroom images acquired by the image acquisition module (200), the images of heterologous organisms distributed in the mushroom cultivation area, and the quantitative acquisition of mushroom spores and / or fungal spores by the spore detection module (300), an instruction is generated for the control system to enter the protection mode, wherein, When no abnormalities are found in the image, the detection frequency of the spore detection module (300) for quantitatively collecting mushroom spores and / or fungal spores is increased; The image acquisition module (200) includes: The first data acquisition unit (210) is used to acquire image data of the mushroom cultivation area; The second data acquisition unit (220) is used to acquire image data of the pests and population density data of the pests; the control unit (400) is configured to: Based on the image data of the mushroom cultivation area collected by the first data acquisition unit (210), the species information and growth stage information of the mushrooms in the mushroom cultivation area are determined; based on the image data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit (220), the species information of the pests is determined, wherein, When the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit (220) exceeds the first threshold, the control unit (400) matches the mushroom species information that the pests of the determined species can damage with the mushroom species information collected by the first data acquisition unit (210). When the matching is successful, the control unit (400) activates the protection mode. When the matching fails, the first data acquisition unit (210) and the second data acquisition unit (220) are triggered to collect data again. The control unit (400) matches the mushroom species information that the pests of the determined species can damage with the mushroom species information collected again. When the second matching is successful, the control unit (400) activates the protection mode. When the second matching fails, the control unit (400) activates the first warning. When the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit (220) is lower than the first threshold, the control unit (400) can determine the image data of the mushroom cultivation area collected by the second data acquisition unit (220) that is higher than the threshold as abnormal, and determine the image data of the mushroom cultivation area collected by the second data acquisition unit (220) that is lower than the threshold as normal. The control unit (400) activates a second warning when the image data of the mushroom cultivation area collected by the first data acquisition unit (210) is abnormal and the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit (220) is lower than the first threshold. The image data includes color, shape, height and volume determined based on a preset mushroom growth process database and the mushroom growth time of the cultivation area.

2. The edible fungus cultivation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit (220) exceeds the first threshold, the control unit (400) activates the first protection mode. The control unit (400) adjusts the light emission band of the first light emission unit (10) to a band range that can attract pests of the specified species based on the species information of the pests.

3. The edible fungus cultivation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a second light-emitting unit (90). When the second protection mode is not activated, the control unit (400) can adjust the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit (90) based on the growth stage information of the mushroom so that the second light-emitting unit (90) can emit light that promotes the growth stage of the mushroom. The optical parameters include one or more of the following: spectrum, light intensity, and scintillation frequency.

4. The edible fungus cultivation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit (220) exceeds the second threshold, the control unit (400) activates the second protection mode. Under the condition that the first protection mode is activated, the control unit (400) adjusts the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit (90) based on the growth stage of the mushroom and the species information of the pest to promote the growth of the mushroom and drive away the pest. The second light-emitting unit (90) flashes at a specific frequency based on the control unit (400).

5. The edible fungus cultivation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the population density data of pests collected by the second data acquisition unit (220) exceeds the third threshold, the control unit (400) activates the third protection mode. Under the condition that the second protection mode is activated, the control unit (400) simultaneously sprays pesticides corresponding to the growth stage of the fungus and the species of the pest into the environment based on the species of the pest and the growth stage of the fungus.

6. The edible fungus cultivation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first light-emitting unit (10) is configured to attract pests with insect-attracting light and kill the pests with an electric grid (30) so that the pests fall into the first light-emitting unit (10) for collection.

7. The edible fungus cultivation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control unit (400) is data-connected to the dosing box (40) to control the dosing box (40) to spray the agent into the environment, wherein the dosing box (40) is configured to separate multiple different agents with a plurality of partitions.

8. A method for cultivating edible fungi using the edible fungi cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: Collect image data of the mushroom cultivation area; Collect image data of the pests and population density data of the pests; Based on image data of the mushroom cultivation area, the species and growth stage information of the mushrooms in the mushroom cultivation area are determined, and based on image data of the pests, the species information of the pests is determined. When the population density data of the pests exceeds a first threshold, the mushroom species information that the pests of the determined species can damage is matched with the mushroom species information. Enable protection mode upon successful matching; If a match fails, trigger a re-collection of data and match the mushroom species information that the pests of the aforementioned genus can damage with the mushroom species information collected again. Enable protection mode upon successful second match; Enable the first alert if the second match fails.

Images