Water-hydrogen exchange system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange, and provides a water-hydrogen exchange system which comprises an enrichment water path, a deuterium-enriched water output water path and a plurality of cascaded double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices, and each double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device comprises a first exchange unit, a second exchange unit, an intra-stage water path and a first heater. The in-stage water path is provided with a shunting node; the first exchange unit is subjected to water-hydrogen exchange reaction to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water; the second exchange unit is subjected to a water-hydrogen reaction to generate deuterium-rich hydrogen and depleted water; the in-stage waterway is communicated with a water outlet of the first exchange unit and a water inlet of the second exchange unit; the first heater is arranged in the in-stage water path and is positioned at the downstream of the shunting node; the enrichment water path is communicated with the shunting node of the stage inner water path of the previous stage and the water inlet of the first exchange unit of the next stage; and the deuterium-rich water outlet waterway is communicated with the shunting node of the last stage of in-stage waterway. The deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich aquatic product can be improved by cascading a plurality of double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange, and in particular to a water-hydrogen exchange system. Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context for the embodiments of the present application. The description herein should not be considered as an admission that it is prior art by inclusion in this section.

[0003] Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydrogen. It exists in natural water in the form of HDO with an abundance of about 0.015%. Deuterium-enriched water is a type of water with a deuterium abundance much higher than that of natural water, and it has important uses in different fields. For example, deuterium-enriched water has a strong neutron moderation ability and a small neutron absorption interface. High-purity deuterium-enriched water can be used as a moderator and coolant for heavy water reactors. For another example, deuterium-enriched water can be used to prepare deuterated drugs, which are slowly metabolized in human tissues and can also be used as tracers. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a reliable deuterium-enriched water production technology route and an effective deuterium-enriched water supply guarantee system to achieve a long-term supply of deuterium-enriched water.

[0004] In the related technology, double-temperature water hydrogen exchange technology is used to produce deuterium-enriched water. The double-temperature water hydrogen exchange technology utilizes the characteristic that the separation factor of hydrogen isotopes decreases with increasing temperature. The technology realizes the enrichment of deuterium in aqueous solution through low-temperature water hydrogen exchange and high-temperature water hydrogen exchange. Therefore, providing a device that can effectively utilize the double-temperature water hydrogen exchange technology has become one of the keys to producing deuterium-enriched water. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application hope to provide a water hydrogen exchange system capable of producing deuterium-enriched water products.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a water-hydrogen exchange system, the water-hydrogen exchange system comprising an enrichment waterway, a deuterium-enriched water production waterway, and a plurality of cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device comprising a first exchange unit, a second exchange unit, an intra-stage waterway, and a first heater, the intra-stage waterway having a diversion node;

[0007] The first exchange unit undergoes a water-hydrogen exchange reaction to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water; the second exchange unit undergoes a water-hydrogen reaction to generate deuterium-enriched hydrogen and depleted water; the intra-stage waterway connects the water outlet of the first exchange unit and the water inlet of the second exchange unit; the first heater is disposed in the intra-stage waterway and is located downstream of the diversion node;

[0008] The enrichment waterway is connected to the diversion node of the intra-stage waterway of the previous stage and the water inlet of the first exchange unit of the next stage; the deuterium-enriched water output waterway is connected to the diversion node of the intra-stage waterway of the last stage.

[0009] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device comprises:

[0010] A liquid pump is arranged in the water channel within the stage, and the liquid pump is located downstream of the first heater.

[0011] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device comprises:

[0012] An intra-stage air path connecting an air inlet of the first exchange unit and an air outlet of the second exchange unit;

[0013] A condenser is arranged in the gas path within the stage, and the condenser is used to condense water vapor in the gas path within the stage;

[0014] The second heater is arranged in the gas path within the stage, and the second heater is located downstream of the condenser.

[0015] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device includes a condensation water circuit, one end of which is connected to the condenser, and the other end of which is connected to the pipe section of the intra-stage water circuit located between the diversion node and the first heater.

[0016] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device comprises:

[0017] A circulating gas path, connecting the gas outlet of the first exchange unit and the gas inlet of the second exchange unit;

[0018] A circulation pump is arranged in the circulation gas circuit.

[0019] In some embodiments, the water-hydrogen exchange system includes a plurality of hydrogen sources, each of the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices corresponds to one hydrogen source, and the hydrogen source is connected to the air inlet of the second exchange unit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the water-hydrogen exchange system includes a circulating water circuit, and the circulating water circuit is connected to the water outlet of the second exchange unit of the next stage and the first heater of the previous stage.

[0021] In some embodiments, the water hydrogen exchange system includes a water source, and the water source is connected to the water inlet of the first exchange unit at the initial stage.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first exchange unit and the second exchange unit both have a catalytic exchange column, wherein the catalytic exchange column comprises a column body, a hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst, and the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic catalyst fill a reaction chamber in the column body.

[0023] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the cylinder is 50 mm to 200 mm; and / or,

[0024] The height of the column is 4000 mm to 15000 mm.

[0025] In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit is 50° C. to 80° C.; and / or,

[0026] The reaction temperature of the second exchange unit is 150°C to 220°C.

[0027] In some embodiments, the pressure of the first exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa; and / or,

[0028] The pressure of the second exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

[0029] In some embodiments, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water product discharged from the deuterium-enriched water production waterway is 50% to 99.8%.

[0030] The water-hydrogen exchange system provided in the embodiment of the present application is cascaded through multiple dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices, and uses the enriched water path to use the deuterium-enriched water of the previous stage as the raw water of the first exchange unit of the next stage, which can not only continuously improve the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water product in the deuterium-enriched water output water path, but also reduce the scale and size of a single dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device for easy processing and manufacturing. The first heater can preheat the fluid in the water path within the stage, such as deuterium-enriched water, to improve production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the water-hydrogen exchange system of some embodiments of the present application, wherein the solid arrows schematically represent the flow path of the water liquid, and the dotted arrows schematically represent the flow path of the hydrogen gas;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0033] Description of Reference Numerals

[0034] 1. Enriched waterways;

[0035] 2. Deuterium-enriched water production waterway;

[0036] 3. Dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device; 31. First exchange unit; 32. Second exchange unit; 33. Water path in the stage; 331. Diversion node; 34. First heater; 35. Liquid pump; 36. Gas path in the stage; 37. Condenser; 38. Second heater; 39. Condensation water path; 301. Circulation gas path; 302. Circulation pump;

[0037] 4. Hydrogen source;

[0038] 5. Circulating water circuit;

[0039] 6. Water source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following is a further detailed description of the implementation of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0041] The various specific technical features and embodiments described in the specific implementation methods can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. For example, different implementation methods can be formed by combining different specific technical features / embodiments. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of the specific technical features / embodiments in this application are no longer described separately. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that the term "multiple" in the embodiments of the present application includes two and more than two. The unit "mm" is millimeter. The unit "L / min" is liter per minute. The unit "Nm 3 / h" is cubic meters per hour under standard conditions, N represents standard conditions, and standard conditions refer to the state where the pressure is standard atmospheric pressure and the temperature is 0°C. The unit "°C" is degrees Celsius. The unit "MPa" is megapascal.

[0043] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 An embodiment of the present application provides a water-hydrogen exchange system, which includes an enrichment water path 1, a deuterium-enriched water output water path 2, and a plurality of cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3.

[0044] A plurality of cascaded dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3 means that a plurality of dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3 are connected in sequence, and at least one product of the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 of the previous stage is used as a reactant of the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 of the next stage.

[0045] The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a first exchange unit 31 , a second exchange unit 32 , an intra-stage water path 33 and a first heater 34 . The intra-stage water path 33 has a flow diversion node 331 .

[0046] The first exchange unit 31 undergoes a water-hydrogen exchange reaction to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water. The second exchange unit 32 undergoes a water-hydrogen reaction to generate deuterium-enriched hydrogen and depleted water. The intra-stage waterway 33 connects the water outlet of the first exchange unit 31 and the water inlet of the second exchange unit 32. The first heater 34 is disposed in the intra-stage waterway 33 and is located downstream of the diversion node 331.

[0047] Specifically, the raw water and the deuterium-enriched hydrogen react to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water in the first exchange unit 31. The raw water and the deuterium-enriched hydrogen undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water in the first exchange unit 31. The first exchange unit 31 realizes the enrichment of deuterium elements in the water liquid.

[0048] Specifically, the raw hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water react to generate deuterium-enriched hydrogen and depleted water in the second exchange unit 32. The hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction to generate depleted water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen in the second exchange unit 32. The second exchange unit 32 realizes the transfer of deuterium elements to the gas phase.

[0049] Deuterium-enriched hydrogen gas and deuterium-enriched water may be reactants and products of the first exchange unit 31 and the second exchange unit 32 .

[0050] Depleted hydrogen refers to hydrogen that has had some deuterium removed.

[0051] Deuterium-enriched water refers to water that is enriched with deuterium.

[0052] Depleted water refers to water from which some deuterium has been removed.

[0053] Deuterium-enriched hydrogen refers to hydrogen that is partially enriched with deuterium.

[0054] The enrichment waterway 1 is connected to the branch node 331 of the intra-stage waterway 33 of the previous stage and the water inlet of the first exchange unit 31 of the next stage; the deuterium-enriched water output waterway 2 is connected to the branch node 331 of the intra-stage waterway 33 of the last stage.

[0055] Each dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a first exchange unit 31 , a second exchange unit 32 and an intra-stage water path 33 .

[0056] The water outlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to discharge the water liquid generated by the first exchange unit 31 . For example, the water outlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to discharge the deuterium-enriched water generated by the first exchange unit 31 .

[0057] The water inlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to transport raw water into the first exchange unit 31 . For example, the water inlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to transport water from the water source 6 or deuterium-enriched water into the first exchange unit 31 .

[0058] The water inlet of the second exchange unit 32 is used to transport deuterium-enriched water into the second exchange unit 32 .

[0059] The flow splitting node 331 can divide the deuterium-enriched water output from the water outlet of the first exchange unit 31 into multiple portions for separate transmission.

[0060] The intra-stage water path 33 connects the water outlet of the first exchange unit 31 and the water inlet of the second exchange unit 32, which means that in the single dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3, the intra-stage water path 33 diverts part of the deuterium-enriched water generated by the first exchange unit 31 into the second exchange unit 32 as a reactant, that is, the deuterium-enriched water in the second exchange unit 32 comes from the first exchange unit 31.

[0061] The enriched water path 1 connects the branching node 331 of the intra-stage water path 33 of the previous stage and the water inlet of the first exchange unit 31 of the next stage, which means that the enriched water path 1 connects the branching node 331 of the adjacent two-stage dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 and the water inlet of the first exchange unit 31. In the cascaded multiple dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3, the enriched water path 1 diverts part of the deuterium-enriched water generated by the first exchange unit 31 of the previous stage into the first exchange unit 31 of the next stage as a reactant, and part of the deuterium-enriched water generated by the first exchange unit 31 of the previous stage is used as raw water for the first exchange unit 31 of the next stage.

[0062] The deuterium-rich water output water path 2 is connected to the diversion node 331 of the intra-stage water path 33 of the last stage, which means that part of the deuterium-rich water produced by the first water-hydrogen exchange unit of the last stage is discharged as a deuterium-rich water product through the deuterium-rich water output water path 2 and no longer participates in the exchange reaction.

[0063] The first heater 34 can provide heat energy for heating the fluid flowing through the intra-stage water channel 33. For example, the first heater 34 can heat the fluid in the intra-stage water channel 33, such as deuterium-enriched water, to the reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32.

[0064] In a single dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 , the deuterium-enriched water produced by the first exchange unit 31 can be used as a reactant of the second exchange unit 32 , and the deuterium-enriched hydrogen produced by the second exchange unit 32 can be used as a reactant of the first exchange unit 31 .

[0065] It should be noted that the reaction temperatures of the first exchange unit 31 and the second exchange unit 32 are different. Specifically, the reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32 is higher than the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31 .

[0066] The single dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 utilizes the change of the separation factor of hydrogen isotopes with temperature. The raw water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first exchange unit 31 to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water. In the first exchange unit 31, the deuterium element is enriched from the gas phase to the liquid phase. The raw hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the second exchange unit 32 to generate depleted water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen. In the second exchange unit 32, the deuterium element is transferred from the liquid phase to the gas phase. In this way, the cycle is repeated, and the single dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 continuously produces deuterium-enriched water.

[0067] By cascading multiple dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3, the deuterium-enriched water of the previous stage is used as the raw water of the first exchange unit 31 of the next stage by utilizing the enrichment water path 1, so as to continuously improve the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water product in the deuterium-enriched water output water path 2.

[0068] The water-hydrogen exchange system provided in the embodiment of the present application is cascaded through multiple dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3, and uses the enrichment water path 1 to use the deuterium-enriched water of the previous stage as the raw water of the first exchange unit 31 of the next stage, which can not only continuously improve the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water product in the deuterium-enriched water output water path 2, but also reduce the scale and size of a single dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 for easy processing and manufacturing. The first heater 34 can preheat the fluid in the water path 33 in the stage, such as deuterium-enriched water, to improve production efficiency.

[0069] It can be understood that depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched hydrogen are in terms of reactants and products, and depleted water and deuterium-enriched water are in terms of reactants and products. Taking the first exchange unit 31 as an example, the reactant hydrogen in the first exchange unit 31 removes part of the deuterium element to generate depleted hydrogen, and the reactant water liquid in the first exchange unit 31 is enriched with deuterium elements to generate deuterium-enriched water as a product. The deuterium-enriched water as a product is deuterium-enriched water relative to the reactant water liquid, and the depleted hydrogen as a product is depleted hydrogen relative to the reactant hydrogen. Taking the second exchange unit 32 as an example, the reactant water in the second exchange unit 32 removes part of the deuterium element to generate depleted water, and the reactant hydrogen in the second exchange unit 32 is enriched with deuterium elements to generate deuterium-enriched hydrogen. The deuterium-enriched hydrogen as a product is deuterium-enriched hydrogen relative to the reactant hydrogen, and the depleted water as a product is depleted water relative to the reactant water. The deuterium abundance of the depleted water generated by the second exchange unit 32 of the next stage may be higher than the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water generated by the first exchange unit 31 of the previous stage.

[0070] It should be noted that the next level is relative to the previous level, and the next level dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 includes the next level first exchange unit 31, the next level second exchange unit 32, and the next level inner waterway 33, etc. The previous level dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 includes the previous level first exchange unit 31, the previous level second exchange unit 32, and the previous level inner waterway 33, etc. The previous level and the next level are used to distinguish multiple cascaded dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3 and their structural parts.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first heater 34 may be a device that converts electrical energy into thermal energy. For example, the first heater 34 includes, but is not limited to, a resistive heater or a PTC heater, etc. A PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater is a positive temperature coefficient heater.

[0072] The specific structure of the first heater 34 is not limited. As an example, the first heater 34 may include a first chamber and a first heating element. The first chamber is connected to the intra-stage water path 33. The first heating element is used to heat the fluid flowing through the first chamber, such as deuterium-enriched water.

[0073] For some examples, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a liquid pump 35 , which is disposed in the intra-stage water channel 33 , and the liquid pump 35 is located downstream of the first heater 34 .

[0074] Specifically, the liquid pump 35 is located downstream of the first heater 34 along the direction of fluid flow in the intra-stage water channel 33 .

[0075] The deuterium-enriched water in the intra-stage water path 33 first flows through the first heater 34 and then flows through the liquid pump 35 .

[0076] In this embodiment, the liquid pump 35 is used to drive the flow of the fluid in the intra-stage water channel 33, and can control the flow rate of the fluid in the intra-stage water channel 33, thereby controlling the reaction rate.

[0077] The flow rate of the liquid pump 35 may be 4 L / min to 12 L / min. Exemplarily, the flow rate of the liquid pump 35 may be 4 L / min, 5 L / min, 8 L / min, 10 L / min, 11 L / min or 12 L / min, etc.

[0078] The type of the liquid pump 35 is not limited. By way of example, the liquid pump 35 includes but is not limited to a peristaltic pump.

[0079] For some examples, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 includes an intra-stage gas path 36 , a condenser 37 and a second heater 38 .

[0080] The intra-stage gas path 36 is connected to the air inlet of the first exchange unit 31 and the air outlet of the second exchange unit 32. The condenser 37 is arranged in the intra-stage gas path 36, and the condenser 37 is used to condense the water vapor in the intra-stage gas path 36. The second heater 38 is arranged in the intra-stage gas path 36, and the second heater 38 is located downstream of the condenser 37.

[0081] The condenser 37 can cool the water vapor in the gas path 36 within the separation stage, thereby reducing the water vapor content in the gas path 36 within the stage.

[0082] The second heater 38 can provide heat energy for heating the fluid flowing through the intra-stage gas path 36. For example, the second heater 38 can heat the fluid in the intra-stage gas path 36, such as deuterium-enriched hydrogen gas, to the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31.

[0083] In this embodiment, the gas phase flows through the intra-stage gas path 36, and the liquid phase flows through the intra-stage water path 33 to achieve gas-liquid two-phase separation. The condensed gas can be heated by the second heater 38 and then transported to the air inlet of the first exchange unit 31. The condenser 37 can reduce the water content of the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the intra-stage gas path 36, and the second heater 38 can preheat the fluid in the intra-stage gas path 36, such as the deuterium-rich hydrogen, to improve production efficiency.

[0084] In some embodiments, the second heater 38 may be a device that converts electrical energy into thermal energy. For example, the second heater 38 includes, but is not limited to, a resistive heater or a PTC heater, etc. A PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater is a positive temperature coefficient heater.

[0085] The specific structure of the second heater 38 is not limited. As an example, the second heater 38 may include a second chamber and a second heating element. The second chamber is connected to the intra-stage gas path 36. The second heating element is used to heat the fluid flowing through the second chamber, such as deuterium-enriched hydrogen.

[0086] For some examples, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a condensation water path 39 , one end of which is connected to the condenser 37 , and the other end of which is connected to the pipe section of the internal water path 33 located between the diversion node 331 and the first heater 34 .

[0087] Specifically, the connection point between the condensing water path 39 and the intra-stage water path 33 is located between the flow branching node 331 and the first heater 34 .

[0088] In this embodiment, for a single dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3, the condensed water path 39 transports the condensed water generated by the condenser 37 to the intra-stage water path 33. The connection point between the condensed water path 39 and the intra-stage water path 33 is located downstream of the diversion node 331. The condensed water will not enter the enrichment water path 1. The connection point between the condensed water path 39 and the intra-stage water path 33 is located upstream of the first heater 34. The condensed water enters the second exchange unit 32 after being heated by the first heater 34. The recovered condensed water is transported to the second exchange unit 32 again for exchange reaction, so as to realize the recycling of the condensed water, improve the utilization rate of deuterium, and reduce the production cost.

[0089] For some examples, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a circulating gas circuit 301 and a circulating pump 302 . The circulating gas circuit 301 communicates with the gas outlet of the first exchange unit 31 and the gas inlet of the second exchange unit 32 . The circulating pump 302 is disposed in the circulating gas circuit 301 .

[0090] The gas outlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to discharge the gas generated by the first exchange unit 31 . For example, the gas outlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to discharge the depleted hydrogen generated by the first exchange unit 31 .

[0091] The gas inlet of the second exchange unit 32 is used to transport the raw hydrogen gas into the second exchange unit 32 .

[0092] The circulation pump 302 is used to drive the fluid flow in the circulation gas circuit 301 .

[0093] In this embodiment, the circulating gas path 301 transports the depleted hydrogen generated by the first exchange unit 31 to the second exchange unit 32 for exchange reaction, thereby realizing the recycling of the depleted hydrogen, reducing hydrogen consumption, and lowering energy consumption.

[0094] The flow rate of the circulating pump 302 driving the fluid is not limited. For example, the flow rate of the circulating pump 302 driving the fluid is 300 Nm 3 / h to 900Nm 3 / h. Exemplarily, the flow rate of the circulating pump 302 driving the fluid is 300Nm 3 / h、400Nm 3 / h、500Nm 3 / h、800Nm 3 / h、850Nm 3 / h or 900Nm 3 / h and so on.

[0095] For some examples, see Figure 1 The water-hydrogen exchange system includes multiple hydrogen sources 4 , each dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 corresponds to a hydrogen source 4 , and the hydrogen source 4 is connected to the air inlet of the second exchange unit 32 .

[0096] The hydrogen source 4 can be used to provide raw hydrogen, such as high-purity hydrogen. High-purity hydrogen can reduce the interference of impurities on the water-hydrogen exchange reaction.

[0097] In this embodiment, each dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 corresponds to a hydrogen source 4, and raw hydrogen can be stably supplied to each dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3, thereby increasing the production capacity of deuterium-enriched water.

[0098] The specific raw material of the hydrogen source 4 is not limited, for example, it can be hydrogen produced by chemical industry or water electrolysis, etc. Regardless of the source of hydrogen, impurities in the hydrogen must be removed through a corresponding impurity removal process to achieve high-purity hydrogen standards.

[0099] For some examples, see Figure 1 The water-hydrogen exchange system includes a circulating water circuit 5, which is connected to the water outlet of the second exchange unit 32 of the next stage and the first heater 34 of the previous stage.

[0100] The circulating water circuit 5 is connected to the water outlet of the second exchange unit 32 of the next stage and the first heater 34 of the previous stage, which means that the circulating water circuit 5 is connected to the water outlet of the second exchange unit 32 and the first heater 34 of the adjacent two-stage dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3. In the cascaded multiple dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3, the circulating water circuit 5 diverts the depleted water generated by the second exchange unit 32 of the next stage to the first heater 34 of the previous stage for heating, and then enters the second exchange unit 32 of the previous stage as a reactant through the intra-stage water circuit 33.

[0101] It can be understood that in the cascaded multiple dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3, the deuterium abundance of the depleted water produced by the second exchange unit 32 of the next stage may be higher than the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water produced by the first exchange unit 31 of the previous stage, and the depleted water produced by the second exchange unit 32 of the next stage can be used as a reactant of the second exchange unit 32 of the previous stage.

[0102] In this embodiment, the circulating water circuit 5 can transport the depleted water produced by the second exchange unit 32 of the next stage to the second exchange unit 32 of the previous stage for exchange reaction, thereby realizing the utilization rate of deuterium and reducing the production cost.

[0103] In some embodiments, the depleted water produced by the initial second exchange unit 32 may be discharged to the environment or collected in a storage container.

[0104] The first-stage second exchange unit 32 refers to the second exchange unit 32 of the first dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 in the connection sequence of the multiple cascaded dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3, that is, the second exchange unit 32 where the exchange reaction occurs first.

[0105] For some examples, see Figure 1 The water-hydrogen exchange system includes a water source 6, which is connected to the water inlet of the first exchange unit 31 of the initial stage.

[0106] The first exchange unit 31 of the initial stage refers to: the first exchange unit 31 of the first dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 in the connection sequence of multiple cascaded dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3, that is, the first exchange unit 31 where the exchange reaction occurs initially.

[0107] In this embodiment, the water source 6 is the first exchange unit 31 of the initial stage, which stably supplies raw water, and then the deuterium element in the water is continuously enriched through the cascaded multiple dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3 to increase the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water product.

[0108] The type of water provided by the water source 6 is not limited. For example, the water source 6 can provide deionized water. Deionized water refers to pure water from which ionic impurities have been removed.

[0109] The source of the water source 6 is not limited. For example, it can be purified deionized water such as tap water, and it only needs to meet the deionized water index.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first exchange unit 31 and the second exchange unit 32 both have a catalytic exchange column, which includes a column body, a hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst, and the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic catalyst fill the reaction chamber in the column body.

[0111] The column of the first exchange unit 31 may form a water inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet, and an air outlet.

[0112] The column of the second exchange unit 32 may form a water inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet, and an air outlet.

[0113] The water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction occurs under the coupling action of hydrophilic filler and hydrophobic catalyst. The exchange reaction is mainly divided into catalytic exchange reaction and phase exchange reaction. The phase exchange reaction occurs on the surface of hydrophilic filler.

[0114] An exchange reaction occurs in the reaction chamber of the column of the first exchange unit 31 to generate depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-enriched water.

[0115] An exchange reaction occurs in the reaction chamber of the column of the second exchange unit 32 to generate depleted water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen.

[0116] In some embodiments, the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic catalyst are packed in a mixed manner and / or in a layered manner. For example, the packing method may be mixed packing, or in a layered manner, or in a mixed manner and in a layered manner at the same time.

[0117] For example, the granular hydrophobic catalyst and the hydrophilic filler can be in the form of granules or a regular monolithic form. For example, when the size of the reaction chamber is relatively large, a monolithic hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst with a regular structure can be loaded. In this way, the water distribution performance in the reaction chamber can be improved and the overall reaction rate can be increased.

[0118] Hydrophilic fillers include, but are not limited to, Dixon fillers, triangular spiral fillers, Canon fillers, calendered ring fillers, and the like.

[0119] The hydrophobic catalyst includes, but is not limited to, a Pt-SDB (a carrier is polystyrene-divinylbenzene, loaded with platinum) hydrophobic catalyst and a Pt-PTFE (a carrier is polytetrafluoroethylene, loaded with platinum) hydrophobic catalyst, and the like.

[0120] The shape of the column is not limited. For example, the column includes but is not limited to a cylindrical shape, an elliptical cylindrical shape, a prism shape, etc.

[0121] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the column is 50 mm to 200 mm. The inner diameter of the column refers to the diameter of the reaction chamber of the cylindrical column.

[0122] For example, the inner diameter of the cylinder may be 50 mm, 60 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm or 200 mm, etc.

[0123] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the column is moderate, taking into account both production efficiency requirements and manufacturing requirements.

[0124] In some embodiments, the height of the column is 4000 mm to 15000 mm.

[0125] For example, the height of the column may be 4000 mm, 5000 mm, 8000 mm, 10000 mm, 12000 mm or 15000 mm, etc.

[0126] In this embodiment, the height of the column is moderate, taking into account both production efficiency requirements and manufacturing requirements.

[0127] In some embodiments, the size of the column of the first exchange unit 31 may be the same as or different from the size of the column of the second exchange unit 32 .

[0128] In some embodiments, the hydrophilic filler of the first exchange unit 31 and the hydrophilic filler of the second exchange unit 32 are the same or different.

[0129] In some embodiments, the hydrophobic catalyst of the first exchange unit 31 and the hydrophobic catalyst of the second exchange unit 32 are the same or different.

[0130] In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31 is 50°C to 80°C.

[0131] For example, the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31 may be 50° C., 60° C., 70° C. or 80° C., etc.

[0132] In this embodiment, the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31 is moderate, meeting the production requirements of deuterium-enriched water products.

[0133] In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32 is 150°C to 220°C.

[0134] Exemplarily, the reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32 can be 150° C., 160° C., 170° C., 180° C., 190° C., 200° C., 210° C. or 220° C., etc.

[0135] In this embodiment, the reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32 is moderate, meeting the production requirements of deuterium-enriched water products.

[0136] In some embodiments, the pressure of the first exchange unit 31 is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

[0137] Exemplarily, the pressure of the first exchange unit 31 may be 1.8 MPa (megapascals), 2.0 MPa, 2.2 MPa, 2.4 MPa, 2.6 MPa, 2.8 MPa or 3.0 MPa, etc.

[0138] In this embodiment, the pressure of the first exchange unit 31 is moderate, meeting the production requirements of deuterium-enriched water products.

[0139] In some embodiments, the pressure of the second exchange unit 32 is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

[0140] Illustratively, the pressure of the second exchange unit 32 may be 1.8 MPa, 2.0 MPa, 2.2 MPa, 2.4 MPa, 2.6 MPa, 2.8 MPa or 3.0 MPa, etc.

[0141] In this embodiment, the pressure of the second exchange unit 32 is moderate, meeting the production requirements of deuterium-enriched water products.

[0142] In some embodiments, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water product discharged from the deuterium-enriched water production water path 2 is 50% to 99.8%.

[0143] Exemplarily, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water product may be 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 99.8%, etc.

[0144] It should be understood that the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water discharged from the enriched water path 1 of the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 with a later stage is higher, and the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water discharged from the enriched water path 1 of the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 with a earlier stage is lower. The deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water product discharged from the deuterium-enriched water output water path 2 of the last stage of the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 can be 50% to 99.8%. The deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water discharged from the enriched water path 1 of the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 before the last stage can be 10% to 50%.

[0145] The water hydrogen exchange system provided in the embodiment of the present application is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0146] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The water hydrogen exchange system includes two cascaded dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices 3. The water hydrogen exchange system also includes an enrichment water circuit 1, a deuterium-enriched water output water circuit 2, two hydrogen sources 4, a water source 6 and a circulating water circuit 5. Each dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a first exchange unit 31, a second exchange unit 32, an intra-stage water circuit 33, a first heater 34, a liquid pump 35, an intra-stage gas circuit 36, a condenser 37, a second heater 38, a condensation water circuit 39, a circulating gas circuit 301 and a circulating pump 302. The connection relationship of the above structures is as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0147] The inner diameter of the column can be 100 mm, and the height of the column can be 8000 mm. The reaction chamber of the column is filled with a hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst, wherein the hydrophilic filler is a Dixon filler, and the hydrophobic catalyst is Pt-SDB, and the filling method of the hydrophilic filler and the catalyst is mixed filling.

[0148] The reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31 is 60°C. The reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32 is 200°C. The pressure of the first exchange unit 31 and the pressure of the second exchange unit 32 are both 2.2Mpa. The flow rate of the peristaltic pump is 8L / min. The flow rate of the circulating pump 302 driving the fluid is 600Nm 3 / h.

[0149] The deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water discharged from the enriched water path 1 of the first exchange unit 31 of the initial stage may be 10%.

[0150] The deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water product discharged from the deuterium-enriched water output water path 2 of the first exchange unit 31 of the last stage may be 95%.

[0151] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "an embodiment", "some embodiments" and "exemplary" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0152] The various embodiments / implementations provided in this application can be combined with each other without causing any contradiction. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, this application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A water hydrogen exchange system, characterized in that: The water hydrogen exchange system comprises an enrichment water path, a deuterium-enriched water production water path, and a plurality of cascaded dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange devices, wherein the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device comprises a first exchange unit, a second exchange unit, an intra-stage water path, and a first heater, wherein the intra-stage water path has a diversion node; The first exchange unit undergoes a water-hydrogen exchange reaction to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water; the second exchange unit undergoes a water-hydrogen reaction to generate deuterium-enriched hydrogen and depleted water; the intra-stage waterway connects the water outlet of the first exchange unit and the water inlet of the second exchange unit; the first heater is disposed in the intra-stage waterway and is located downstream of the diversion node; The enrichment waterway is connected to the diversion node of the intra-stage waterway of the previous stage and the water inlet of the first exchange unit of the next stage; The deuterium-enriched water output water channel is connected to the diversion node of the intra-stage water channel of the last stage.

2. The water hydrogen exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device comprises: A liquid pump is arranged in the water channel within the stage, and the liquid pump is located downstream of the first heater.

3. The water hydrogen exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device comprises: An intra-stage air path connecting an air inlet of the first exchange unit and an air outlet of the second exchange unit; A condenser is arranged in the gas path within the stage, and the condenser is used to condense water vapor in the gas path within the stage; The second heater is arranged in the gas path within the stage, and the second heater is located downstream of the condenser.

4. The water hydrogen exchange system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device comprises a condensation water circuit, one end of which is connected to the condenser, and the other end of which is connected to the pipe section of the intra-stage water circuit located between the diversion node and the first heater.

5. The water hydrogen exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device comprises: A circulating gas path, connecting the gas outlet of the first exchange unit and the gas inlet of the second exchange unit; A circulation pump is arranged in the circulation gas circuit.

6. The water hydrogen exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-hydrogen exchange system includes a plurality of hydrogen sources, each of the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices corresponds to one hydrogen source, and the hydrogen source is connected to the air inlet of the second exchange unit.

7. The water hydrogen exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-hydrogen exchange system includes a circulating water circuit, and the circulating water circuit is connected to a water outlet of the second exchange unit of the next stage and the first heater of the previous stage.

8. The water hydrogen exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-hydrogen exchange system includes a water source, which is connected to the water inlet of the first exchange unit at the initial stage.

9. The water hydrogen exchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first exchange unit and the second exchange unit both have a catalytic exchange column, which includes a column body, a hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst. The hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic catalyst fill a reaction cavity in the column body.

10. The water hydrogen exchange system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the cylinder is 50 mm to 200 mm; and / or, The height of the column is 4000 mm to 15000 mm.

11. The water hydrogen exchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The reaction temperature of the first exchange unit is 50° C. to 80° C.; and / or, The reaction temperature of the second exchange unit is 150°C to 220°C.

12. The water hydrogen exchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The pressure of the first exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa; and / or, The pressure of the second exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

13. The water hydrogen exchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water product discharged from the deuterium-enriched water production waterway is 50% to 99.8%.

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