Combination device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction
By introducing components such as external water heater, liquid inlet, gas-liquid mixed injector, tube reactor, external heat exchanger and anti-entraining damper into the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction device, the problems of unstable process, low reaction efficiency and difficulty in exhaust gas treatment in the existing devices are solved, and a more efficient and safe glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510126920.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction devices have problems such as unstable process, low reaction efficiency, large output of by-product oxalic acid, and difficulty in handling exhaust gas.
A combined device is designed, including an external water heater, a liquid inlet, a gas-liquid mixed ejector, a tube reactor, an external heat exchanger and an anti-entrainment damper. Through the coordination and cooperation of these components, the reaction process and temperature control are optimized, the reaction efficiency is improved and the by-product generation is reduced.
It effectively solves the problems of difficult control of the reaction liquid temperature, low reaction efficiency and difficult exhaust gas treatment, and improves the process safety, reaction efficiency and operation convenience of glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction.
Smart Images
Figure CN119793371A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical production equipment and glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction, and particularly relates to a combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction. Background Art
[0002] Glyoxylic acid is an important organic synthesis intermediate, which is widely used in spices, medicines, pesticides, foods, varnish raw materials, dyes, plastic additives and other organic synthesis intermediates. It can also be used in vanillin, ethyl vanillin, mandelic acid, p-hydroxyphenylglycine, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, allantoin and other products.
[0003] The "glyoxal nitric acid oxidation method" is a relatively mature and low-cost method for synthesizing glyoxylic acid. It is a method in which glyoxal is oxidized into glyoxylic acid by dilute nitric acid in the presence of a composite catalyst. The oxidation process also produces a large amount of oxalic acid and nitrogen oxides as by-products.
[0004] The chemical reaction equation of glyoxal nitric acid oxidation method is as follows: 3CHO-CHO + 2HNO3→ 3CHO-COOH + 2NO↑+ H2O 3CHO-COOH + 2HNO3 → 3HOOC-COOH + 2NO↑+ H2O.
[0005] In the prior art, the reaction devices for synthesizing glyoxylic acid by the glyoxal nitric acid oxidation method mostly use reactors for one-pot production. The obvious shortcomings of the prior art process devices are mainly manifested in the instability of the process. The reactor jacket is easily heated by steam, and the temperature rises too fast. Since the heat exchange area of the reactor jacket is relatively small, the temperature cannot be lowered in time when it needs to be cooled, which easily causes greater process risks such as violent boiling of the reaction liquid and gas-liquid entrainment. The obvious shortcomings of a single reactor for the synthesis reaction are low reaction efficiency and a large output of the by-product oxalic acid. Due to the insufficient amount of air and the slow addition method, the nitric oxide tail gas cannot be oxidized into nitrogen dioxide in time, which brings great difficulty to the tail gas absorption, thereby affecting the production efficiency and cost reduction. Summary of the invention
[0006] Based on the purpose of solving the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention discloses a combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction, and its main innovations are in the process design and component coordination: (1) an external water heater is installed, (2) a liquid introducer is installed at a high position on the upper side of the synthesis reactor, (3) a gas-liquid mixing ejector and a tubular reactor are introduced to participate in the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction, (4) an external heat exchanger is provided, and (5) an anti-entrainment damper is installed on the tail gas pipeline; the combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction described in the technical solution of the present invention effectively solves the problem of difficult pumping of acidic reaction liquid, the problem of low efficiency of kettle reaction, and the problem of high-speed tail gas flow entraining reaction liquid. The technical solution of the present invention also has the characteristics of safe process, high reaction efficiency and convenient operation.
[0007] The invention discloses a combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction, which comprises: a synthesis reactor, an external water heater, a steam control valve, a steam disperser, a hot water circulation pump, a jacket water inlet, a jacket water return pipe, a water return port, a liquid introducer, a liquid extraction pipe, a reaction liquid circulation pump, a gas-liquid mixing ejector, an air purifier, a tubular reactor, an external heat exchanger, a nitric acid metering tank, a nitric acid disperser, an exhaust gas pipeline, an anti-entrainment damper, a reflux condenser, an anti-blocking inclined pipe, an absorption liquid tank, a built-in heat exchanger, an exhaust gas absorption tower, a packing module, an annular spray pipe, and a harmless exhaust gas outlet. The invention is characterized in that both sides of the synthesis reactor are connected to the external water heater through the jacket water inlet and the jacket water return pipe, one end of the liquid introducer is connected to the upper part of the synthesis reactor through a pipeline, and extends to the middle and lower part of the synthesis reactor through the liquid extraction pipe, and the liquid introducer is connected to the upper part of the synthesis reactor through the jacket water inlet and the jacket water return pipe. The reactor is connected to the gas-liquid mixing ejector through a reaction liquid circulation pump, the gas-liquid mixing ejector is connected to the air purifier on the side, the gas-liquid mixing ejector is connected to the tubular reactor forward through a pipeline, the tubular reactor is connected to the external heat exchanger forward, the external heat exchanger is connected to the upper part of the synthesis reactor downward, and extends to the inside of the synthesis reactor through a pipeline, the lower part of the nitric acid metering tank is connected to the upper part of the synthesis reactor through a pipeline, and extends to the inside of the synthesis reactor through a pipeline to connect to the nitric acid disperser, the anti-entrainment damper is arranged on the tail gas pipeline at the upper part of the synthesis reactor, connected to the synthesis reactor downward, and connected to the reflux condenser upward, the reflux condenser is connected to the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower forward along the tail gas pipeline through an anti-blocking inclined pipe, and the tail gas absorption tower is arranged just above the absorption liquid tank.
[0008] Preferably, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that the main body of the external water heater is a stainless steel tank with a diameter of 2.0 m and a volume of 8 to 10 m 3, a steam control valve is arranged on it, and the steam pipe extends to the middle and lower part of the external water heater and is connected to the steam disperser. The purpose of designing the external water heater is to avoid the temperature of the reaction liquid rising too fast due to excessive steam heating, and thus effectively avoid the phenomenon of overflowing the pot, rushing the material, etc. that affect safe production. Since the reaction temperature required for the synthesis of glyoxylic acid is about 50°C and high-pressure steam is not required, the external water heater can effectively utilize the waste heat of other processes, which is more beneficial to energy saving and consumption reduction.
[0009] Preferably, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that the steam disperser is composed of a stainless steel annular pipe with a diameter of 40 to 50 mm, the diameter of the steam disperser is 1.0 to 1.5 m, and 100 to 200 circular holes with a diameter of 5 mm are opened on the surface of the steam disperser. The purpose of this design is to make full use of steam and no noise is generated during the steam heating process.
[0010] Preferably, the combined device for the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction described in the technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that the liquid drawer is made of 904 stainless steel or glass-lined material, with a diameter of 300-500 mm and a height of 0.6-1.0 m, the upper part of the liquid drawer is connected to the synthesis reactor, and the lower part of the liquid drawer is connected to the reaction liquid circulation pump. The purpose of designing the liquid drawer is to implement upper extraction of the reaction liquid, which can effectively avoid leakage from the bottom of the synthesis reactor and other phenomena that are not conducive to safe production, and is more beneficial to process safety and process control.
[0011] Preferably, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that the tubular reactor is composed of a serpentine tube section made of 904 stainless steel, with an extended length of 25 to 30 m, and the inner wall of the tubular reactor is welded with 10 mm burrs, and the number of burrs is 20 to 30 per m. The purpose of introducing the tubular reactor into the synthesis of glyoxylic acid is to promote the accelerated oxidation of glyoxal by utilizing the forced mass transfer characteristics of the tubular reactor. Since the mass transfer area of the tubular reactor is large, it will not be over-oxidized in a short time, which is more beneficial to improving production efficiency.
[0012] Preferably, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that the external heat exchanger consists of two heat exchangers with a heat exchange area of 40 to 50 m 2 The shell and tube heat exchangers are connected in parallel, with a total heat exchange area of 80 to 100 m 2 The purpose of designing an external heat exchanger is to realize the separate operation of heating and cooling, and to make up for the defect of small heat exchange area of the jacket of the synthesis reactor, which is more beneficial to the temperature control of the oxidation reaction process.
[0013] Preferably, the combined device for the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction described in the technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that the nitric acid disperser is composed of a PTFE pipe with a diameter of 25 to 32 mm, has a ring-shaped appearance, and has 100 to 150 circular holes with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm on the surface. The purpose of designing the nitric acid disperser is to quickly disperse the diluted nitric acid added, so that local violent reactions can be effectively avoided, which is more beneficial to production safety and controlling the generation of by-products.
[0014] Preferably, the combined device for the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction described in the technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that the tail gas absorption tower is set to 6 levels, levels 1-4 are water absorption towers, levels 5-6 are alkali absorption towers, the tail gas absorption tower has a diameter of 100-120 cm and a height of 10-12 m, an annular sprayer is arranged on the top of the tail gas absorption tower, and 8-10 layers of packing modules are installed inside the tower body of the tail gas absorption tower, and the inside of the packing module is corrugated packing. The purpose of setting up a 6-level tail gas absorption tower is to fully absorb nitrogen oxides in the reaction tail gas, which is very beneficial to resource recycling and environmental protection.
[0015] Preferably, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that a built-in heat exchanger composed of a cooling water coil is installed inside the absorption liquid tank, and the heat exchange area of the built-in heat exchanger is 40 to 50 m 2 The purpose of designing a built-in heat exchanger is to reduce the temperature of the absorption liquid in the absorption liquid tank. The lower the temperature, the more beneficial it is to the tail gas absorption.
[0016] Preferably, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the technical solution of the present invention is characterized in that the anti-blocking inclined pipe is arranged at the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower, and the angle between the anti-blocking inclined pipe and the tail gas absorption tower is 30-60°. The purpose of this design is to avoid the absorption liquid from top to bottom flowing into the tail gas pipeline to cause blockage of the tail gas absorption system, which is very beneficial to process safety.
[0017] The combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the technical solution of the present invention has obvious beneficial effects in the following six aspects: 1. The external water heater can effectively avoid excessive temperature, which is very beneficial to process safety. At the same time, the condensation and utilization of waste heat are very beneficial to reducing energy consumption; 2. The liquid drawer for pumping the reaction liquid can effectively avoid the safety risk caused by sudden leakage at the bottom of the synthesis reactor; 3. The cooperation of the gas-liquid mixing ejector and the tubular reactor can effectively improve the reaction efficiency and reduce the excessive generation of by-products; 4. The external heat exchanger can effectively regulate the temperature fluctuations during the reaction process, which is very beneficial to process safety and process stability; 5. The reaction tail gas enters the tail gas absorption tower through the anti-blocking inclined pipe, which can effectively prevent the absorption liquid from flowing into the tail gas pipeline, which is more beneficial to process safety; 6. The internal heat exchanger is arranged in the absorption liquid tank, which can effectively prevent the absorption liquid temperature from rising too fast, which is very beneficial to the full absorption of the reaction tail gas and beneficial to environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and a person skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction described in the technical solution of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 1 In: synthesis reactor 01, external water heater 02, steam control valve 03, steam disperser 04, hot water circulation pump 05, jacket water inlet 06, jacket return pipe 07, return port 71, liquid extraction pipe 08, online detection port 09, liquid introducer 10, reaction liquid circulation pump 11, gas-liquid mixing ejector 12, air purifier 13, tubular reactor 14, external heat exchanger 15, nitric acid metering tank 16, nitric acid disperser 17, anti-entrainment damper 18, tail gas pipeline 19, reflux condenser 20, anti-blocking inclined pipe 21, absorption liquid tank 22, built-in heat exchanger 23, cooling water inlet 24, cooling water outlet 25, absorption liquid circulation pump 26, tail gas absorption tower 27, filler module 28, annular spray pipe 29, harmless tail gas outlet 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following Figure 1 This specific implementation example is further described.
[0022] The combined device for the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation method comprises: a synthesis reactor 01, an external water heater 02, a steam control valve 03, a steam disperser 04, a hot water circulation pump 05, a jacket water inlet 06, a jacket return pipe 07, a return port 71, a liquid extraction pipe 08, an online detection port 09, a liquid introducer 10, a reaction liquid circulation pump 11, a gas-liquid mixing ejector 12, an air purifier 13, a tubular reactor 14, an external heat exchanger 15, a nitric acid metering tank 16, a nitric acid disperser 17, an anti-entrainment damper 18, an exhaust pipe 19, a reflux condenser 20, an anti-blocking inclined pipe 21, an absorption liquid tank 22, a built-in heat exchanger 23, a cooling water inlet 24, a cooling water outlet 25, an absorption liquid circulation pump 26, an exhaust absorption tower 27, a filler module 28, an annular spray pipe 29, and a harmless exhaust outlet 30.
[0023] The combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation is characterized in that the two sides of the synthesis reactor 01 are connected to the external water heater 02 through the jacket water inlet 06 and the jacket return pipe 07, one end of the liquid introducer 10 is connected to the upper part of the synthesis reactor 01 through a pipeline, and extends to the middle and lower part of the synthesis reactor 01 through a liquid extraction pipe 08, the liquid introducer 10 is connected to the gas-liquid mixing ejector 12 through a reaction liquid circulation pump 11, the gas-liquid mixing ejector 12 is connected to the air purifier 13 on the side, the gas-liquid mixing ejector 12 is connected to the tubular reactor 14 through a pipeline in the front, and the tubular reactor 14 is connected to the external replacement The external heat exchanger 15 is connected downwardly to the upper part of the synthesis reactor 01 and extends to the interior of the synthesis reactor through a pipeline. The lower part of the nitric acid metering tank 16 is connected to the upper part of the synthesis reactor 01 through a pipeline and extends to the interior of the synthesis reactor through a pipeline to be connected to the nitric acid disperser 17. The anti-entrainment damper 18 is arranged on the tail gas pipeline 19 at the upper part of the synthesis reactor 01, connected downwardly to the synthesis reactor, and connected upwardly to the reflux condenser 20. The reflux condenser 20 is connected forwardly along the tail gas pipeline 19 through the anti-blocking inclined pipe 21 to the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower 27. The tail gas absorption tower 27 is arranged directly above the absorption liquid tank 22.
[0024] Furthermore, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation mode is characterized in that the main body of the external water heater is a stainless steel tank with a diameter of 2.0 m and a volume of 8 to 10 m 3, a steam control valve is arranged on it, and the steam pipe extends to the middle and lower part of the external water heater and is connected to the steam disperser. The purpose of designing the external water heater is to avoid the temperature of the reaction liquid rising too fast due to excessive steam heating, and thus effectively avoid the phenomenon of overflowing the pot, rushing the material, etc. that affect safe production. Since the reaction temperature required for the synthesis of glyoxylic acid is about 50°C and high-pressure steam is not required, the external water heater can effectively utilize the waste heat of other processes, which is more beneficial to energy saving and consumption reduction.
[0025] Furthermore, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation is characterized in that the steam disperser is composed of a stainless steel annular pipe with a diameter of 40 to 50 mm, the diameter of the steam disperser is 1.0 to 1.5 m, and 100 to 200 circular holes with a diameter of 5 mm are opened on the surface of the steam disperser. The purpose of this design is to make full use of steam and no noise is generated during the steam heating process.
[0026] Further, a combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation is characterized in that the liquid drawer is made of 904 stainless steel or glass-lined material, with a diameter of 300-500 mm and a height of 0.6-1.0 m, the upper part of the liquid drawer is connected to the synthesis reactor, and the lower part of the liquid drawer is connected to the reaction liquid circulation pump. The purpose of designing the liquid drawer is to implement upper extraction of the reaction liquid, which can effectively avoid leakage from the bottom of the synthesis reactor and other phenomena that are not conducive to safe production, and is more beneficial to process safety and process control.
[0027] Furthermore, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation method is characterized in that the tubular reactor is composed of a serpentine tube section made of 904 stainless steel, with an extended length of 25 to 30 m, and the inner wall of the tubular reactor is welded with 10 mm burrs, and the number of burrs is 20 to 30 per m. The purpose of introducing the tubular reactor into the synthesis of glyoxylic acid is to promote the accelerated oxidation of glyoxal by utilizing the forced mass transfer characteristics of the tubular reactor. Since the mass transfer area of the tubular reactor is large, it will not be over-oxidized in a short time, which is more beneficial to improving production efficiency.
[0028] Furthermore, the combined device for the synthesis of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation is characterized in that the external heat exchanger consists of two heat exchangers with a heat exchange area of 40 to 50 m 2 The shell and tube heat exchangers are connected in parallel, with a total heat exchange area of 80 to 100 m 2 The purpose of designing an external heat exchanger is to realize the separate operation of heating and cooling, and to make up for the defect of small heat exchange area of the jacket of the synthesis reactor, which is more beneficial to the temperature control of the oxidation reaction process.
[0029] Furthermore, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation mode is characterized in that the nitric acid disperser is composed of a PTFE material pipe with a diameter of 25 to 32 mm, has a ring-shaped appearance, and has 100 to 150 circular holes with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm on the surface. The purpose of designing the nitric acid disperser is to quickly disperse the diluted nitric acid added, so that local violent reactions can be effectively avoided, which is more beneficial to production safety and controlling the generation of by-products.
[0030] Furthermore, a combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation method is characterized in that the tail gas absorption tower is provided with 6 stages, the 1st to 4th stages are water absorption towers, the 5th to 6th stages are alkali absorption towers, the tail gas absorption tower has a diameter of 100 to 120 cm and a height of 10 to 12 m, an annular sprayer is provided on the top of the tail gas absorption tower, and 8 to 10 layers of packing modules are installed inside the tower body of the tail gas absorption tower, and the packing modules are provided with corrugated packing inside. The purpose of setting up a 6-stage tail gas absorption tower is to fully absorb nitrogen oxides in the reaction tail gas, which is very beneficial to resource recycling and environmental protection.
[0031] Furthermore, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation mode is characterized in that a built-in heat exchanger composed of a cooling water coil is installed inside the absorption liquid tank, and the heat exchange area of the built-in heat exchanger is 40 to 50 m 2 The purpose of designing a built-in heat exchanger is to reduce the temperature of the absorption liquid in the absorption liquid tank. The lower the temperature, the more beneficial it is to the tail gas absorption.
[0032] Furthermore, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific implementation mode is characterized in that the anti-blocking inclined pipe is arranged at the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower, and the angle between the anti-blocking inclined pipe and the tail gas absorption tower is 30-60°. The purpose of such design is to avoid the absorption liquid from top to bottom flowing into the tail gas pipeline to cause the tail gas absorption system to be blocked, which is very beneficial to the process safety.
[0033] Furthermore, the combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the embodiment of the present specific embodiment has a simple operation process as follows: firstly, the reaction raw materials are added to the synthesis reactor 01 in proportion, the liquid introducer 10 is filled with pure water or a reaction mixture, and the water temperature in the external water heater is controlled to be 60-70° C. Then, the reaction liquid circulation pump 11 is started to make the reaction mixture enter the synthesis reactor 01 through the gas-liquid mixing ejector 12, the tubular reactor 14 and the external heat exchanger 15 in sequence, and the hot water circulation pump 05 is started to control the temperature in the synthesis reactor 01 to reach the process requirements, and then The nitric acid is dripped from the nitric acid metering tank 16 downward through the nitric acid disperser 17 into the synthesis reactor 01, and the 1-6 level tail gas absorption tower is started at the same time. The reaction tail gas enters the tail gas absorption tower 27 through the tail gas pipeline 19, the anti-entrainment damper 18, the reflux condenser 20, the tail gas pipeline 19, and the anti-blocking inclined pipe 21 in sequence, and contacts with the absorption liquid from top to bottom for reaction and absorption. The reaction tail gas undergoes 6-level absorption treatment, and the harmless gas enters the next process from the harmless tail gas outlet. During the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction, the reaction is stopped when the main content of glyoxylic acid and the impurity content reach the process standard from the online detection port.
[0034] The combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid described in the technical solution of the present invention has obvious beneficial effects in the following six aspects: 1. The external water heater can effectively avoid excessive temperature, which is very beneficial to process safety. At the same time, the condensation and utilization of waste heat are very beneficial to reducing energy consumption; 2. The liquid drawer for pumping the reaction liquid can effectively avoid the safety risk caused by sudden leakage at the bottom of the synthesis reactor; 3. The cooperation of the gas-liquid mixing ejector and the tubular reactor can effectively improve the reaction efficiency and reduce the excessive generation of by-products; 4. The external heat exchanger can effectively regulate the temperature fluctuations during the reaction process, which is very beneficial to process safety and process stability; 5. The reaction tail gas enters the tail gas absorption tower through the anti-blocking inclined pipe, which can effectively prevent the absorption liquid from flowing into the tail gas pipeline, which is more beneficial to process safety; 6. The internal heat exchanger is arranged in the absorption liquid tank, which can effectively prevent the absorption liquid temperature from rising too fast, which is very beneficial to the full absorption of the reaction tail gas and beneficial to environmental protection.
[0035] Such a device, a combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction described in the technical solution of the present invention, also has the characteristics of safe process, high reaction efficiency and convenient operation.
[0036] Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features described herein.
Claims
1. A combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction, comprising: A synthesis reactor, an external water heater, a steam control valve, a steam disperser, a hot water circulation pump, a jacket water inlet, a jacket water return pipe, a water return port, a liquid introducer, a liquid extraction pipe, a reaction liquid circulation pump, a gas-liquid mixing ejector, an air purifier, a tubular reactor, an external heat exchanger, a nitric acid metering tank, a nitric acid disperser, an exhaust gas pipeline, an anti-entrainment damper, a reflux condenser, an anti-blocking inclined pipe, an absorption liquid tank, a built-in heat exchanger, an exhaust gas absorption tower, a packing module, an annular spray pipe, and a harmless exhaust gas outlet. It is characterized in that both sides of the synthesis reactor are connected to the external water heater through the jacket water inlet and the jacket water return pipe, one end of the liquid introducer is connected to the upper part of the synthesis reactor through a pipeline, and extends to the middle and lower part of the synthesis reactor through the liquid extraction pipe, and the liquid introducer is connected to the gas-liquid mixing reactor through the reaction liquid circulation pump. The gas-liquid mixing ejector is connected to an air purifier on the side, the gas-liquid mixing ejector is connected to the tubular reactor forward through a pipeline, the tubular reactor is connected to an external heat exchanger forward, the external heat exchanger is connected to the upper part of the synthesis reactor downward, and extends to the inside of the synthesis reactor through a pipeline, the lower part of the nitric acid metering tank is connected to the upper part of the synthesis reactor through a pipeline, and extends to the inside of the synthesis reactor through a pipeline to connect to a nitric acid disperser, the anti-entrainment damper is arranged on the tail gas pipeline at the upper part of the synthesis reactor, connected to the synthesis reactor downward, and connected to the reflux condenser upward, the reflux condenser is connected to the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower forward along the tail gas pipeline through an anti-blocking inclined pipe, and the tail gas absorption tower is arranged directly above the absorption liquid tank.
2. The combined device for the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external water heater body is a stainless steel tank with a diameter of 2.0m and a volume of 8-10m 3 , a steam control valve is arranged on it, and the steam pipe extends to the middle and lower part of the external water heater and is connected to the steam disperser.
3. The combined device for the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam disperser is composed of a stainless steel annular pipe with a diameter of 40 to 50 mm. The diameter of the steam disperser is 1.0 to 1.5 m, and 100 to 200 circular holes with a diameter of 5 mm are opened on the surface of the steam disperser.
4. The combined device for the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid introducer is made of 904 stainless steel or glass-lined material, with a diameter of 300-500 mm and a height of 0.6-1.0 m. The upper part of the liquid introducer is connected to the synthesis reactor, and the lower part of the liquid introducer is connected to the reaction liquid circulation pump.
5. The combined device for the glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tubular reactor is composed of serpentine tube segments made of 904 stainless steel, with an extended length of 25 to 30 m. The inner wall of the tubular reactor is welded with 10 mm protruding burrs, and the number of burrs is 20 to 30 per m.
6. The combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external heat exchanger is composed of two heat exchangers with a heat exchange area of 40 to 50 m 2 The shell and tube heat exchangers are connected in parallel, with a total heat exchange area of 80 to 100 m 2 .
7. The combined device for the synthesis reaction of glyoxylic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitric acid disperser is composed of PTFE pipes with a diameter of 25 to 32 mm, has a ring-shaped appearance, and has 100 to 150 circular holes with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm on the surface.
8. The combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail gas absorption tower is arranged in 6 stages, with 1-4 stages being water absorption towers and 5-6 stages being alkali absorption towers. The tail gas absorption tower has a diameter of 100-120 cm and a height of 10-12 m. An annular sprayer is arranged on the top of the tail gas absorption tower. The tail gas absorption tower body is equipped with 8-10 layers of packing modules, and the packing modules are filled with corrugated packing.
9. The combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absorption liquid tank is equipped with a built-in heat exchanger composed of cooling water coils, and the heat exchange area of the built-in heat exchanger is 40 to 50 m 2 .
10. The combined device for glyoxylic acid synthesis reaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-blocking inclined pipe is arranged at the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower, and the angle between the anti-blocking inclined pipe and the tail gas absorption tower is 30-60 degrees.