Intercropping method for channel catfish and macrobrachium rosenbergii and catching and sorting system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fish and shrimp culture, in particular to a channel catfish and macrobrachium rosenbergii intercropping method and a catching and sorting system.The method comprises the following steps that 1, pond preparation is conducted, specifically, pond basic conditions, a dam, a spillway and a buffer zone are included, and disinfection is conducted; 2, fry stocking, wherein macrobrachium rosenbergii stocking, channel catfish stocking and filter-feeding animal stocking are included; step 3, feed preparation; step 4, feeding with feed; 5, daily management, wherein water quality regulation and control, temperature regulation and control and disease prevention are included; step 6, capturing; 7, sorting the fishes and the shrimps; according to the method, through intercropping of channel catfish and macrobrachium rosenbergii, full utilization of space is achieved by utilizing living space characteristics of different water bodies; the two kinds of fishes are omnivorous animals, so that certain overlapping exists in the food range, and the utilization efficiency of the feed is improved to a certain extent; in addition, material exchange of water can be promoted to improve water quality. And the method has obvious ecological and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fish breeding, and in particular to a method for culturing channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii and a fishing and sorting system. Background Art

[0002] Channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii interbreeding is a new type of aquaculture model that breeds two different types of aquatic animals together to achieve full utilization of resources and ecological balance. This interbreeding method can not only improve aquaculture efficiency, but also reduce environmental pollution, and has important economic and ecological value.

[0003] Channel catfish is a large freshwater fish with the characteristics of fast growth and delicious meat. Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a large freshwater shrimp that grows rapidly and has a large market demand. There are some problems in breeding channel catfish or Macrobrachium rosenbergii alone, such as insufficient utilization of pond space and feed resources, and difficulty in regulating water quality. Therefore, developing a method for breeding channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii is of great significance for improving breeding efficiency and ecological benefits. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the background technology and provide a method for culturing channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii and a fishing and sorting system. The method realizes full utilization of resources and ecological balance and improves breeding efficiency and ecological benefits by rationally planning the steps of pond preparation, seed stocking, feed preparation, feed feeding, daily management, capture and fish and shrimp sorting.

[0005] During the pond preparation stage, select ponds with appropriate areas, sufficient water sources and good water quality, set up dams, spillways and buffer zones, disinfect and plant aquatic plants, and control the transparency of the water. When stocking seedlings, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is stocked twice, channel catfish and filter-feeding fish are stocked once, and the stocking quantity and specifications are determined according to different stages and species. Different particle sizes need to be considered in feed production to meet the needs of different growth stages. The number, time, amount, protein content and particle size of feed should be determined according to the different growth stages of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and channel catfish, and ensure that the feed is eaten within the specified time. Daily management includes water quality control, feeding management and disease prevention. Different tools are used for different species during capture, and finally filtered and screened through fish and shrimp sorting machines.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for culturing channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii comprises the following steps: Step 1: Pond Infrastructure: Step 1.1: The pond has an area of ​​10-20 mu, a depth of 2.0-2.5 meters, a water depth of 1.5-1.8 meters, and a bottom mud thickness of no more than 10 centimeters; the pond is provided with a drainage system, a dense mesh filter is provided at the water inlet, and an anti-escape net is provided at the drain outlet; and 3-5 4-kilowatt aerators are provided; Step 1.2: The pond is provided with a dam, the height of which is 1-2 meters higher than the local historical highest water level; the inner slope ratio of the dam is 1:1.5-1:2, and the outer slope ratio is 1:2-1:3; Step 1.3: Setting a spillway to assist the drainage system in draining water, the width of the spillway is 0.3-0.5 meters, and the depth is 0.2-0.4 meters; Step 1.4: Vegetation is set around the pond as a buffer zone, and aquatic plants are planted in the pond, and the aquatic plants are water lilies and calamus; Step 1.5: After the pond has been exposed to the sun for 15-20 days, 10-15 days before stocking the seedlings, use quicklime for disinfection. Add 75-100 kg per mu, dissolve in water and sprinkle over the entire pond. After disinfection, test the water. If it is non-toxic, stock the seedlings. Add organic fertilizer to cultivate plankton. Step 1.6: Use a Saylor disc to measure water transparency. The water transparency suitable for aquaculture ponds is 25-40 cm. If the transparency is less than 25 cm, reduce the number of seedlings, change the water, or use microbial inhibitors to solve the problem of pond eutrophication. If the water transparency is greater than 40 cm, increase the number of seedlings or apply biological fertilizers to solve the problem of pond barrenness. As a preferred choice, a pond of 10-20 mu is selected. The east-west design can ensure sufficient light and good ventilation conditions. The depth of the pond is between 2.0-2.5 meters, and the water depth is maintained at 1.5-1.8 meters. This depth can provide sufficient activity space for fish and shrimp, and is convenient for management and maintenance of water quality. The thickness of the bottom silt does not exceed 10 cm, which can effectively reduce the accumulation of harmful substances in the bottom sediment and prevent the deterioration of water quality. The pond is equipped with a complete drainage system, and a dense mesh filter is installed at the water inlet, which can strictly block foreign pests from entering the pond and protect the living environment of farmed organisms; an anti-escape net is installed at the drain outlet to ensure that farmed fish and shrimp will not escape; the pond is equipped with an aerator to ensure that the dissolved oxygen is within the standard range to avoid economic losses. At the same time, the water quality of the pond must meet the fishery GB11607-1989 water use standard, providing a high-quality water source foundation for the healthy growth of fish and shrimp. The pond is equipped with a dam, the height of which is 1-2 meters higher than the local historical highest water level. This design can provide reliable protection for the pond when natural disasters such as floods occur, prevent the pond from being submerged, and ensure the safety of farmed organisms and facilities in the pond. The inner slope ratio of the dam is 1:1.5-1:2, and the outer slope ratio is 1:2-1:3. The reasonable slope ratio structure makes the dam more stable and can effectively withstand water pressure and external impact, greatly reducing the risk of dam collapse. A spillway is set to assist the drainage system. The width of the spillway is 0.3-0.5 meters and the depth is 0.2-0.4 meters. In the rainy season or when the water level in the pond is too high, the spillway can timely and effectively discharge excess water, maintain the stability of the pond water level, avoid the occurrence of adverse conditions such as hypoxia of fish and shrimp due to excessively high water levels, and create a suitable living water level environment for fish and shrimp. Vegetation is set around the pond as a buffer zone. Vegetation can buffer external interference and reduce the entry of pollutants into the pond. Aquatic plants such as water lilies and calamus are planted in the pond. These aquatic plants can not only beautify the pond environment, but also absorb carbon dioxide in the water through photosynthesis, and release oxygen, increase the dissolved oxygen content in the water, and improve water quality. At the same time, aquatic plants can also absorb nutrients in the water, which helps prevent eutrophication of water bodies and provide a healthier living environment for fish and shrimp. After 15-20 days of drying the pond, 10-15 days before stocking the seedlings, it is a critical step to use quicklime for disinfection. Add 75-100 kg of quicklime per mu, dissolve it in water and sprinkle it all over the pond. Quicklime has strong oxidizing properties and can effectively kill pathogens, parasites and other harmful organisms in the pond, creating a sterile environment for stocking fish and shrimp. After disinfection, test the water to ensure that the water is non-toxic before stocking. At the same time, add organic fertilizer to cultivate plankton. Plankton is an important food source for fish and shrimp in the early growth stage. Adequate plankton can provide a good nutritional basis for fish and shrimp and promote the healthy growth of fish and shrimp. Use a Saylor disc to measure the transparency of the water body. The water transparency suitable for the cage pond is 25-40 cm.Water transparency is an important indicator for measuring pond water quality. By monitoring and regulating water transparency, pond water quality problems can be discovered and solved in a timely manner. When water transparency is less than 25 cm, it indicates that the pond may be eutrophic. At this time, measures such as reducing seedlings, changing water, or using microbial inhibitors can be taken to solve the problem; when transparency is greater than 40 cm, it indicates that the pond may be relatively barren. Methods such as increasing seedlings or applying biological fertilizers can be used to improve water quality and ensure that the pond water quality always remains within the range suitable for the growth of fish and shrimp.

[0007] Step 2: Stocking of seedlings: Step 2.1: Macrobrachium rosenbergii is stocked in two batches; the first stocking is in mid-April, with 0.6-0.8 cm long shrimp fry, 8,000-12,000 per mu; the second stocking is in mid-May, with 0.8-1.0 cm long shrimp fry, 2,000-8,000 per mu; Step 2.2: Channel catfish are stocked around late May. Disease-free and uninjured fry with a body length of 5-7 cm are selected, and 800-1000 fry are stocked per acre. Step 2.3: Add filter-feeding fish at the same stocking time as the channel catfish, with 50-100 fish per acre, to regulate water quality; As a preferred method, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is stocked in two batches, which is more conducive to the growth of shrimp fry and the balance of the pond ecological environment. The first stocking is carried out in mid-April, and shrimp fry with a body length of 0.6-0.8 cm and complete standard thickness are selected, and 8,000 to 12,000 shrimp fry are stocked per mu. At this time, the water temperature and other environmental conditions are gradually suitable for the growth of shrimp fry, and the smaller shrimp fry can better adapt to the new environment. The second stocking is carried out in mid-May, and the shrimp fry are 0.8-1.0 cm in length, and 2,000 to 8,000 shrimp fry are stocked per mu. The shrimp fry stocked for the second time are slightly larger in size, which can further supplement the population on the basis of the existing shrimp fry, and can also better utilize pond resources and improve breeding efficiency. Spotted catfish are stocked around late May. Disease-free and uninjured fry with a body length of 5-7 cm are selected, and 800-1000 fish fry are stocked per mu. The water temperature, water quality and other environmental conditions during this period are suitable for the growth of channel catfish fry, and the 5-7 cm fry already have a certain survival ability, can better adapt to the pond environment, and can grow healthily in the subsequent breeding process. The stocking time of filter-feeding fish is the same as that of channel catfish, with 50-100 tails per acre. This number is adjusted according to the transparency of the water body and the fatness of the water quality in the pond. If the water transparency shows that the water quality is fat, 10-20 tails can be reduced, but not less than 50 tails. Because when the water quality is fat, the food resources such as plankton in the water body are relatively abundant, and too many filter-feeding fish may cause too fierce competition for food and affect the overall breeding benefits. If the water quality is thin, 10-20 tails can be appropriately increased, but not more than 100 tails. At this time, appropriately increasing the number of filter-feeding fish will help utilize the plankton in the water body and promote the ecological balance of the water body, while also providing a better living environment for other farmed fish.

[0008] Step 3: Using a feed machine (100), by adjusting the rotation speed and the number of grinding teeth (152), feeds of different particle sizes are produced to meet the requirements of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the channel catfish for feed particles at different stages. The diameter of the grinding disc is 50 cm. To produce 1-2 mm feed particles, the number of the grinding teeth (152) needs to be set to 120-150, and the rotation speed needs to be set to 800-1000 rpm; to produce 2-3 mm feed particles, the number of the grinding teeth (152) needs to be set to 70-90, and the rotation speed needs to be set to 400-600 rpm; to produce 3-5 mm feed particles, the number of the grinding teeth (152) needs to be set to 30-50, and the rotation speed needs to be set to 200-300 rpm.

[0009] A fishing and sorting system for a method for co-culturing channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, wherein the feed machine (100) comprises: A feed machine motor (110), a feed baffle (120), a fixed bracket (130), a rotating shaft (140), a movable grinding disc (150), a fixed grinding disc (160), a base (170), and an arc-shaped discharge port (180); The base (170) comprises a special-shaped base (171), a round table (172) and a connecting rod (173); The fixed bracket (130) is fixed on the special-shaped base (171), the fixed grinding disc (160) is fixed on the round table (172), the top of the rotating shaft (140) is connected to the feed motor (110), the middle of the rotating shaft (140) is fixed to the movable grinding disc (150), and the bottom of the rotating shaft (140) is fixed to the round table (172); the feed baffle (120) is fixed on the fixed bracket (130); in the base (170), the special-shaped base (171) and the round table (172) are connected via the connecting rod (173); the arc-shaped discharge port (180) is located between the special-shaped base (171) and the round table (172); The movable grinding disc (150) comprises: a grinding disc body (155), a latch key (151), the grinding teeth (152), a convex point (153) and a feed machine feed port (154); The latch key (151) is embedded in the bottom of the movable grinding disc (150), the latch key (151) is arranged in a ring shape, the grinding teeth (152) are made of cast iron material, the grinding teeth (152) are connected to the grinding disc body (155) through the latch key (151), and the grinding teeth (152) can be disassembled based on the connection method of the latch key (151); the bottom of the grinding teeth has a convex point (153), and the feed machine feed port (154) is located at the top edge of the movable grinding disc (150); The top of the fixed grinding disc (160) is provided with a rail (161), the rail (161) is arranged in a ring shape, and the rail (161) corresponds to the protrusion (153).

[0010] Preferably, a special feed making machine is used to make feeds of different particle sizes, which is the key to meeting the needs of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Channel Catfish at different growth stages. The feed making machine comprises the feed machine motor (110), the feed baffle (120), the fixed bracket (130), the rotating shaft (140), the movable grinding disc (150), the fixed grinding disc (160), the base (170), the connecting rod (173) and the arc-shaped discharge port (180). The feed machine motor (110) is mounted on the fixed bracket (130) and connected to the movable grinding disc (150) through the rotating shaft (140) to provide power for the rotation of the grinding disc. The feed baffle (120) is mounted on the fixed bracket (130) to prevent feed from splashing. The fixed bracket (130) is not only used to fix the feed machine motor (110), the rotating shaft (140), the movable grinding disc (150) and the fixed grinding disc (160) in the middle, but also used to fix the base (170) at its left and right ends to ensure the overall stability of the machine. The movable grinding disc (150) also has some special designs. It includes the key (151), the grinding teeth (152), the convex point (153), the feed machine feed port (154) and other parts. The key (151) is installed in the groove of the movable grinding disc (150). The grinding teeth (152) are made of cast iron material and arranged in a ring shape. This layout can make the feed receive a more uniform grinding force during the grinding process, ensuring the consistency of the feed particle size. The bottom of the grinding teeth (152) has the convex point (153), which may further enhance the grinding effect. The feed machine feed port (154) is located at the top edge of the movable grinding disc (150) to facilitate the entry of feed raw materials. The fixed grinding disc (160) includes the rail (161), and the rail (161) is located on the top of the fixed grinding disc (160) in a circular layout. The rail (161) is designed to better cooperate with the movable grinding disc, position and guide the feed during the grinding process, and ensure that the feed can be fully ground between the two grinding discs, so as to produce feed with different particle sizes that meet the requirements. The design of this feed making machine can accurately control the feed particle size to meet the different feed requirements of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Channel Catfish at different growth stages, and provide protection for the healthy growth of fish and shrimp.

[0011] Step 4: feeding the Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the Channel Catfish twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening, and preparing feeds of different particle sizes at different growth stages for feeding; In the fry stage with a body length of 0.8-1.0 cm, the daily feeding amount of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 8%-10% of the body weight, and the feed particle size needs to be ground to 0.5-1.2 mm; in the growth transition stage with a body length of 2-7 cm, the daily feeding amount of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 6%-7% of the body weight, and the feed particle size is ground to 1-1.5 mm; in the seedling stage with a body length of 8-10 cm, the daily feeding amount of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 4%-6% of the body weight, the feed particle size is 1.5-3 mm, and the Macrobrachium rosenbergii should eat the feed within 1-2 hours after feeding.

[0012] When the channel catfish is in the seedling stage with a body length of 5-7 cm, the daily feeding amount is 2%-3% of the body weight, and the feed particles are ground to a size of 1-2 mm; when the channel catfish is in the growth transition stage with a body length of 10-20 cm, the daily feeding amount is 3%-5% of the body weight, and the feed particles are 2-3 mm in size; when the channel catfish is in the seedling stage with a body length of 25-35 cm, the daily feeding amount is 2%-3% of the body weight, and the feed particles are 3-5 mm in size, and the channel catfish should eat the feed within 1.5-2 hours after feeding.

[0013] Preferably, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is fed twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening, which is adapted to the living habits of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. At this time, their feeding enthusiasm is relatively high. In the seedling stage with a body length of 0.8-1.0 cm, the daily feeding amount is 8%-10% of the body weight, ensuring that the shrimp seedlings can obtain sufficient nutrition for rapid growth; the feed particle size is 0.5-1.2 mm, which is suitable for the size of the mouthparts of the seedlings and convenient for their feeding; in the overgrowth stage with a body length of 2-7 cm, the daily feeding amount is adjusted to 6%-7% of the body weight, and the feed particle size is changed to 1-1.5 mm, which is adapted to the growth of the shrimp body and convenient for its smooth feeding; in the seedling stage with a body length of 8-10 cm, the daily feeding amount is further reduced to 4%-6% of the body weight, which is in line with the nutritional needs and growth laws of adult shrimps, the feed particle size is 1.5-3 mm, and the feed should be eaten within 1-2 hours after feeding, so as to ensure the freshness and utilization rate of the feed and avoid feed residues from polluting the water quality. Channel catfish are fed twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening. In the fry stage with a body length of 5-7 cm, the daily feeding amount is 2%-3% of the body weight, which can not only meet the nutrition required for the growth of the fry, but also will not cause feed waste. The feed particle size is 1-2 mm, which matches the size of the fry's mouthparts and is convenient for their feeding. In the overgrowth stage with a body length of 10-20 cm, the daily feeding amount is maintained at 3%-5% of the body weight, continuously providing stable nutritional support for the growth of the fish. The feed particle size becomes 2-3 mm to adapt to the feeding needs of the fish after growth. In the fry stage with a body length of 25-35 cm, the daily feeding amount is reduced to 2%-3% of the body weight, which is in line with the nutritional needs and growth laws of adult fish. The feed particle size is 3-5 mm, and the feed should be eaten within 1-1.5 hours after feeding to ensure the freshness and utilization of the feed and avoid adverse effects on water quality.

[0014] Step 5: Daily Management: Step 5.1: Detect dissolved oxygen at least 2-3 times a day to ensure that the dissolved oxygen is above 4 mg / L; detect water quality at least once a week, use photosynthetic bacteria and microbial inhibitors to adjust the water quality to ensure that the pH value is 6.8-8.5; Step 5.2: In summer, when the temperature is high, the water level of the pond is appropriately deepened, and trees are planted or a sunshade is built around the pond; in winter, a plastic greenhouse is built or heating equipment is used; Step 5.3: Summer and autumn are the seasons with high incidence of diseases. Water quality is tested at least 3 times a week, and probiotics and microbial preparations are used in time to adjust water quality. Vitamin C is added 2-3 times a week to enhance the immunity of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the Channel Catfish to prevent diseases; Preferably, the dissolved oxygen is tested at least 2-3 times a day to ensure that its content is above 4 mg / L. Adequate dissolved oxygen is essential for the survival and growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Channel Catfish. Insufficient dissolved oxygen in the water can cause hypoxia in fish and shrimp, affecting their respiration and metabolism, and thus affecting their growth rate and health. The water quality should be tested at least once a week, and photosynthetic bacteria and microbial inhibitors should be used to adjust the water quality to ensure that the pH value is within the appropriate range of 6.8-8.5. The pH value has an important influence on the physiological functions of fish and shrimp. An inappropriate pH value may affect the osmotic pressure regulation, enzyme activity, etc. of fish and shrimp, thereby affecting their growth and survival. While adjusting the pH value, photosynthetic bacteria microbial inhibitors may also have the effect of improving water quality and inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms. In high temperatures in summer, the pond water level can be appropriately deepened. A deeper water level can reduce the heating of the water body by direct sunlight, making the lower water temperature relatively low, and providing a relatively suitable living environment for fish and shrimp. At the same time, trees or sunshades can be planted around the pond. The branches and leaves of the trees and sunshades can block the sun, reduce the temperature around the pond, reduce the heat transfer into the pond, and further alleviate the impact of high temperature on fish and shrimp. In winter, simple plastic greenhouses can be built or heating equipment can be used. Simple plastic greenhouses can play a role in heat preservation, reduce heat loss, and keep the water temperature in the pond within a certain range, which is suitable for the survival of fish and shrimp. Heating equipment can control the water temperature more accurately to ensure that the water temperature meets the growth requirements of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Channel Catfish. Especially in cold areas, heating equipment is essential for maintaining the survival and growth environment of fish and shrimp. In summer and autumn, the two high-incidence seasons of diseases, the frequency of water quality testing should be increased, probiotics and microbial preparations should be used in time to regulate water quality, and vitamin C should be added to enhance the immunity of fish and shrimp. Vitamin C plays an important role in the immune system of fish and shrimp. It can promote the generation and activity of immune cells, improve the resistance of fish and shrimp to diseases, and enable fish and shrimp to better resist the invasion of pathogens during the high-incidence season of diseases and maintain a healthy growth state.

[0015] Step 6: In early October, the Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the Channel Catfish were captured using ground traps.

[0016] As a preferred method, during the harvesting stage, suitable capture tools are used for different farmed organisms to ensure high efficiency and minimize damage to fish and shrimp. For Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Channel Catfish, ground traps are used for capture. Ground traps are a commonly used fishing tool. They have a clever entrance design that allows shrimp to enter but is difficult to escape. They can be placed in a suitable position in the pond for long-term fishing operations. The operation is relatively simple and can reduce damage to them during the capture process, thereby ensuring the economic benefits of farming.

[0017] Step 7: Use a fish and shrimp sorting machine (200) to filter and screen: Step 7.1: Place the captured fish and shrimp into the feed port; Step 7.2: The fish and shrimp enter the inclined conveying device (211) through the feed port and are screened by friction. The optimal inclination angle of the conveying device (211) is in the range of 18°-23°; Step 7.3: Fish weighing less than 0.8 kg are fish that do not meet commercial specifications and flow downwardly into the first discharge port (230) on the left side, are returned to the pond for breeding, and are harvested by trawl nets at the end of March of the following year; shrimps are filtered out through the square filter holes (233) of the first discharge port (230) at the bottom of the slope, and fish that meet commercial specifications flow upwardly into the discharge port (231) on the right side.

[0018] Preferably, the fish and shrimp sorting machine (200) comprises: A transparent body (210), a sorting machine feed port (220), a first discharge port (230), a second discharge port (231), a slide rail (232), a water pumping box (240), a hose (250) and a conveying device (260); a water filter plate (211) and a spray device (212); The conveying device (260) comprises: a conveying belt (261), a baffle (262), a rotating shaft (263) and a groove (264), and a conveying device motor (265); The sorting machine feed port (220) and the hose (250) are fixed on the top of the transparent body (210); the first discharge port (230) and the second discharge port (231) are connected to the left and right sides of the transparent body (210) via a slide rail (232); the first discharge port (230) has a square filter hole (233) in the middle; The water filter plate (211) is fixed on the lower side of the transparent body (210), the spray device (212) is fixed on the top of the transparent body (210), the hose (250) is connected to the spray device (212), and the baffle (262) is fixed in the middle of the conveying device (260).

[0019] Preferably, the conveying device (260) is fixed inside the transparent body (210) via the rotating shaft (263) and the conveying device motor (265); grooves (264) are evenly distributed on the conveyor belt (261) to increase friction; the baffle (262) is fixed in the middle of the conveying device (260); and the filtering height of the baffle is 3.5 cm.

[0020] Preferably, a specially designed fish and shrimp sorting machine (200) is used for filtering and screening. The machine has a unique structure and function, which helps to efficiently separate fish and shrimp, and improves sorting efficiency and accuracy.

[0021] The fish and shrimp sorting machine comprises the transparent main body (210), the sorting machine feed port (220), the first discharge port (230) and the second discharge port (231), the pumping box (240), the hose (250), the conveying device motor (265) and other components. The top of the transparent main body (210) is equipped with the sorting machine feed port (220) and the hose (250), the left and right sides are respectively equipped with the fish and shrimp sorting discharge ports (230) with slide rails (232), the front is equipped with the rotating shaft (270), and the back bottom is equipped with the pumping box (240). This structural design allows the mixture of fish, shrimp and water to enter the machine smoothly and be processed by different components. The transparent main body also includes the conveying device (260), the water filter plate (211), the spray device (212), the baffle (262) and other parts. The conveying device is fixed inside the transparent body. By adjusting the angle of the rotating shaft, it can convey the mixture of fish, shrimp and water entering the machine. The fish that meet the specifications will enter the second discharge port (231), and the fish that do not meet the specifications will enter the first discharge port (230). The shrimp will enter the first discharge port (230) and be filtered out from the square filter hole (233); the water filter plate (211) is fixed on the lower side of the transparent body (210) to prevent the fish and shrimp from falling into the pool. The spray device (212) is fixed on the top of the mixing body. It can be used to clean the fish and shrimp, reduce the jumping of the live fish and shrimp, remove the dirt and impurities on the surface, and improve the quality of the fish and shrimp. The baffle (262) is fixed in the middle of the conveying device (260) and can block and guide the fish and shrimp, ensuring that the fish and shrimp move along a predetermined path for easy sorting. The grooves (264) are evenly distributed on the conveyor belt (261) to increase friction and improve sorting efficiency. Through the use of this fish and shrimp sorting machine, the captured fish and shrimp can be sorted quickly and accurately, improving work efficiency, reducing errors and labor intensity of manual sorting, and at the same time ensuring the quality of the fish and shrimp, providing a good foundation for subsequent sales or further processing.

[0022] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Make full use of water space: Through the interbreeding of channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the different living space characteristics of water bodies are utilized to fully utilize the space. Macrobrachium rosenbergii mainly lives in the middle and lower layers of the water body, while channel catfish mostly move in the middle and lower layers to the bottom of the water body. The two organisms have a certain stratification in the vertical space, which reduces space competition and improves the utilization rate of the pond water space; 2. Increase the overall breeding capacity of the pond: This integrated breeding model rationally allocates the number of different organisms to be bred without increasing the pond area, increases the overall breeding capacity of the pond, and thus increases the breeding output and economic benefits per unit area; 3. Improve feed utilization efficiency: Both fish are omnivorous animals, and their food ranges overlap to a certain extent, which improves feed utilization efficiency to a certain extent. Some plankton, benthic organisms and artificially fed feeds suitable for both organisms can be more fully utilized, reducing feed waste; 4. Promote the exchange of water substances: The activities of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Channel Catfish in the pond, such as foraging and swimming, promote the exchange of water substances. Their feeding and excretion behaviors will change the distribution and content of nutrients in the water, making the circulation of substances in the water smoother; 5. Improve water quality: This material exchange helps prevent eutrophication of water bodies and reduce the accumulation of harmful substances. Macrobrachium rosenbergii and channel catfish can ingest some plankton and organic debris in the water, controlling their number. At the same time, their excrement can provide nutrients for microorganisms in the water, promoting their growth and reproduction. The metabolic activities of microorganisms can further decompose organic matter in the water, improve water quality, and provide a better environment for the growth of fish and shrimp. 6. Increase aquaculture income: The aquaculture income is increased by increasing aquaculture capacity, reducing feed costs and improving water quality. The pond can harvest both Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Channel Catfish, as well as possible filter-feeding fish. The output of multiple products increases economic income; 7. Precise control of feed particle size: The feed making machine can precisely control the feed particle size through its unique structural design, such as the motor-driven movable grinding disc and the fixed grinding disc, as well as the key and trapezoidal grinding teeth on the movable grinding disc. This is crucial to meet the feed particle size requirements of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Channel Catfish at different growth stages. The mouthparts size and feeding ability of fish and shrimp at different growth stages are different. The appropriate feed particle size can improve the palatability of the feed, making it easier for fish and shrimp to eat, thereby improving the utilization rate of the feed; 8. Improve sorting efficiency: The fish and shrimp sorting machine can quickly and accurately sort the captured fish and shrimp through the synergistic effect of its internal conveyor, water filter, spray device and baffle. For example, the conveyor can convey the mixture of fish, shrimp and water, the water filter can filter out part of the water to make the fish and shrimp more concentrated, the spray device can clean the fish and shrimp, and the baffle can guide the fish and shrimp to move along the predetermined path, all of which help to increase the sorting speed and reduce the sorting time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of structure A of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the movable grinding disc of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission device; Figure 7 It is a top view of the first discharge port; Markings in the figure: 100-feed machine, 110-feed machine motor, 120-feed baffle, 130-fixed bracket, 140-rotating shaft, 150-movable grinding disc, 151-key, 152-grinding teeth, 153-convex point, 154-feed machine inlet, 155-grinding disc body, 160-fixed grinding disc, 161-rail, 170-base, 171-special-shaped base, 172-round table, 173-connecting rod, 180-arc Discharge port, 200-fish and shrimp sorting machine, 210-transparent main body, 211-water filter plate, 212-spraying device, 220-sorting machine feed port, 230-first discharge port, 231-second discharge port, 232-slide rail, 233-square filter hole, 240-water pumping box, 250-hose, 260-conveyor, 261-conveyor belt, 262-baffle, 263-rotating shaft, 264-groove, 265-conveyor motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the embodiments without any creative contribution as needed. However, such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Environmental conditions: A breeding pond located in the southern region was selected. The climate in the region is warm and humid, the annual average temperature is between 20℃-25℃, and the sunlight is sufficient. The pond meets the basic conditions required by the present invention, with an area of ​​10 mu, an east-west orientation, a pool depth of 2 meters, a water depth of 1.5 meters, and a bottom silt thickness of 8 cm. The water quality is excellent and meets the fishery GB11607-1989 water use standard; the vegetation around the pond is rich, and as a good buffer zone, an appropriate amount of water lilies and calamus are planted in the pond. The height of the dam is 1.5 meters higher than the local historical highest water level, the inner slope ratio is 1:1.8, the outer slope ratio is 1:2.2, and a spillway with a width of 0.4 meters and a depth of 0.3 meters is provided to assist drainage.

[0028] Seedlings stocking The first stocking of Macrobrachium rosenbergii was carried out in mid-April, with 10,000 shrimp fry of 0.7 cm in length per mu; the second stocking was carried out in mid-May, with 5,000 shrimp fry of 0.9 cm in length per mu; spotted catfish was released in late May, with 900 disease-free and uninjured fry of 6 cm in length per mu; filter-feeding fish were released at the same time as spotted catfish, with 70 per mu.

[0029] Farming management Strictly follow the feed production and feeding requirements. The feed making machine operates normally, and the feed produced meets the needs of fish and shrimp at different growth stages. The feeding amount, feeding time and feed protein content of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and Channel Catfish are all controlled within the appropriate range; in daily management, the dissolved oxygen is maintained between 5mg / L-6mg / L, and the pH value is stabilized between 7.2-7.8. During high temperatures in summer, the pond water level is deepened to 1.8 meters, and trees are planted around the pond for shade. No special heating measures are taken in winter, and the lowest water temperature is around 15°C. Disease prevention work is in place, water quality is tested and adjusted in a timely manner, and vitamin C is added to enhance immunity.

[0030] Output results After six months of breeding, the average body length of Macrobrachium rosenbergii reached 9.5 cm, and the yield per mu reached 300 kg. The average body length of Channel Catfish reached 28 cm, and the yield per mu reached 1,000 kg. Filter-feeding fish also grew well, with a yield of 30 kg per mu. During the breeding process, the feed utilization rate was high, the water quality was kept good, and no major diseases occurred.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] The difference from the above-mentioned embodiment 1 is that: Environmental conditions: A pond in a tropical area was selected, with an area of ​​11 mu, east-west orientation, a pool depth of 2.1 meters, a water depth of 1.6 meters, and a bottom mud thickness of 7 centimeters. The water quality meets the standards, but the summer temperature in the area often exceeds 35℃ and the sun is strong; the vegetation and aquatic plants around the pond are set as required, the embankment height is 1.2 meters higher than the local historical highest water level, the inner slope ratio is 1:1.6, the outer slope ratio is 1:2, and the spillway is 0.35 meters wide and 0.25 meters deep.

[0033] Seedlings stocking The first stocking of Macrobrachium rosenbergii was carried out in mid-April, with 0.6 cm long shrimp fry, 8,000 per mu; the second stocking was carried out in mid-May, with 0.8 cm long shrimp fry, 3,000 per mu. Considering that the high temperature environment may have a certain impact on the growth of shrimp fry, the stocking amount was appropriately reduced; Channel catfish was stocked in late May, with 6 cm long fish fry, 850 per mu; filter-feeding fish and channel catfish were stocked at the same time, with 60 per mu.

[0034] Farming management In daily management, in order to cope with high temperatures, the pond water level is deepened to 1.8 meters in summer, and a sunshade is built around the pond to ensure that the maximum water temperature in the pond does not exceed 32°C. The dissolved oxygen is maintained between 4mg / L-5mg / L, and the pH value is stabilized between 7-8.

[0035] Output results After 6 months of cultivation, the average body length of Macrobrachium rosenbergii reached 9 cm, and the yield per mu reached 230 kg. The average body length of Channel Catfish reached 26 cm, and the yield per mu reached 800 kg. The yield of filter-feeding fish reached 25 kg per mu. Despite the high temperature environment, through reasonable management, the feed utilization rate remained high, the water quality was good, and the disease incidence rate was low.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] The difference from the above-mentioned embodiment 2 is that: Environmental conditions A pond located in the cold northern region, with an area of ​​12 mu, east-west orientation, 2 meters deep, 1.5 meters water depth, and 9 centimeters bottom mud thickness. The water quality meets the standard, and the winter temperature in the area is often below 0℃; the vegetation and aquatic plants around the pond are reasonably set, the embankment height is 1.3 meters higher than the local historical highest water level, the inner slope ratio is 1:1.7, the outer slope ratio is 1:2.1, and the spillway is 0.4 meters wide and 0.3 meters deep.

[0038] Seedlings stocking The first stocking of Macrobrachium rosenbergii was carried out in mid-April, with 12,000 shrimp fry of 0.8 cm in length per mu; the second stocking was carried out in mid-May, with 6,000 shrimp fry of 1.0 cm in length per mu. Considering that shrimp fry grow relatively slowly in low temperature environment, the stocking quantity and size were appropriately increased in the hope of obtaining a better yield within the breeding cycle; channel catfish were stocked in late May, with 6 cm in length, 800 per mu; filter-feeding fish were stocked at the same time as channel catfish, with 55 per mu.

[0039] Farming management In daily management, a simple plastic greenhouse is built in winter, and heating equipment is used to keep the water temperature between 18℃ and 22℃. The dissolved oxygen is kept within the range of 4mg / L-5mg / L, and the pH value is stabilized between 6.8-7.5.

[0040] Output results After 6 months of breeding, the average body length of Macrobrachium rosenbergii reached 8 cm, and the yield per mu reached 250 kg. The average body length of Channel Catfish reached 25 cm, and the yield per mu reached 700 kg. The yield of filter-feeding fish reached 20 kg per mu. In a low-temperature environment, the normal growth of fish and shrimp was ensured through warming measures, with high feed utilization, good water quality and low disease incidence.

Claims

1. A method for culturing channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Pond Infrastructure: Step 1.1: The pond has an area of ​​10-20 mu, a depth of 2.0-2.5 meters, a water depth of 1.5-1.8 meters, a flat bottom and a silt thickness of no more than 10 centimeters; the pond is provided with a drainage system, a dense mesh filter is provided at the water inlet, and an anti-escape net is provided at the drain outlet; and 3-5 4-kilowatt aerators are provided; Step 1.2: The pond is provided with a dam, the height of which is 1-2 meters higher than the local historical highest water level; the inner slope ratio of the dam is 1:1.5-1:2, and the outer slope ratio is 1:2-1:3; Step 1.3: Setting a spillway to assist the drainage system in draining water; Step 1.4: Vegetation is set up as a buffer zone around the pond, and aquatic plants are planted in the pond; Step 1.5: After the pond has been exposed to the sun for 15-20 days, 10-15 days before stocking the seedlings, use quicklime for disinfection. Add 75-100 kg per mu, dissolve in water and sprinkle over the entire pond. After disinfection, test the water. If it is non-toxic, stock the seedlings. Add organic fertilizer to cultivate plankton. Step 1.6: Use a Saylor disc to measure water transparency. The water transparency suitable for aquaculture ponds is 25-40 cm. Step 2: Stocking of seedlings: Step 2.1: Macrobrachium rosenbergii is stocked in two batches; the first stocking is in mid-April, with 0.6-0.8 cm long shrimp fry, 8,000-12,000 per mu; the second stocking is in mid-May, with 0.8-1.0 cm long shrimp fry, 2,000-8,000 per mu; Step 2.2: Channel catfish are stocked around late May. Disease-free and uninjured fry with a body length of 5-7 cm are selected, and 800-1000 fry are stocked per acre. Step 2.3: Add filter-feeding fish at the same time as the channel catfish, 50-100 per acre, to regulate water quality Step 3: using a feed machine (100) to produce feeds of different particle sizes by adjusting the rotation speed and the number of grinding teeth (152) to meet the requirements of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the channel catfish for feed particles at different stages; Step 4: feeding the Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the Channel Catfish twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening; Step 5: Daily Management: Step 5.1: Detect dissolved oxygen at least 2-3 times a day to ensure that the dissolved oxygen is above 4 mg / L; detect water quality at least once a week, use photosynthetic bacteria and microbial inhibitors to adjust the water quality to ensure that the pH value is 6.8-8.5; Step 5.2: In summer, when the temperature is high, the water level of the pond is appropriately deepened, and trees are planted or a sunshade is built around the pond; in winter, a plastic greenhouse is built or heating equipment is used; Step 5.3: Summer and autumn are the seasons with high incidence of diseases. Water quality should be tested at least three times a week, and probiotics and microbial preparations should be used in time to adjust the water quality. Vitamin C should be added 2-3 times a week to enhance the immunity of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the Channel Catfish to prevent diseases. Step 6: In early October, the Macrobrachium rosenbergii and the Channel Catfish are captured using ground traps; Step 7: Use a fish and shrimp sorting machine (200) to filter and screen; Step 7.1: Place the captured fish and shrimp into the feed port; Step 7.2: The fish and shrimp enter the inclined conveyor (211) through the feed port and are screened by friction; Step 7.3: Fish weighing less than 0.8 kg are fish that do not meet commercial specifications and flow downwardly into the first discharge port (230) on the left side, are returned to the pond for breeding, and are harvested by trawl nets at the end of March of the following year; shrimps are filtered out through the square filter holes (233) of the first discharge port (230) at the bottom of the slope, and fish that meet commercial specifications flow upwardly into the discharge port (231) on the right side.

2. The method for culturing channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1.3, the width of the spillway is 0.3-0.5 meters and the depth is 0.2-0.4 meters.

3. The method for culturing channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aquatic plants in step 1.4 are water lilies and calamus.

4. The method for culturing channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1.6, if the water transparency is less than 25 cm, measures such as reducing seedlings, changing water or using microbial inhibitors are taken to solve the problem of pond eutrophication; if the water transparency is greater than 40 cm, measures such as increasing seedlings or applying biological fertilizers are taken to solve the problem of pond barrenness.

5. The method for culturing channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 4 comprises: when the Macrobrachium rosenbergii is in the fry stage with a body length of 0.8-1.0 cm, the daily feeding amount is 8%-10% of the body weight, and the feed particle size needs to be ground to 0.5-1.2 mm; when the Macrobrachium rosenbergii is in the growth transition stage with a body length of 2-7 cm, the daily feeding amount is 6%-7% of the body weight, and the feed particle size is ground to 1-1.5 mm; when the Macrobrachium rosenbergii is in the seedling stage with a body length of 8-10 cm, the daily feeding amount is 4%-6% of the body weight, the feed particle size is 1.5-3 mm, and the feed should be eaten within 1-2 hours after feeding. When the channel catfish is in the seedling stage with a body length of 5-7 cm, the daily feeding amount is 2%-3% of the body weight, and the feed particle size is ground to 1-2 mm; when the channel catfish is in the growth transition stage with a body length of 10-20 cm, the daily feeding amount is 3%-5% of the body weight, and the feed particle size is 2-3 mm; when the channel catfish is in the seedling stage with a body length of 25-35 cm, the daily feeding amount is 2%-3% of the body weight, and the feed particle size is 3-5 mm, and the channel catfish should eat the feed within 1-1.5 hours after feeding.

6. A fishing and sorting system for the method of culturing channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, characterized in that: In step 3, the feed machine (100) comprises: A feed machine motor (110), a feed baffle (120), a fixed bracket (130), a rotating shaft (140), a movable grinding disc (150), a fixed grinding disc (160), a base (170), and an arc-shaped discharge port (180); The base (170) comprises a special-shaped base (171), a round table (172) and a connecting rod (173); The fixed bracket (130) is fixed on the special-shaped base (171), the fixed grinding disc (160) is fixed on the round table (172), the top of the rotating shaft (140) is connected to the feed motor (110), the middle of the rotating shaft (140) is fixed to the movable grinding disc (150), and the bottom of the rotating shaft (140) is fixed to the round table (172); the feed baffle (120) is fixed on the fixed bracket (130); in the base (170), the special-shaped base (171) and the round table (172) are connected via the connecting rod (173); the arc-shaped discharge port (180) is located between the special-shaped base (171) and the round table (172); The movable grinding disc (150) comprises: a grinding disc body (155), a latch key (151), the grinding teeth (152), a convex point (153) and a feed machine feed port (154); The latch key (151) is embedded in the bottom of the movable grinding disc (150), the latch key (151) is arranged in a ring shape, the grinding teeth (152) are made of cast iron material, the grinding teeth (152) are connected to the grinding disc body (155) through the latch key (151), and the grinding teeth (152) can be disassembled based on the connection method of the latch key (151); the bottom of the grinding teeth has a convex point (153), and the feed machine feed port (154) is located at the top edge of the movable grinding disc (150); The top of the fixed grinding disc (160) is provided with a rail (161), the rail (161) is arranged in a ring shape, and the rail (161) corresponds to the protrusion (153).

7. The fishing and sorting system for the integrated culture method of channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3, the rotation speed and the number of grinding teeth (152) are adjusted to produce feeds of different particle sizes as follows: when the diameter of the grinding disc is 50 cm, the number of the grinding teeth (152) required to produce 1-2 mm feed particles is set to 120-150, and the rotation speed is 800-1000 rpm; when producing 2-3 mm feed particles, the number of the grinding teeth (152) required to be set to 70-90, and the rotation speed is 400-600 rpm; when producing 3-5 mm feed particles, the number of the grinding teeth (152) required to be set to 30-50, and the rotation speed is 200-300 rpm.

8. The fishing and sorting system for the integrated culture method of channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fish and shrimp sorting machine (200) in step 7 comprises: A transparent body (210), a sorting machine feed port (220), a first discharge port (230), a second discharge port (231), a slide rail (232), a water pumping box (240), a hose (250) and a conveying device (260); a water filter plate (211) and a spray device (212); The conveying device (260) comprises: a conveying belt (261), a baffle (262), a rotating shaft (263) and a groove (264), and a conveying device motor (265); The sorting machine feed port (220) and the hose (250) are fixed on the top of the transparent body (210); the first discharge port (230) and the second discharge port (231) are connected to the left and right sides of the transparent body (210) via a slide rail (232); the first discharge port (230) has a square filter hole (232) in the middle; The water filter plate (211) is fixed on the lower side of the transparent body (210), the spray device (212) is fixed on the top of the transparent body (210), the hose (250) is connected to the spray device (212), and the baffle (262) is fixed in the middle of the conveying device (260); The conveying device (260) is fixed inside the transparent body (210) via the rotating shaft (263) and the conveying device motor (265); grooves (264) are evenly distributed on the conveying belt (261) to increase friction; the baffle (262) is fixed in the middle of the conveying device (260); and the baffle filtering height is 3.5 centimeters.

9. The fishing and sorting system for the integrated culture method of channel catfish and Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step 7.2, the optimal tilt angle range of the conveying device (211) is 18°-23°.

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