Mine solid waste treatment device and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine solid waste treatment, and discloses a mine solid waste treatment device and a treatment method thereof.The mine solid waste treatment device comprises a base, a smashing mechanism used for smashing solid waste is arranged on the base, and a screening assembly used for screening the smashed solid waste is arranged on a discharging pipe; the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, a one-way assembly capable of being opened and closed is arranged in the feeding hopper, solid waste jacks the one-way assembly, and after the solid waste enters the smashing mechanism, the one-way assembly automatically resets; the air return hole is formed in the one-way assembly and is opened towards the crushing mechanism in a one-way manner; the dust collecting mechanism comprises a dust collecting pipe, one end of the dust collecting pipe is communicated with the feeding hopper, and the other end of the dust collecting pipe is communicated with the discharging pipe. The device is compact in structure, solid waste can be rapidly smashed and recycled, smoke and dust dissipation in the smashing process is greatly reduced, meanwhile, dissipated dust is effectively recycled, the influence on the environment is reduced, the smashing treatment efficiency and the smashing effect are improved, and subsequent recycling is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine solid waste treatment, and in particular to a mine solid waste treatment device and a treatment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mining solid waste is solid deposits such as waste rock, waste slag, tailings, etc. produced in the process of mineral mining, mineral processing and smelting. They are characterized by huge quantity, complex composition and great difficulty in treatment. These solid wastes not only occupy a large amount of land and destroy the natural landscape, but may also contain a variety of harmful components and even radioactive substances, posing a serious pollution to the mining area and the surrounding environment.

[0003] Existing mine solid waste treatment generally includes two methods: stacking treatment and landfill treatment. Stacking treatment refers to a treatment method in which solid waste is directly stacked on a pre-designated and prepared site. However, stacking treatment takes up a large space. At the same time, solid waste stacked in the open air is easily affected by rain and snowfall and collapses, which is highly dangerous. In addition, the erosion of rainwater will cause the solid waste components to pollute water resources. Landfill treatment is to mix cement with solid waste and fill the goaf or landfill with a cementitious filling method to achieve backfill support for the goaf. However, the residual minerals in the backfilled solid waste are not recovered, which is easy to cause waste of resources. At the same time, landfilling of solid waste containing toxic substances will also pollute groundwater and land, affecting the subsequent use of the landfill.

[0004] Therefore, the present application designs a mining solid waste treatment device and a treatment method thereof to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mine solid waste treatment device and a treatment method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a mining solid waste treatment device, comprising:

[0007] The base, which serves as the foundation of the equipment and is used to fix the equipment;

[0008] A pulverizing mechanism is arranged on the base and is used for pulverizing the solid waste. The outlet at the bottom end of the pulverizing mechanism is connected to a discharge pipe arranged on the base. The discharge pipe is provided with a screening component for screening the pulverized solid waste.

[0009] The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, wherein an openable and closable one-way component is arranged in the feeding hopper, and the one-way component is automatically reset after the solid waste pushes the one-way component open and enters the pulverizing mechanism;

[0010] An air return hole, which is arranged on the one-way component and opens to the pulverizing mechanism in one direction;

[0011] The dust collecting mechanism comprises a dust collecting pipe, one end of which is connected to a feed hopper, and the other end of which is connected to a discharge pipe, so as to recover dust generated by crushing.

[0012] Preferably, the one-way component includes a mounting plate arranged in the feed pipe, the bottom end of the mounting plate is hinged with a symmetrically arranged one-way plate, and the sides of the two one-way plates facing away from each other are hinged to the mounting plate; the free end of the one-way plate opens unidirectionally toward the crushing mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, a telescopic rod is hinged between the lower end of the free side of the one-way plate and the side wall of the feed hopper.

[0014] Preferably, the return air holes are arranged in an array with equal spacing on the one-way plate; an air return cap is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the return air hole, a lifting plate is slidably arranged inside the return air cap, and the lifting plate elastically slides between the upper and lower sides of the air inlet hole on the side wall of the return air cap.

[0015] Preferably, the screening assembly comprises a screening net obliquely arranged in the discharge pipe, the screening net is located below the pulverizing mechanism, and vibration assemblies are arranged at both ends of the screening net and in the discharge pipe bracket.

[0016] Preferably, the vibration assembly includes a vibration hole opened on the discharge pipe, an electromagnet is arranged in the vibration hole, and the electromagnet and a permanent magnet slidably arranged in the vibration hole are mutually exclusive; a vibration rod is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet, the vibration rod extends out of the vibration hole and is fixedly connected to the end of the screening net, and a plurality of vibration springs are arranged between the vibration rod and the vibration hole.

[0017] Preferably, the lower end of the screening net is connected with a discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is connected with a collection box, and the collection box is connected with the feed hopper above the crushing mechanism through a lifter.

[0018] Preferably, the elevator includes a return pipe connected to the collection box and the feed hopper, the bottom end of the return pipe is rotatably connected to a driving shaft, the top end of the inner cavity of the return pipe is rotatably connected to a driven shaft, a lifting belt is arranged between the driven shaft and the driving shaft, and a lifting bucket for lifting incompletely crushed solid waste is hingedly arranged on the lifting belt.

[0019] Preferably, the crushing mechanism includes a crushing box installed on the base and connected to the outlet of the feed hopper, two relatively rotating crushing rollers are arranged in the crushing box, the two crushing rollers are transmission-arranged and rotate relative to the middle, and any one of the crushing rollers is transmission-connected to the crushing motor arranged on the base.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a treatment method based on a mine solid waste treatment device, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Inspect and maintain the equipment to ensure that it operates normally, and then fix it to the processing site through the base;

[0022] Selecting solid waste materials to be processed, and feeding the solid waste materials into a feed hopper of a feed assembly;

[0023] When the solid waste accumulated in the feed hopper reaches the set amount, its own weight opens the one-way component and falls into the crushing mechanism, where the solid waste is processed;

[0024] The crushed solid waste falls onto the screening component for screening. The crushed solid waste that meets the conditions is filtered by the screening component and discharged from the discharge pipe. The crushed solid waste that does not meet the conditions is intercepted by the screening component and flows back to the inner cavity of the feed hopper and is crushed again by the crushing mechanism.

[0025] During the solid waste treatment process, the dust collection mechanism is turned on to exhaust and filter the inside of the pulverizing mechanism, collect the dust generated by the pulverizing and return it to the feed hopper, and the outside air enters the pulverizing mechanism through the one-way open air return hole.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: the present invention discloses a mine solid waste treatment device and a treatment method thereof; the base fixes the device on the ground, reduces vibration during the mine solid waste treatment process, improves the stability of the device, and improves safety; the crushing mechanism is arranged on the base, which can crush the added mine solid waste to form a mixture of powder and particles; the crushed solid waste enters the discharge pipe and is screened and separated by the screening component; the crushed solid waste is discharged to the next process, and the unqualified solid waste is recycled into the feed hopper for further treatment, thereby improving the effect and quality of solid waste treatment and facilitating subsequent recycling The solid waste to be processed is fed into the feed hopper and falls on the one-way component. Its weight pushes the one-way component open and falls into the crushing mechanism for crushing. After the solid waste falls, the one-way component automatically resets after losing external force, sealing the inlet of the feed hopper to prevent the smoke and dust generated during crushing from escaping, thereby improving the environmental level and the treatment effect. The return air hole on the one-way component opens unidirectionally toward the crushing mechanism, allowing clean air from the outside to enter the feed hopper when the dust collecting mechanism collects the scattered dust, thereby avoiding the generation of negative pressure that affects the crushing and driving out the dirty air with clean air, facilitating the recovery and treatment of dust and reducing the impact of dust.

[0027] The present invention has a compact structure and can quickly crush and recycle solid waste, greatly reducing smoke and dust emission during the crushing process. At the same time, the emitted dust is effectively recovered, reducing the impact on the environment, improving the efficiency and crushing effect of the crushing process, and facilitating subsequent recycling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is an axial view of the mine solid waste treatment device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mine solid waste treatment device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of middle A;

[0032] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of middle C;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a front view of the guide plate of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material guide plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the lifter of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 This is an axial view of the pulverizing mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] In the figure: 1. base; 2. discharge pipe; 3. feed hopper; 4. air return hole; 5. dust collecting pipe; 6. mounting plate; 7. one-way plate; 8. telescopic rod; 9. hinge seat; 10. hinge head; 11. air return cap; 12. lifting plate; 13. air inlet hole; 14. lifting rod; 15. reset spring; 16. screening net; 18. discharge pipe; 19. collection box; 20. lifter; 21. crushing box; 22. crushing roller; 23. crushing motor; 24. guide block; 25. crushing teeth; 26. control box; 27. coupling; 28 , driving gear; 29, driven gear; 30, dust collecting fan; 32, lifting motor; 34, transfer pipe; 35, vibration hole; 36, electromagnet; 37, control line; 38, permanent magnet; 39, vibration spring; 40, guide groove; 41, vibration rod; 42, return pipe; 43, driving shaft; 44, driven shaft; 45, lifting belt; 46, lifting bucket; 47, return chain; 48, guide plate; 49, guide groove; 50, make way hole; 51, telescopic plate; 52, telescopic spring; 53, retaining edge; 54, guide inclined plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Reference Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a mining solid waste treatment device, comprising:

[0042] Base 1, serving as the foundation of the equipment and used for fixing the equipment;

[0043] A pulverizing mechanism is provided on the base 1 and is used for pulverizing solid waste. The outlet at the bottom of the pulverizing mechanism is connected to a discharge pipe 2 provided on the base 1. A screening component for screening the pulverized solid waste is provided on the discharge pipe 2.

[0044] The feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper 3, in which a one-way component that can be opened and closed is arranged. The solid waste pushes the one-way component open, and after entering the crushing mechanism, the one-way component automatically resets;

[0045] The air return hole 4 is arranged on the one-way component and is opened one-way to the crushing mechanism;

[0046] The dust collecting mechanism comprises a dust collecting pipe 5, one end of which is connected to the feed hopper 3, and the other end of which is connected to the discharge pipe 2, so as to recover the dust generated by the crushing.

[0047] The present invention discloses a mine solid waste treatment device and a treatment method thereof. A base 1 fixes the device on the ground, reduces vibration during the mine solid waste treatment process, improves the stability of the device, and improves safety. A crushing mechanism is arranged on the base 1, which can crush the added mine solid waste to form a mixture of powder and particles. The crushed solid waste enters a discharge pipe 2 and is screened and separated by a screening component. The crushed solid waste is discharged to the next process, and the unqualified solid waste is recycled into a feed hopper 3 for further treatment, thereby improving the effect and quality of solid waste treatment and facilitating subsequent recycling or treatment. The solid waste to be treated Waste is fed into the feed hopper 3, and solid waste falls on the one-way component. Its weight pushes the one-way component open and then falls into the crushing mechanism for crushing. After the solid waste falls, the one-way component automatically resets after losing external force, and the inlet of the feed hopper 3 is sealed to prevent the smoke and dust generated during crushing from escaping, thereby improving the environmental level and the treatment effect. The return air hole 4 on the one-way component is opened unidirectionally to the crushing mechanism, and when the dust collecting mechanism collects the scattered dust, the clean air from the outside can enter the feed hopper 3, avoiding the generation of negative pressure to affect the crushing, and at the same time, the dirty air can be driven out by the clean air, which is convenient for dust recovery and treatment, and reduces the impact of dust. The present invention has a compact structure, can quickly crush and recycle solid waste, greatly reduces the smoke and dust emission during the crushing process, and at the same time effectively recovers the scattered dust, reduces the impact on the environment, improves the efficiency and crushing effect of the crushing process, and is convenient for subsequent recycling.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present application, a dust collecting fan 30 is provided on the dust collecting pipe 5 to provide power for the flow of air containing dust and separate the dust at the same time.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present application, the air outlet of the dust collecting fan 30 enters the discharge pipe 2, which is perpendicular to the side wall of the discharge pipe 2, so that the air outlet is directed toward the screened qualified solid waste, achieving preliminary air selection and facilitating subsequent processing.

[0050] Further optimization scheme, the one-way component includes a mounting plate 6 arranged in the feed pipe, the bottom end of the mounting plate 6 is hinged with a symmetrically arranged one-way plate 7, and the two one-way plates 7 are hinged to the mounting plate 6 on the side away from each other; the free end of the one-way plate 7 is opened to the crushing mechanism in one direction; a telescopic rod 8 is hinged between the lower end of the free side of the one-way plate 7 and the side wall of the feed hopper 3. The mounting plate 6 is arranged in a ring shape, and its outer wall is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed hopper 3. Two symmetrically arranged one-way plates 7 block the inner hole of the mounting plate 6; when the solid waste enters the feed hopper 3 and falls on the one-way plate 7, the one-way plate 7 is forced to compress the telescopic rod 8, so that the telescopic rod 8 shrinks, and the one-way plate 7 deflects the crushing mechanism with the two ends away from each other as the axis, so that the solid waste slides into the crushing mechanism for crushing; and after the solid waste slides, the one-way plate 7 loses the external force, and the telescopic rod 8 automatically rebounds, so that the two one-way plates 7 are automatically reset, and the center hole of the mounting plate 6 is sealed to prevent the smoke generated by the crushing from escaping.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present application, a flexible sealing ring is embedded in the bottom end of the mounting plate 6 of this embodiment. When the one-way plate 7 is reset, the top end of the one-way plate 7 is in contact with the sealing ring, thereby improving the sealing performance. At the same time, it can also ensure that no hard collision occurs when the one-way plate 7 rebounds, thereby improving safety, reducing noise generation, and avoiding deformation of the one-way plate 7 caused by bumps, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance pressure.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, the side wall of the feed hopper 3 and the free end of the one-way plate 7 of this embodiment are provided with an articulated seat 9, and both ends of the telescopic rod 8 are provided with an articulated head 10 corresponding to the articulated seat 9, and the articulated head 10 is hinged to the articulated seat 9 through a rotating shaft.

[0053] Further optimization scheme, the return air holes 4 are arranged in an array with equal spacing on the one-way plate 7; the bottom end of the return air hole 4 is fixedly connected with a return air cap 11, and a lifting plate 12 is slidably arranged inside the return air cap 11, and the lifting plate 12 elastically slides between the upper and lower sides of the air inlet 13 on the side wall of the return air cap 11. The return air hole 4 is arranged on the one-way plate 7, and the bottom end thereof is covered with a return air cap 11, and the lifting plate 12 slides and rises inside the return air cap 11. When the smoke and dust generated are collected by exhausting air, negative pressure is generated in the feed hopper 3, and the negative pressure acts on the lifting plate 12 through the air inlet 13, so that the lifting plate 12 descends until the lifting plate 12 falls under the air inlet 13, so that the air inlet 13 is connected with the outside, and the fresh air from the outside enters the feed hopper 3 to replace the dirty air containing smoke and dust, so as to facilitate the collection of smoke and dust.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present application, a lifting rod 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting plate 12 of the present embodiment, and the bottom end of the lifting rod 14 extends out of the return air cap 11 and is slidably arranged with the return air cap 11; a return spring 15 is fixedly connected between the bottom end of the lifting rod 14 and the top end of the return air cap 11. When no external force is applied, the return spring 15 pushes the lifting plate 12 to rise above the air inlet hole 13, so that the air inlet hole 13 is disconnected from the outside world, forming a relatively sealed environment and avoiding the dispersion of smoke and dust; and when the air is exhausted and negative pressure is generated, the lifting plate 12 is lowered by the negative pressure, so that the lifting plate 12 slides to the bottom of the air inlet hole 13, so that the feed hopper 3 is connected with the outside world, so that the outside air enters the feed hopper 3, and at this time, the lifting rod 14 pulls the bottom end of the return spring 15 downward to further stretch it; and after the external force of the negative pressure is lost, the return spring 15 automatically resets to cause the lifting rod 14 to push the lifting plate 12 to rise and move to the top of the air inlet hole 13, so that the air inlet hole 13 is isolated from the outside world again, so that the feed hopper 3 is isolated from the outside world.

[0055] Further optimization scheme, the screening component includes a screening net 16 obliquely arranged in the discharge pipe 2, the screening net 16 is located below the crushing mechanism, and vibration components are arranged at both ends of the screening net 16 and in the bracket of the discharge pipe 2. After the solid waste is crushed, it forms particles and falls on the screening net 16. At the same time, the vibration component drives the screening net 16 to vibrate, so that the particles falling on the screening net 16 shake, which accelerates the screening of the particles. The particles that are crushed to be qualified are discharged through the discharge pipe 2 after passing through the screening net 16, and the unqualified particles will be recycled and crushed again.

[0056] A further optimized solution is that the vibration assembly includes a vibration hole 35 opened on the discharge pipe 2, an electromagnet 36 is arranged in the vibration hole 35, the electromagnet 36 and the permanent magnet 38 slidably arranged in the vibration hole 35 are mutually exclusive; a vibration rod 41 is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet 38, the vibration rod 41 extends out of the vibration hole 35 and is fixedly connected to the end of the screening net 16, and a plurality of vibration springs 39 are arranged between the vibration rod 41 and the vibration hole 35. The electromagnet 36 in the vibration hole 35 is electrically connected to the control module of the device through the control line 37, so that the current in the electromagnet 36 can be controlled to fluctuate regularly, so that the magnetism of the electromagnet 36 changes regularly, and thus provides regularly changing magnetism between it and the permanent magnet 38; when the crushed solid waste falls on the screening net 16, it hits the screening net 16 and changes the deadweight of the screening net 16. At the same time, the combined force between the permanent magnet 38 and the electromagnet 36 and the vibration spring 39 on the permanent magnet 38 makes the screening net 16 vibrate up and down, so that the solid waste falling on the screening net 16 slides toward the lower end of the screening net 16. In this process, the solid waste that meets the requirements and the solid waste that does not meet the requirements are separated. The solid waste that meets the requirements passes through the sieve holes of the screening net 16 for easy recycling, and the crushed solid waste that does not meet the requirements is discharged from the lower end of the screening net 16 and sent back to the crushing mechanism for crushing, ensuring that the solid waste that meets the requirements is removed, which is convenient for subsequent processing.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present application, a guide groove 40 is formed on the side wall of the vibration hole 35 , and the permanent magnet 38 slides in the guide groove 40 , and a plurality of vibration springs 39 are located between the guide groove 40 and the permanent magnet 38 .

[0058] In a further optimized solution, the lower end of the screening net 16 is connected to a discharge pipe 18, and the discharge pipe 18 is connected to a collection box 19, and the collection box 19 is connected to the feed hopper 3 above the crushing mechanism through a lifter 20. The lifter 20 is arranged between the collection box 19 and the feed hopper 3. When the unqualified solid waste screened out is discharged from the lower end of the screening net 16, it is sent into the collection box 19 through the discharge pipe 18, and then the unqualified solid waste is sent back to the feed level through the lifter 20 and falls into the crushing mechanism for crushing.

[0059] A further optimized solution is that the lifter 20 includes a return pipe 42 connected to the collecting box 19 and the feed hopper 3, the bottom end of the return pipe 42 is rotatably connected to a driving shaft 43, the top end of the inner cavity of the return pipe 42 is rotatably connected to a driven shaft 44, a lifting belt 45 is arranged between the driven shaft 44 and the driving shaft 43, and a lifting bucket 46 for lifting incompletely crushed solid waste is hingedly arranged on the lifting belt 45. The return pipe 42 is connected between the aggregate box 19 and the feed hopper 3, serving as a transportation channel for solid waste; the driving shaft 43 is transmission-connected to the lifting motor 32 outside the return pipe 42, driving the driving shaft 43 to rotate, and a return chain 47 is arranged between the driving shaft 43 and the driven shaft, and a flexible lifting belt 45 is arranged outside the return chain 47, thereby driving the lifting belt 45 to circulate between the driving shaft 43 and the driven shaft 44, thereby driving the lifting bucket 46 to move; when it is working, the lifting belt 45 can drive the lifting bucket 46 to transport the solid waste in the aggregate box 19 to the top of the return pipe 42, and then fall from the top of the return pipe 42, and send the solid waste into the transfer pipe 34 through the inclined guide plate 48, and then enter the crushing mechanism for crushing.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the cross-section of the return pipe 42 is a cross-shaped structure, the width of the lifting belt 45 is adapted to the width of the long side structure of the cross, and the lifting bucket 46 is adapted to the narrow side of the cross.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present application, a notch-shaped material guide groove 49 is provided on the material guide plate 48, and the material guide groove 49 is adapted to the lifting bucket 46, so that the lifting bucket 46 can pass through conveniently; a clearance hole 50 is provided at the bottom end of the material guide groove 49, and a telescopic plate 51 is elastically connected to the clearance hole 50 through a telescopic spring 52, and the telescopic plate 51 slides in the clearance groove; when the lifting bucket 46 reaches the top, it opens gradually downward, so that the solid waste therein falls onto the telescopic plate 51 and flows back into the crushing mechanism along the inclined material guide plate 48; and when the lifting bucket 46 gradually moves downward, the edge of the lifting bucket 46 presses the edge of the telescopic plate 51, so that the telescopic plate 51 moves into the telescopic hole, compressing the telescopic spring 52 until the telescopic plate 51 is retracted into the telescopic groove, so that the lifting bucket 46 can pass through conveniently; after the lifting bucket 46 passes, the telescopic spring 52 pushes the telescopic plate 51 to return to its original position, and again receives the solid waste of the next lifting bucket 46.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present application, retaining edges 53 are vertically disposed on both sides of the guide plate 48 to prevent the solid waste that has fallen onto the guide plate 48 from falling.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present application, a guide inclined plate 54 is provided between the side of the clearance hole 50 that contacts the solid waste and the edge of the guide plate 48 to facilitate the passage of the solid waste.

[0064] Further optimizing the scheme, the crushing mechanism includes a crushing box 21 installed on the base 1 and connected to the outlet of the feed hopper 3. Two relatively rotating crushing rollers 22 are arranged in the crushing box 21. The two crushing rollers 22 are arranged in a transmission and rotate relatively toward the middle. Any crushing roller 22 is connected to a crushing motor 23 arranged on the base 1. The two crushing rollers 22 rotate relatively in the crushing box 21. The crushing motor 23 serves as a driving source and drives any crushing roller 22 to rotate through a coupling 27. The two realize relative rotation through the meshing of the driving gear 28 and the driven gear 29, so that the solid waste is gathered in the middle and crushed to form small particles.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present application, two guide blocks 24 are arranged opposite to each other in the crushing box 21, and the two guide blocks 24 are inclined toward the area between the two crushing rollers 22. The cross section of the guide block 24 is triangular, so that the solid waste falling into the feed hopper 3 is guided between the two crushing rollers 22, which is convenient for crushing.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present application, a plurality of crushing teeth 25 are provided on the outer wall of the crushing roller 22, and the crushing teeth 25 correspondingly provided on the two crushing rollers 22 are staggered to hook the solid waste between the two crushing rollers 22. The crushing teeth 25 are arranged in a hook shape and face the position between the two crushing rollers 22, so that they can hook the solid waste, facilitate crushing, prevent the solid waste from sliding, and improve the efficiency of crushing; at the same time, the staggered crushing teeth 25 can increase the crushing efficiency of the two crushing rollers 22 and improve the crushing effect.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present application, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the two crushing rollers 22, and the crushing teeth 25 are installed on the crushing rollers 22 by bolts, so that the position can be easily adjusted and the crushing teeth 25 can be easily disassembled for maintenance and replacement. Firstly, the process difficulty caused by the integral production of the crushing rollers 22 is reduced, and at the same time, the overall replacement can be avoided after damage, and the damaged crushing teeth 25 can be removed and replaced.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present application, a control box 26 is provided on the base 1, and a control module is provided in the control box 26 for controlling the automatic operation of the device. The control module in the control box 26 has programmable capability, can control the operation of the device, and realize automatic control; at the same time, the control module can also monitor the operation status of the device. When the abnormal operation of the device is detected, the control module issues an alarm and controls the device to stop working to prevent a larger fault from occurring.

[0069] The present invention also discloses a treatment method based on a mine solid waste treatment device, comprising the following steps:

[0070] Perform maintenance on the equipment to ensure that it operates normally, and then fix it to the processing site through the base 1;

[0071] Selecting solid waste materials to be processed, and feeding the solid waste materials into the feed hopper 3 of the feed assembly;

[0072] When the solid waste accumulated in the feed hopper 3 reaches a set amount, its own weight opens the one-way assembly and falls into the crushing mechanism, where the solid waste is processed;

[0073] The crushed solid waste falls onto the screening assembly for screening. The crushed solid waste that meets the conditions is filtered by the screening assembly and discharged from the discharge pipe 2. The crushed solid waste that does not meet the conditions is intercepted by the screening assembly and flows back to the inner cavity of the feed hopper 3, and is crushed again by the crushing mechanism;

[0074] During the solid waste treatment process, the dust collecting mechanism is turned on to extract and filter the inside of the pulverizing mechanism, collect the dust generated by the pulverizing and return it to the feed hopper 3, and the outside air enters the pulverizing mechanism through the one-way open air return hole 4.

[0075] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0076] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mining solid waste treatment device, characterized in that: include: A base (1), serving as the foundation of the device and used to fix the device; A pulverizing mechanism is arranged on a base (1) and is used for pulverizing solid waste, wherein an outlet at the bottom end of the pulverizing mechanism is connected to a discharge pipe (2) arranged on the base (1), and a screening component for screening the pulverized solid waste is arranged on the discharge pipe (2); The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper (3), wherein an openable and closable one-way component is arranged in the feeding hopper (3), and the one-way component is automatically reset after the solid waste pushes open the one-way component and enters the pulverizing mechanism; An air return hole (4), the air return hole (4) being arranged on the one-way component and opening in one direction toward the pulverizing mechanism; The dust collecting mechanism comprises a dust collecting pipe (5), one end of which is connected to a feed hopper (3), and the other end of which is connected to a discharge pipe (2) to recover dust generated by pulverization.

2. The mining solid waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way component comprises a mounting plate (6) arranged in the feed pipe, the bottom end of the mounting plate (6) is hinged with a symmetrically arranged one-way plate (7), and the sides of the two one-way plates (7) that are away from each other are hinged to the mounting plate (6); the free end of the one-way plate (7) opens in one direction toward the pulverizing mechanism.

3. The mining solid waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A telescopic rod (8) is hinged between the lower end of the free side of the one-way plate (7) and the side wall of the feed hopper (3).

4. The mining solid waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air return holes (4) are arranged in an array at equal intervals on the one-way plate (7); an air return cap (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the air return hole (4); a lifting plate (12) is slidably arranged inside the air return cap (11); the lifting plate (12) elastically slides between the upper and lower sides of the air inlet hole (13) on the side wall of the air return cap (11).

5. The mining solid waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening component comprises a screening net (16) obliquely arranged in the discharge pipe (2), the screening net (16) being located below the pulverizing mechanism, and vibration components being arranged at both ends of the screening net (16) and in a bracket of the discharge pipe (2).

6. The mining solid waste treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vibration assembly comprises a vibration hole (35) opened on the discharge pipe (2), an electromagnet (36) is arranged in the vibration hole (35), and the electromagnet (36) and a permanent magnet (38) slidably arranged in the vibration hole (35) are mutually exclusive. A vibration rod (41) is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet (38), and the vibration rod (41) extends out of the vibration hole (35) and is fixedly connected to the end of the screening net (16), and a plurality of vibration springs (39) are arranged between the vibration rod (41) and the vibration hole (35).

7. The mining solid waste treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the screening net (16) is connected to a discharge pipe (18), and the discharge pipe (18) is connected to a collection box (19). The collection box (19) is connected to the feed hopper (3) above the crushing mechanism through a lifter (20).

8. The mining solid waste treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifter (20) includes a return pipe (42) connected to the collecting box (19) and the feed hopper (3); the bottom end of the return pipe (42) is rotatably connected to a driving shaft (43); the top end of the inner cavity of the return pipe (42) is rotatably connected to a driven shaft (44); a lifting belt (45) is arranged between the driven shaft (44) and the driving shaft (43); and a lifting bucket (46) is hingedly arranged on the lifting belt (45) for lifting incompletely crushed solid waste.

9. The mining solid waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing mechanism comprises a pulverizing box (21) mounted on the base (1) and connected to the outlet of the feed hopper (3), wherein two pulverizing rollers (22) which rotate relative to each other are arranged in the pulverizing box (21), and the two pulverizing rollers (22) are arranged in a transmission manner and rotate relative to each other toward the middle, and any one of the pulverizing rollers (22) is in a transmission connection with a pulverizing motor (23) arranged on the base (1).

10. A method for treating solid waste from a mine, based on the device for treating solid waste from a mine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Perform maintenance on the equipment to ensure that it operates normally, and then fix it to the processing site through the base (1); Selecting solid waste materials to be processed, and feeding the solid waste materials into a feed hopper (3) of a feed assembly; When the solid waste accumulated in the feed hopper (3) reaches a set amount, its own weight opens the one-way assembly and falls into the crushing mechanism, where the solid waste is processed; The crushed solid waste falls onto the screening component for screening. The crushed solid waste that meets the conditions is filtered by the screening component and discharged from the discharge pipe (2). The crushed solid waste that does not meet the conditions is intercepted by the screening component and flows back to the inner cavity of the feed hopper (3) to be crushed again by the crushing mechanism. During the solid waste treatment process, the dust collecting mechanism is turned on to extract and filter the inside of the pulverizing mechanism, collect the dust generated by the pulverizing and return it to the feed hopper (3), and the outside air enters the pulverizing mechanism through the one-way open air return hole (4).

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