Pressure intensity self-adaptive filter cake back-blowing candle type filter and filtering method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of candle filters, in particular to a pressure self-adaptive filter cake back-blowing candle filter and a filtering method thereof.The pressure self-adaptive filter cake back-blowing candle filter comprises a barrel and a partition disc fixedly arranged in the barrel, and the partition disc divides the barrel into a filtering cavity and a mounting cavity; the filter assembly is mounted on the partition disc and located in the filter cavity, the filter assembly comprises a plurality of filter elements arranged on the partition disc at equal intervals along the circumference and filter cloth arranged on the filter elements in a sleeving mode, liquid to be filtered is introduced into the filter cavity, and the filter cloth is arranged on the filter elements in a sleeving mode. Clear liquid can enter the filter element through the filter cloth; in the whole working process, when the filter cake layer is removed, pumping of liquid does not need to be interrupted, the shutdown frequency is effectively reduced, the filter cake layer removing process is rapidly completed by utilizing the characteristic that the spring rebounds rapidly, and the filtering efficiency can be effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field related to candle filters, in particular to a pressure-adaptive filter cake back-blowing candle filter and a filtering method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The candle filter is a highly efficient solid-liquid separation device. Its working principle is based on physical filtration technology, and it separates solid particles from liquid through the synergistic effect of the filter element and filter cloth.

[0003] During the operation of the candle filter, as the working time increases, a filter cake layer will gradually accumulate on the filter cloth, which will make it difficult to continue the normal filtration. For this reason, the candle filter is usually equipped with a backflush system to blow away the filter cake layer.

[0004] However, in the existing backflush system, when the filter cake layer reaches a preset thickness or the filtration pressure difference increases, the system starts the backflush cleaning procedure. Compressed air, nitrogen or other gases apply instantaneous pulse pressure to the filter cake through the center of the filter element to loosen and peel off the filter cake, remove fine particles on the filter cloth, and restore the filtration efficiency. This mode of operation requires the filtration to be terminated before it can be carried out. Therefore, during the working process, a lot of time will be delayed, which reduces the efficiency of liquid filtration treatment. For the monitoring of the filter cake layer thickness or the filtration pressure difference, pressure sensors are usually used for monitoring. However, pressure sensors are easily affected by external interference, such as electromagnetic interference, mechanical vibration, etc., which may lead to inaccurate measurement results, which may cause the backflush system to be triggered incorrectly, making it difficult to filter efficiently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a pressure-adaptive filter cake back-blowing candle filter and a filtering method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A pressure-adaptive filter cake back-blowing candle filter comprises a cylinder and a partition plate fixedly arranged in the cylinder, wherein the partition plate divides the cylinder into a filter chamber and an installation chamber; The pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter also includes: A filter assembly is installed on the partition plate and located in the filter chamber, comprising a plurality of filter elements equidistantly arranged on the partition plate along the circumference and a filter cloth sleeved on the filter element. The liquid to be filtered is passed into the filter chamber, and the clear liquid can enter the filter element through the filter cloth; A delivery pipeline and a two-way delivery pipeline, both of which are arranged on the cylinder and connected, and have a first delivery form and a second delivery form. The first delivery form is that the delivery pipeline delivers the liquid to be filtered into the filter chamber, and the two-way delivery pipeline is used to discharge the clear liquid in the filter element. The second delivery form is that the delivery pipeline pumps liquid into the filter element through the two-way delivery pipeline, so that the liquid impacts the filter cake layer on the filter cloth. The real-time monitoring mechanism is provided with two groups on the partition plate and is located in the installation chamber. The real-time monitoring mechanism is connected to a form switching mechanism. When the thickness of the filter cake layer on the filter cloth reaches a preset value, the real-time monitoring mechanism prompts the form switching mechanism to be triggered. The form switching mechanism can switch the first transmission form of the conveying pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline to the second transmission form.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the delivery pipeline includes a feed pipe installed on the cylinder and connected to the filter chamber, and a first spherical shell fixedly connected to the feed pipe, a first spherical body is movably arranged in the first spherical shell, the outer wall of the first spherical body is sealingly slidably fitted with the inner wall of the first spherical shell, a first control pipe is rotatably installed on the cylinder, and a feed pipe is fixedly arranged on the cylinder; Among them, the feed pipe is sealed and rotatably connected to the first control pipe, the first control pipe extends into the first spherical shell and is fixed to the first sphere, the first spherical shell is connected to the second spherical shell fixed on the cylinder through a conduit, and the first sphere is provided with a first "L"-shaped channel that can connect the first control pipe with the feed pipe or the conduit, and the first control pipe is connected to the form switching mechanism.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the bidirectional transmission pipeline includes a connecting pipe fixed on the cylinder and connected to the plurality of filter elements through a plurality of branch pipes, the connecting pipe is sealingly and rotatably connected to a second control pipe at one end away from the branch pipe, and the second control pipe is fixedly connected to a second ball movably arranged in the second ball shell; The second control tube is connected to the form switching mechanism, the second ball shell is also connected to a liquid outlet pipe, and the second sphere is provided with a second "L"-shaped channel that enables the second control tube to communicate with the liquid outlet pipe or the conduit.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the real-time monitoring mechanism comprises a cylinder fixed on the partition plate and having two ends connected, a piston plate sealingly and slidably arranged in the cylinder, and a column fixed on the piston plate, a fixing piece is also fixed on the cylinder, and the column penetrates the fixing piece and is slidably connected to the fixing piece; Among them, the outer periphery of the column is sleeved with a first cylindrical spring, the two ends of the first cylindrical spring are respectively connected to the piston disk and the fixing member, and a driving column is fixed to one end of the column away from the piston disk, and the driving column is connected to the form switching mechanism.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the form switching mechanism includes a telescopic plate slidably arranged on the cylinder and capable of moving radially along the cylinder, the telescopic plate is fixedly connected to a driven plate, the driven plate is obliquely provided with a through groove adapted to the driving column, the driving column extends into the through groove and is slidably connected to the driven plate; Wherein, one end of the driven plate away from the driven plate is fixedly connected with an assembly plate, and an elastic trigger structure is provided on the assembly plate. The elastic trigger structure is respectively connected to the first control tube and the second control tube through a transmission component.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the assembly plate is provided with a mounting groove, the elastic trigger structure includes a slider slidably arranged in the mounting groove, the slider is slidably connected to a guide column fixed in the mounting groove, and a second cylindrical spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide column, and two ends of the second cylindrical spring are respectively connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove and the slider, and the slider is connected to the transmission assembly; Among them, a limiting column is fixed on the sliding block, a limiting plate is fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder, a groove body adapted to the limiting column is provided on the limiting plate, and the limiting column extends into the groove body and is slidably connected with the limiting plate.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the groove body includes a first transverse groove, a second transverse groove, a vertical groove, a third transverse groove and an inclined groove that are connected to each other, the inclined groove is connected to the first transverse groove and the second transverse groove, and a movable piece is rotatably installed on the limiting plate, the rotating shaft of the movable piece is connected to a torsion spring, and the movable piece is located at one end of the inclined groove away from the third transverse groove.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the transmission assembly includes a guide plate fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder, a sliding seat slidably arranged on the guide plate, and a cross arm fixed on the side of the sliding seat, the cross arm is slidably connected to the slider, each sliding sleeve on the first control tube and the second control tube is provided with a ring body, and the outer walls of the first control tube and the second control tube are provided with a spirally arranged groove.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a convex column adapted to the groove is fixed on the ring body, and the convex column extends into the groove, and the two ring bodies are each connected to the sliding seat through a connecting rod, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the sliding seat and the ring body, and when the two ring bodies slide along the axial direction of the first control tube and the second control tube respectively, the convex column can cause the first control tube and the second control tube to rotate through the groove.

[0015] A filtering method, using the pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter; The delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline are in the first transmission mode, the delivery pipeline delivers the liquid to be filtered into the filter chamber, the clear liquid passes through the filter cloth into the filter element, and is discharged through the bidirectional transmission pipeline; When the accumulated amount of the filter cake layer on the filter cloth reaches a preset value, the real-time monitoring mechanism triggers the mode switching mechanism, which can switch the first transmission mode of the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline to the second transmission mode, and the delivery pipeline pumps liquid into the filter element through the bidirectional transmission pipeline, so that the liquid impacts the filter cake layer on the filter cloth; After the impact is completed, the real-time monitoring mechanism prompts the mode switching mechanism to reset, and the second transmission mode of the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline is switched back to the first transmission mode.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present application sets a connected delivery pipeline and a bidirectional transmission pipeline on the cylinder, and the two have a first transmission form and a second transmission form. The first transmission form is that the delivery pipeline delivers the liquid to be filtered into the filter chamber, and the bidirectional transmission pipeline is used to discharge the clear liquid in the filter element. The second transmission form is that the delivery pipeline pumps the liquid into the filter element through the bidirectional transmission pipeline. During operation, the thickness of the filter cake layer is reflected according to the movement stroke of the piston disc in the cylinder. When the thickness of the filter cake layer reaches a preset value, the second cylindrical spring rebounds quickly, so that the transmission component can quickly drive the first control tube and the second control tube to rotate, and the first transmission mode is switched to the second transmission mode. The transmission mode of the liquid is changed and can be pumped into the filter element, so as to flush out the filter cake layer. Subsequently, the first transmission mode can be quickly switched back to the second transmission mode by the rapid rebound of the first cylindrical spring. Therefore, during the entire working process, when the filter cake layer is removed, the pumping of the liquid does not need to be interrupted, which effectively reduces the number of shutdowns. The filter cake layer removal process is completed quickly by utilizing the rapid rebound of the spring, which can effectively ensure the filtration efficiency. In addition, the thickness of the filter cake layer is monitored by the piston disk without the need to install a pressure sensor, thereby having anti-interference ability, so that the first transmission mode and the second transmission mode can be switched accurately. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of another angle of an embodiment of a pressure adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter.

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a pressure adaptive filter cake back-blowing candle filter from another angle.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder in one embodiment of a pressure adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at center.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at point B.

[0023] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the structure of the filter assembly in one embodiment of a pressure adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter.

[0024] Figure 8 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline in one embodiment of a pressure adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter.

[0025] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure from another angle.

[0026] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the real-time monitoring mechanism and the mode switching mechanism in one embodiment of a pressure adaptive filter cake backblowing candle filter.

[0027] Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a limiting plate in an embodiment of a pressure adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter.

[0028] In the figure: 1, cylinder; 2, partition plate; 3, filter element; 4, filter cloth; 5, tightening belt; 6, first ball shell; 7, second ball shell; 8, feed pipe; 9, first control pipe; 10, first ball; 11, second control pipe; 12, second ball; 13, connecting pipe; 14, branch pipe; 15, guide pipe; 16, feed pipe; 17, liquid outlet pipe; 18, guide plate; 19, sliding seat; 20, ring body; 21, connecting rod; 22, cross arm; 23, cylinder; 2301, fixing piece; 24 , piston disc; 25, column; 2501, driving column; 26, first cylindrical spring; 27, driven plate; 2701, through slot; 28, telescopic plate; 29, assembly plate; 2901, mounting slot; 30, guide column; 31, slider; 3101, limiting column; 32, second cylindrical spring; 33, limiting plate; 3301, first transverse slot; 3302, second transverse slot; 3303, vertical slot; 3304, third transverse slot; 3305, inclined slot; 36, movable sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In addition, when an element in the present invention is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0031] See also Figure 1-Figure 11 In an embodiment of the present invention, a pressure-adaptive filter cake back-blowing candle filter comprises a cylinder 1 and a partition plate 2 fixedly arranged in the cylinder 1, wherein the partition plate 2 separates the cylinder 1 into a filter chamber and an installation chamber; The pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter also includes: A filter assembly is installed on the partition plate 2 and is located in the filter chamber, comprising a plurality of filter elements 3 equidistantly arranged on the partition plate 2 along the circumference and a filter cloth 4 sleeved on the filter element 3 (the filter cloth 4 is tightened on the filter element 3 by a tightening belt 5), and the liquid to be filtered is passed into the filter chamber, and the clear liquid can enter the filter element 3 through the filter cloth 4; A delivery pipeline and a two-way delivery pipeline, both of which are arranged on the cylinder 1 and connected, and have a first delivery form and a second delivery form. The first delivery form is that the delivery pipeline delivers the liquid to be filtered into the filter chamber, and the two-way delivery pipeline is used to discharge the clear liquid in the filter element 3. The second delivery form is that the delivery pipeline pumps liquid into the filter element 3 through the two-way delivery pipeline, so that the liquid impacts the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4. The real-time monitoring mechanism is provided with two groups on the partition plate 2 and is located in the installation chamber. The real-time monitoring mechanism is connected to a form switching mechanism. When the thickness of the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4 reaches a preset value, the real-time monitoring mechanism prompts the form switching mechanism to be triggered. The form switching mechanism can switch the first transmission form of the conveying pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline to the second transmission form.

[0032] Specifically, further speaking, the preset value, that is, the thickness of the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4 reaches the upper limit, the clear liquid is difficult or unable to enter the filter element 3, and cleaning is required. During operation, in order to ensure that the filtering work can continue smoothly, when the thickness of the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4 reaches the preset value, the real-time monitoring mechanism prompts the form switching mechanism to be triggered, and the delivery pipeline and the two-way transmission pipeline quickly switch the transmission mode, that is, the delivery pipeline can pump liquid into the filter element 3 through the two-way transmission pipeline, so that the liquid impacts and removes the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4, thereby avoiding the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4 being too thick and causing the filtration to be unable to continue normally.

[0033] Please refer again Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The conveying pipeline includes a feed pipe 16 installed on the cylinder 1 and connected to the filter chamber, and a first ball shell 6 fixedly connected to the feed pipe 16. A first ball 10 is movably provided in the first ball shell 6. The outer wall of the first ball 10 is sealed and slidably fitted with the inner wall of the first ball shell 6. A first control pipe 9 is also rotatably installed on the cylinder 1. A feed pipe 8 is also fixedly provided on the cylinder 1. The feed pipe 8 is sealed and rotatably connected with the first control pipe 9. The first control pipe 9 extends into the first ball shell 6 and is fixed to the first ball 10. The first ball shell 6 is connected to a second ball shell 7 fixedly provided on the cylinder 1 through a conduit 15. A first "L"-shaped channel is provided in the first ball 10 to enable the first control pipe 9 to communicate with the feed pipe 16 or the conduit 15. The first control pipe 9 is connected to the form switching mechanism.

[0034] During the working process, each filter cake layer that is removed by impact will be deposited at the bottom of the cylinder 1. For this purpose, a detachable end cover is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 1 to facilitate regular opening of the cover for maintenance by the staff. In order to avoid the liquid entering the filter chamber during the working process from causing a large impact disturbance on the sediment, the feed pipe 16 can transport the liquid obliquely upward along the inner wall of the cylinder 1, so that the liquid is transported upward along the spiral in the cylinder 1, thereby reducing the impact disturbance on the sediment.

[0035] The bidirectional transmission pipeline includes a connecting pipe 13 fixed on the cylinder 1 and connected to the multiple filter elements 3 through multiple branch pipes 14. The end of the connecting pipe 13 away from the branch pipe 14 is sealed and rotatably connected to the second control pipe 11. The second control pipe 11 is fixedly connected to a second sphere 12 movably arranged in the second spherical shell 7; the second control pipe 11 is connected to the form switching mechanism, and the second spherical shell 7 is also connected to a liquid outlet pipe 17. The second sphere 12 is provided with a second "L"-shaped channel that enables the second control pipe 11 to communicate with the liquid outlet pipe 17 or the conduit 15.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the specific implementation, the feed pipe 8 is connected to an external liquid pump, and the liquid pump is used to pump the liquid to be filtered. The liquid outlet pipe 17 is connected to an external clear liquid collection container. During the working process, the liquid pump continuously pumps the liquid to be filtered. To expand on this, Figure 8 For example, at this time, the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline are in the first transmission form, the two ends of the first "L"-shaped channel correspond to the first control pipe 9 and the feed pipe 16 respectively, and the two ends of the second "L"-shaped channel correspond to the second control pipe 11 and the liquid outlet pipe 17 respectively. The liquid to be filtered enters the filter chamber through the feed pipe 8, the first control pipe 9, the first "L"-shaped channel and the feed pipe 16, and the clear liquid can enter the filter element 3, and is guided to the external clear liquid collection container through the branch pipe 14, the connecting pipe 13, the second control pipe 11, the second "L"-shaped channel and the liquid outlet pipe 17; As the working time increases, the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4 gradually increases. When the thickness of the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4 reaches a preset value, the real-time monitoring mechanism triggers the form switching mechanism to switch the conveying pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline from the first transmission form to the second transmission form. The form switching mechanism can cause the first control tube 9 and the second control tube 11 to rotate. The first control tube 9 drives the first sphere 10 to rotate half a circle, and the second control tube 11 drives the second sphere 12 to rotate half a circle. The first "L"-shaped channel and the second "L"-shaped channel both turn around, and then the first " The two ends of the "L"-shaped channel correspond to the first control tube 9 and the conduit 15 respectively, and the two ends of the second "L"-shaped channel correspond to the second control tube 11 and the conduit 15 respectively. Then, the liquid to be filtered will be pumped into multiple filter elements 3 through the feed pipe 8, the first control tube 9, the first "L"-shaped channel, the conduit 15, the second "L"-shaped channel, the second control tube 11, the connecting tube 13 and the multiple branch tubes 14, impacting the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4 to achieve a self-cleaning function. Then, the delivery pipeline and the two-way transmission pipeline are switched from the second transmission mode back to the first transmission mode to continue the filtering process.

[0037] Please refer again Figure 7 and Fig.10 The real-time monitoring mechanism comprises a cylinder 23 fixed on the partition plate 2 and connected at both ends, a piston plate 24 sealingly and slidably arranged in the cylinder 23, and a column 25 fixed on the piston plate 24. A fixing part 2301 is also fixed on the cylinder 23. The column 25 penetrates the fixing part 2301 and is slidably connected to the fixing part 2301. A first cylindrical spring 26 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the column 25. The two ends of the first cylindrical spring 26 are respectively connected to the piston plate 24 and the fixing part 2301. A driving column 2501 is fixed to the end of the column 25 away from the piston plate 24. The driving column 2501 is connected to the form switching mechanism.

[0038] During operation, when the thickness of the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4 gradually increases, it is difficult for the clear liquid to pass through the filter cloth 4 into the filter element 3. Therefore, as the pressure in the filter chamber increases, the piston disc 24 will move upward in the cylinder 23, and accordingly, the first cylindrical spring 26 is compressed, and the height of the driving column 2501 gradually increases; after the filter cake layer is dispersed, the clear liquid can enter the filter element 3. At this time, the first cylindrical spring 26 will rebound quickly, so that the delivery pipeline and the two-way transmission pipeline will switch from the second transmission mode back to the first transmission mode to continue the filtering process.

[0039] It should be emphasized that when the delivery pipeline and the two-way transmission pipeline are in the second transmission mode, the liquid to be filtered will enter the filter element 3 to disperse the filter cake layer. Then, due to the rapid rebound process of the first cylindrical spring 26, the second transmission mode of the delivery pipeline and the two-way transmission pipeline is maintained for a short time, that is, less liquid to be filtered enters the filter element 3. With the long-term operation of the filter, the impact on the overall filtering effect can be ignored.

[0040] The form switching mechanism includes a telescopic plate 28 slidably disposed on the cylinder 1 and capable of moving radially along the cylinder 1, the telescopic plate 28 is fixedly connected to a driven plate 27, a through slot 2701 adapted to the driving column 2501 is obliquely disposed on the driven plate 27, the driving column 2501 extends into the through slot 2701 and is slidably connected to the driven plate 27. An assembly plate 29 is fixedly connected to one end of the driven plate 27 away from the driven plate 27, an elastic trigger structure is provided on the assembly plate 29, and the elastic trigger structure is respectively connected to the first control tube 9 and the second control tube 11 through a transmission assembly.

[0041] As the piston disc 24 rises in the cylinder 23, the driving column 2501 will slide with the driven plate 27 through the through groove 2701, and the driven plate 27 will give way, causing the telescopic plate 28 to slide toward the outside of the cylinder 1. When the driving column 2501 reaches the end point of the through groove 2701, the elastic trigger structure triggers the movement, causing the transmission assembly to drive the first control tube 9 and the second control tube 11 to rotate, and the first "L"-shaped channel and the second "L"-shaped channel change direction, so that the delivery pipeline and the two-way transmission pipeline switch from the first transmission mode to the second transmission mode.

[0042] The assembly plate 29 is provided with a mounting groove 2901, and the elastic trigger structure includes a slider 31 slidably arranged in the mounting groove 2901, and the slider 31 is slidably connected to the guide column 30 fixed in the mounting groove 2901, and the outer periphery of the guide column 30 is also sleeved with a second cylindrical spring 32, and the two ends of the second cylindrical spring 32 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove 2901 and the slider 31, and the slider 31 is connected to the transmission assembly. A limiting column 3101 is fixed on the slider 31, and a limiting plate 33 is fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder 1. The limiting plate 33 is provided with a groove body adapted to the limiting column 3101, and the limiting column 3101 extends into the groove body and is slidably connected to the limiting plate 33.

[0043] Please refer again Fig.11The groove body includes a first transverse groove 3301, a second transverse groove 3302, a vertical groove 3303, a third transverse groove 3304 and an inclined groove 3305 which are connected to each other. The inclined groove 3305 is connected to the first transverse groove 3301 and the second transverse groove 3302. A movable piece 36 is rotatably installed on the limiting plate 33. The rotating shaft of the movable piece 36 is connected to a torsion spring. The movable piece 36 is located at one end of the inclined groove 3305 away from the third transverse groove 3304.

[0044] by Fig.11 As an example, at this time, the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline are in the first transmission mode, and the limiting column 3101 is located at the end of the first transverse groove 3301 away from the second transverse groove 3302; During the radial movement of the assembly plate 29 driven by the telescopic plate 28 along the cylinder 1, the movable sheet 36 cannot swing toward the inclined groove 3305. Therefore, under the limiting action of the movable sheet 36, the limiting column 3101 will pass through the first transverse groove 3301 and the second transverse groove 3302 in sequence. When the limiting column 3101 reaches the connection between the second transverse groove 3302 and the vertical groove 3303, the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4 has reached the preset value. Therefore, the second cylindrical spring 32 rebounds, the slider 31 drives the limiting column 3101 to quickly reach the connection between the vertical groove 3303 and the third transverse groove 3304. When the slider 31 moves downward in the installation groove 2901, it drives the first control pipe 9 and the second control pipe 11 to rotate half a circle through the transmission component, and the first "L"-shaped channel and the second "L"-shaped channel reverse directions, so that the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline quickly switch from the first transmission mode to the second transmission mode; After the filter cake layer is washed away, the clear liquid can enter the filter element 3. At this time, the first cylindrical spring 26 will rebound quickly. Accordingly, the telescopic plate 28 will quickly retract into the cylinder 1. The limiting column 3101 passes through the third transverse groove 3304, the inclined groove 3305 and the first transverse groove 3301, and is reset to the end of the first transverse groove 3301 away from the second transverse groove 3302 (the elastic potential energy of the first cylindrical spring 26 is greater than the elastic potential energy of the second cylindrical spring 32, and when the limiting column 3101 moves in the inclined groove 3305 toward the first transverse groove 3301, it will cause the movable sheet 36 to move toward The second transverse groove 3302 deflects, and after the limit column 3101 is separated from the movable sheet 36, the movable sheet 36 swings back again under the rebound action of the torsion spring). When the limit column 3101 moves along the inclined groove 3305, it slides with the limit plate 33, so that the limit column 3101 drives the slider 31 to give way, and the slider 31 rises to restore to the initial height in the installation groove 2901, and at the same time prompts the transmission assembly to drive the first control tube 9 and the second control tube 11 to rotate half a circle in the opposite direction, and the conveying pipeline and the two-way transmission pipeline are switched from the second transmission mode to the first transmission mode.

[0045] Please refer again Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 as well as Fig. 9 The transmission assembly includes a guide plate 18 fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder 1, a sliding seat 19 slidably arranged on the guide plate 18, and a cross arm 22 fixed on the side of the sliding seat 19, the cross arm 22 is slidably connected to the slider 31, and a ring body 20 is provided on each sliding sleeve of the first control tube 9 and the second control tube 11, and the outer walls of the first control tube 9 and the second control tube 11 are provided with a spiral groove. A convex column adapted to the groove is fixed on the ring body 20, and the convex column extends into the groove. The two ring bodies 20 are connected to the sliding seat 19 through a connecting rod 21, and the two ends of the connecting rod 21 are respectively hinged to the sliding seat 19 and the ring body 20. When the two ring bodies 20 slide along the axial direction of the first control tube 9 and the second control tube 11, the convex column can cause the first control tube 9 and the second control tube 11 to rotate through the groove.

[0046] Furthermore, in the process that the telescopic plate 28 drives the assembly plate 29 to move radially along the cylinder 1, the slider 31 slides on the cross arm 22. When the second column spring 32 rebounds, the slider 31 drives the sliding seat 19 to slide downward on the guide plate 18 through the cross arm 22. Accordingly, the sliding seat 19 pushes the ring body 20 on the first control tube 9 to slide toward the feeding tube 8 on the first control tube 9 through the connecting rod 21. At the same time, the sliding seat 19 pulls the ring body 20 on the second control tube 11 to slide away from the second spherical shell 7 on the second control tube 11 through another connecting rod 21. Then, under the cooperation of the convex column and the groove, the first control tube 9 and the second control tube 11 rotate half a circle, and the first "L"-shaped channel and the second "L"-shaped channel reverse directions, so that the conveying pipeline and the two-way transmission pipeline switch from the first transmission mode to the second transmission mode. On the contrary, the first cylindrical spring 26 rebounds to reset the components. With the cooperation of the protrusion and the groove, the first control tube 9 and the second control tube 11 reverse half a circle and reset, and the delivery pipeline and the two-way transmission pipeline switch from the second transmission mode back to the first transmission mode.

[0047] As another embodiment of the present invention, a filtering method is also proposed, using the pressure adaptive filter cake backblowing candle filter; The delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline are in the first transmission mode. The delivery pipeline delivers the liquid to be filtered into the filter chamber, and the clear liquid enters the filter element 3 through the filter cloth 4 and is discharged through the bidirectional transmission pipeline. When the accumulated amount of the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4 reaches a preset value, the real-time monitoring mechanism triggers the mode switching mechanism, and the mode switching mechanism can switch the first transmission mode of the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline to the second transmission mode, and the delivery pipeline pumps liquid into the filter element 3 through the bidirectional transmission pipeline, so that the liquid impacts the filter cake layer on the filter cloth 4; After the impact is completed, the real-time monitoring mechanism prompts the mode switching mechanism to reset, and the second transmission mode of the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline is switched back to the first transmission mode.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0049] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter, comprising a cylinder (1) and a partition plate (2) fixedly arranged in the cylinder (1), wherein the partition plate (2) divides the cylinder (1) into a filter chamber and a mounting chamber; It is characterized in that Also includes: A filter assembly, mounted on the partition plate (2) and located in the filter chamber, comprising a plurality of filter elements (3) equidistantly arranged on the partition plate (2) along a circumference and a filter cloth (4) sleeved on the filter element (3), wherein the liquid to be filtered is passed into the filter chamber, and the clear liquid can enter the filter element (3) through the filter cloth (4); a delivery pipeline and a bidirectional transmission pipeline, both of which are arranged on the cylinder (1) and connected, and have a first transmission form and a second transmission form, wherein the first transmission form is that the delivery pipeline delivers the liquid to be filtered into the filter chamber, and the bidirectional transmission pipeline is used to discharge the clear liquid in the filter element (3), and the second transmission form is that the delivery pipeline pumps the liquid into the filter element (3) through the bidirectional transmission pipeline, so that the liquid impacts the filter cake layer on the filter cloth (4); The real-time monitoring mechanism is provided with two groups on the partition plate (2) and is located in the installation chamber. The real-time monitoring mechanism is connected to a mode switching mechanism. When the thickness of the filter cake layer on the filter cloth (4) reaches a preset value, the real-time monitoring mechanism prompts the mode switching mechanism to be triggered. The mode switching mechanism can switch the first transmission mode of the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline to the second transmission mode.

2. A pressure-adaptive cake backflush candle filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying pipeline comprises a feed pipe (16) mounted on the cylinder (1) and connected to the filter chamber, and a first spherical shell (6) fixedly connected to the feed pipe (16); a first spherical body (10) is movably arranged in the first spherical shell (6); the outer wall of the first spherical body (10) is sealingly and slidably fitted with the inner wall of the first spherical shell (6); a first control pipe (9) is rotatably mounted on the cylinder (1); and a feed pipe (8) is fixedly arranged on the cylinder (1); The feed pipe (8) is connected to the first control pipe (9) in a sealed and rotatable manner; the first control pipe (9) extends into the first ball shell (6) and is fixed to the first ball body (10); the first ball shell (6) is connected to a second ball shell (7) fixed to the cylinder (1) via a conduit (15); a first "L"-shaped channel is provided in the first ball body (10) for connecting the first control pipe (9) to the feed pipe (16) or the conduit (15); and the first control pipe (9) is connected to the form switching mechanism.

3. A pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bidirectional transmission pipeline comprises a connecting pipe (13) fixed on the cylinder (1) and connected to the plurality of filter elements (3) via a plurality of branch pipes (14); one end of the connecting pipe (13) away from the branch pipes (14) is sealingly and rotatably connected to a second control pipe (11); the second control pipe (11) is fixedly connected to a second sphere (12) movably arranged in the second sphere shell (7); The second control tube (11) is connected to the form switching mechanism, the second spherical shell (7) is also connected to a liquid outlet tube (17), and the second spherical body (12) is provided with a second "L"-shaped channel capable of connecting the second control tube (11) with the liquid outlet tube (17) or the conduit (15).

4. A pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring mechanism comprises a cylinder (23) fixed on the partition plate (2) and having two ends connected, a piston plate (24) sealingly and slidably arranged in the cylinder (23), and a column (25) fixed on the piston plate (24); a fixing member (2301) is also fixed on the cylinder (23); and the column (25) penetrates the fixing member (2301) and is slidably connected to the fixing member (2301); The outer periphery of the column (25) is provided with a first cylindrical spring (26), the two ends of the first cylindrical spring (26) are respectively connected to the piston disc (24) and the fixing member (2301), and a driving column (2501) is fixed to one end of the column (25) away from the piston disc (24), and the driving column (2501) is connected to the form switching mechanism.

5. A pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The form switching mechanism comprises a telescopic plate (28) slidably arranged on the cylinder (1) and capable of moving radially along the cylinder (1); the telescopic plate (28) is fixedly connected to a driven plate (27); a through groove (2701) adapted to the driving column (2501) is obliquely arranged on the driven plate (27); the driving column (2501) extends into the through groove (2701) and is slidably connected to the driven plate (27); One end of the driven plate (27) away from the driven plate (27) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (29), and an elastic trigger structure is provided on the mounting plate (29), and the elastic trigger structure is respectively connected to the first control tube (9) and the second control tube (11) through a transmission assembly.

6. A pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The assembly plate (29) is provided with a mounting groove (2901), the elastic trigger structure comprises a slider (31) slidably arranged in the mounting groove (2901), the slider (31) is slidably connected to a guide column (30) fixed in the mounting groove (2901), and a second cylindrical spring (32) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide column (30), two ends of the second cylindrical spring (32) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove (2901) and the slider (31), and the slider (31) is connected to the transmission assembly; A limiting column (3101) is fixed on the sliding block (31), a limiting plate (33) is fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder (1), a groove body adapted to the limiting column (3101) is provided on the limiting plate (33), and the limiting column (3101) extends into the groove body and is slidably connected to the limiting plate (33).

7. A pressure-adaptive cake backflush candle filter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The groove body comprises a first transverse groove (3301), a second transverse groove (3302), a vertical groove (3303), a third transverse groove (3304) and an inclined groove (3305) which are connected to each other; the inclined groove (3305) is connected to the first transverse groove (3301) and the second transverse groove (3302); and a movable plate (36) is rotatably mounted on the limiting plate (33); a rotating shaft of the movable plate (36) is connected to a torsion spring; and the movable plate (36) is located at one end of the inclined groove (3305) away from the third transverse groove (3304).

8. A pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission assembly comprises a guide plate (18) fixed on the outer wall of the cylinder (1), a sliding seat (19) slidably arranged on the guide plate (18), and a cross arm (22) fixed on the side of the sliding seat (19), the cross arm (22) being slidably connected to the slider (31), each sliding sleeve on the first control tube (9) and the second control tube (11) being provided with a ring body (20), and the outer walls of the first control tube (9) and the second control tube (11) are both provided with a spirally arranged groove.

9. A pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter according to claim 8, characterized in that: A convex column adapted to the groove is fixed on the ring body (20), and the convex column extends into the groove. The two ring bodies (20) are connected to the sliding seat (19) via a connecting rod (21), and the two ends of the connecting rod (21) are respectively hinged to the sliding seat (19) and the ring body (20). When the two ring bodies (20) slide along the axial direction of the first control tube (9) and the second control tube (11), the convex column can cause the first control tube (9) and the second control tube (11) to rotate through the groove.

10. A filtering method using the pressure-adaptive filter cake backflush candle filter according to claim 1, characterized in that ； The delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline are in a first transmission mode, the delivery pipeline delivers the liquid to be filtered into the filter chamber, the clear liquid passes through the filter cloth (4) into the filter element (3), and is discharged through the bidirectional transmission pipeline; When the amount of filter cake accumulated on the filter cloth (4) reaches a preset value, the real-time monitoring mechanism triggers the mode switching mechanism, and the mode switching mechanism can switch the first transmission mode of the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline to the second transmission mode, and the delivery pipeline pumps liquid into the filter element (3) through the bidirectional transmission pipeline, so that the liquid impacts the filter cake layer on the filter cloth (4); After the impact is completed, the real-time monitoring mechanism prompts the mode switching mechanism to reset, and the second transmission mode of the delivery pipeline and the bidirectional transmission pipeline is switched back to the first transmission mode.

Images