Deep and far sea culture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupling power generation and hydrogen production

Abstract

A deep and far sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupling power generation hydrogen production is characterized in that solar energy is converted into electric energy through an arranged photovoltaic power generation module, and the photovoltaic power generation module is connected with a storage battery to realize energy storage; the arranged seawater desalination and electrolysis module is combined with a heliostat field and a deep sea low-temperature environment, low-energy-consumption seawater evaporation and electrolysis hydrogen production are achieved, and it is guaranteed that electric energy of photovoltaic power generation can be stably used for hydrogen production; the salinity difference power generation module is used for generating power by utilizing the concentration difference between strong brine generated in the seawater desalination process and common seawater, so that extra electric energy is provided for the system, and the influence of direct emission of the strong brine on the environment is reduced; the arranged breeding module is provided with an automatic feeder and a dissolved oxygen monitor which are connected with an oxygen storage device, so that the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body is kept stable, and the breeding conditions are further optimized. According to the system, the energy conversion efficiency can be improved, the seawater desalination energy consumption can be reduced, and an efficient and ecological solution is provided for the combination of renewable energy sources and fishery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production, and relates to the technical field of marine energy and hydrogen production. Background Art

[0002] With the growing global demand for clean energy, the ocean provides ideal conditions for photovoltaic power generation with its vast development space, unobstructed sea surface and abundant solar energy resources. Nowadays, offshore photovoltaic power generation has become an important way to promote the development of renewable energy due to its high efficiency in solar energy utilization and the advantages of saving land resources. Further combining the existing offshore power generation platform with fishery farming can not only improve the economic benefits of photovoltaic power generation, but also provide new growth points for fisheries, forming a win-win situation of sustainable development.

[0003] Photovoltaic power generation systems convert solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. However, photovoltaic cells convert most of the solar energy into heat energy during operation, which causes the temperature of the photovoltaic panels to rise. Studies have shown that high temperatures can reduce the carrier mobility inside photovoltaic cells, thereby inhibiting the current and voltage inside the cells, which not only reduces the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, but also accelerates the aging of photovoltaic modules.

[0004] Compared with traditional long-distance power transmission, offshore electrolysis hydrogen production technology not only avoids geographical restrictions in the power transmission process, but also eliminates energy loss in the power transmission process. However, the current offshore electrolysis hydrogen production technology still faces some challenges: First, the energy consumption problem, especially the high-temperature evaporation of water and the electrolysis of water both require a lot of energy; second, the purity and output of hydrogen produced by electrolysis are closely related to the stability of power supply. If the entire process of seawater desalination and hydrogen production by electrolysis relies entirely on photovoltaic power generation systems, it will be difficult to ensure a stable power supply.

[0005] Therefore, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency, enhancing the stability of the hydrogen production process, and optimizing energy utilization methods are the key to current technological research. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned engineering difficulties and problems, the present invention proposes a deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production. The system integrates offshore photovoltaic power generation, salinity difference power generation, seawater desalination hydrogen production and deep-sea aquaculture functions. Through multi-functional synergy, it maximizes the use of offshore space resources and improves overall economic benefits; and proposes a new seawater heating and desalination method to reduce the energy consumption of the steam generation process, thereby ensuring that the electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation flows more stably to electrolytic hydrogen production, improving the stability of hydrogen production products; seawater is also used for photovoltaic panel cooling before heating, improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency and extending service life; in addition, the concentrated seawater produced in the seawater desalination process can be further used for salinity difference power generation to optimize overall efficiency.

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production, which efficiently integrates photovoltaic power generation and cooling modules, seawater desalination and electrolysis modules, salt difference power generation modules, gas storage modules and seafood aquaculture modules to improve overall efficiency. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0010] Photovoltaic power generation and cooling module, including photovoltaic panels and water cooling pipelines, the photovoltaic panels are used to receive sunlight and convert it into electrical energy, and the electrical energy is stored in batteries electrically connected to the photovoltaic panels; the water cooling pipelines are evenly distributed on the back of the photovoltaic panels, and are connected to water pipes on both sides to form a complete cooling system;

[0011] The seawater desalination and electrolysis module comprises a heliostat field, a collector, an underwater heat exchange steam generating cabin and an electrolyzer. The heliostat field is installed at the outermost periphery of the floating platform and is used to reflect and focus sunlight to the collector. The collector is installed above the support frame, and a high-temperature water outlet pipe is arranged below the collector and is connected to the underwater heat exchange steam generating cabin. A water vapor outlet and a concentrated seawater outlet are arranged on the side of the underwater heat exchange steam generating cabin. The electrolyzer is connected to the water vapor outlet, and the electrolyzer is respectively connected to corresponding gas collecting units to discharge oxygen and hydrogen generated by electrolysis.

[0012] The salt difference power generation module is installed in the salt difference power generation cabin below the electrolytic cell. The salt difference power generation cabin is connected to the concentrated seawater outlet of the heat exchange steam generation cabin, and includes a common seawater inlet and a drain pipe. The concentrated seawater outlet and the common seawater inlet of the heat exchange steam generation cabin are arranged at intervals to ensure that seawater of different concentrations enter the membrane stack at intervals.

[0013] The gas storage module includes an oxygen storage tank connected to the anode electrode of the electrolyzer for storing oxygen generated by electrolysis and a hydrogen storage tank connected to the cathode electrode of the electrolyzer for storing hydrogen generated by electrolysis; an exhaust valve is provided on the oxygen storage tank.

[0014] Optionally, the salt difference power generation module includes an electrode system and an anion and cation exchange membrane pair; the cathode and anode of the electrode system are respectively located at two ends of the salt difference power generation cabin; a plurality of ion exchange membrane pairs are evenly distributed in the salt difference power generation cabin, and a cation exchange membrane (CEM) and anion exchange membrane (AEM) are arranged in sequence in each exchange membrane pair. On the whole, the anion and cation exchange membranes are arranged alternately to separate the salt difference power generation cabin into a concentrated chamber and a dilute chamber, and the membrane set close to the electrode plate is a cation exchange membrane; the electrode system is electrically connected to the battery.

[0015] Optionally, the electrolytic cell includes an electrolytic chamber, an electrode system, a proton exchange membrane, a water vapor inlet and a gas outlet; the proton exchange membrane separates the electrolytic chamber from the middle; the electrode system is electrically connected to the battery, and the cathode electrode and the anode electrode are respectively located at both ends of the electrolytic cell; the gas outlet is located at the top of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and is respectively connected to the corresponding gas collection units.

[0016] Optionally, the electrolytic cell is electrically connected to the storage battery, and the storage battery provides the electrolytic cell with electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module;

[0017] Optionally, the electrolytic cell utilizes external low temperature to condense water vapor, and the inner wall of the cell body is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material to prevent current leakage.

[0018] Optionally, the collector adopts a double-layer design, with a transparent glass cover on the outside, a copper coil on the inside, and a vacuum interlayer between the two layers;

[0019] The heat collector can be heightened and enlarged;

[0020] Optionally, a thermal insulation layer filled with polyurethane, rock wool, etc. should be provided inside the high-temperature water outlet pipe.

[0021] Optionally, it also includes a seawater pretreatment module, which includes a pumping pipe and a water treatment chamber, and the water treatment chamber is composed of a filtration chamber, a flocculation chamber and an adsorption chamber in sequence, and the outlet of the seawater treatment chamber is connected to a water pipe.

[0022] Optionally, the photovoltaic power generation and cooling module also includes a photovoltaic panel clip, a photoreceptor and a hydraulic support mechanism, the photovoltaic panel is fixed to the photovoltaic support frame through the photovoltaic clip; the photoreceptor is used to monitor the direction of sunlight in real time; the hydraulic support mechanism is four independently arranged hydraulic rods, each hydraulic rod is connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel through a ball joint, and cooperates with the photoreceptor to adjust their respective heights to accurately control the direction of the photovoltaic panel.

[0023] Optionally, it comprises a frame-type steel truss structure, wherein the underwater heat exchange steam generating cabin, the electrolytic cell, the salt difference power generation cabin and the gas storage module are all firmly connected to the steel truss by bolts; and the four corners of the steel truss are connected to the floating platform by steel strands.

[0024] Optionally, the seafood farming module includes a feeding machine arranged above the floating platform and a dissolved oxygen monitor for detecting the dissolved oxygen content inside the farming cage; the dissolved oxygen monitor is electrically connected to the exhaust valve on the oxygen storage tank.

[0025] The technical effect of the present invention is as follows: the present invention provides a deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production, which converts solar energy into electrical energy through a photovoltaic power generation module and stores it in a battery electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel; seawater is used to absorb the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel during transportation to the collector, thereby avoiding damage to the photovoltaic module by high temperature, effectively improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and extending the service life of the module; the seawater desalination and electrolysis module includes a heliostat field, a collector, an underwater heat exchange steam generation cabin and an electrolyzer, which utilizes light to heat seawater and drives water vapor evaporation through the deep-sea low-temperature environment, thereby realizing that the steam generation process is completely dependent on the external The system does not use any energy, and does not need to consume the electricity generated by the system. While avoiding the need to set up an additional desalinator, it ensures that the electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation can be stably used for hydrogen production and ensures product stability. The salt difference power generation module uses the concentration difference between the concentrated brine and ordinary seawater generated during the desalination process to generate electricity, which provides additional electricity to the system while reducing the concentration of concentrated seawater and reducing the impact of high-concentration seawater discharge on the environment. The aquaculture module is equipped with an automatic feeding machine and a dissolved oxygen monitor, and is connected to an oxygen storage device. The dissolved oxygen monitor can adjust the amount of oxygen released according to demand, maintain the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body stable, and further optimize the aquaculture conditions. When in use, the system integrates offshore photovoltaic power generation, salt difference power generation, seawater desalination hydrogen production, and deep-sea aquaculture functions, and optimizes the comprehensive utilization of energy through multi-functional synergy. Seawater cools down the photovoltaic panels during transportation, which can further improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, while the process of seawater heating and evaporation saves electricity for electrolytic hydrogen production; the salinity difference power generation module uses the concentration difference between concentrated brine and ordinary seawater to generate electricity, which not only makes up for the intermittent defects of photovoltaic power generation, but also improves the overall energy recovery efficiency of the system and reduces the impact of product emissions on the environment; the hydrogen produced by seawater electrolysis is stored, and the by-product oxygen is used in the aquaculture module, which can provide the water with the necessary dissolved oxygen, thereby supporting the sustainable development of deep-sea aquaculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is an axonometric schematic diagram of a deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power generation and cooling module of a deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a collector of a deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an axonometric view of an underwater module of a deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electrolyzer and salinity difference power generation cabin of a deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is an axonometric schematic diagram of a seawater pretreatment module of a deep sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] The figure includes:

[0033] Photovoltaic power generation and cooling module 1, photovoltaic panel 101, photovoltaic panel clip 102, photoreceptor 103, water cooling pipeline 104, water pipe 105, photovoltaic support frame 106, hydraulic support mechanism 107;

[0034] Heat collector 2, internal heat absorbing coil 201, transparent glass cover 202, water supply header 203, high temperature water outlet pipe 204, support frame 205;

[0035] Heliostat Field 3;

[0036] Heat exchange steam generating chamber 4, water vapor outlet 401, concentrated seawater outlet 402;

[0037] Electrolyzer 5, anode electrode 501, cathode electrode 502, proton exchange membrane 503, gas outlet 504;

[0038] Salt difference power generation cabin 6, cation exchange membrane 601, anion exchange membrane 602, electrode system 603, drain pipe 604, ordinary seawater inlet 605;

[0039] Gas storage module 7, oxygen storage tank 701, hydrogen storage tank 702, exhaust valve 703;

[0040] Battery 8;

[0041] Seafood farming module 9;

[0042] Floating platform 10;

[0043] Seawater pretreatment module 11, filtration cabin 1101, flocculation cabin 1102, adsorption cabin 1103, water pump 1104, centrifugal pump 1105;

[0044] Steel trusses12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention efficiently integrates photovoltaic power generation and cooling modules, seawater desalination and electrolysis modules, salinity difference power generation modules, gas storage modules and seafood farming modules, thereby reducing the energy consumption of seawater desalination while improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, and effectively utilizing the by-products in the seawater desalination process, thereby optimizing the overall energy conversion and resource utilization efficiency of the system.

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the deep-sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production proposed by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0047] Figure 1 , Figure 2 The photovoltaic power generation and cooling module 1 shown mainly includes a photovoltaic panel 101, a water cooling pipeline 104 and an auxiliary supporting structure; wherein the photovoltaic panel 101 is fixed on a photovoltaic support frame 106 through a photovoltaic clip 102, and is used to receive sunlight and convert it into electrical energy; the converted electrical energy is stored through an electrically connected battery 8 for subsequent use; the back plate of the photovoltaic panel 101 is made of a high thermal conductivity material, which can quickly transfer the waste heat generated during operation to the water cooling pipeline 104; the water cooling pipeline 104 is evenly distributed on the back plate of the photovoltaic panel 101, and is connected to the water pipe 105 on both sides; during the operation of the cooling system, low-temperature seawater is supplied from one side to the cooling pipe 105; Water flows into the water pipe, and after absorbing the waste heat from the photovoltaic panel, it flows into the water supply manifold 203 from the other end to form a complete cooling system; the photovoltaic panel clip 102 not only fixes the photovoltaic panel, but also facilitates the modular installation and replacement of the photovoltaic panel; the photoreceptor 103 is used to monitor the direction of sunlight in real time and guide the photovoltaic panel to adjust the angle to maximize the solar energy capture efficiency; the hydraulic support mechanism 107 is composed of four independent hydraulic rods, each of which is connected to the photovoltaic support frame 106 through a ball joint, and cooperates with the photoreceptor 103, and can independently adjust their respective heights, accurately control the direction of the photovoltaic panel 101, and maximize the energy capture effect.

[0048] Figure 3 The collector 2 shown is arranged above the support frame 205. After cooling the photovoltaic panels, the seawater is passed into the heat absorption coil 201 inside the collector through the water supply manifold 203. After heating, it is passed into the seabed heat exchange steam generating chamber 4 through the high-temperature water outlet pipe 204; the inside of the high-temperature water outlet pipe 204 should be provided with an insulation layer filled with polyurethane, rock wool, etc.

[0049] A transparent glass cover 202 is arranged on the outside of the collector 2, and its main function is to provide protection for the internal heat absorbing coil 201 while transmitting solar radiation, so as to prevent the internal pipeline from being corroded by rain, snow and high-salt environment of the ocean; in addition, the glass cover can also reduce the convection and radiation heat dissipation loss caused by the increase in temperature of the internal heat absorbing coil 201 by forming a greenhouse effect; the internal heat absorbing coil 201 can be made of copper tube, and the surface is coated with black chrome coating to absorb solar radiation to the maximum extent while reducing the reflection of thermal radiation; the spiral design of the internal heat absorbing coil 201 not only increases the contact area with the internal medium, but also effectively enhances the convective heat transfer efficiency, ensuring that the internal seawater is heated evenly; a vacuum interlayer is arranged between the internal heat absorbing coil 201 and the transparent glass cover 202, and the vacuum state almost completely prevents the heat loss through convection and conduction, thereby improving the heat collection efficiency; the open end of the vacuum interlayer needs to be sealed by a special process to maintain a long-term vacuum state.

[0050] The heat energy of the collector 2 is obtained by reflecting and focusing sunlight through the heliostat field 3 outside the floating platform; the collector 2 can be set higher and larger, and increasing the heat absorption surface area of ​​the collector can effectively increase the overall heat collection capacity. At the same time, raising the support frame 205 of the collector can also prevent the collector 2 from blocking the photovoltaic panel 101.

[0051] The heat exchange steam generating cabin 4 is located underwater. After the high-temperature seawater enters the cabin through the high-temperature water outlet pipe 204, it quickly dissipates heat and forms a temperature difference with the low-temperature environment. Part of the seawater evaporates into water vapor due to the temperature drop; the outside of the heat exchange steam generating cabin 4 is in contact with the low-temperature seawater to provide continuous cooling, thereby maintaining an efficient evaporation process; the water vapor generated by the temperature difference enters the electrolytic cell 5 through the water vapor outlet 401 on the side of the cabin body; the concentrated seawater generated in the seawater desalination process flows into the salt difference power generation cabin 6 through the concentrated seawater outlet 402.

[0052] Figure 4 , Figure 5 The electrolytic chamber of the electrolytic cell 5 shown is separated by a proton exchange membrane 503, and the membrane assembly is fixed by a clip to ensure that the solution can flow evenly; the electrode system is electrically connected to the battery 8, and the battery 8 provides the electrolytic cell with electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation module; the anode electrode 501 and the cathode electrode 502 are respectively arranged at both ends of the electrolytic cell; the gas generated by electrolysis is introduced into the corresponding gas collection unit through the gas outlet 504 at the top of the electrolytic cell.

[0053] Figure 4 , Figure 5The salt difference power generation cabin 6 shown uses reverse electrodialysis (RED) to generate electricity. The power generation cabin shown in the figure is only provided with a pair of ion exchange membranes, and a cation exchange membrane 601 (CEM) and an anion exchange membrane 602 (AEM) are arranged in sequence in the exchange membrane pair; the ion exchange membrane separates the salt difference power generation cabin 6 into a concentrated chamber and a dilute chamber, and the membrane adjacent to the electrode plate is a cation exchange membrane 601 to prevent anions in the electrode chamber solution from penetrating and causing membrane pollution; the cathode and anode of the electrode system 603 are respectively located at the two ends of the salt difference power generation cabin; the membrane assembly is fixed by a clip to ensure that the solution can flow evenly.

[0054] Concentrated seawater and ordinary seawater flow into the concentrated chamber and the dilute chamber separated by the ion exchange membrane through the concentrated seawater outlet 402 and the ordinary seawater inlet 605 respectively. The concentration difference generated on both sides of the ion exchange membrane drives ions with different charges to transfer through the selective ion exchange membrane, thereby forming a current between the electrodes, and then accumulating electric potential on the electrodes, which becomes the driving force for power generation.

[0055] The electrode system 603 is electrically connected to the storage battery 8 for storing the electric energy generated by the salt difference power generation.

[0056] After the salt difference power generation is completed, the seawater in the cabin is discharged through the drain pipe 604. At this time, the concentration of seawater is reduced, avoiding the impact of high-concentration seawater directly discharged on the environment.

[0057] The gas storage module 7 is used to store the gas generated during the electrolysis process. Oxygen is stored in the oxygen storage tank 701. The oxygen storage tank 701 is provided with an exhaust valve 703 to provide the necessary dissolved oxygen in the water for aquaculture. Hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage tank 702.

[0058] A fixed frame steel truss 12 is provided outside the underwater cabin, and the underwater heat exchange steam generating cabin 4, the electrolyzer 5, the salt difference power generation cabin 6 and the gas storage module 7 are firmly connected to the steel truss 12 by bolts; the four corners of the steel truss 12 are connected to the floating platform 10 by steel strands;

[0059] Figure 6 The seawater pretreatment module 11 shown includes a pumping pipe 1104 and multiple water treatment chambers. Seawater flows into the filtration chamber 1101, the flocculation chamber 1102 and the adsorption chamber 1103 in sequence, and after pretreatment, it is pumped into the water pipe 105 through the centrifugal pump 1105.

[0060] The seafood farming module 9 is arranged above the floating platform 10. The seafood farming module 9 includes a feeding machine and a dissolved oxygen monitor for detecting the dissolved oxygen content inside the farming cage; the dissolved oxygen monitor can control the oxygen storage tank 701 to supply oxygen to the farming warehouse according to the dissolved oxygen content inside the cage.

[0061] The technical concept and technical scheme of the present invention are explained through the above implementation methods. The present invention installs a photovoltaic power generation module on a floating platform, and the low-temperature seawater cools the photovoltaic power generation module through the water cooling pipeline on the back of the photovoltaic panel to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation; the heated seawater flows into the collector through the transportation system, and is heated again under the focusing effect of the peripheral heliostat, and then passes into the underwater heat exchange steam generating cabin after boiling. The boiling seawater evaporates a large amount of water vapor under the temperature difference driving; the water vapor enters the electrolyzer and condenses and electrolyzes to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen and oxygen produced in the hydrogen production process are stored in the gas storage tank respectively, and the oxygen can be used to meet the oxygen supply demand of the aquaculture system; the by-product concentrated seawater is used for salt difference power generation with ordinary seawater through the salt difference power generation module to achieve energy recovery. While reducing the energy consumption of seawater desalination, the present invention improves the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, effectively utilizes the by-products in the seawater desalination process, and optimizes the overall energy conversion and resource utilization efficiency of the system.

[0062] It should be further explained that the above implementation modes are only used to understand the technical solution of the present invention, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any obvious adjustments and modifications made to the technical solution of the present invention that belong to the technical concept of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production, characterized in that: include: A photovoltaic power generation and cooling module (1) comprises a photovoltaic panel (101) and a water cooling pipeline (104), wherein the photovoltaic panel (101) is used to receive sunlight and convert it into electrical energy, and the electrical energy is stored in a storage battery (8) electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel (101); the water cooling pipeline (104) is evenly distributed on the back of the photovoltaic panel (101), and is connected to a water pipe (105) on both sides to form a complete cooling system; A seawater desalination and electrolysis module comprises a heliostat field (3), a collector (2), an underwater heat exchange steam generating cabin (4) and an electrolyzer (5), wherein the heliostat field (3) is installed at the outermost periphery of a floating platform (10) and is used to reflect and focus sunlight onto the collector (2); the collector (2) is installed above a support frame (205), a high-temperature water outlet pipe (204) is provided below the collector (2) and is connected to the underwater heat exchange steam generating cabin (4); a water vapor outlet (401) and a concentrated seawater outlet (402) are provided on the side of the underwater heat exchange steam generating cabin (4); the electrolyzer (5) is connected to the water vapor outlet (401), and the electrolyzers are respectively connected to corresponding gas collecting units and are used to discharge oxygen and hydrogen generated by electrolysis; The salt difference power generation module is installed in the salt difference power generation cabin (6) below the electrolytic cell (5); the salt difference power generation cabin (6) is connected to the concentrated seawater outlet (402) of the heat exchange steam generation cabin (4), and includes a normal seawater inlet (605) and a drain pipe (604); the concentrated seawater outlet (402) and the normal seawater inlet (605) of the heat exchange steam generation cabin (4) are arranged at intervals to ensure that seawater of different concentrations enters the membrane stack at intervals; The gas storage module (7) comprises an oxygen storage tank (701) connected to the anode electrode (501) of the electrolyzer (5) and used to store oxygen generated by electrolysis, and a hydrogen storage tank (702) connected to the cathode electrode (502) of the electrolyzer (5) and used to store hydrogen generated by electrolysis; an exhaust valve (703) is provided on the oxygen storage tank (701).

2. A deep sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salt difference power generation module comprises an electrode system (603) and an anion and cation exchange membrane pair; the cathode and anode of the electrode system (603) are respectively located at two ends of the salt difference power generation cabin (6); a plurality of ion exchange membrane pairs are evenly distributed in the salt difference power generation cabin (6), and a cation exchange membrane (601) and anion exchange membrane (602) are arranged in sequence in each exchange membrane pair. The anion and cation exchange membranes are arranged alternately as a whole, and the salt difference power generation cabin (6) is divided into a concentrated chamber and a dilute chamber, and the membrane arranged close to the electrode plate is a cation exchange membrane (601); the electrode system (603) is electrically connected to the battery (8).

3. The deep sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrolytic cell (5) comprises an electrolytic chamber, an electrode system, a proton exchange membrane (503), a water vapor inlet and a gas outlet (504); the proton exchange membrane (503) separates the electrolytic chamber from the middle; The electrode system is electrically connected to the storage battery (8); the cathode electrode (502) and the anode electrode (501) are respectively located at two ends of the electrolytic cell (5); the gas outlet (504) is located at the top of the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and is respectively connected to the corresponding gas collection units.

4. The deep sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electrolytic cell (5) is electrically connected to the storage battery (8), and the storage battery (8) provides the electrolytic cell (5) with electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module; The electrolytic cell (5) utilizes the external low temperature to condense water vapor, and the inner wall of the cell body is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material to prevent current leakage.

5. The deep sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat collector (2) adopts a double-layer design, with a transparent glass cover (202) on the outside, and the internal heat absorbing coil (201) is a copper coil, and a vacuum interlayer is provided between the two layers; The heat collector (2) can be arranged to be higher and larger; And / or, a heat-insulating layer filled with polyurethane or rock wool should be provided inside the high-temperature water outlet pipe (204).

6. The deep sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also comprises a seawater pretreatment module (11), the seawater pretreatment module (11) comprising a water pumping pipe (1104) and a water treatment chamber, the water treatment chamber being composed of a filtration chamber (1101), a flocculation chamber (1102) and an adsorption chamber (1103) in sequence, and the outlet of the seawater treatment chamber is connected to a water delivery pipe (105).

7. The deep sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The photovoltaic power generation and cooling module (1) further comprises a photovoltaic panel clip (102), a photoreceptor (103) and a hydraulic support mechanism (107); the photovoltaic panel (101) is fixed to a photovoltaic support frame (106) via the photovoltaic clip (102); the photoreceptor (103) is used to monitor the direction of sunlight in real time; the hydraulic support mechanism (107) comprises four independently arranged hydraulic rods, each of which is connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel via a ball joint and cooperates with the photoreceptor (103) to adjust the height thereof, thereby accurately controlling the direction of the photovoltaic panel.

8. The deep sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a frame-type steel truss (12) structure, wherein the underwater heat exchange steam generating cabin (4), the electrolytic cell (5), the salt difference power generation cabin (6) and the gas storage module (7) are all firmly connected to the steel truss (12) by bolts; and the four corners of the steel truss (12) are connected to the floating platform (10) by steel strands.

9. The deep sea aquaculture system based on photovoltaic-salinity difference coupled power generation and hydrogen production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marine product farming module (9) comprises a feeding machine arranged above the floating platform (10) and a dissolved oxygen monitor for detecting the dissolved oxygen content inside the farming cage; the dissolved oxygen monitor is electrically connected to the exhaust valve (703) on the oxygen storage tank (701).

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