Intracranial puncture guide positioning device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument, comprising a base, a positioning guide rod, an auxiliary guide rod, a right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, an I-shaped ruler, and a T-shaped ruler; the base comprises a base, a pillow support assembly, a front nail assembly, and a base main rod; the pillow support assembly is mounted on the base; the two ends of the base main rod are respectively mounted on the pillow support assembly and the front nail assembly; a first puncture channel is formed on the positioning guide rod, and a first tenon is mounted on both ends; a second tenon is mounted on the end of the auxiliary guide rod; a first groove adapted to the first tenon is formed at one acute angle of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, and a second groove adapted to the second tenon is formed at a right angle. The present invention can achieve precise positioning and guidance of intracranial targets, has a simple structure, and is easy to operate. In particular, the main frame is located at the midline, which has little obstruction to intraoperative operations, greatly facilitating the operator's operation.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority from application number: "202311809598.4" and filing date: "December 26, 2023" Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to an intracranial puncture guide locator. Background Art

[0003] In the prior art, the following methods are commonly used for cranial puncture positioning and guidance: 1. Blind puncture method using cranial CT to locate the intracranial target and mark the scalp puncture point (mostly used by grassroots institutions): This method requires the patient to undergo a CT scan to measure the three-dimensional position of the intracranial target (cerebral hemorrhage). In practice, the scalp puncture point is marked, the angle is adjusted based on experience, and the puncture is performed manually through the scalp marked point to the intracranial target without an auxiliary guiding device. The disadvantage is that the marked point is separated from the target, making it difficult to combine the two during manual operation, resulting in puncture failure due to deviation from the target. The repeatability is poor and it is not suitable for clinical promotion. 2. CT-guided puncture method: This method requires the CT room to be performed. Compared with the blind puncture method, the method also requires CT examination. Although the CT is promptly detected, it is actually to adjust the direction and supplement the puncture after the puncture direction deviates, rather than guiding the next puncture to the correct position. Therefore, the disadvantages of separation between the target and the puncture point and poor repeatability still exist. In addition, the sterile environment cannot be achieved when the surgical operation is performed in the CT room. It also has the disadvantage of passively receiving more radiation. 3. Frame-type cranial stereotactic instrument method: This method was originally used for intracerebral electrode implantation and is used to locate puncture for cerebral hemorrhage. The process is cumbersome, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and complex to operate. The equipment is expensive. Only a few central hospitals have such equipment, and it has not yet been widely promoted at the grassroots level. 4. Neuronavigation positioning method: The operation is complex and the equipment is expensive. It has not yet been promoted as a grassroots emergency treatment for cerebral hemorrhage. 5. Robotic navigation: The positioning is accurate, but the equipment is expensive, making it difficult to promote as a grassroots emergency treatment for cerebral hemorrhage. 6. 3D printing post-assisted method: The process requires review, is time-consuming, and is not suitable for emergency surgery. It is expensive and not suitable for grassroots promotion.

[0004] Existing technologies have the following shortcomings, which require improvement: 1. The puncture site is separated from the target site, resulting in poor puncture accuracy and technically difficult to replicate. 2. While high-end equipment improves accuracy, the procedure is cumbersome, the equipment is expensive, and the process is time-consuming, making it difficult to use in emergency situations and promote at the grassroots level.

[0005] Therefore, a simple intracranial puncture guide locator was designed, which is suitable for emergency use and easy to promote at the grassroots level. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an intracranial puncture guide positioning device, comprising:

[0008] The base comprises a base, a pillow support assembly, a brow nail assembly and a base main rod; the pillow support assembly is mounted on the base; both ends of the base main rod are mounted on the pillow support assembly and the brow nail assembly respectively, and the angle between the base main rod and the base is adjustable;

[0009] A positioning guide rod is slidably fitted on the base main rod; a first tenon is installed on the end of the positioning guide rod; and a first puncture channel is formed on the positioning guide rod;

[0010] An auxiliary guide rod is slidably fitted on the main rod of the base; a second tenon is installed at the end of the auxiliary guide rod;

[0011] A right-angled triangular telescopic ruler, wherein one acute angle of the right-angled triangular telescopic ruler is provided with a first groove adapted to fit the first tenon, another acute angle is provided with a second puncture channel, and a right angle is provided with a second groove adapted to fit the second tenon;

[0012] Wherein, a telescopic I-shaped ruler and a telescopic T-shaped ruler are slidably matched on the main rod of the base.

[0013] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the pillow support assembly includes a pillow support body, the pillow support body is installed on the base through a lifting pillow support rod, and the lifting pillow support rod is installed on one end of the base main rod through a second adjustment sleeve; the pillow support body is overall "spoon" shaped, and the top surface of the pillow support body is adapted to the shape of the occipital part of the human skull.

[0014] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the frontal nail assembly includes:

[0015] A brow nail rod, the brow nail rod being mounted on one end of the base main rod through a first adjusting sleeve;

[0016] A head nail is detachably connected to the brow nail rod, and the tip of the head nail faces the base.

[0017] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler comprises a first right-angle ruler, a second right-angle ruler and an oblique ruler; the first right-angle ruler, the second right-angle ruler and the oblique ruler are connected end to end in sequence;

[0018] The first square and the second square are fixedly connected with each other at an angle of 90°; the second groove is provided at the connection between the first square and the second square;

[0019] The first square and the second square are hinged to two ends of the inclined ruler respectively;

[0020] The first groove is formed at the connection between the first square and the oblique ruler, and the second puncture hole is formed at the connection between the second square and the oblique ruler;

[0021] The first square, the second square, and the oblique ruler are all telescopic structures, and are each equipped with fixing screws. With the exception of the right angle of the telescopic right-angle triangle, which is fixed at 90°, the degrees of the remaining two angles can be changed as the first square, the second square, and the oblique ruler are extended or retracted.

[0022] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, a sliding sleeve is installed on the positioning guide rod and the auxiliary guide rod, and the sliding sleeve is slidably sleeved on the base main rod. A positioning bolt is installed on the sliding sleeve, and the positioning bolt is detachably connected to the outer wall of the base main rod.

[0023] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the lifting pillow support rod includes a bearing plate and a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is installed on the base, the bearing plate is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic rod, the pillow support body is fixedly installed on the bearing plate, and one end of the base main rod is installed on the bearing plate through the second adjustment sleeve.

[0024] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the cross-sections of the first tenon and the first groove are both isosceles triangles, and the cross-sections of the second tenon and the second groove are both circular.

[0025] According to the intracranial puncture guide and positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the diameter of the first puncture channel is 2.5 mm to 4 mm.

[0026] According to the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument provided by the present invention, the base main rod, the first square, the second square, the bevel, the positioning guide rod and the auxiliary guide rod are all provided with scales.

[0027] Furthermore, the telescopic I-ruler includes an I-ruler base, a first rocker arm, a second rocker arm, a positioning rod, a first transfer rod, and a second transfer rod. One end of the first rocker arm is connected to the I-ruler base via the first transfer rod, the other end of the first rocker arm is rotatably connected to one end of the second rocker arm, and the other end of the second rocker arm is connected to the positioning rod via the second transfer rod. The positioning rod is parallel to the I-ruler base.

[0028] An intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument consists of a frontal nail assembly, a base main rod, an occipital nail assembly, an oblique positioning assembly, a telescopic I-ruler and a telescopic T-ruler. The frontal nail assembly, the occipital nail assembly and the oblique positioning assembly are all arranged on the base main rod, and the telescopic I-ruler and the telescopic T-ruler can be connected to the base main rod.

[0029] Furthermore, the pillow pin assembly includes a pillow pin, a pillow pin rod and a third adjustment sleeve. The pillow pin is rotatably set at one end of the pillow pin rod, and the tip of the pillow pin faces the head pin; the third adjustment sleeve is set at the other end of the pillow pin rod, and the pillow pin is used to connect to the central part of the occipital bone.

[0030] Furthermore, the oblique main rod includes an oblique rod body, a third slide groove and a fourth slide groove, the third slide groove and the fourth slide groove are both provided on the oblique rod body, the third slide groove and the fourth slide groove both pass through the oblique rod body, and the third slide groove and the fourth slide groove are perpendicular to each other. The oblique rod body is a square cylinder.

[0031] Furthermore, the inclined main rod also includes a locking bolt and a positioning nut. The locking bolt is arranged at one end of the inclined rod body, and the positioning nut can be threadedly connected to the locking bolt. The locking bolt can pass through the second slide groove and tighten the positioning nut to connect the inclined main rod with the base main rod and prevent the angle between the inclined main rod and the base main rod from changing.

[0032] Furthermore, it also includes a supporting structure; the supporting structure includes a support rod, a first support bolt and a first support nut, the first support bolt is arranged on the support rod, the first support nut is arranged on the first support bolt, one end of the support rod is connected to the main rod of the base, the other end of the support rod is inserted into the third slide groove and connected to the inclined rod body, the first support bolt is inserted into the fourth slide groove, and the first support nut is tightened to fix the support rod and the inclined rod body.

[0033] Furthermore, the support structure also includes a second support bolt and a second support nut. The second support bolt is arranged on the support slide groove of the support rod, and the second support nut is arranged on the second support bolt. The second support bolt can pass through the second slide groove and be connected to the main rod body. Tighten the second support nut, the second support nut and the second support bolt can clamp the support rod and the base main rod, keep the support rod and the base main rod fixedly connected, further strengthen the connection between the oblique main rod and the base main rod, and prevent the angle between the oblique main rod and the base main rod from changing.

[0034] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0035] The present invention slides with a telescopic I-ruler and a telescopic T-ruler on the main rod of the base. The telescopic I-ruler has two parallel "I" ends. During use, one of the "I" ends of the telescopic I-ruler is adjusted along the main rod of the base, while the other "I" end coincides with the OM line, allowing the position of the main rod and the OM line to be adjusted, thereby meeting intraoperative requirements. The "I" end of the telescopic T-ruler is adjusted along the main rod of the base, and the "T" end of the telescopic T-ruler is clamped on the external auditory canal, thereby achieving the starting point of positioning - "0". That is, the intersection of the midline of the skull and the line connecting the two external auditory canals is used as the "0" point for positioning measurement, ensuring accurate measurement data. Because the skull surface is a curved structure and the scalp is a soft tissue structure, data is obtained from CT and other images and then returned to the skull surface for measurement, avoiding inaccurate positioning or even puncture errors caused by errors in the measurement of the skin, bones and skull curvature when measuring from any point; the present invention establishes a three-dimensional space in the midline area of ​​the skull through a guide positioning rod, an auxiliary guide rod, a right-angle triangular telescopic ruler and a base main rod, so that component installation and data measurement have a basis and a platform, providing support for "data reproduction" from image acquisition.

[0036] The present invention can achieve accurate measurement of the target and guidance through the coordinated use of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, the positioning guide rod, and the auxiliary guide rod; the positioning guide rod accurately locates the target under the guidance of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, and accurately reaches the target through puncture without calculating the exact position of the puncture entry point on the skull surface, which is consistent with the precise effect of high-end stereotactic equipment, and realizes the integration of precise target positioning and simple operation.

[0037] This invention uses positioning guide rods and auxiliary guide rods to adjust the position along the main base rod, allowing the cranial puncture point to be changed without affecting the accurate puncture target. The frame is installed in the midline area, and the simple structure minimizes obstruction during the puncture operation, greatly facilitating the operator's operation and improving operational convenience.

[0038] The positioning guide rod of the present invention is provided with a first puncture channel, which is convenient for forehead positioning puncture operations. A pillow support assembly and a forehead nail assembly are provided to cooperate with each other, that is, the pillow support is combined with a single nail to fix the patient's skull, and the fixation effect is good. Compared with other devices with three or four nails, it reduces invasive operations and provides comfortable medical treatment.

[0039] The present invention can accurately measure and guide the cerebellar target through the coordinated use of the frontal nail assembly, the base main rod, the occipital nail assembly, and the oblique positioning assembly. The oblique main rod, the oblique vertical rod, and the third puncture channel of the oblique positioning assembly can reconstruct the angle between the target line and the sagittal plane, without the need for CT intervention, and achieve precise puncture to the target, which is consistent with the precision effect of high-end stereotactic equipment, and realizes the integration of precise target positioning and simple operation.

[0040] The support structure of the present invention can fix the support rod and the oblique rod body; the second support nut and the second support bolt can clamp the support rod and the base main rod, keep the support rod and the base main rod fixedly connected, further strengthen the connection between the oblique main rod and the base main rod, and prevent the angle between the oblique main rod and the base main rod from changing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation of the positioning guide rod, auxiliary guide rod and base main rod of Example 1;

[0044] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the right-angled triangle telescopic ruler of Example 1;

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic I-ruler and telescopic T-ruler of Example 1;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the positioning guide rod of Example 1;

[0047] Figure 6 is a perspective view of Example 1;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2;

[0049] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the coordinate system under CT;

[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the base main rod of Example 2;

[0051] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positioning guide rod of Example 2;

[0052] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the auxiliary guide rod of Example 2;

[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the right-angled triangular telescopic ruler of Example 2;

[0054] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the telescopic I-ruler of Example 2;

[0055] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the telescopic T-shaped ruler of Example 2;

[0056] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second adjusting sleeve;

[0057] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the forehead nail assembly of Example 2;

[0058] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate system under the locator;

[0059] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the locator target positioning;

[0060] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 3;

[0061] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pillow nail assembly;

[0062] Figure 21 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the oblique positioning component;

[0063] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of the support structure.

[0064] Among them, 1. base; 2. base main rod; 3. positioning guide rod; 4. first tenon; 5. first puncture channel; 6. auxiliary guide rod; 7. second tenon; 8. first groove; 9. second puncture channel; 10. second groove; 11. pillow body; 12. second adjustment sleeve; 14. brow nail rod; 15. first adjustment sleeve; 16. head nail; 17. first square; 18. second square; 19. bevel; 20. fixing screw; 21. sliding sleeve; 22. positioning bolt; 23. bearing plate; 24. telescopic rod; 25. scale; 26. first locking nut; 27. connecting bolt; 2 8. Second locking nut; 29. ​​Pillow pin; 30. Pillow pin rod; 31. Main rod; 32. First slide; 33. Second slide; 34. Fixing column; 35. Stop block; 36. Fixing nut; 37. First stop nut; 38. Second stop nut; 39. Third adjusting sleeve; 41. I-square seat; 42. First rocker arm; 43. Second rocker arm; 44. Positioning rod; 45. First transfer rod; 46. Second transfer rod; 51. T-square seat; 52. Third rocker arm; 53. Fourth rocker arm; 54. Positioning pin; 55. Third transfer rod; 56. Fourth transfer rod; 60. Oblique main rod; 61 , oblique vertical rod; 62, fourth adjusting sleeve; 63, oblique positioning rod; 64, third puncture channel; 65, support rod; 66, first support bolt; 67, first support nut; 68, second support bolt; 69, second support nut; 121, adjustment block; 122, second mounting slot; 123, second adjusting bolt; 151, first cylinder body; 152, first mounting slot; 153, adjustment slider; 154, first adjusting bolt; 171, first right-angle section; 172, second right-angle section; 173, third right-angle section; 174, acute-angle hole; 181, fourth right-angle section; 182, fifth right-angle section Angle section; 183, sixth right-angle section; 184, connecting convex ring; 191, first oblique ruler section; 192, second oblique ruler section; 193, third oblique ruler section; 194, oblique ruler hole; 391, third cylinder body; 392, third mounting slot; 393, third adjusting bolt; 601, oblique rod body; 602, third slide slot; 603, fourth slide slot; 604, locking bolt; 605, positioning nut; 606, positioning block; 607, third limiting nut; 608, fourth limiting nut; 621, fourth cylinder body; 622, fourth mounting slot; 623, positioning slider; 624, fourth adjusting bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0067] Example 1:

[0068] Reference Figure 1-6 The present invention provides an intracranial puncture guide positioning device, comprising:

[0069] The base includes a base 1, a pillow support assembly, a brow nail assembly, and a base main rod 2; the pillow support assembly is mounted on the base 1; both ends of the base main rod 2 are mounted on the pillow support assembly and the brow nail assembly, respectively, and the angle between the base main rod 2 and the base 1 is adjustable; Figure 1 The middle dotted line represents the line connecting the two external auditory canals.

[0070] The positioning guide rod 3 is slidably fitted on the base main rod 2; a first tenon 4 is installed at the end of the positioning guide rod 3; a first puncture channel 5 is opened on the positioning guide rod 3; the first puncture channel 5 is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the positioning guide rod 3.

[0071] The auxiliary guide rod 6 is slidably fitted on the base main rod 2 ; a second tenon 7 is installed at the end of the auxiliary guide rod 6 .

[0072] A right-angled triangular telescopic ruler, wherein a first groove 8 adapted to the first tenon 4 is opened at one acute angle of the right-angled triangular telescopic ruler, a second puncture channel 9 is opened at another acute angle, and a second groove 10 adapted to the second tenon 7 is opened at the right angle.

[0073] Among them, a telescopic I-ruler and a telescopic T-ruler are slidably fitted on the main rod 2 of the base; the base 1 is a rectangular flat plate structure, which is used to improve the overall stability of the device.

[0074] With such arrangement, the present invention has a telescopic I-ruler and a telescopic T-ruler slidingly fitted on the base main rod 2. The telescopic I-ruler has two parallel "I" ends. When in use, one of the "I" ends of the telescopic I-ruler adjusts its position along the base main rod 2, and the other "I" end coincides with the OM line, thereby realizing position adjustment of the base main rod 2 and the OM line (the OM line is the line from the outer edge of the orbit to the ipsilateral external auditory canal, which is often used as the baseline for measurement in cranial surgery), thereby meeting intraoperative requirements; the "I" end of the telescopic T-ruler adjusts its position along the base main rod 2, and the "T" end of the telescopic T-ruler is stuck on the external auditory canal, thereby realizing the starting point of positioning; positioning measurement is performed with the intersection of the midline of the skull and the line connecting the two external auditory canals as the "0" point, thereby improving data accuracy. Because the skull surface is a curved structure and the scalp is a soft tissue structure, data is acquired from CT and other images and then measured on the skull surface, avoiding puncture errors caused by errors in the measurement of the skin, bones and skull curvature when measuring from any point; the present invention establishes a three-dimensional space to provide a basis and platform for component installation and data measurement, providing support for the "data reproduction" of image acquisition.

[0075] The present invention uses a right-angle triangular telescopic ruler in conjunction with a positioning guide rod and auxiliary guide rods to accurately measure and guide the target. The positioning guide rod 3 accurately locates the target under the guidance of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, ensuring precise puncture to the target without having to calculate the exact location of the puncture entry point on the skull surface. This achieves the same precision as high-end stereotactic equipment, achieving a fusion of precise target positioning and simplified operation. The guidance and positioning are accurate, the equipment is simple, and the results are excellent.

[0076] The present invention adjusts the position of the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6 along the base main rod 2, and changes the cranial puncture point without affecting the accurate puncture target. It has less obstruction to the puncture operation during the operation, greatly facilitates the operator's operation, and improves the convenience of operation.

[0077] The positioning guide rod of the present invention is provided with a first puncture channel 5, which is convenient for positioning puncture operation. The pillow support assembly and the forehead nail assembly are arranged to cooperate with each other to fix the patient's skull. The fixation effect is good, invasive operation is effectively reduced, and comfortable medical treatment is provided.

[0078] To further optimize the solution, the pillow support assembly includes a pillow support body 11, which is installed on the base 1 through a lifting pillow support rod, and the lifting pillow support rod is installed on one end of the base main rod 2 through a second adjustment sleeve 12; the pillow support body 11 is overall "spoon"-shaped, and the top surface of the pillow support body 11 is adapted to the shape of the occipital part of the human skull; the occipital part of the human skull is fixed and supported by the pillow support body 11, reducing the invasive operation of the head nail.

[0079] Further optimization scheme, the nail assembly includes:

[0080] A front nail rod 14 is mounted on one end of the base main rod 2 through a first adjustment sleeve 15;

[0081] The head nail 16 is detachably connected to the forehead nail rod 14, and the tip of the head nail 16 faces the base 1; the extension length of the forehead nail rod 14 is adjusted by the first adjusting sleeve 15, and then the position of the head nail 16 is adjusted, and the center part of the forehead is fixed by the head nail 16.

[0082] A further optimized solution is that the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler comprises a first right-angle ruler 17, a second right-angle ruler 18 and an oblique ruler 19; the first right-angle ruler 17, the second right-angle ruler 18 and the oblique ruler 19 are connected end to end in sequence;

[0083] The first square 17 and the second square 18 are fixedly connected and the included angle is 90 degrees; the second groove 10 is formed at the connection between the first square 17 and the second square 18;

[0084] The first square 17 and the second square 18 are hinged to the two ends of the bevel ruler 19 respectively;

[0085] A first groove 8 is formed at the connection between the first square 17 and the oblique ruler 19, and a second puncture channel 9 is formed at the connection between the second square 18 and the oblique ruler 19;

[0086] The first square 17 , the second square 18 , and the bevel 19 are all telescopic structures, and fixing screws 20 are installed on the first square 17 , the second square 18 , and the bevel 19 . The telescopic structure is limited by the fixing screws 20 , thereby realizing the length adjustment of the first square 17 , the second square 18 , and the bevel 19 .

[0087] To further optimize the solution, a sliding sleeve 21 is installed on the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6. The sliding sleeve 21 is slidably mounted on the base main rod 2. A positioning bolt 22 is installed on the sliding sleeve 21. The positioning bolt 22 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the base main rod 2; the horizontal and vertical positions of the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6 are adjusted and limited by the positioning bolt 22.

[0088] A further optimized solution is that the lifting pillow support rod includes a bearing plate 23 and a telescopic rod 24. The telescopic rod 24 is installed on the base 1, the bearing plate 23 is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic rod 24, the pillow support body 11 is fixedly installed on the bearing plate 23, and one end of the base main rod 2 is installed on the bearing plate 23 through the second adjusting sleeve 12.

[0089] According to a further optimized solution, the cross-sections of the first tenon 4 and the first groove 8 are both isosceles triangles, and the cross-sections of the second tenon 7 and the second groove 10 are both circular;

[0090] The vertex angle of the isosceles triangle of the first tenon 4 is parallel to the first puncture channel 5, and the direction of the line connecting the center point of the base of the isosceles triangle to the vertex angle is always consistent with the length direction of the first puncture channel 5; the vertex angle of the isosceles triangle of the first groove 8 points to the inclined ruler 19, and the operation of locking the puncture of the first puncture channel 5 can be realized in conjunction with the right-angled triangular telescopic ruler, which facilitates puncture positioning.

[0091] According to a further optimized solution, the diameter of the first puncture channel 5 is 2.5 mm to 4 mm.

[0092] To further optimize the solution, scales 25 are provided on the base main rod 2, the first square 17, the second square 18, the bevel 19, the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6 to improve the accuracy of operation.

[0093] Steps:

[0094] Through image reconstruction and measurement after a CT scan of the skull, the value X between the center of the target and the line connecting the bilateral external auditory canals is obtained in the horizontal plane (i.e., the distance between the installation guide positioning auxiliary rod and "0"); the value Y between the center of the target and the midline of the skull is obtained in the coronal plane (i.e., the distance between the first puncture channel 5 installed with the positioning guide rod and the center of the base main rod); and the value Z between the center of the target (parallel to the orbitoauricular line) and the top of the skull is obtained in the sagittal plane (i.e., the distance of the second square 18 when the triangle ruler is installed = the distance between the second groove and the second puncture channel).

[0095] The patient lies supine. 1. Use a marker to mark the midline of the head (the sagittal line from the brow to the external occipital protuberance); 2. Mark the OM line (the line connecting the lateral edge of the orbit and the ipsilateral external auditory canal); 3. Mark the coronal suture (the suture connecting the frontal bone and the parietal bone, which can be felt on the body surface). Draw the three lines and set them aside. Place the patient's head on the pillow support body 11;

[0096] The base main rod 2 is placed along the drawn midline across the top of the head. The head pin 16 is tightened and secured to the forehead skull (local anesthesia is applied to the forehead pin site in advance). Now, place one end of a telescopic I-beam ruler into the longitudinal groove of the base main rod 2 and observe whether the other end overlaps the OM line. If so, adjust the second adjustment sleeve 12 and the first adjustment sleeve 15 to parallel the base main rod 2. At this point, the base is installed and secured.

[0097] Next, place the "-" end of the telescopic T-shaped ruler in the longitudinal groove of the main rod and adjust its position along the base main rod 2 so that the other end is stuck in the external auditory canal. At this point, the T-shaped intersection of the telescopic T-shaped ruler and the main rod is the "0" point. Mark it on the base main rod 2.

[0098] The positioning guide rod 3 is initially placed on the main rod of the base, at an arbitrary position between the coronal suture line and the forehead nail (based on the concept of the first safety zone in neurosurgery). The three data of the three-dimensional direction collected by the cranial CT are "reproduced" in sequence on the guide locator. According to the data X, the placement position of the auxiliary guide rod 6 is marked on the main rod of the base 2 and fixed (on the bull's eye side); according to the data Y, the distance between the first puncture channel 5 and the main rod of the base 2 is marked on the positioning guide rod 3, and the positioning guide rod 3 is installed and fixed on the main rod of the base 2 (on the bull's eye side). According to the data Z, the length of the second square 18 is adjusted and fixed, and the first square 17 and the bevel 19 are kept loose and retractable.

[0099] At this time, the handheld right-angle triangular telescopic ruler is hung on the top of the lesion on the same side (left and right at the same time) of the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6. That is, the first tenon 4 corresponds to the first groove 8, and the second tenon 7 corresponds to the second groove 10.

[0100] At this point, the first puncture channel 5 of the positioning guide rod 3 is parallel to the bevel 19, and the bolt 22 is tightened. The target is punctured along the first puncture channel 5 to reach the center of the target, and the operation is completed.

[0101] In addition, the second puncture channel 9 at this time can also be used as a temporal puncture channel for accurate puncture.

[0102] Example 2:

[0103] Another specific embodiment of the present invention improves the telescopic I-ruler and telescopic T-ruler of Example 1 to prevent the telescopic I-ruler and telescopic T-ruler from axial deflection.

[0104] Preferably, Figure 7 As shown, the base includes a base 1, a pillow support assembly, a forehead nail assembly and a base main rod 2; the pillow support assembly is installed on the base 1; the pillow support assembly and the forehead nail assembly are respectively provided at both ends of the base main rod 2, and the angle between the base main rod 2 and the base 1 is adjustable.

[0105] like Figure 8As shown in the figure, before performing an intracranial puncture, the lesion, or bull's-eye, must first be located by CT scan. In medicine, the coordinates of the bull's-eye are typically established based on three positioning planes. These planes include the sagittal plane 101, the OM plane 102, and the coronal plane 103. The sagittal plane 101 is the plane along the midline of the skull; the OM plane 102 is the plane from the outer edge of the orbit to the external auditory canal; and the coronal plane 103 is perpendicular to both the sagittal and OM planes. The midline of the two external auditory canals lies on the coronal plane 103. The distance from the bull's-eye to the sagittal plane 101 is Y, the distance to the OM plane 102 is Z, and the distance to the coronal plane 103 is X. During cranial surgery, baselines are drawn on the top of the head and face. The midline of the skull is defined by a line drawn along the top of the head from the center of the eyebrows to the external occipital protuberance. The midline of the skull lies on the sagittal plane 101. The OM line is the line connecting the outer edge of the orbit to the ipsilateral external auditory canal and lies on the OM plane.

[0106] Preferably, Figure 9 As shown, the base main rod 2 includes a main rod body 31, a first slide groove 32 and a second slide groove 33. The first slide groove 32 and the second slide groove 33 are both provided on the main rod body 31. The first slide groove 32 and the second slide groove 33 both pass through the main rod body 31, and the first slide groove 32 and the second slide groove 33 are perpendicular to each other. The main rod body 31 is a square cylinder.

[0107] Preferably, Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the positioning guide rod 3 is a round rod, which can pass through the first slide groove 32 and slide on the first slide groove 32; a first tenon 4 is provided at the end of the positioning guide rod 3, and a first puncture channel 5 is opened on the positioning guide rod 3; the center line of the first puncture channel 5 is perpendicular to the length direction of the positioning guide rod 3, and the center line of the first puncture channel 5 is the first puncture line.

[0108] Preferably, the cross section of the first tenon 4 is an acute-angled isosceles triangle; the first puncture line is parallel to the midline of the top angle of the first tenon 4 and points in the same direction.

[0109] Preferably, the positioning guide rod 3 is further provided with a sliding sleeve 21, a positioning bolt 22, and a first locking nut 26. The sliding sleeve 21 is sleeved on the positioning guide rod 3, the positioning bolt 22 is arranged on the sliding sleeve 21, and the first locking nut 26 is threadedly connected to the positioning bolt 22. The sliding sleeve 21 and the positioning bolt 22 can both be connected to the second slide groove 33. By rotating the first locking nut 26, the first locking nut 26 can be connected to the outer wall of the main rod body 31, and the sliding sleeve 21 is pulled out of the second slide groove 33, thereby connecting the positioning guide rod 3 with the first slide groove 32, preventing the positioning guide rod 3 from sliding along the first slide groove 32, and fixing the position of the first puncture channel 5 and the base main rod 2.

[0110] Preferably, Figure 9 and Figure 11As shown, the auxiliary guide rod 6 is a round rod that can pass through the first sliding groove 32 and slide on the first sliding groove 32; a second tenon 7 is installed at the end of the auxiliary guide rod 6.

[0111] Preferably, the auxiliary guide rod 6 is further provided with a sliding sleeve 21, a positioning bolt 22, and a first locking nut 26. The sliding sleeve 21 is sleeved on the auxiliary guide rod 6, the positioning bolt 22 is provided on the sliding sleeve 21, and the first locking nut 26 is threadedly connected to the positioning bolt 22. The sliding sleeve 21 and the positioning bolt 22 can both be connected to the second sliding groove 33. By rotating the first locking nut 26, the first locking nut 26 can be connected to the outer wall of the main rod body 31, and the sliding sleeve 21 is pulled out of the second sliding groove 33, thereby connecting the auxiliary guide rod 6 to the first sliding groove 32, preventing the auxiliary guide rod 6 from sliding along the first sliding groove 32, and fixing the position of the auxiliary guide rod 6 to the base main rod 2.

[0112] like Figure 7 and Figure 12 As shown, the right-angle triangle telescopic ruler includes a first right-angle ruler 17, a second right-angle ruler 18 and an oblique ruler 19, and the first right-angle ruler 17, the second right-angle ruler 18 and the oblique ruler 19 are connected end to end in sequence.

[0113] Preferably, the first square 17 includes a first right-angle segment 171, a second right-angle segment 172, and a third right-angle segment 173. The first and second right-angle segments 171, 172 are connected by the third right-angle segment 173, and the ends of the third right-angle segment 173 are respectively inserted into the first and second right-angle segments 171, 172. The first and second right-angle segments 171, 172 can slide along the third right-angle segment 173, thereby adjusting the spacing between the first and second right-angle segments 171, 172, and thus the overall length of the first square 17. The first square 17 also includes an acute-angle hole 174 provided in the second right-angle segment 172, which can be connected to the first tenon 4. The second groove 10 is provided in the first right-angle segment 171, which can be connected to the second tenon 7.

[0114] Preferably, the second square ruler 18 includes a fourth right-angle segment 181, a fifth right-angle segment 182, and a sixth right-angle segment 183. The fourth right-angle segment 181 and the fifth right-angle segment 182 are connected by the sixth right-angle segment 183, and the ends of the sixth right-angle segment 183 are respectively inserted into the fourth right-angle segment 181 and the fifth right-angle segment 182. The fourth right-angle segment 181 and the fifth right-angle segment 182 can slide on and along the sixth right-angle segment 183, thereby adjusting the spacing between the fourth right-angle segment 181 and the fifth right-angle segment 182, thereby adjusting the total length of the second square ruler 18. The first right-angle segment 171 and the fourth right-angle segment 181 are fixedly connected, and the angle between the first right-angle segment 171 and the fourth right-angle segment 181 is 90°.

[0115] Preferably, the bevel 19 includes a first bevel section 191, a second bevel section 192, and a third bevel section 193. The first bevel section 191 and the second bevel section 192 are connected by the third bevel section 193, and the ends of the third bevel section 193 are respectively inserted into the first bevel section 191 and the second bevel section 192. The first bevel section 191 and the second bevel section 192 can slide along the third bevel section 193, thereby adjusting the spacing between the first bevel section 191 and the second bevel section 192, thereby adjusting the total length of the bevel 19. The first bevel section 191 is provided with a first groove 8, which can be connected to the first tenon 4, so that the bevel 19 can drive the positioning guide rod 3 to rotate about its own central axis, thereby changing the angle between the first puncture channel 5 and the base main rod 2, thereby changing the puncture direction.

[0116] Preferably, the longitudinal center line of the inclined ruler 19 is coplanar and parallel to the first puncture line.

[0117] Preferably, the second puncture channel 9 is disposed on the fifth right-angled section 182. The second square 18 further includes a connecting protrusion 184 disposed on the second puncture channel 9. The oblique ruler 19 further includes an oblique ruler hole 194 disposed on the second oblique ruler section 192. The oblique ruler hole 194 can be connected to the connecting protrusion 184, and the oblique ruler 19 can rotate around the connecting protrusion 184. This changes the angle between the oblique ruler 19 and the main base rod 2. The centerline of the second puncture channel 9 becomes the second puncture line, which is perpendicular and coplanar with the first puncture line and perpendicular to the sagittal plane 101.

[0118] Preferably, multiple fixing screws 20 are respectively arranged on the first right-angle segment 171, the second right-angle segment 172, the fourth right-angle segment 181, the fifth right-angle segment 182, the first bevel segment 191 and the second bevel segment 192. By rotating the fixing screws 20 on the above segments, the first right-angle segment 171 can be connected to the third right-angle segment 173, the second right-angle segment 172 can be connected to the third right-angle segment 173, the fourth right-angle segment 181 can be connected to the sixth right-angle segment 183, the fifth right-angle segment 182 can be connected to the sixth right-angle segment 183, the first bevel segment 191 can be connected to the third bevel segment 193, and the second bevel segment 192 can be connected to the third bevel segment 193, thereby fixing the total length of the first right-angle ruler 17, the second right-angle ruler 18 and the bevel ruler 19, and fixing the angle between the first puncture channel 5 and the base main rod 2.

[0119] Among them, Figure 7 As shown, the telescopic I-shaped ruler and the telescopic T-shaped ruler can be connected to the base main rod 2.

[0120] Preferably, Figure 13As shown, the telescopic I-ruler includes an I-ruler base 41, a first rocker arm 42, a second rocker arm 43, a positioning rod 44, a first transfer rod 45, and a second transfer rod 46. One end of the first rocker arm 42 is connected to the I-ruler base 41 via the first transfer rod 45, the other end of the first rocker arm 42 is rotatably connected to one end of the second rocker arm 43, and the other end of the second rocker arm 43 is connected to the positioning rod 44 via the second transfer rod 46. The positioning rod 44 is parallel to the I-ruler base 41.

[0121] Preferably, the first rocker arm 42 and the second rocker arm 43 are both hollow rocker arms. The first transfer rod 45 can be inserted into the first rocker arm 42 to adjust the distance between the first rocker arm 42 and the I-beam seat 41. The second transfer rod 46 can be inserted into the second rocker arm 43 to adjust the distance between the second rocker arm 43 and the positioning rod 44. Positioning slots are provided on the first transfer rod 45 and the second transfer rod 46. The hollow portions of the first rocker arm 42 and the second rocker arm 43 are provided with protrusions. The protrusions of the first rocker arm 42 can be connected to the positioning slots of the first transfer rod 45 to prevent the first rocker arm 42 from rotating around the first transfer rod 45, causing the second rocker arm 43 to rotate around the first transfer rod 45. The protrusions of the second rocker arm 43 can be connected to the positioning slots of the second transfer rod 46 to prevent the positioning rod 44 from rotating around the second transfer rod 46, causing the positioning rod 44 to be non-parallel to the I-beam seat 41.

[0122] Preferably, Figure 14 As shown, the telescopic T-ruler includes a T-ruler base 51, a third rocker arm 52, a fourth rocker arm 53, a positioning pin 54, a third transfer rod 55, and a fourth transfer rod 56. One end of the third rocker arm 52 is connected to the T-ruler base 51 via the third transfer rod 55. The other end of the third rocker arm 52 is rotatably connected to one end of the fourth rocker arm 53. The other end of the fourth rocker arm 53 is connected to the positioning pin 54 via the fourth transfer rod 56. The positioning pin 54 is perpendicular to the T-ruler base 51.

[0123] Preferably, the third rocker arm 52 and the fourth rocker arm 53 are both hollow rocker arms. The third transfer rod 55 can be inserted into the third rocker arm 52 to adjust the distance between the third rocker arm 52 and the T-square seat 51. The fourth transfer rod 56 can be inserted into the fourth rocker arm 53 to adjust the distance between the fourth rocker arm 53 and the positioning pin 54. Positioning slots are provided on the third transfer rod 55 and the fourth transfer rod 56. A protrusion is provided on the hollow portion of the third rocker arm 52 and the fourth rocker arm 53. The protrusion of the third rocker arm 52 can connect with the positioning slot of the third transfer rod 55 to prevent the third rocker arm 52 from rotating around the third transfer rod 55, causing the fourth rocker arm 53 to rotate around the third transfer rod 55. The protrusion of the fourth rocker arm 53 can connect with the positioning slot of the fourth transfer rod 56 to prevent the positioning pin 54 from rotating around the fourth transfer rod 56, causing the positioning pin 54 to be non-parallel to the T-square seat 51.

[0124] Preferably, the I-rule seat 41 and the T-rule seat 51 can both be connected to the first sliding groove 32 , and the second rocker arm 43 and the fourth rocker arm 53 can both rotate perpendicular to the length direction of the base main rod 2 .

[0125] Preferably, Figure 9 and Figure 15 As shown, the second adjusting sleeve 12 includes an adjusting block 121 and a second mounting groove 122 . The second mounting groove 122 is provided on the adjusting block 121 , and the second mounting groove 122 can be connected to the base main rod 2 .

[0126] The adjustment block 121 is hingedly connected to the lug of the bearing plate 23 via a connecting bolt 27. The adjustment block 121 can rotate around the connecting bolt 27. A second locking nut 28 is provided on the connecting bolt 27. Rotating the second locking nut 28 can connect the adjustment block 121 to the lug and prevent the second adjustment sleeve 12 from rotating around the connecting bolt 27. The rotation of the adjustment block 121 around the connecting bolt 27 can change the angle between the base main rod 2 and the base 1.

[0127] Preferably, the base main rod 2 also includes a fixing column 34 and a limit block 35. The fixing column 34 is connected to the main rod body 31 through the limit block 35. The fixing column 34 can be inserted into the second mounting groove 122 and connected to the second mounting groove 122. The width of the limit block 35 is greater than the width of the second mounting groove 122. The limit block 35 is used to prevent the main rod body 31 from being inserted into the second mounting groove 122, and the base main rod 2 slides on the adjustment block 121 without changing the angle between the base main rod 2 and the base 1.

[0128] Preferably, the second adjustment sleeve 12 further includes a second adjustment bolt 123, which is threadedly connected to the adjustment block 121. One end of the second adjustment bolt 123 is rotatably connected to the fixing post 34, and the other end of the second adjustment bolt 123 is a nut. Rotating the nut can screw the second adjustment bolt 123 into and out of the second mounting slot 122, thereby driving the fixing post 34 to slide in the second mounting slot 122, thereby adjusting the distance between the base main rod 2 and the pillow support body 11.

[0129] Preferably, the fixing column 34 is provided with a thread, and the base main rod 2 also includes a fixing nut 36, which can be threadedly connected to the fixing column 34. By rotating the fixing nut 36, the fixing nut 36 can be connected to the outer wall of the adjustment block 121, thereby connecting the limit block 35 to the outer wall of the adjustment block 121, preventing the base main rod 2 from sliding on the adjustment block 121, and fixing the distance between the base main rod 2 and the pillow support body 11.

[0130] Preferably, Figure 9 and Figure 16As shown, the head pin 16 is rotatably mounted on one end of the brow pin rod 14, and the first adjustment sleeve 15 is mounted on the other end of the brow pin rod 14. The first adjustment sleeve 15 includes a first barrel body 151 and a first mounting groove 152. The first mounting groove 152 is disposed on the first barrel body 151. The main rod body 31 can be inserted into the first mounting groove 152, thereby allowing the brow pin rod 14 to slide along the base main rod 2 to adjust the distance between the brow pin rod 14 and the base 1.

[0131] Preferably, the first adjustment sleeve 15 further includes an adjustment slider 153 and a first adjustment bolt 154. The adjustment slider 153 is disposed in the first mounting slot 152. The first adjustment bolt 154 is threadedly connected to the first barrel body 151. One end of the first adjustment bolt 154 is rotatably connected to the adjustment slider 153, and the other end of the first adjustment bolt 154 is a nut. The adjustment slider 153 is connectable to the first slide slot 32. Rotating the nut of the first adjustment bolt 154 causes the adjustment slider 153 to slide in the first mounting slot 152, thereby driving the brow nail rod 14 toward or away from the base main rod 2, thereby adjusting the distance between the base main rod 2 and the head nail 16.

[0132] Preferably, the base main rod 2 also includes a first limiting nut 37 and a second limiting nut 38, and the first limiting nut 37 and the second limiting nut 38 are both threadedly connected to the main rod body 31. The first limiting nut 37 is used to limit the first tube body 151 from sliding along the base main rod 2 toward the base 1, and the second limiting nut 38 is used to limit the first tube body 151 from sliding along the base main rod 2 away from the base 1. Rotating the first limiting nut 37 and the second limiting nut 38 so that the first limiting nut 37 and the second limiting nut 38 are respectively connected to the two side walls of the first tube body 151 can prevent the brow nail rod 14 from approaching or moving away from the base main rod 2, and fix the distance between the head nail 16 and the base 1.

[0133] Preferably, Figure 17As shown, when in use, with the patient supine, first, mark the midline of the skull with a marker; second, mark the OM line; and third, mark the coronal suture. These three lines are drawn and ready for use. Place the patient's occipital bone on the pillow support body 11, with the base main rod 2 spanning the top of the head along the drawn midline. Tighten the head pin 16 into the forehead (local anesthesia should be applied in advance at the forehead pin site). Connect the I-square base 41 to the first slot 32, then position the positioning rod 44 against the OM line of the face. Rotate the adjustment block 121 to adjust the angle between the base main rod 2 and the positioning rod 44. When the positioning rod 44 aligns with the OM line, the base main rod 2 is parallel to the OM plane 102. Tighten the second locking nut 28 to lock the position of the base main rod 2. Connect the T-square base 51 to the first slot 32 and slide the T-square base 51 so that the positioning pin 54 is aligned with the external auditory canal. The positioning pin 54 and the third rocker arm 52 are both on the coronal plane 103. Mark the zero position at the intersection of the coronal plane 103 and the base main rod 2 to lock the zero position on the base main rod 2. The distance from the tip of the positioning pin 54 to the midline of the first slot 32 is denoted as a. That is, the distance from the midline of the base main rod 2 to the OM plane 102 is a.

[0134] Disconnect the telescopic I-ruler and telescopic T-ruler from the base main rod 2. Connect the positioning guide rod 3 and the auxiliary guide rod 6 to the first slide 32. The positioning guide rod 3 is located at a random position between the coronal suture line and the forehead nail (based on the concept of the first safety zone in neurosurgery). According to data X, slide the auxiliary guide rod 6 onto the base main rod 2 and install it (on the bull's eye side); according to data Y, mark the distance between the first puncture channel 5 and the midline of the second slide 33 on the positioning guide rod 3, install the positioning guide rod 3 and fix it on the base main rod 2 (on the bull's eye side).

[0135] Preferably, Figure 18 As shown, the first groove 8 is connected to the first tenon 4, the second groove 10 is connected to the second tenon 7, the oblique ruler hole 194 is connected to the connecting protruding ring 184, the first groove 8 is connected to the first tenon 4, and the distance from the center point of the second puncture channel 9 to the midpoint of the second groove 10 is set according to the data aZ. At this time, the first puncture channel 5 points to the target point.

[0136] In this embodiment, the base main rod 2 is made parallel to the OM plane 102 by telescoping the I-ruler, and the zero point is calibrated on the base main rod 2 by telescoping the T-ruler, so that a coordinate system for the target point can be reconstructed outside the patient's body and associated with the CT coordinate system through the zero point. By using the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler in conjunction with the positioning guide rod and the auxiliary guide rod, it is possible to accurately measure the target point and provide guidance for puncture without setting up a CT machine in the operating room; the positioning guide rod 3 accurately locates the target point under the guidance of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, and without having to calculate the exact position of the puncture entry point on the skull surface, the puncture can accurately reach the target point, which is consistent with the precision effect of high-end stereotactic equipment, realizing the integration of precise target positioning and simplified operation. The guidance and positioning are accurate, the equipment is simple, and the effect is good.

[0137] Example 3:

[0138] Another embodiment of the intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument is as follows: Figure 19 As shown, based on Example 2, the base has been modified to eliminate the base 1 and pillow support assembly, as well as the positioning guide rod 3, auxiliary guide rod 6, and right-angle triangular telescopic ruler. Instead, a pillow nail assembly and an oblique positioning assembly have been added. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument of this embodiment is used for puncture of target cerebellar lesions under the guidance of the oblique positioning assembly.

[0139] The locators of Examples 1 and 2 can only be used for puncturing the target point in the cerebral hemisphere. Unlike the cases of Examples 1 and 2, if the target point is in the cerebellum, a special puncture guide locator for puncturing the target point in the cerebellar hemisphere needs to be designed.

[0140] Before the operation, a coordinate system was established by CT. The intersection of the sagittal plane 101 and the coronal plane 103 was the zero line. The projection point of the target point parallel to the OM plane 102 on the zero line was the projection zero point. The line connecting the target point and the projection zero point was the third puncture line. The angle between the third puncture line and the sagittal plane 101 was α.

[0141] The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument of this embodiment includes a frontal nail assembly, a base main rod 2, an occipital nail assembly and an oblique positioning assembly, and the frontal nail assembly, the occipital nail assembly and the oblique positioning assembly are all arranged on the base main rod 2.

[0142] Preferably, Figure 20As shown, the pillow pin assembly includes a pillow pin 29, a pillow pin rod 30, and a third adjustment sleeve 39. The pillow pin 29 is rotatably arranged at one end of the pillow pin rod 30, and the tip of the pillow pin 29 faces the head pin 16. The third adjustment sleeve 39 is arranged at the other end of the pillow pin rod 30. The pillow pin 29 is used to connect to the central part of the occipital bone. The third adjustment sleeve 39 includes a third cylinder body 391 and a third mounting groove 392. The third mounting groove 392 is arranged on the third cylinder body 391. The fixing column 34 can be inserted into the third mounting groove 392 and connected to the third mounting groove 392. The width of the limit block 35 is greater than the width of the third mounting groove 392. The limit block 35 is used to prevent the main rod body 31 from being inserted into the third mounting groove 392, so that the third cylinder body 391 slides on the base main rod 2.

[0143] Preferably, the third adjustment sleeve 39 further includes a third adjustment bolt 393, which is threadedly connected to the third barrel body 391. One end of the third adjustment bolt 393 is rotatably connected to the fixing post 34, and the other end of the third adjustment bolt 393 is a nut. The third adjustment bolt 393 is rotated to connect with the outer wall of the barrel body 391, thereby connecting the limit block 35 to the outer wall of the third barrel body 391, preventing the base main rod 2 from sliding on the third barrel body 391 and fixing the distance between the base main rod 2 and the pillow pin 29.

[0144] Preferably, Figure 19 and Figure 21 As shown, the oblique positioning assembly includes an oblique main rod 60, an oblique vertical rod 61, a fourth adjustment sleeve 62, an oblique positioning rod 63, and a third puncture channel 64. The oblique vertical rod 61 is disposed on the oblique main rod 60, the fourth adjustment sleeve 62 is disposed on the oblique vertical rod 61, and the third puncture channel 64 is disposed at one end of the oblique positioning rod 63. The other end of the oblique positioning rod 63 is connected to the fourth adjustment sleeve 62. The third puncture channel 64 is used to determine the puncture direction for cerebellar puncture.

[0145] Preferably, the oblique main rod 60 includes an oblique rod body 601, a third slide groove 602, and a fourth slide groove 603. The third slide groove 602 and the fourth slide groove 603 are both provided on the oblique rod body 601. The third slide groove 602 and the fourth slide groove 603 both pass through the oblique rod body 601, and the third slide groove 602 and the fourth slide groove 603 are perpendicular to each other. The oblique rod body 601 is a square cylinder.

[0146] Preferably, the structure of the fourth adjustment sleeve 62 is identical to that of the first adjustment sleeve 15. The fourth adjustment sleeve 62 includes a fourth sleeve body 621, a fourth mounting slot 622, a positioning slider 623, and a fourth adjustment bolt 624. The fourth adjustment sleeve 62 is used to adjust the distance between the third puncture channel 64 and the oblique main rod 60. The fourth mounting slot 622 is provided on the fourth sleeve body 621, and the oblique rod 601 can be inserted into the fourth mounting slot 622 to adjust the distance between the third puncture channel 64 and the oblique main rod 60.

[0147] The positioning slider 623 is mounted on the fourth mounting slot 622. A fourth adjustment bolt 624 is threadedly connected to the fourth barrel body 621. One end of the fourth adjustment bolt 624 is rotatably connected to the positioning slider 623, and the other end of the fourth adjustment bolt 624 is a nut. The positioning slider 623 can be connected to the third slide slot 602. Rotating the nut of the fourth adjustment bolt 624 causes the positioning slider 623 to slide within the fourth mounting slot 622. This drives the oblique positioning rod 63 toward or away from the oblique main rod 60, adjusting the distance between the oblique main rod 60 and the third puncture channel 64.

[0148] Preferably, the oblique main rod 60 further includes a locking bolt 604 and a positioning nut 605. The locking bolt 604 is disposed at one end of the oblique rod body 601, and the positioning nut 605 can be threadedly connected to the locking bolt 604. The locking bolt 604 can pass through the second slide groove 33. Tightening the positioning nut 605 can connect the oblique main rod 60 to the base main rod 2 and prevent the angle between the oblique main rod 60 and the base main rod 2 from changing. This angle is α.

[0149] Preferably, the inclined main rod 60 also includes a positioning block 606, which is arranged on the locking bolt 604. The positioning block 606 can be connected to the first slide groove 32, and the positioning nut 605 is tightened. The positioning block 606 and the positioning nut 605 can clamp the inclined main rod 60 and the base main rod 2, further preventing the angle between the inclined main rod 60 and the base main rod 2 from changing.

[0150] Preferably, the inclined main rod 60 also includes a third limiting nut 607 and a fourth limiting nut 608, and the third limiting nut 607 and the fourth limiting nut 608 are both threadedly connected to the inclined rod body 601. The third limiting nut 607 is used to limit the fourth tube body 621 from sliding along the inclined rod body 601 toward the base 1, and the fourth limiting nut 608 is used to limit the fourth tube body 621 from sliding along the base main rod 2 away from the base 1. Rotate the third limiting nut 607 and the fourth limiting nut 608 so that the third limiting nut 607 and the fourth limiting nut 608 are respectively connected to the two side walls of the fourth tube body 621, which can prevent the inclined positioning rod 63 from approaching or moving away from the locking bolt 604, and fix the distance between the third puncture channel 64 and the locking bolt 604.

[0151] The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument of this embodiment further includes a telescopic I-ruler and a telescopic T-ruler.

[0152] When in use, the patient lies on his side, first, mark the midline of the skull with a marker; second, mark the OM line; the main rod 2 of the base crosses the top of the head along the drawn midline, and the pillow pin 29 is tightened and fixed on the midline occipital bone. Connect the I-square seat 41 with the first slide groove 32, and then place the positioning rod 44 close to the OM line of the face. When the positioning rod 44 is in the same direction as the OM line, the base main rod 2 is parallel to the OM surface 102. Tighten the head pin 16 to fix it on the forehead skull to lock the position of the base main rod 2; connect the T-square seat 51 with the first slide groove 32, and slide the T-square seat 51 so that the positioning pin 54 is aligned with the external auditory canal. The positioning pin 54 and the third rocker arm 52 are both on the coronal plane 103. Make a zero mark at the intersection of the coronal plane 103 and the base main rod 2 to lock the zero position on the base main rod 2; the distance from the tip of the positioning pin 54 to the midline of the first slide groove 32 is recorded as a, that is, the distance from the midline of the base main rod 2 to the OM surface 102 is a.

[0153] Detach the telescopic I-ruler and telescopic T-ruler from the base main rod 2. Place the locking bolt 604 at the zero mark. Rotate the oblique main rod 60 to form an angle α with the base main rod 2. Tighten the positioning nut 605 to maintain the angle between the oblique main rod 60 and the base main rod 2. Set the distance between the oblique positioning rod 63 and the oblique main rod 60 based on the data aZ. At this point, the centerline of the third puncture channel 64 coincides with the third puncture line.

[0154] Preferably, in order to strengthen the connection between the oblique main rod 60 and the base main rod 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 19 and Figure 22 As shown, the oblique positioning assembly also includes a support structure. The support structure includes a support rod 65, a first support bolt 66, and a first support nut 67. The first support bolt 66 is set on the support rod 65, and the first support nut 67 is set on the first support bolt 66. One end of the support rod 65 is connected to the base main rod 2, and the other end of the support rod 65 is inserted into the third sliding groove 602 and connected to the oblique rod body 601. The first support bolt 66 is inserted into the fourth sliding groove 603. Tightening the first support nut 67 can fix the support rod 65 to the oblique rod body 601.

[0155] Preferably, the support structure also includes a second support bolt 68 and a second support nut 69. The second support bolt 68 is arranged on the support slot of the support rod 65, and the second support nut 69 is arranged on the second support bolt 68. The second support bolt 68 can pass through the second slot 33 and be connected to the main rod body 31. By tightening the second support nut 69, the second support nut 69 and the second support bolt 68 can clamp the support rod 65 and the base main rod 2, keeping the support rod 65 fixedly connected to the base main rod 2, further strengthening the connection between the oblique main rod 60 and the base main rod 2, and preventing the angle between the oblique main rod 60 and the base main rod 2 from changing.

[0156] Compared with Example 2, this embodiment can achieve the function of accurately measuring the cerebellum target and guiding it through the coordinated use of the frontal nail assembly, the base main rod 2, the occipital nail assembly and the oblique positioning assembly; the oblique main rod 60, the oblique vertical rod 61 and the third puncture channel 64 of the oblique positioning assembly can reconstruct the angle between the target line and the sagittal plane 101, without the need for CT intervention, to achieve accurate puncture to the target, consistent with the precise effect of high-end stereotactic equipment, and realize the integration of precise positioning of the target and simple operation; the guiding positioning is accurate, the equipment is simple and the effect is good; the supporting structure includes a support rod 65, a first support bolt 66 and a first support nut 67, and the first support bolt 66 is set On the support rod 65, the first support nut 67 is arranged on the first support bolt 66, one end of the support rod 65 is connected to the base main rod 2, and the other end of the support rod 65 is inserted into the third slide groove 602 and connected to the inclined rod body 601. The first support bolt 66 is inserted into the fourth slide groove 603. Tightening the first support nut 67 can fix the support rod 65 and the inclined rod body 601; the second support nut 69 and the second support bolt 68 can clamp the support rod 65 and the base main rod 2, keep the support rod 65 fixedly connected to the base main rod 2, further strengthen the connection between the inclined main rod 60 and the base main rod 2, and prevent the angle between the inclined main rod 60 and the base main rod 2 from changing.

Claims

1. An intracranial puncture guide positioning device, characterized in that: include: A base, comprising a base (1), a pillow support assembly, a brow nail assembly and a base main rod (2); the pillow support assembly is mounted on the base (1); both ends of the base main rod (2) are mounted on the pillow support assembly and the brow nail assembly respectively, and the angle between the base main rod (2) and the base (1) is adjustable; A positioning guide rod (3) is slidably fitted on the base main rod (2); a first tenon (4) is installed at the end of the positioning guide rod (3); and a first puncture channel (5) is opened on the positioning guide rod (3); An auxiliary guide rod (6) is slidably fitted on the base main rod (2); a second tenon (7) is installed at the end of the auxiliary guide rod (6); A right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, wherein a first groove (8) adapted to the first tenon (4) is provided at one acute angle of the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler, a second puncture hole (9) is provided at another acute angle, and a second groove (10) adapted to the second tenon (7) is provided at the right angle; the right-angle triangular telescopic ruler comprises a first square (17), a second square (18) and an oblique ruler (19); the first square (17), the second square (18) and the oblique ruler (19) are connected end to end in sequence; the first square (17) and the second square (18) are fixedly connected and the angle between them is 90°; the The second groove (10) is provided at the connection between the first square (17) and the second square (18); the first square (17) and the second square (18) are hinged to the two ends of the oblique ruler (19) respectively; the first groove (8) is provided at the connection between the first square (17) and the oblique ruler (19), and the second puncture channel (9) is provided at the connection between the second square (18) and the oblique ruler (19); the cross-sections of the first tenon (4) and the first groove (8) are both isosceles triangles, and the cross-sections of the second tenon (7) and the second groove (10) are both circular; The first square (17), the second square (18), and the bevel (19) are all telescopic structures, and fixing screws (20) are installed on the first square (17), the second square (18), and the bevel (19); The positioning guide rod (3) and the auxiliary guide rod (6) are both provided with a sliding sleeve (21), the sliding sleeve (21) is slidably mounted on the base main rod (2), a positioning bolt (22) is provided on the sliding sleeve (21), and the positioning bolt (22) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the base main rod (2); Wherein, a telescopic I-shaped ruler and a telescopic T-shaped ruler are slidably matched on the base main rod (2).

2. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pillow support assembly comprises a pillow support body (11), the pillow support body (11) being mounted on the base (1) via a lifting pillow support rod, the lifting pillow support rod being mounted on one end of the base main rod (2) via a second adjustment sleeve (12); the pillow support body (11) is overall in the shape of a "spoon", and the top surface of the pillow support body (11) is adapted to the shape of the occipital part of the human skull.

3. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brow nail assembly includes: A brow nail rod (14), the brow nail rod (14) being mounted on one end of the base main rod (2) via a first adjustment sleeve (15); A head nail (16) is detachably connected to the brow nail rod (14), and the tip of the head nail (16) faces the base (1).

4. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting pillow support rod includes a bearing plate (23) and a telescopic rod (24), the telescopic rod (24) is installed on the base (1), the bearing plate (23) is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic rod (24), the pillow support body (11) is fixedly installed on the bearing plate (23), and one end of the base main rod (2) is installed on the bearing plate (23) through the second adjustment sleeve (12).

5. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: Scales (25) are provided on the base main rod (2), the first square (17), the second square (18), the bevel ruler (19), the positioning guide rod (3) and the auxiliary guide rod (6).

6. The intracranial puncture guide positioning instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic I-ruler comprises an I-ruler seat (41), a first rocker arm (42), a second rocker arm (43), a positioning rod (44), a first transfer rod (45) and a second transfer rod (46); one end of the first rocker arm (42) is connected to the I-ruler seat (41) via the first transfer rod (45); the other end of the first rocker arm (42) is rotatably connected to one end of the second rocker arm (43); and the other end of the second rocker arm (43) is connected to the positioning rod (44) via the second transfer rod (46).

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