Centrifugal mixed magnetic suspension artificial heart pump

Abstract

The invention provides a centrifugal mixed magnetic suspension artificial heart pump which is characterized in that the centrifugal mixed magnetic suspension artificial heart pump comprises a cavity composed of a pump cover and a pump body, and the cavity is provided with an upper blood inlet channel and a lateral blood outlet channel; an impeller is arranged in the cavity; an impeller driving mechanism is arranged below the cavity and drives the impeller to rotate through the change of a magnetic field; the top of the impeller enables axial stress of the impeller to be balanced through a passive magnetic bearing structure; a driving magnetic bearing structure is arranged on the peripheral side of the impeller to enable the impeller to suspend in the radial direction. According to the centrifugal mixed magnetic suspension artificial heart pump, the stability of the blood pump rotor is improved, meanwhile, the output of the pump is adjusted according to the hemodynamics requirement of a patient, and the heart function is assisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a centrifugal hybrid magnetic suspension artificial heart pump. Background Art

[0002] Heart failure is one of the main causes of death from cardiovascular diseases today. The main result of heart failure is insufficient blood supply to the heart, which makes it difficult to meet the normal metabolic needs of the human body. Artificial hearts partially or completely replace the pumping function of the natural heart to maintain blood circulation throughout the body, and are the main means of treating heart failure. Existing third-generation blood pumps generally have problems such as unstable impeller control and inability to adjust in time according to the demand for pumping blood.

[0003] Chinese patent application documents with publication numbers CN109847127A, CN110464895A and CN117899350A disclose passive magnetic levitation artificial heart pumps, which are characterized by the use of passive magnetic bearing support. However, this support method cannot guarantee the stability of movement and is likely to cause disordered flow inside the blood pump and scratches on the impeller and volute, aggravating damage to blood cells and even shortening the service life of the blood pump. In addition, this support method has limited ability to handle dynamic force changes.

[0004] Chinese patent application documents with publication numbers CN101041091A, CN116899098A and 204910153U disclose active magnetic levitation artificial heart pumps, which are characterized in that they all use artificial heart pumps with active magnetic levitation bearing structures. However, the active magnetic bearing acts on one end of the impeller rotor, and the impeller rotates eccentrically when the blood pump is working, which may cause scratches on the impeller and the volute, and the excessively long axial structure increases the overall size of the blood pump and increases the probability of thrombosis and hemolysis.

[0005] In view of this, how to make the third-generation blood pump smaller in size, with high coaxiality and controllable blood pumping volume is the current problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump, which is used to improve the stability of the blood pump rotor and adjust the output of the pump according to the patient's hemodynamic needs to assist the heart function.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] The present invention provides a centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump, which is characterized by comprising: a cavity composed of a pump cover and a pump body, the cavity having an upper blood inlet channel and a lateral blood outlet channel; an impeller is arranged inside the cavity; an impeller driving mechanism is arranged below the cavity, and the impeller driving mechanism drives the impeller to rotate through a change in a magnetic field; the top of the impeller is balanced by an axial force of the impeller through a passive magnetic bearing structure; an active magnetic bearing structure is arranged on the circumference of the impeller to radially suspend the impeller.

[0009] Furthermore, in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the passive magnetic bearing structure includes a first permanent magnet on the pump cover and a first permanent magnet on the impeller, and the first permanent magnet on the pump cover is installed on the inner surface of the pump cover; the first permanent magnet on the impeller is installed on the upper surface of the impeller, and its position corresponds to the first permanent magnet on the pump cover.

[0010] Furthermore, in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the first permanent magnet on the pump cover and the first permanent magnet on the impeller are both annular structures; the first permanent magnet on the pump cover and the first permanent magnet on the impeller both include two annular structures, one large and one small.

[0011] Furthermore, in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the active magnetic bearing structure includes a third permanent magnet, an electromagnet core, and an electromagnetic coil; the electromagnet core is multiple, located outside the pump body, and evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pump body; the electromagnetic coil is multiple groups, respectively wound on the electromagnet core, and the electromagnetic coil is connected to the controller; the third permanent magnet is arranged on the circumferential side of the impeller.

[0012] Furthermore, in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the electromagnet core is a U-shaped structure; the third permanent magnet is an annular structure, including an upper third permanent magnet and a lower third permanent magnet, the upper third permanent magnet is located at the upper part of the impeller side and corresponds to the position of one end of the electromagnet core, and the lower third permanent magnet is located at the lower part of the impeller side and corresponds to the position of the other end of the electromagnet core.

[0013] Furthermore, in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, a position sensor is also arranged between several of the electromagnetic cores, and the position sensor is electrically connected to the controller of the electromagnetic coil.

[0014] Furthermore, in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the impeller drive mechanism includes a second permanent magnet, a motor core, and a motor coil; the motor core is located below the pump body; the motor coil is wound on the motor core, and the wiring terminals of the motor coil are connected to the motor controller; the second permanent magnet is arranged on the bottom surface of the impeller.

[0015] Furthermore, in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the motor core is evenly provided with a plurality of fan-shaped core protrusions along the circumferential direction, and the motor coil is wound around each fan-shaped core protrusion.

[0016] Furthermore, in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention, it can also have the following feature: wherein, the inner wall surface of the pump body is provided with a single spiral circular cross-section vortex chamber.

[0017] Furthermore, in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, a guide cone is arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the pump body, and the impeller is mounted on the guide cone.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention is driven by an axial motor. When the rotor axis approaches / moves away from the motor, a restoring force is generated by the gravitational force of the passive magnetic bearing and the axial force of the active magnetic bearing, so that the impeller returns to the equilibrium position in time.

[0020] 2. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention is provided with an active magnetic bearing having an impeller control assembly. While avoiding collision between the impeller and the casing, the output of the pump can be adjusted according to the patient's hemodynamic needs, thereby reducing damage to blood cells and assisting heart function.

[0021] 3. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump provided by the present invention adopts a hybrid magnetic bearing support method on the supporting suspension structure, which improves the stability of the impeller operation, reduces the probability of impeller collision, and reduces the restrictions on the patient's activities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a top view of an impeller in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3is a cross-sectional view of the housing of a centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a top view of the radial suspension structure in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic suspension artificial heart pump in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a top view of the impeller drive mechanism in the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Markings in the figure: 1. blood inlet channel; 2. pump cover; 3. impeller; 4. blood outlet channel; 5a. first permanent magnet of pump cover; 5b. first permanent magnet of impeller; 6. second permanent magnet; 7a. third permanent magnet of upper part; 7b. third permanent magnet of lower part; 8. electromagnet core; 9. electromagnet coil; 10. bearing cover; 11. pump body; 11a. guide cone; 12. motor coil; 13. motor core; 13a. fan-shaped core protrusion; 14. motor housing; 15. probe of first position sensor; 16. probe of second position sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments are combined with the accompanying drawings to specifically illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present invention and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. The terms "first", "second" and the like are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0030] <Example>

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump, including: a pump cover 2, a pump body 11, an impeller 3, an impeller drive mechanism, an active magnetic bearing structure, and a passive magnetic bearing structure.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the pump cover 2, the pump body 11, and the bearing cover 10 form a housing, and the pump cover 2 and the pump body 11 are bolted together to form a cavity, which has an upper blood inlet channel 1 and a lateral blood outlet channel 4. The blood inlet channel 1 is arranged on the pump cover, and the inner wall surface of the pump body 11 is provided with a single spiral circular cross-section vortex chamber, and the blood outlet channel 4 is arranged at the outlet of the vortex chamber.

[0033] The impeller 3 is arranged inside the cavity, and a gap is provided between the inner wall surface of the pump body 11 and the impeller to ensure smooth blood flow. Figure 2 As shown, a guide cone 11a is provided at the middle of the bottom of the pump body 11, and the impeller 3 is sleeved on the guide cone. The top of the guide cone is cone-shaped and penetrates into the blood inlet channel, so as to ensure that blood flows into the blades of the impeller 3.

[0034] The top view of the structure of the impeller 3 is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the impeller 3 is a centrifugal impeller with six blades. In the figure, φ is the wrap angle, β1 is the inlet angle, and β2 is the outlet angle. These angle parameters are set according to the actual requirements of the impeller operation.

[0035] The impeller drive mechanism is arranged below the cavity, and the impeller drive mechanism drives the impeller to rotate through the change of magnetic field. Figure 1 As shown, the impeller 3 driving mechanism includes a second permanent magnet 6, a motor core 13, and a motor coil 12. The motor core 13 is located below the pump body 11, and the motor core 13 is evenly provided with a plurality of fan-shaped core protrusions 13a along the circumferential direction. Each fan-shaped core protrusion 13a is wound with a motor coil 12, and the terminal of the motor coil 12 is connected to the motor controller. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, six fan-shaped core protrusions are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the motor core 13. The second permanent magnet 6 is arranged on the bottom surface of the impeller 3, and the second permanent magnet 6 is in a plurality of segments, and the plurality of segments of the second permanent magnet 6 form a ring.

[0036] The motor controller changes the current direction of the motor coil 12 on the motor core 13 to generate alternating attractive and repulsive forces with the second permanent magnet 6 on the bottom surface of the impeller, thereby realizing the rotation of the impeller and outputting blood.

[0037] The motor housing 14 is sleeved on the outer side of the motor core 13 , and the motor housing 14 is fixed to the pump body 11 by bolts.

[0038] The passive magnetic bearing structure is used to balance the axial force of the impeller. Figure 1As shown, the passive magnetic bearing structure includes a first permanent magnet 5a of the pump cover and a first permanent magnet 5b of the impeller. The first permanent magnet 5a of the pump cover is installed in a groove on the inner surface of the pump cover 2. The first permanent magnet 5b of the impeller is installed on the upper surface of the impeller 3, and its position corresponds to the first permanent magnet 5a of the pump cover. The permanent magnet and the impeller are fixed together by biological glue. The first permanent magnet 5a of the pump cover and the first permanent magnet 5b of the impeller are both annular structures. The first permanent magnet 5a of the pump cover and the first permanent magnet 5b of the impeller each include two annular structures, one large and one small.

[0039] The active magnetic bearing structure is used to suspend the impeller radially. Figure 1 As shown, the active magnetic bearing structure includes a third permanent magnet, an electromagnetic core 8, and an electromagnetic coil 9. The third permanent magnet is arranged on the peripheral side of the impeller 3, and the permanent magnet and the impeller are fixed together by biological glue. Figure 1 As shown, the electromagnet core is a U-shaped structure, and the third permanent magnet is an annular structure, including an upper third permanent magnet 7a and a lower third permanent magnet 7b. The upper third permanent magnet 7a is located at the upper part of the side of the impeller 3 and corresponds to the position of one end of the electromagnet core, and the lower third permanent magnet 7b is located at the lower part of the side of the impeller 3 and corresponds to the position of the other end of the electromagnet core.

[0040] There are multiple electromagnetic cores 8, which are located outside the pump body 11 and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the pump body 11. There are multiple groups of electromagnetic coils 9, which are respectively wound on the electromagnetic cores 8, and the electromagnetic coils 9 are connected to the controller. Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, there are four electromagnet cores 8.

[0041] An impeller control assembly is provided between each two electromagnetic cores 8. The impeller control assembly is composed of a position sensor and an electromagnetic coil controller. The position sensor is provided between the electromagnetic cores 8 to sense whether the impeller position is deflected. The position sensor includes a first position sensor and a second position sensor. The probe 15 of the first position sensor and the probe 16 of the second position sensor are provided at positions as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the first position sensor is used to sense the position deviation △x in the x direction, and the second position sensor is used to sense the position deviation △y in the y direction. The position sensor is electrically connected to the controller of the electromagnetic coil 9. When the position sensor senses that the impeller is deflected, the controller adjusts the current of the electromagnetic coil to keep the impeller rotating in the middle position, thereby realizing radial suspension of the impeller.

[0042] The bearing cover 10 is arranged on the outer side of the passive magnetic bearing structure, and the bearing cover 10 is connected and fixed to the pump body 11 .

[0043] The working principle of the centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump of this embodiment is as follows:

[0044] Blood flows in from the blood inlet channel and is output from the blood outlet channel 4. The impeller 3 is driven to rotate by the impeller drive mechanism, and the power-on sequence of the motor coil 12 is controlled to produce a magnetic field change. The second permanent magnet 6 at the bottom of the impeller 3 starts to rotate under the change of the magnetic field, thereby realizing the rotation of the impeller under the centrifugal action. The first permanent magnets 5a and 5b at the top of the impeller 3 play the role of passive magnetic bearings to balance the axial force generated by the motor. The third permanent magnets 7a and 7b, the electromagnetic core 8, and the electromagnetic coil 9 arranged on the circumferential side of the impeller 3, and the impeller control assembly composed of the position sensor and the electromagnetic coil controller are realized to adjust the coil current according to the impeller position, so that the impeller is radially suspended, thereby realizing radial stability when the impeller rotates. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic suspension artificial heart pump of this embodiment realizes the stable circulation of blood through the impeller drive mechanism, the active magnetic bearing structure, and the passive magnetic bearing structure.

[0045] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump, characterized in that: The pump comprises a cavity composed of a pump cover and a pump body, wherein the cavity has an upper blood inlet channel and a lateral blood outlet channel; An impeller is arranged inside the cavity; An impeller driving mechanism is arranged below the cavity, and the impeller driving mechanism drives the impeller to rotate through a change in the magnetic field; The top of the impeller is provided with a passive magnetic bearing structure to balance the axial force of the impeller; An active magnetic bearing structure is arranged on the circumferential side of the impeller to enable the impeller to suspend radially.

2. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The passive magnetic bearing structure includes a first permanent magnet of a pump cover and a first permanent magnet of an impeller. The first permanent magnet of the pump cover is installed on the inner surface of the pump cover; The first permanent magnet of the impeller is installed on the upper surface of the impeller, and its position corresponds to the first permanent magnet of the pump cover.

3. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: in, The first permanent magnet of the pump cover and the first permanent magnet of the impeller are both annular structures; The first permanent magnet of the pump cover and the first permanent magnet of the impeller both include two annular structures, one large and one small.

4. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The active magnetic bearing structure includes a third permanent magnet, an electromagnetic core, and an electromagnetic coil; There are multiple electromagnetic cores, which are located outside the pump body and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the pump body; The electromagnetic coils are multiple groups, each wound on the electromagnetic core, and the electromagnetic coils are connected to a controller; The third permanent magnet is arranged on a circumferential side surface of the impeller.

5. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: in, The electromagnet core is a U-shaped structure; The third permanent magnet is an annular structure, including an upper third permanent magnet and a lower third permanent magnet. The upper third permanent magnet is located at the upper part of the impeller side and corresponds to the position of one end of the electromagnetic core. The lower third permanent magnet is located at the lower part of the impeller side and corresponds to the position of the other end of the electromagnetic core.

6. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: in, Position sensors are also arranged between the plurality of electromagnetic cores, and the position sensors are electrically connected to the controller of the electromagnetic coils.

7. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The impeller driving mechanism includes a second permanent magnet, a motor core, and a motor coil; The motor core is located below the pump body; The motor coil is wound on the motor core, and the wiring terminal of the motor coil is connected to the motor controller; The second permanent magnet is disposed on the bottom surface of the impeller.

8. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump according to claim 7, characterized in that: in, The motor core is evenly provided with a plurality of fan-shaped core protrusions along the circumferential direction, and the motor coil is wound around each fan-shaped core protrusion.

9. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The inner wall surface of the pump body is provided with a single spiral circular cross-section vortex chamber.

10. The centrifugal hybrid magnetic levitation artificial heart pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, A guide cone is arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the pump body, and the impeller is sleeved on the guide cone.

Images