A mixed feed additive for improving the immunity of animals and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and provides a mixed feed additive for improving immunity of an animal body and a preparation method thereof.The mixed feed additive for improving immunity of an animal body comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of enzymolysis eggshell membrane powder, 38-42 parts of enzymolysis bamboo fiber, 0.5-0.8 parts of probiotics, 10-15 parts of beet powder, 8-12 parts of psyllium powder and 4-6 parts of dandelion powder.The application can effectively enhance the immunity of the animal body.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a mixed feed additive for improving the immunity of an animal body and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A feed additive refers to a small amount or trace amount of substance added in the process of feed production and processing, and has a significant effect although the amount is very small. The feed additive is a raw material necessarily used in modern feed industry, and has obvious effects on the following aspects: strengthening the nutritional value of basic feed, improving the performance of animal production, ensuring the health of animals, saving the cost of feed, and improving the quality of livestock products.

[0003] In the existing feed additive, dietary fiber is used as a main component. Although the dietary fiber can improve the satiety of animals, promote intestinal peristalsis and digestion and absorption, due to the large particle size of the dietary fiber, the taste is not good, which affects the taste of the feed and the feed intake of animals. Moreover, the dietary fiber has less nutritional components, and the nutritional supplement effect on animals is relatively limited. If too much dietary fiber is eaten, the digestion and absorption of other nutrients by animals will be affected, thereby reducing the immunity of the animal body and affecting the weight gain effect of animals. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems, the application provides a mixed feed additive for improving the immunity of an animal body and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively enhance the immunity of the animal body.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, in the first aspect, the application provides a mixed feed additive for improving the immunity of an animal body, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of enzymatic eggshell membrane powder, 38-42 parts of enzymatic bamboo fiber, 0.5-0.8 parts of probiotics, 10-15 parts of beet powder, 8-12 parts of psyllium powder and 4-6 parts of dandelion powder.

[0006] Further, the preparation method of the enzymatic eggshell membrane powder is as follows:

[0007] A1, crushing eggshell membrane and passing through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain crushed eggshell membrane;

[0008] A2, taking the crushed eggshell membrane obtained in A1, soaking in anhydrous ethanol, and then filtering to obtain solid substances;

[0009] A3, washing the solid substances obtained in A2 multiple times, adding water to obtain a mixture, and then heating the mixture, adjusting the pH value to 8.0, adding alkaline protease, and performing hydrolysis treatment to obtain a treated hydrolysate;

[0010] A4, adjusting the pH value of the treated hydrolysate obtained in A3 to 7.0, sterilizing, and then centrifuging to obtain supernatant.

[0011] A5, adding activated carbon to the supernatant obtained in A4, stirring, and then filtering to obtain a filtrate, and then concentrating and spray drying the filtrate to obtain the enzyme-degraded eggshell membrane powder.

[0012] Further, in A3, the concentration of the mixture is 4.7-5.2 g / 100 mL, the specific operation of the heating treatment is 60-65 °C for 1-1.5 h, the mass of the alkaline protease is 0.04-0.06% of the mass of the mixture, and the specific operation of the hydrolysis treatment is hydrolysis at 50-55 °C for 5.5-6 h.

[0013] Further, in A4, the specific operation of the sterilization treatment is sterilization at 88-92 °C for 12-17 min.

[0014] Further, in A5, the mass of the activated carbon is 12-20% of the mass of the supernatant.

[0015] Further, the preparation method of the enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber is as follows:

[0016] B1, drying the bamboo chips at 65-70 °C for 60-70 min, crushing, and then passing through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain coarse bamboo powder;

[0017] B2, taking the coarse bamboo powder obtained in B1, adding thereto thermostable alpha-amylase and a phosphate buffer solution with a pH value of 6.5, and then performing water bath treatment at 93-97 °C for 15-20 min, filtering and rinsing, and then performing hydrolysis with neutral protease at 60 °C for 30 min and boiling water bath enzyme inactivation for 10 min to obtain a bamboo powder hydrolysate;

[0018] B3, adjusting the pH value of the bamboo powder hydrolysate obtained in B2 to 7.0, adding an ethanol solution, standing, centrifuging, drying, and grinding to obtain the enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber.

[0019] Further, in B2, the mass of the thermostable alpha-amylase is 0.3-0.5% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder, and the mass of the neutral protease is 0.4-0.6% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder.

[0020] Further, in B3, 4 times the volume of 95% ethanol solution is added to the bamboo powder hydrolysate, and after standing for 12 hours, centrifugation is performed at a speed of 5000 r / min for 30 min, and drying is performed at 65 °C.

[0021] Further, in B3, the grinding is performed at 25 °C, the mass ratio of the grinding ball to the bamboo fiber is (6-8):1, and the grinding time is 2 h.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of the mixed feed additive for improving the immunity of animals, comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing enzyme-decomposed eggshell membrane powder, enzyme-decomposed bamboo fiber, probiotics, beet powder, psyllium powder and dandelion powder, and obtaining the mixed feed additive.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The feed additive comprises enzyme-decomposed eggshell membrane powder and enzyme-decomposed bamboo fiber. On the one hand, in the preparation of the enzyme-decomposed eggshell membrane powder, the alkaline protease used can decompose some proteins in the eggshell membrane into small-molecule polypeptides with antibacterial activity, i.e. antibacterial peptides, etc., which can directly act on pathogens and enhance the non-specific immune function of animals. The enzyme-decomposed bamboo fiber is fermented by intestinal microorganisms in the intestinal tract to produce beneficial substances such as short-chain fatty acids, which can provide energy requirements for intestinal epithelial cells, maintain the normal physiological functions and metabolic activities of intestinal cells, promote the growth and repair of intestinal cells, regulate the pH value in the intestinal tract, help the intestinal environment to maintain acidity, and be conducive to the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms (such as bifidobacterium and lactobacillus) and the inhibition of the growth of harmful microorganisms (such as pathogenic escherichia coli and salmonella), and promote the secretion of more mucus by intestinal goblet cells to form a protective barrier on the surface of the intestinal mucosa, effectively preventing harmful microorganisms from directly contacting the intestinal epithelial cells and preventing the invasion and infection of pathogens. Meanwhile, the mucus contains various antibacterial substances such as lysozyme and immunoglobulin, which can further enhance the defense and barrier capacity of the intestinal tract. The enzyme-decomposed eggshell membrane powder and the enzyme-decomposed bamboo fiber synergistically enhance the immunity of the animal body.

[0025] On the other hand, the enzyme-decomposed eggshell membrane powder is rich in nutritional ingredients such as proteins, polysaccharides and lipids. The enzyme-decomposed bamboo fiber contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The enzyme-decomposed eggshell membrane powder and the enzyme-decomposed bamboo fiber synergistically complement each other in nutritional ingredients to provide more comprehensive nutritional support for animals. Moreover, proteins and polysaccharides can form complexes through the Maillard reaction in the feed system, change the physicochemical properties of the feed system, and further improve the digestion and absorption and physiological functions of the feed in the animal body, thereby synergistically improving the weight gain effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A comparison trend chart of test data of the feed additive prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in the test examples of the present application for testing the weight gain of calves;

[0027] Figure 2 A comparison trend chart of test data of the feed additive prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in the test examples of the present application for testing the immunity (IgA) of calves;

[0028] Figure 3 A comparison trend chart of test data of the effect of the feed additive prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in the test example of the present application on the immunity (IgM) of a calf;

[0029] Figure 4 A comparison trend chart of test data of the effect of the feed additive prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 in the test example of the present application on the immunity (IgG) of a calf. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be apparently and completely described in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] Example 1: (1) Preparation of enzymatic eggshell membrane powder, the preparation method is as follows:

[0032] A1, crush the eggshell membrane and pass through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain crushed eggshell membrane. The eggshell membrane is also called chicken egg membrane, chicken egg white skin, etc. It is the egg membrane inside the eggshell after the chicken egg is hatched. It is a dry product on the market, a wrinkled paper-like thin film, with different sizes, light yellow or yellowish white, slightly shiny, light and fragile, with a slight fishy odor.

[0033] A2, take 100 g of the crushed eggshell membrane obtained in A1, add 300 mL of anhydrous ethanol, soak for 1 h, and then filter to obtain a solid substance.

[0034] A3, the solid substance obtained in A2 is washed with water three times and filtered, then water is added to obtain a mixture, and the concentration of the mixture is 5.0 g / 100 mL. Then the mixture is subjected to heating treatment, and the specific operation of heating treatment is 62℃ for 1.2 h. Adjust the pH value to 8.0, and add alkaline protease with a mass of 0.05% of the mass of the mixture. Perform hydrolysis treatment, and the specific operation of hydrolysis treatment is hydrolysis at 52℃ for 5.8 h to obtain a treated hydrolysate.

[0035] The alkaline protease (YT2389) is purchased from Beijing Yita Biological Technology Co., Ltd.

[0036] A4, adjust the pH value of the treated hydrolysate obtained in A3 to 7.0, and sterilize, and the specific operation of sterilization is sterilization at 92℃ for 15 min. Then centrifuge to obtain a supernatant.

[0037] A5, adding activated carbon into the supernatant obtained in A4, the mass of activated carbon is 15% of the mass of the supernatant, stirring at 240 r / min for 45 min, then filtering, obtaining the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate to a concentrate with a mass of 15% of the mass of the filtrate, and then spray drying at a temperature of about 240°C, to obtain the enzyme-degraded eggshell membrane powder.

[0038] (2) Preparation of enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber, the preparation method is as follows:

[0039] B1, drying the bamboo chips at 68°C for 65 min, then crushing, and passing through a 20-mesh sieve to obtain coarse bamboo powder.

[0040] B2, taking the coarse bamboo powder obtained in B1 and placing it in a beaker, adding thereto thermostable alpha-amylase with a mass of 0.4% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder, and adding thereto phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 6.5 with a mass of 5 times the mass of the coarse bamboo powder, and then performing water bath at 95°C for 18 min, filtering and rinsing, and then performing hydrolysis with neutral protease at 60°C for 30 min, the mass of the neutral protease being 0.5% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder, and then performing boiling water bath for 10 min to inactivate the enzyme, to obtain bamboo powder hydrolysate.

[0041] Among them, the thermostable alpha-amylase (A109182) is purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochem Technology Co., Ltd. The neutral protease (YT0808) is purchased from Beijing Yita Biological Technology Co., Ltd.

[0042] B3, adjusting the pH of the bamboo powder hydrolysate obtained in B2 to 7.0, adding 4 times the volume of 95% ethanol solution in the bamboo powder hydrolysate, standing for 12 h, then centrifuging at a speed of 5000 r / min for 30 min, drying at 65°C, and then grinding at 25°C, the mass ratio of grinding ball to bamboo fiber being 7:1, and the grinding time being 2 h, to obtain the enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber.

[0043] (3) Preparation of mixed feed additive for improving the immunity of animal body, the preparation method being as follows: uniformly mixing enzyme-degraded eggshell membrane powder 22 parts, enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber 40 parts, probiotic 0.6 part, beet powder 12 parts, psyllium powder 10 parts, and dandelion powder 5 parts by weight, to obtain the mixed feed additive.

[0044] Among them, the probiotic (Renhe) is a powder-like commercially available product, mainly including Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium and other beneficial bacteria.

[0045] Example 2: Preparation of mixed feed additive for improving the immunity of animal body, the preparation method being as follows: uniformly mixing enzyme-degraded eggshell membrane powder 20 parts, enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber 38 parts, probiotic 0.5 part, beet powder 10 parts, psyllium powder 8 parts, and dandelion powder 4 parts by weight, to obtain the mixed feed additive.

[0046] Example 3: A mixed type of feed additive for improving the immunity of animals is prepared by mixing 25 parts of the enzyme-degraded eggshell membrane powder, 42 parts of the enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber, 0.8 parts of the probiotic, 15 parts of the beet pulp, 12 parts of the psyllium powder, and 6 parts of the dandelion powder.

[0047] Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the enzyme-degraded eggshell membrane powder is replaced by the crushed eggshell membrane, and the enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber is reduced from 40 parts to 25 parts.

[0048] Specifically, a mixed type of feed additive for improving the immunity of animals is prepared by mixing 22 parts of the crushed eggshell membrane, 25 parts of the enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber, 0.6 parts of the probiotic, 12 parts of the beet pulp, 10 parts of the psyllium powder, and 5 parts of the dandelion powder.

[0049] Comparative Example 2: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the enzyme-degraded eggshell membrane powder is replaced by the crushed eggshell membrane.

[0050] Specifically, a mixed type of feed additive for improving the immunity of animals is prepared by mixing 22 parts of the crushed eggshell membrane, 40 parts of the enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber, 0.6 parts of the probiotic, 12 parts of the beet pulp, 10 parts of the psyllium powder, and 5 parts of the dandelion powder.

[0051] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber is reduced from 40 parts to 25 parts.

[0052] Specifically, a mixed type of feed additive for improving the immunity of animals is prepared by mixing 22 parts of the enzyme-degraded eggshell membrane powder, 25 parts of the enzyme-degraded bamboo fiber, 0.6 parts of the probiotic, 12 parts of the beet pulp, 10 parts of the psyllium powder, and 5 parts of the dandelion powder.

[0053] Test Example: Test objects: the feed additives prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0054] Test Method: 105 healthy and approximately (50±2 kg) weight calf are randomly divided into 7 groups (15 in each group), which are recorded as the control group, the Example 1 group, the Example 2 group, the Example 3 group, the Comparative Example 1 group, the Comparative Example 2 group, and the Comparative Example 3 group. The control group is not added with the feed additive in the feed; the other 6 groups are added with the corresponding feed additive (the addition amount is 1.2%) in the feed; the feeding mode of each group is the same, which is three times a day, and the test period is 30 days. The daily feed intake and the body weight of the calf are measured and recorded every day, the average daily weight gain is calculated after the test, the blood is taken from the vena cava, and the serum immune indexes are detected. The test data is analyzed by ANOVA model in SAS9.2 statistical software.

[0055] Test results: see Table 1.

[0056] Table 1. Test example data

[0057]

[0058] Result analysis: analyze the control group and the example 1-3 groups and combine the data in Table 1 and Figures 1-4 It can be seen that the feed additive prepared by the present application (example 1-3) can significantly improve the weight gain effect and significantly enhance the immunity of the animal body.

[0059] Analyze the control group, example 1 group and comparative example 1-3 groups and combine the data in Table 1 and Figures 1-4 By comparing comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, it can be seen that increasing the amount of enzymatic bamboo fiber in the feed additive component from 25 parts to 40 parts will lead to a decrease in weight gain effect and a decrease in the immunity of the animal body.

[0060] The inventor believes that this is because the enzymatic bamboo fiber (dietary fiber) has less nutritional components and has a relatively limited nutritional supplement effect on animals; when too much is consumed, it will affect the digestion and absorption of other nutrients by animals, thereby reducing the immunity of the animal body and affecting the weight gain of animals.

[0061] In combination with the comparison between comparative example 1 and example 1, it can be seen that enzymatic eggshell membrane powder and enzymatic bamboo fiber can synergistically enhance the immunity of the animal body and synergistically improve the weight gain effect.

[0062] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing examples or make equivalent replacements to some of the technical features, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A mixed type feed additive for enhancing immunity of animals, characterized in that: By weight parts, including the following components: enzyme hydrolysis eggshell membrane powder 20-25 parts, enzyme hydrolysis bamboo fiber 38-42 parts, probiotics 0.5-0.8 parts, beet powder 10-15 parts, psyllium powder 8-12 parts and dandelion powder 4-6 parts; ​ The preparation method of the enzyme hydrolysis eggshell membrane powder is as follows: A1, the eggshell membrane is crushed and passed through an 80 mesh sieve to obtain crushed eggshell membrane; A2, taking the crushed eggshell membrane obtained in A1, adding anhydrous ethanol for soaking, then filtering to obtain solid material; A3, the solid material obtained in A2 is washed with water for several times, then water is added to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is subjected to heating treatment, the pH value is adjusted to 8.0, alkaline protease is added, and hydrolysis treatment is carried out to obtain treated hydrolysate; A4, the treated hydrolysate obtained in A3 is adjusted to a pH value of 7.0, sterilized, then centrifuged to obtain supernatant; A5, active carbon is added to the supernatant obtained in A4, stirred, then filtered to obtain filtrate, and the filtrate is concentrated and spray dried to obtain enzyme hydrolysis eggshell membrane powder; The preparation method of the enzyme hydrolysis bamboo fiber is as follows: B1, the bamboo chips are dried at 65-70℃ for 60-70min, then crushed and passed through a 20 mesh sieve to obtain coarse bamboo powder; B2, taking the coarse bamboo powder obtained in B1, adding thereto heat-resistant α-amylase and phosphate buffer solution with a pH value of 6.5, then placing the mixture in a water bath at 93-97℃ for 15-20min, filtering and rinsing, then hydrolyzing with neutral protease at 60℃ for 30min, and boiling in water bath for 10min to inactivate the enzyme, thereby obtaining bamboo powder hydrolysate; B3, the bamboo powder hydrolysate obtained in B2 is adjusted to a pH value of 7.0, then ethanol solution is added, after standing, centrifuged, dried, and ground to obtain enzyme hydrolysis bamboo fiber.

2. The mixed feed additive for enhancing immunity of animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: In A3, the concentration of the mixture is 4.7-5.2g / 100mL, the specific operation of heating treatment is 60-65℃ for 1-1.5h, the mass of the alkaline protease is 0.04-0.06% of the mass of the mixture, and the specific operation of hydrolysis treatment is 50-55℃ for 5.5-6h.

3. The mixed feed additive for enhancing immunity of animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: In A4, the specific operation of sterilization treatment is 88-92℃ for 12-17min.

4. The mixed feed additive for enhancing immunity of animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: In A5, the mass of the active carbon is 12-20% of the mass of the supernatant.

5. The mixed feed additive for enhancing immunity of animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: In B2, the mass of the heat-resistant α-amylase is 0.3-0.5% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder, and the mass of the neutral protease is 0.4-0.6% of the mass of the coarse bamboo powder.

6. The mixed feed additive for enhancing immunity of animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: In B3, 4 times the volume of 95% ethanol solution is added to the bamboo powder hydrolysate, after standing for 12 hours, centrifuged at a speed of 5000r / min for 30min, and dried at 65℃.

7. The mixed feed additive for enhancing immunity of animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: In B3, the grinding is carried out at 25℃, the mass ratio of grinding ball to bamboo fiber is (6-8):1, and the grinding time is 2h.

8. A method for preparing the mixed feed additive for enhancing immunity of animals according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing enzyme hydrolysis eggshell membrane powder, enzyme hydrolysis bamboo fiber, probiotics, beet powder, psyllium powder and dandelion powder to obtain the product.

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