Breeding method for improving survival rate and weight of protaetia brevitarsis larvae

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a feeding method for improving the survival rate and the weight of protaetia brevitarsis larvae in the process of treating and converting mushroom residues of the protaetia brevitarsis larvae. The breeding method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining excrement generated in the breeding process of 2-age and / or 3-age protaetia brevitarsis larvae; s2, acquiring an excrement matrix formed by the excrement; s3, 2-year-old protaetia brevitarsis larvae are put into the excrement substrate and put in the environment with the temperature being 28 + / -2 DEG C and the illumination period being L: D = 16h: 8h to be bred for 10 days, and the humidity of the substrate is controlled to be 50%-55%; and S4, picking out or screening out the larvae fed for 10 days from the excrement substrate, and putting the larvae into the mushroom bran substrate for continuous feeding. According to the method, the survival rate and weight of the larvae in the process of treating and converting the protaetia brevitarsis larvae into the mushroom bran can be increased, the utilization rate of fecula is increased, the pretreatment process of the mushroom bran is simplified, the feeding cost is reduced, the feeding method is simple and feasible, materials are convenient to take, and the industry of treating and converting the protaetia brevitarsis into the mushroom bran is greatly promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field related to insect breeding, and in particular to a breeding method for improving the survival rate and body weight of white-spotted flower beetle larvae during the process of treating and transforming bacterial chaff of the white-spotted flower beetle. Background Art

[0002] The white-spotted flower beetle belongs to the animal kingdom, the phylum Arthropoda, the class Insecta, the order Coleoptera, and the family Scarabaeidae. The larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle have strong mouthparts and can feed on decaying straw, fungus husks, sawdust and other decaying materials. They can transform a variety of agricultural wastes and decompose and transform the nutrients in the materials for their own growth. The larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle have high protein characteristics, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, and can transform agricultural organic waste into granular insect feces rich in organic matter, making it have important application and development prospects in the fields of feed, medicine and fertilizer.

[0003] In recent years, as society pays more and more attention to resource recycling and ecological environment protection, the larvae of white-spotted flower beetles have been widely studied as a valuable environmentally friendly insect resource, especially in the treatment of mushroom bran. Mushroom bran is the culture medium waste left after the product is harvested during the cultivation of edible fungi. China is a major producer of edible fungi in the world. In 2020, the total output of fresh edible mushrooms in my country was close to 7.5 million tons, and the high output value also brought about the problem of mushroom bran treatment. According to research, the production of 1kg of edible fungi will produce 3.25 to 5kg of mushroom bran. Edible mushroom bran contains rich nutrients, active substances and mineral elements, including crude fiber, crude protein, crude fat, polysaccharides, alkaloids and various enzymes, so it has great value for secondary development and utilization. At present, there have been some reports on the use of edible fungus bran to raise white-spotted flower beetles, but there are problems such as low larval survival rate, slow growth and complex pretreatment of mushroom bran. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a feeding method for improving the survival rate and body weight of larvae of white-spotted flower beetles during the process of treating transformed fungus dung.

[0005] The present invention is based on the biological characteristics of white-spotted flower beetles, and adopts the method of placing larvae in the same type of feces and mushroom chaff matrix at different times for treatment. White-spotted flower beetle larvae are divided into three instars (when the insect larvae grow to a certain extent, they will shed their skin once, so their size or growth process, i.e., the so-called insect age, can be indexed by the number of molting times. The larvae just hatched from eggs and before the first molting are called the first instar larvae, and the larvae after the first molting are called the second instar larvae. The rest is analogous), and larvae of different instars have different requirements for food and environmental conditions. The general mortality rate of low-age larvae (1st and 2nd instar larvae) is higher than that of high-age larvae, so it is particularly important to raise and manage the larvae at a low age. The 1st and 2nd instar larvae are directly placed in mushroom chaff for feeding, and the larval mortality rate is high. The inventor unexpectedly found that the 2nd instar larvae are placed in the feces of the larvae raised in the previous batch, and the larvae will not die of hunger, but can grow better, and have stronger environmental adaptability. After 10 days, they are placed in mushroom chaff for continuous feeding, and the larval survival rate and body weight can be significantly improved. During the breeding process, the mushroom bran does not need to be crushed, screened, fermented, etc. It only needs simple manual crushing and removal of large particles to achieve a good breeding effect.

[0006] The specific method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Obtain feces produced during the rearing of 2nd- and / or 3rd-instar flower beetle larvae;

[0008] S2: obtaining a fecal matrix formed by the feces;

[0009] S3: placing the 2nd-instar flower beetle larvae into the feces matrix and raising them in an environment with a temperature of 28±2°C and a light cycle of L:D=16h:8h for 10 days;

[0010] S4: After 10 days of rearing, the larvae are picked out or sieved out from the feces matrix, placed in a fungus bran matrix, and placed in an environment with a temperature of 28±2° C. and a light cycle of L:D=16h:8h for further rearing.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the feces matrix has a thickness of 5-10 cm. Further preferably, the feces matrix has a thickness of 8 cm.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the humidity of the feces substrate is 50%-55%.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the method of obtaining the feces matrix formed by the feces comprises:

[0014] Separating the feces and larvae produced during the rearing of 2nd- and / or 3rd-instar flower beetle larvae and drying them in the sun;

[0015] Put the dried feces into the breeding box, add water and stir evenly to keep the humidity at 50%-55%.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the method for obtaining the 2nd-instar flower beetle larvae is:

[0017] The newly hatched larvae are placed in crushed corn stalks for feeding. When the larvae reach the second instar, they are picked out or sieved out with a sieve.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the thickness of the fungus dregs substrate is 5-10 cm. Further preferably, the thickness of the fungus dregs substrate is 8 cm.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the humidity of the fungus bran substrate is 50-55%.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the method for obtaining the fungus bran substrate is:

[0021] Crush or roll the mushroom husks and put them into the breeding box. Pick out the large pieces and discard them. Add water and stir evenly to control the humidity at 50-55%.

[0022] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mushroom bran is one or more of Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Nameko phyllostachys, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Pleurotus eryngii or Tremella fuciformis.

[0023] The above one or more technical solutions in the method for raising the survival rate and weight of white-spotted flower beetle larvae provided by the embodiment of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0024] The breeding method for improving the survival rate and weight of the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle in the embodiment of the present invention can improve the survival rate and weight of the larvae during the process of the white-spotted flower beetle larvae processing and transforming mushroom bran, improve the utilization rate of insect feces, simplify the pretreatment process of mushroom bran, and reduce the breeding cost. The breeding method is simple and feasible, and the materials are easy to obtain, which has a great promoting effect on the industry of processing and transforming mushroom bran of the white-spotted flower beetle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute limitations of the present invention. Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a breeding method for improving the survival rate and body weight of white-spotted flower beetle larvae according to some embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0027] The embodiment of the invention discloses a breeding method for improving the survival rate and body weight of white-spotted flower beetle larvae.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the breeding method for improving the survival rate and body weight of white-spotted flower beetle larvae has the following steps:

[0029] S1: Obtain feces produced during the rearing of 2nd- and / or 3rd-instar flower beetle larvae.

[0030] S2: obtaining a feces matrix formed by the feces, wherein the feces matrix has a thickness of 5-10 cm and a humidity of 50%-55%.

[0031] Specifically, the feces produced during the rearing of the 2nd and / or 3rd instar flower beetle larvae in the previous rearing cycle are separated from the larvae and then dried in the sun. The feces of the larvae (basically free of other impurities, pure feces) are put into a rearing box, water is added and stirred evenly, the humidity is controlled at 50%-55%, and the thickness of the feces is 5-10 cm.

[0032] S3: The 2nd-instar flower beetle larvae were placed in the feces matrix and raised in an environment with a temperature of 28±2° C. and a light cycle of L:D=16h:8h for 10 days.

[0033] Specifically, the 2nd instar larvae picked out or screened out are placed in a breeding box, and the breeding box is placed in a biochemical incubator or an artificial climate chamber with a temperature set at 28±2°C and a light cycle set at L:D=16h:8h. Check regularly, spray water appropriately, and keep the humidity of the insect feces controlled at 50%-55%.

[0034] Among them, the method for obtaining the 2nd-instar white-star flower beetle larvae is as follows:

[0035] The newly hatched larvae are placed in crushed corn stalks for feeding. When the larvae reach the second instar, they are picked out or sieved out with a sieve.

[0036] S4: After 10 days of feeding, the larvae are picked out or sieved out from the feces matrix, placed in a fungus bran matrix, and placed in an environment with a temperature of 28±2°C and a light cycle of L:D=16h:8h for further feeding. The fungus bran matrix has a thickness of 5-10 cm and a humidity of 50-55%.

[0037] Wherein, the method for obtaining the fungus bran matrix is:

[0038] Crush or roll the mushroom husks and put them into the breeding box. Pick out the large pieces and discard them. Add water and stir evenly to control the humidity at 50-55%.

[0039] Then, place the breeding box in a biochemical incubator or artificial climate chamber with a temperature set at 28±2°C and a light cycle set at L:D=16h:8h. Check it regularly, spray water appropriately, and keep the humidity of the fungus bran at 50%-55%.

[0040] Illustratively, in this embodiment, the mushroom bran may be one or more of Pleurotus ostreatus, shiitake mushroom, Flammulina velutipes, Nameko phyllostachys, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Pleurotus eryngii or Tremella fuciformis.

[0041] The following is a specific description of the feeding method for improving the survival rate and body weight of white-spotted flower beetle larvae provided by the embodiments of the present invention through experiments.

[0042] The feces of the third-instar larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle were separated from the larvae, dried and stored. Before the experiment, the insect feces were taken out, mixed with water, and the humidity was adjusted to about 50%-55% for use.

[0043] Take the oyster mushroom bran, mash it, add water and mix well, adjust the humidity to about 50%-55%, and set aside.

[0044] Select newly hatched 1st instar larvae raised in large quantities indoors, and place the larvae in the above larval feces for 5, 10, 15, and 20 days, then take them out and place them in the fungus husk for feeding. Put 20 larvae in each box, and repeat 3 times for each treatment. The larvae are always kept in the fungus husk as the control. The feces and fungus husk matrix is ​​about 8 cm thick, and the feeding box is placed in a biochemical incubator set at 28±2℃ and a light cycle set at L:D=16h:8h. The survival rate and weight of the larvae were investigated after 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days.

[0045] Table 1 Survival rate of 1st instar larvae (%)

[0046]

[0047] As can be seen from Table 1, after 5 days of investigation, the average survival rate of the 1st instar larvae in the control was 76.67%, and the survival numbers of the larvae in the treatment of changing to mushroom husk after 5, 10, 15 and 20 days were 25.00%, 16.67%, 20.00% and 16.67% respectively, which was significantly higher than the other treatments, indicating that the survival rate of the 1st instar larvae in mushroom husk was higher than that in insect excrement. After 10 days, 15 days, 20 days, 25 days and 30 days of investigation, the survival rate of the control larvae was much higher than that of all the treatments of changing to mushroom husk with insect excrement, indicating that mushroom husk is more conducive to the survival of 1st instar larvae than insect excrement, but the survival rate of 1st instar larvae in mushroom husk is not high either, so the 1st instar larvae are not suitable for processing the transformed mushroom husk, and it is better to raise them in conventional substrates.

[0048] The same method as above was used, only the larvae raised were changed from 1st instar to 2nd instar. The results are as follows:

[0049] Table 2 Survival rate of 2nd instar larvae (%)

[0050]

[0051] As can be seen from Table 2, after 5 days of investigation, the average survival rate of the 2nd instar larvae in the control was 80%, and the survival rates of the larvae in the treatment of changing to mushroom bran on 5, 10, 15, and 20 days were 95%, 96.67%, 95%, and 96.67%, respectively. The control was significantly lower than the other treatments, indicating that the survival rate of the 2nd instar larvae in insect feces was higher than that in mushroom bran. After 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days of investigation, the survival rate of the control larvae was lower than that of the treatment of changing to mushroom bran on insect feces. After 30 days of investigation, the survival rate of the larvae in the treatment of changing to mushroom bran on 10 and 20 days was the highest, indicating that these two treatments were most beneficial to the survival of the larvae.

[0052] Table 3 Weight of 2nd instar larvae and larvae after 2nd instar to 3rd instar (g)

[0053]

[0054] As can be seen from Table 3, after 5 days of investigation, the average weight of the 2nd instar larvae in the control was 2.16g, and the weight of the 5th, 10th, 15th and 20th day treatments was 5.77g, 5.00g, 5.27g and 4.85g, respectively. The control was significantly lower than the other treatments, indicating that the weight growth rate of the 2nd instar larvae in insect feces was faster than that in fungus bran. After 15 days, 20 days, 25 days and 30 days of investigation, the weight of the larvae in the treatment of feeding with fungus bran after 10 days in insect feces was the highest, indicating that putting the larvae in insect feces for a period of time before feeding is conducive to the growth of 2nd and 3rd instar larvae (according to the investigation, most of the 2nd instar larvae entered the 3rd instar after 25 days), and 10 days is the best.

[0055] Table 4 Average weight of individual larvae (g)

[0056]

[0057] As can be seen from Table 4, after 5 days of investigation, the average weight of the 2nd-instar single larvae in the control was 0.13g, and the weight of the larvae in the treatment of changing to mushroom bran on the 5th, 10th, 15th and 20th days were 0.30g, 0.26g, 0.28g and 0.25g respectively, which was significantly lower than the other treatments, indicating that the weight growth rate of the 2nd-instar larvae in insect feces was faster than that in mushroom bran. After 15 days, 20 days, 25 days and 30 days of investigation, the weight of the single larvae in the treatment of changing to mushroom bran after 10 days in insect feces was the highest, which was consistent with the trend of the average value of the total weight of the larvae in each treatment.

[0058] It should be noted that all features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0059] In addition, the above specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention description and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation of the claims. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for raising the survival rate and weight of white-spotted flower beetle larvae, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Obtain feces produced during the rearing of 2nd- and / or 3rd-instar flower beetle larvae; S2: obtaining a fecal matrix formed by the feces; S3: placing the 2nd-instar flower beetle larvae into the feces matrix and raising them in an environment with a temperature of 28±2°C and a light cycle of L:D=16h:8h for 10 days; S4: After 10 days of rearing, the larvae are picked out or sieved out from the feces matrix, placed in a fungus bran matrix, and placed in an environment with a temperature of 28±2° C. and a light cycle of L:D=16h:8h for further rearing.

2. The method for raising the survival rate and body weight of the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the feces matrix has a thickness of 5-10 cm.

3. The method for raising the survival rate and body weight of the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the humidity of the feces substrate is 50%-55%.

4. The method for raising the survival rate and body weight of the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the method of obtaining a feces matrix formed by the feces includes: Separating the feces and larvae produced during the rearing of 2nd- and / or 3rd-instar flower beetle larvae and drying them in the sun; Put the dried feces into the breeding box, add water and stir evenly to keep the humidity at 50%-55%.

5. The method for raising the survival rate and body weight of the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the method for obtaining the 2nd-instar white-spotted flower beetle larvae is: The newly hatched larvae are placed in crushed corn stalks for feeding. When the larvae reach the second instar, they are picked out or sieved out with a sieve.

6. The method for raising the survival rate and body weight of the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the thickness of the fungus husk matrix is ​​5-10 cm.

7. The method for raising the survival rate and body weight of the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the humidity of the fungus bran substrate is 50-55%.

8. The method for raising the survival rate and body weight of the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the method for obtaining the fungus bran substrate is: Crush or roll the mushroom husks and put them into the breeding box. Pick out the large pieces and discard them. Add water and stir evenly to control the humidity at 50-55%.

9. The method for raising the survival rate and body weight of the larvae of the white-spotted flower beetle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The mushroom dregs are one or more of oyster mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, citrus flammulina, king oyster mushrooms, or white fungus.

Images