Wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device

Abstract

The invention provides a wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device comprises a vascular access artery end and a vascular access vein end, the patient blood circulation unit comprises a first dialyzer, and the other ends of the blood outlet pipe and the blood return pipe are connected with the vascular access artery end and the vascular access vein end respectively; the in-vitro active kidney artery and vein ends of the in-vitro active kidney circulation unit are connected with two ports of the second dialyzer respectively to form an in-vitro active kidney blood circulation channel, and an in-vitro active kidney ureter is connected with the waste liquid storage device. The dialysis fluid and the exchange fluid are filtered and purified through the in-vitro kidney and then recycled, toxins are finally discharged out of the body through urine generated after in-vitro kidney filtration and reabsorption, a large amount of dialysis fluid is not needed in the treatment process, a large amount of waste liquid is not generated, the effectiveness and convenience of dialysis are completely met, and the treatment cost is reduced. The patient can be separated from the constraint of a dialysis chamber, a large dialysis machine and a water treatment system; the device is convenient to carry, high in practicability, remarkable in effect and worthy of popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hemodialysis, and in particular to a wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device. Background Art

[0002] At present, when patients undergo hemodialysis, they need a large amount of dialysate. The dialysate passes through the hemodialyzer and undergoes solute diffusion, penetration and ultrafiltration with the patient's blood. The purified patient's blood returns to the patient's body, and the liquid used for dialysis is discharged from the dialysis machine as waste liquid. This cycle is repeated continuously to complete the entire dialysis process. Since a dialysis session lasts up to 4-5 hours and a large amount of dialysate is required during the process, a large amount of dialysis waste liquid will also be generated. The generation of dialysate and the dialysis process rely on large-scale water treatment equipment and dialysis equipment. Therefore, existing hemodialysis needs to be performed in a dialysis room / home, which seriously affects the quality of life, work and study quality of hemodialysis patients and restricts the personal freedom of patients.

[0003] In summary, there is an urgent need to design a wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device that overcomes the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device that overcomes the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device, comprising:

[0006] the arterial end of the vascular access and the venous end of the vascular access;

[0007] A patient blood circulation unit, comprising a first dialyzer and an outflow blood vessel and a return blood vessel respectively connected to a blood inlet end and a blood outlet end of the first dialyzer, wherein the other ends of the outflow blood vessel and the return blood vessel are respectively connected to an arterial end of the blood vessel access and a venous end of the blood vessel access;

[0008] An isolated active kidney circulation unit, wherein both ends of the artery and vein of the isolated active kidney are respectively connected to two ports on the side wall of the first dialyzer to form an isolated active kidney blood circulation filtration passage;

[0009] Wherein, a pump is provided on the outflow blood vessel and the return blood vessel respectively.

[0010] The purpose of the present invention and the solution to its technical problems can be further achieved by adopting the following technical measures.

[0011] Furthermore, the isolated active kidney circulation unit comprises an active isolated active kidney and a first hose and a second hose respectively connected to a venous port and an arterial port of the isolated active kidney, the other ends of the first hose and the second hose are respectively connected to upper and lower ports on the side wall of the first dialyzer, and the first hose and the second hose are respectively provided with a pump 2;

[0012] The isolated active kidney also includes a ureter and a urine receiving container connected to the other end of the ureter.

[0013] Furthermore, a dialysate circulation unit is provided between the patient blood circulation unit and the isolated active kidney circulation unit;

[0014] The dialysate circulation unit comprises a second dialyzer, a dialysate inlet pipe and a dialysate outlet pipe respectively connected to two ports on the side wall of the second dialyzer, wherein the dialysate inlet pipe and the dialysate outlet pipe are respectively connected to the two ports on the side wall of the first dialyzer to form a dialysate circulation loop;

[0015] The ends of the first hose and the second hose away from the isolated active kidney are respectively connected to the upper and lower ports of the second dialyzer, and the dialysate inlet pipe and the dialysate outlet pipe are respectively provided with pumps four.

[0016] Furthermore, the blood outlet tube is connected to an anticoagulant injection tube, the other end of the anticoagulant injection tube is connected to an anticoagulant reservoir, and a pump three is provided on the anticoagulant injection tube.

[0017] Furthermore, a monitoring unit is provided on the return blood vessel and / or the first hose, and the monitoring unit includes a monitoring sensor module, a processing module, a display module and an alarm module. The monitoring unit is used to monitor the ions and biochemical parameters in the blood and / or dialysate in real time.

[0018] Furthermore, the second hose is also provided with an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device.

[0019] Furthermore, the urine receiving container is a urine storage bag, and the urine storage bag is detachably connected to the ureter.

[0020] Furthermore, the ureter is connected to the patient's bladder fistula tube to drain urine into the bladder for storage.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a storage structure with a cavity, and the storage structure is used to load the patient blood circulation unit, the dialysate circulation unit and the isolated active kidney circulation unit.

[0022] Furthermore, the storage structure is a box body or a bag body, and a fixing belt connected to a human body is provided on the outer side of the box body or the bag body.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device of the present invention is provided with an outlet blood vessel connected to the arterial end of the vascular access, a return blood vessel connected to the vein, and a first dialyzer, and the toxins in the blood are filtered through the first dialyzer, thereby realizing the process of blood output, purification, and reflux; by providing a second dialyzer, a dialysate inlet pipe, a dialysate outlet pipe, and an isolated active kidney circulation unit, the patient's blood is filtered and exchanged with the circulating dialysate or the isolated kidney circulating blood for uremic toxins, and the blood in the isolated active kidney circulation carries uremic toxins through glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption, producing a certain amount of urine, thereby achieving the purpose of excreting excess water and uremic toxins. Therefore, the whole process avoids the need for a large amount of dialysate, and does not produce a large amount of waste liquid, effectively reducing the burden on hemodialysis patients, and bringing convenience to the patients' lives, studies, and work.

[0025] 2. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device of the present invention is provided with an isolated active kidney circulation unit, and its two ends are respectively connected to two ports on the side wall of the first dialyzer or the second dialyzer to form an isolated active kidney circulation loop. The dialysate is filtered and purified by the isolated active kidney and then recycled. The toxins are finally eliminated from the body through the urine produced by the isolated active kidney after filtration and reabsorption. The dialysate exchanged with the patient's blood can be filtered and purified, and the toxins in the patient's blood dialysate can be removed. At the same time, the toxins in the circulating dialysate enter the isolated active kidney circulation unit after exchange in the second dialyzer, so that the dialysate is purified and further returned to the dialyzer exchanged with the patient's blood for circulation and use; and a large amount of dialysate is not required during the treatment process, and a large amount of waste liquid is not generated, which fully meets the effectiveness and convenience of dialysis, allowing patients to break away from the constraints of the dialysis room, large dialysis machine, and water treatment system; the use of isolated active kidneys in this device to remove toxins has the following advantages over the existing methods of removing the replaced dialysate through enzymes, adsorption, filtration membranes, etc.: 1. The biologically active 1. The isolated biologically active kidney has the toxin removal function of a biological kidney and can effectively remove more toxins in the dialysate, allowing the patient to achieve the most effective dialysis; 2. The isolated biologically active kidney can obtain glucose, amino acids, oxygen and other substances required to maintain its activity through the patient's blood, dialysate and membrane lung, survive for a long time, have a lasting toxin removal ability in an active state, and can be used for a longer time; 3. The dialysate and exchange fluid in this device can be recycled, and the isolated biologically active kidney only produces a small amount of waste fluid, namely urine; 4. The technology for the survival of isolated organs in vitro is mature, and this device is highly practical and effective, and is worthy of promotion.

[0026] 3. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device of the present invention can be stored by providing a storage structure, which is easy to carry; further, by providing a fixing belt, such as a shoulder strap, a waist belt, etc., on the box body or the bag body, the device can be worn on the patient, providing convenience for the patient's travel, work and study. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The overall structure of the wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 The overall structure of the wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 (Adding a dialysate circulation unit)

[0029] Figure 3 The overall structure of the wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 (Add anticoagulant injection tube);

[0030] Figure 4 The overall structure of the wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 4 (Add monitoring unit);

[0031] Figure 5 The overall structure of the wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 5 (Addition of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device);

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the storage structure in the wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device provided by the present invention;

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Arterial end of vascular access;

[0035] 2. The venous end of the vascular access;

[0036] 3. Patient blood circulation unit; 31. Outflow blood vessel; 32. Return blood vessel; 33. First dialyzer; 34. Pump one; 35. Anticoagulant injection tube; 36. Anticoagulant reservoir; 37. Pump three;

[0037] 4. Dialysate circulation unit; 41. Second dialyzer; 42. Dialysate inlet pipe; 43. Dialysate outlet pipe; 44. Pump 4;

[0038] 5. Isolated active kidney circulation unit; 51. Isolated active kidney; 52. First hose; 53. Second hose; 54. Pump 2; 55. Ureter; 56. Urine receiving container;

[0039] 6. Monitoring unit;

[0040] 7. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device;

[0041] 8. Storage structure; 81. Fixing strap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , a wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device, comprising:

[0044] The arterial end 1 of the vascular access and the venous end 2 of the vascular access, or the arterial cannula and the venous cannula;

[0045] A patient blood circulation unit 3, comprising a first dialyzer 33 and an outflow blood vessel 31 and a return blood vessel 32 respectively connected to a blood inlet end and a blood outlet end of the first dialyzer 33, wherein the other ends of the outflow blood vessel 31 and the return blood vessel 32 are respectively connected to an arterial end 1 of the vascular access and a venous end 2 of the vascular access;

[0046] The isolated active kidney circulation unit 5 has two ends of the artery and vein of the isolated active kidney connected to two ports on the side wall of the first dialyzer 33 to form an isolated active kidney blood circulation filtration path; the dialysate or exchange liquid flows inside the liquid circulation path, which can be blood with blood coagulation substances such as platelets removed or component blood containing red blood cells, or liquid containing red blood cells, or other liquids with oxygen and carbon dioxide transport capabilities. If necessary, an oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange membrane lung can be added to the isolated active kidney circulation unit 5;

[0047] The outflow blood vessel 31 and the return blood vessel 32 are respectively provided with a pump 34 .

[0048] In the present invention, when hemodialysis is needed, the outflow blood vessel 31 and the return blood vessel 32 are connected to the arterial end 1 and the venous end 2 of the vascular access respectively, and the two circulation loops of the patient's blood circulation unit 3 and the isolated active kidney circulation unit 5 are opened. The blood flows into the first dialyzer 33 from the outflow blood vessel 31, and at the same time, the dialysate enters the first dialyzer 33 from the venous end of the isolated active kidney. The diffusion and exchange of uremic toxins are achieved through the semipermeable membrane inside the first dialyzer 33, and the toxins enter the isolated active kidney along the circulation pathway of the dialysate. Furthermore, the uremic toxins are filtered and removed in the isolated active kidney to produce urine, thereby ultimately achieving the purpose of renal replacement therapy. This device continuously purifies the patient's blood through two filtering circuits. During the longer hemodialysis process, the patient does not need to carry a lot of dialysate, which effectively reduces the burden on hemodialysis patients and brings convenience to the patients' life, study and work. Moreover, the method of removing uremic toxins by isolated active kidneys has more advantages than the existing methods of removal through enzymes, adsorption, filtration membranes, etc., making this device highly practical and effective, and worthy of promotion.

[0049] Preferably, the isolated active kidney circulation unit 5 comprises an isolated active kidney 51 having activity, and a first hose 52 and a second hose 53 respectively connected to the venous port and the arterial port of the isolated active kidney 51, the other ends of the first hose 52 and the second hose 53 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ports on the side wall of the first dialyzer 33, and the first hose 52 and the second hose 53 are respectively provided with a pump 2 54; an extracorporeal circulation is established for the isolated active kidney, and it has the function of transporting oxygen (combined / uncombined oxygen supply equipment: extracorporeal oxygen / carbon dioxide exchange module), nutrition, energy, exchanged toxins and excess water, and has the function of regulating the urine filtration and reabsorption efficiency of the isolated active kidney; and has the function of monitoring the biological activity state of the isolated active kidney. At present, the in vitro survival technology of the isolated active kidney has been maturely applied, and the isolated organ can survive for a long time in vitro. The specific storage method can refer to the organ transplantation technology, which is not described in detail in the present invention.

[0050] The isolated active kidney 51 further includes a ureter 55 and a urine receiving container 56 connected to the other end of the ureter 55 .

[0051] Reference Figure 2 As shown in , as an optional embodiment, a dialysate circulation unit 4 is further provided between the patient blood circulation unit 3 and the isolated active kidney circulation unit 5, so that the isolated active kidney circulation unit 5 is indirectly connected to the patient blood circulation unit 3, thereby improving the safety and stability during the dialysis process.

[0052] The dialysate circulation unit 4 comprises a second dialyzer 41, a dialysate inlet pipe 42 and a dialysate outlet pipe 43 respectively connected to two ports on the side wall of the second dialyzer 41, and the dialysate inlet pipe 42 and the dialysate outlet pipe 43 are respectively connected to two ports on the side wall of the first dialyzer 33 to form a dialysate circulation loop;

[0053] The ends of the first hose 52 and the second hose 53 away from the isolated active kidney 51 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ports of the second dialyzer 41, and the dialysate inlet pipe 42 and the dialysate outlet pipe 43 are respectively provided with pumps 2944. A circulation loop of exchange fluid is formed between the first hose 52, the second hose 53, the isolated active kidney 51 and the second dialyzer 41. The function of the exchange fluid is to carry toxins in the dialysate to the isolated active kidney for removal, thereby realizing repeated circulation of the dialysate.

[0054] In this embodiment, when hemodialysis is required, the outflow blood vessel 31 and the return blood vessel 32 are connected to the arterial end 1 and the venous end 2 of the vascular access respectively, and the three circulation loops of the patient blood circulation unit 3, the dialysate circulation unit 4 and the isolated active kidney circulation unit 5 are opened. The patient's blood flows into the first dialyzer 33 from the outflow blood vessel 31, and the dialysate enters the first dialyzer 33 from the dialysate inlet pipe 42. The toxins in the patient's blood are diffused and exchanged into the dialysate through the semipermeable membrane inside the first dialyzer 33, and the toxins enter the second dialyzer 41 along the circulation loop of the dialysate. Furthermore, the dialysate containing toxins is exchanged and filtered with the exchange fluid in the second dialyzer 41 to purify the dialysate so that the dialysate can be reused. Finally, the exchange fluid containing toxins enters the isolated active kidney circulation unit 5 for filtration, removal of toxins, and production of urine, thereby ultimately achieving the purpose of renal replacement therapy. The device purifies the blood through multiple filtering circuits and allows both the dialysate and the exchange fluid to be recycled. During a longer period of hemodialysis, the patient does not need to carry a large amount of dialysate, which effectively reduces the burden on hemodialysis patients and brings convenience to the patients' lives, studies and work. Moreover, the method of removing uremic toxins by the isolated active kidney has more advantages than the existing methods of removal through enzymes, adsorption, filtration membranes and other modes, making the device highly practical and effective, and worthy of promotion.

[0055] Reference Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the anticoagulant injection tube 35 is connected to the blood outlet 31, the other end of the anticoagulant injection tube 35 is connected to the anticoagulant storage 36, and a pump 37 is provided on the anticoagulant injection tube 35. Adding anticoagulant to the blood outlet 31 can effectively prevent blood clotting after the blood flows out.

[0056] Reference Figure 4As shown in the figure, a monitoring unit 6 is provided on the return blood vessel 32 and / or the first hose 52, and the monitoring unit 6 includes a monitoring sensor module, a processing module, a display module and an alarm module. The monitoring unit 6 is used to monitor the biochemical parameters in the blood and / or the dialysate in real time, such as detecting the acid-base, ion composition, osmotic pressure and other biochemical index parameters in the blood and / or the dialysate after dialysis, and monitoring the working state and activity of the semipermeable membrane and the isolated active kidney 51. Specifically, the monitoring sensor module transmits the monitored biochemical index parameters such as acid-base, ion composition, osmotic pressure to the processing module, and the processing module processes the information and transmits it to the display module for display so that the patient can view it, and the processing module can compare the monitored information with its own preset value. If an abnormality occurs, the parameter adjustment is started and the alarm module sends an alarm to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the treatment.

[0057] Reference Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the second hose 53 is also provided with an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device 7. It can provide oxygen and exchange carbon dioxide for the isolated active kidney circulation unit 5. In the present invention, the exchange fluid is preferably blood or component blood containing red blood cells, because it has good oxygen and carbon dioxide transport functions. Therefore, the use of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device 7 can be selected and the parameters can be adjusted according to the parameters of the oxygen content in the blood or the exchange fluid; wherein, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device 7 can refer to the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] Preferably, the urine receiving container 56 is a urine storage bag, and the urine storage bag is detachably connected to the ureter 55, so as to facilitate replacement of the urine storage bag.

[0059] As another embodiment of urine storage, the ureter 55 is connected to the patient's bladder fistula tube to drain urine into the bladder for storage.

[0060] Reference Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it also includes a storage structure 8 with a cavity, and the storage structure 8 is used to load the patient blood circulation unit 3, the dialysate circulation unit 4 and the isolated active kidney circulation unit 5. The cavity in the storage structure 8 is configured to be a cavity in which the patient blood circulation unit 3, the dialysate circulation unit 4 and the isolated active kidney circulation unit 5 can be stably placed, which is convenient for transportation and carrying.

[0061] Preferably, the storage structure 8 is a box body or a bag body, and the outer side of the box body or the bag body is provided with a fixing belt 81 connected to the human body. The fixing belt 81 can make the box body or the bag body worn or carried on the patient. The fixing belt 81 can be a shoulder strap, a waist belt or other fixing belt, so that the device can be worn on the patient, which provides convenience for the patient's travel, work and study.

[0062] The present invention is further described above in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation modes, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device, comprising a vascular access arterial end (1) and a vascular access venous end (2), characterized in that: Also includes: A patient blood circulation unit (3), comprising a first dialyzer (33) and an outflow blood vessel (31) and a return blood vessel (32) respectively connected to a blood inlet end and a blood outlet end of the first dialyzer (33), wherein the other ends of the outflow blood vessel (31) and the return blood vessel (32) are respectively connected to an arterial end (1) of the blood vessel access and a venous end (2) of the blood vessel access; An isolated active kidney circulation unit (5), wherein both ends of the artery and vein of the isolated active kidney are respectively connected to two ports on the side wall of the first dialyzer (33) to form an isolated active kidney blood circulation filtration passage; Wherein, a pump 1 (34) is respectively provided on the outflow blood vessel (31) and the return blood vessel (32).

2. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolated active kidney circulation unit (5) comprises an isolated active kidney (51) having activity, and a first hose (52) and a second hose (53) respectively connected from the venous port and the arterial port of the isolated active kidney (51), the other ends of the first hose (52) and the second hose (53) being respectively connected to the upper and lower ports on the side wall of the first dialyzer (33), and the first hose (52) and the second hose (53) being respectively provided with a pump 2 (54); The isolated active kidney (51) further comprises a ureter (55) and a urine receiving container (56) connected to the other end of the ureter (55).

3. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A dialysate circulation unit (4) is also provided between the patient blood circulation unit (3) and the isolated active kidney circulation unit (5); The dialysate circulation unit (4) comprises a second dialyzer (41), a dialysate inlet pipe (42) and a dialysate outlet pipe (43) respectively connected to two ports on the side wall of the second dialyzer (41), and the dialysate inlet pipe (42) and the dialysate outlet pipe (43) are respectively connected to the two ports on the side wall of the first dialyzer (33) to form a dialysate circulation loop; The ends of the first hose (52) and the second hose (53) away from the isolated active kidney (51) are respectively connected to the upper and lower ports of the second dialyzer (41), and the dialysate inlet pipe (42) and the dialysate outlet pipe (43) are respectively provided with pumps four (44).

4. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blood outlet tube (31) is connected to an anticoagulant injection tube (35), the other end of the anticoagulant injection tube (35) is connected to an anticoagulant storage device (36), and a pump three (37) is provided on the anticoagulant injection tube (35).

5. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The return blood vessel (32) and / or the first flexible tube (52) are provided with a monitoring unit (6), the monitoring unit (6) comprising a monitoring sensor module, a processing module, a display module and an alarm module, and the monitoring unit (6) is used for real-time monitoring of ions and biochemical parameters in the blood and / or dialysate.

6. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second hose (53) is also provided with an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation device (7).

7. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The urine receiving container (56) is a urine storage bag, and the urine storage bag is detachably connected to the ureter (55).

8. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ureter (55) is connected to the patient's bladder fistula tube to drain urine into the bladder for storage.

9. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also comprises a storage structure (8) having a cavity, wherein the storage structure (8) is used to load the patient blood circulation unit (3), the dialysate circulation unit (4) and the isolated active kidney circulation unit (5).

10. The wearable biomechanical artificial kidney hemodialysis device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The storage structure (8) is a box body or a bag body, and a fixing belt (81) connected to the human body is provided on the outer side of the box body or the bag body.

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