Precision forging and pressing die

Abstract

The invention discloses a fine forging die, which relates to the technical field of dies and comprises an upper die seat plate and a lower die seat plate, the upper die seat plate and the lower die seat plate are fixedly connected with an upper fixing plate and a lower fixing plate respectively, a push plate is arranged between the lower fixing plate and a lower die seat, a lower punch is fixed in the middle of the push plate, and a lower die plate is arranged on the upper end face of the lower fixing plate. The upper fixing plate is connected with an upper die plate, the upper die base plate or the upper fixing plate is fixedly provided with an upper punch, a wedge is arranged between the upper die plate and the lower die plate, a side cavity is formed through the wedge, an ejector rod is fixed to the lower end face of the upper fixing plate, and a limiting column is fixed to the upper surface of the lower die base plate. The upper punch and the lower punch are arranged, the lower punch can move downwards after primary punching, the situation of downward cutting cannot be formed during secondary punching of the upper punch, primary punching and secondary punching are conducted on the same die, two dies and two punching machines are not needed, and the overall efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dies, in particular to a precision forging die. Background Art

[0002] Forging is a combination of forging and stamping. It is a forming method that uses the hammer, anvil, punch or die of a forging machine to apply pressure to the blank to cause plastic deformation, thereby obtaining a part of the desired shape and size.

[0003] For workpieces with hollow structures at both ends, a punch is required to press down and punch open from one end through a press during forging. When forging medium and large workpieces, due to the particularity of their mass, forging is achieved by multiple people. For general small workpieces, their mass is relatively small. Due to the stability and accuracy of the punching position, a special mold is required to achieve punching. However, the existing method is to only set a punch on the upper mold, and then use the punch to punch open the workpiece in the mold cavity from top to bottom to achieve hollow modeling and forging. This method has certain defects, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the punch continuously squeezes the workpiece to the bottom and around the punch during the downward movement of the workpiece. When the punch is close to the bottom of the workpiece, part of the workpiece will be cut off (black area). For workpieces with deep punching depth, if the diameter of the punching hole is also relatively small, then the slender structure will undoubtedly make the punch weak. If the secondary punching method is used, two sets of dies or symmetrical workpiece reversal are required. Not only is the production efficiency relatively low, but the loss of one punching is also random, resulting in different forging quality of the workpiece. To this end, we propose a precision forging die. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a precision forging die to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] The cam is secured to the bottom of the die and the bottom of the die is secured to the bottom of the die by a spring, which is fixed to the top of the die and the bottom of the die by a spring.

[0006] Preferably, at least one step is provided on the lower punch, and an inclined guide column is fixed to the lower end surface of the lower template, and a cavity filling plate is slidably connected via the inclined guide column.

[0007] Preferably, the filling contact surface between the lower template and the cavity filling plate is provided with a vertical section, the cavity filling plate is adapted to be arranged, and the upper end portion of the inclined guide column has a smaller diameter than the lower end portion, so that the cavity filling plate can move left and right.

[0008] Preferably, a first elastic member is fixed to the lower end surface of the lower template, and the other end of the first elastic member slides against the cavity filling plate.

[0009] Preferably, the upper mold plate consists of a main body and an upper cavity plate.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end surface of the lower template is provided with a boss, the side cavity can be slidably arranged on the inclined wedge up and down, and a second elastic member is provided between the two, and the side cavity can be slidably inserted into the boss of the lower template up and down.

[0011] Preferably, a wedge block is provided on the lower end surface of the upper template along the outer edge of the side cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the first pressure member and the second pressure member are both nitrogen springs.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention provides two upper and lower punches, and the lower punch can move downward after the first punching, so that the upper punch will not cut downward when punching the second time, and the first punching and the second punching are both in the same die, so there is no need for two dies and two punching machines, and there is no need to change the direction of the workpiece, so the overall efficiency is higher;

[0015] The present invention does not cut material when the punch punches holes, thus effectively reducing the loss of the initial amount of the workpiece, thereby achieving a better forging effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the existing punching method;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the half-section structure;

[0019] Figure 4 This is the state diagram of the lower punch entering the workpiece;

[0020] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the punching state of the upper punch after the lower punch moves downward;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the final mold closing state of the cavity;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the upper mold plate, the side cavity, and a structural relationship diagram between the inclined wedge and the side cavity;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a top view of the upper template;

[0024] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Front view of.

[0025] In the figure: 1-upper die base plate; 2-lower die base plate; 3-lining plate; 4-upper fixed plate; 5-lower fixed plate; 6-push plate; 7-lower punch; 8-lower template; 9-upper template; 10-upper punch; 11-first pressure member; 12-second pressure member; 13-oblique wedge; 14-side cavity; 15-push rod; 16-limiting column; 17-step; 18-oblique guide column; 19-cavity filling plate; 20-vertical section; 21-first elastic member; 22-boss; 23-second elastic member; 24-wedge block; 901-main body; 902-upper cavity plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a precision forging die, comprising an upper die base plate 1, Figure 3From the perspective of top to bottom, the upper die base plate 1, lining plate 3, upper fixed plate 4, upper die plate 9, side cavity 14, lower die plate 8, lower fixed plate 5, push plate 6, lining plate 3 and lower die base plate 2 are arranged in sequence. The up and down sliding between the plates are realized by guide pillars, and the plates are connected and fixed by pins or bolts. They are all conventional structural designs in the mold, so they are not described. The first pressure member 11 is installed on the lower surface of the upper die base plate 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper die plate 9, and an avoidance hole is opened on the upper fixed plate 4. The upper punch 10 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the upper die base plate 1 or the lower surface of the upper fixed plate 4, depending on the space between the upper die plate 9 and the upper fixed plate 4 and the stroke of the upper punch 10. The lower surface of the upper fixed plate 4 is also fixed with a push rod 15, which is used to push the push plate 6 downward, and each intermediate plate is provided with an avoidance hole;

[0028] The second pressure member 12 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the lower die base plate 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the push plate 6. The lower punch 7 is mounted in the middle area of ​​the upper surface of the push plate 6, and the axis of the upper punch 10 and the lower punch 7 are colinear. The lower template 8 is slidably arranged on the lower fixed plate 5 (with a spring or other reset mechanism arranged in the middle). When the lower punch 7 is inserted into the workpiece, the lower punch 7 itself plays a major supporting role. At this time, the lower template 8 only plays a supporting role before the workpiece contacts the lower punch 7.

[0029] The side cavity 14 is used to produce a convex or concave shape in the circumferential direction of the workpiece. The upper part of the inclined wedge 13 is installed on the lower surface of the upper template 9, and the lower part of the inclined wedge 13 is installed on the upper surface of the lower template 8. The side edge is used to connect the side cavity 14. The side cavity 14 is arranged into several pieces depending on the directionality of the convex or concave shape of the final workpiece surface. The limit column 16 limits the final downward movement position of the push plate 6;

[0030] First, the upper and lower molds are separated. At this time, the initial state of the inclined wedge 13, that is, the side cavity 14 is away from the workpiece, and the workpiece is placed at the center of the upper surface of the lower mold plate 8. The upper mold moves downward under the drive of the press, and the upper mold plate 9 and the upper punch 10 contact the upper surface of the workpiece. The first pressure piece 11 and the second pressure piece 12 can use rectangular springs with a certain initial pressure value, that is, before reaching a certain pressure, the two pressure pieces are not compressed. In order to maintain good stability, a nitrogen spring is preferably used. The nitrogen spring has an initial force value, and the initial force value of the first pressure piece 11 is greater than that of the second pressure piece 12, so that the lower punch 7 can enter the workpiece first and punch a hole from the bottom at one time. Because the first pressure piece 11 and the second pressure piece 12 are not compressed, the upper punch 10 is flush with the upper mold plate 9, and thus will not enter the workpiece (the upper punch 10 may not be flush with the upper mold plate 9, Figure 3 and Figure 4 There are two states: flush and uneven. Figure 4The upper punch 10 enters the part first), but at this time the lower punch 7 enters the workpiece, and the push plate 6 moves downward with the upper die, and the push rod 15 contacts the push plate 6, causing the push plate 6 to move downward (the initial pressure value of the first pressure member 11 is greater than the second pressure member 12, and both are greater than the pressure value of the lower punch 7 entering a certain depth into the workpiece). Before or at the same time as the lower die plate 8 moves downward and contacts the lower fixed plate 5, the push rod 15 contacts the push plate 6. After the push rod 15 pushes the push plate 6, the lower punch 7 moves downward relative to the workpiece, and before the push plate 6 moves downward After that, the first pressure member 11 is compressed, the upper punch 10 starts to punch, and because the lower template 8 contacts the lower fixed plate 5, the inclined wedge 13 starts to move to close the mold. Because the workpiece expands outward as a whole and has a larger area, there is only a very small amount of protrusion, and because the forged workpiece is in a fast hardening state, the side cavity 14 extrusion will not cause the workpiece to flow outward. Before the side cavity 14 is closed, the groove formed by the upper punch 10 and the lower punch 7 is connected, so that the workpiece is wrapped around the punch from the side, and no Figure 1 The conditions shown result in stock removal.

[0031] See also Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Fig. 9 The diameter of the lower punch 7 can only be slightly larger than the diameter of the upper punch 10, because if it is too large, it will cause excessive circumferential extrusion of the workpiece, which is not conducive to the closing of the side cavity 14. A step 17 is provided to facilitate the formation of a larger aperture at the lower port of the workpiece, so that the workpiece is continuously extruded while the upper punch 10 moves downward, and when the lower punch 7 reaches the final position, the workpiece is synchronously formed. Preferably, the step 17 is a rounded corner or a right-angled edge transition. Compared with the right-angled edge, the rounded corner or the inclined surface ensures that the workpiece will not be folded downward to produce a cavity structure when the upper punch 10 moves downward for extrusion;

[0032] When the lower punch 7 has a step 17, the lower template 8 needs to be adapted to avoid, so the bottom of the workpiece cannot form a complete closed cavity, so a cavity filling plate 19 is provided to compensate for it. Because of the step 17, the contact between the cavity filling plate 19 and the lower template 8 is an inclined contact, so that the cavity filling plate 19 can be moved obliquely through the oblique guide column 18 and finally completely close the cavity;

[0033] A third pressure piece is also arranged at the bottom of the lower template 8 (because it has the same function as the first pressure piece 11 and the second pressure piece 12 and the method is also conventional, so it is not shown). The third pressure piece can be arranged on the lower fixed plate 5 or on the lower mold base plate 2 to support the lower template 8. It is selected according to the specific stroke and space, and the initial force value of the third pressure piece is greater than that of the second pressure piece 12, so that when the lower punch 7 moves downward relative to the workpiece, the lower template 8 does not move. After the lower punch 7 is moved away, the lower template 8 moves downward, and the cavity filling plate 19 is moved to close the cavity through the inclined guide column 18.

[0034] See also Fig. 9 , a step 17 is set on the lower punch 7 so that the lower template 8 avoids the movement of the cavity filling plate 19, so the inner edge of the lower template 8 forms a ring-shaped scissors mouth, which has low strength, so a vertical section 20 is set to improve the strength. In contrast, the cavity filling plate 19 needs to move obliquely under the action of the oblique guide column 18 and then needs to move left and right and up and down in a small range. Therefore, the oblique guide column 18 is set into two sections, the diameter of the upper section is smaller than the lower section, and the hole on the cavity filling plate 19 corresponds to the lower section, so that the cavity filling plate 19 moves in a directional manner for a certain distance and then enters the corresponding position of the upper section, so that it can move in a small range of space, thereby entering the vertical section 20 of the lower template 8 and moving upward (the lower template 8 moves downward and contacts the lower fixed plate 5, causing upward movement), so that the strength of the lower template 8 is not weakened while the step 17 is set;

[0035] Furthermore, because the upper section of the inclined guide pillar 18 has a smaller diameter, when the plates are reset, the cavity filling plate 19 may have difficulty entering the lower section of the inclined guide pillar 18 by gravity alone. Therefore, a first elastic member 21 is provided on the lower end surface of the cavity filling plate 19, preferably a spring, such as Fig. 9 As shown, because the first elastic member 21 needs to not affect the fitting state between the lower template 8 and the cavity filling plate 19, an inner groove is opened on the lower end surface of the lower template 8 for placing the first elastic member 21, and a groove may also be opened on the upper end surface of the cavity filling plate 19, with the two ends corresponding.

[0036] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 The upper template 9 is divided into two parts, namely, the upper cavity plate 902 corresponds to the cavity part, and the main body 901 corresponds to the conventional mold plate structure. Because the frame structure of the mold can be universal, the surface shape of the replaced workpiece structure may not be much different. By replacing part of the cavity structure, it can be used again, and there is no need to open the mold again, which reduces the overall cost.

[0037] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9A boss 22 is provided on the upper end surface of the lower mold plate 8, and the side cavity 14 can be surrounded by the boss 22, so as to offset part of the side pressure generated by the molding pressure on the wedge 13, and an inclined surface is provided on the top of the inner surface of the boss 22 to facilitate the entry of the side cavity 14;

[0038] Similarly, in order to further offset the lateral force of the side cavity 14, a wedge block 24 is provided on the lower end surface of the upper template 9. The wedge blocks 24 can be provided in all directions without affecting the movement of the inclined wedge 13 and the side cavity 14. The side surface of the inclined wedge 13 is connected to the side cavity 14 through a workpiece. One side of the workpiece slides with the side cavity 14 through a T-shaped structure, and a second elastic member 23 is provided therebetween, so that the side cavity 14 can move in an upper and lower range. Therefore, there will be no impact, and the side cavity 14 can pass over the wedge block 24 on the forward trajectory.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A precision forging die, comprising an upper die base plate (1) and a lower die base plate (2), wherein the upper die base plate (1) and the lower die base plate (2) are respectively fixedly connected to an upper fixing plate (4) and a lower fixing plate (5) via a lining plate (3), characterized in that: A push plate (6) is slidably arranged between the lower fixed plate (5) and the lower die base, and a lower punch (7) is fixed in the middle of the push plate (6); a lower template (8) is arranged on the upper end surface of the lower fixed plate (5); an upper template (9) is slidably connected to the lower end surface of the upper fixed plate (4) via a guide column; an upper punch (10) is fixed on the upper die base plate (1) or the upper fixed plate (4); an end diameter of the upper punch (10) is smaller than an end diameter of the lower punch (7); a first pressure member (11) is arranged between the upper template (9) and the upper die base plate (1); A second pressure member (12) is provided between the lower die base plate (2) and the push plate (6), an inclined wedge (13) is provided between the upper die plate (9) and the lower die plate (8), and a side cavity (14) is installed through the inclined wedge (13), a push rod (15) is fixed to the lower end surface of the upper fixed plate (4), and the push rod (15) contacts the push plate (6) and pushes the push plate (6) downward before the upper punch (10) and the lower punch (7) respectively enter the workpiece but do not contact, and a limiting column (16) is fixed to the upper surface of the lower die base plate (2).

2. A precision forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower punch (7) is provided with at least one step (17), and an inclined guide column (18) is fixed to the lower end surface of the lower mold plate (8), and a cavity filling plate (19) is slidably connected via the inclined guide column (18).

3. A precision forging die according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filling contact surface between the lower template (8) and the cavity filling plate (19) is provided with a vertical section (20), the cavity filling plate (19) is adapted to be arranged, and the upper end of the inclined guide column (18) has a smaller diameter than the lower end, so that the cavity filling plate (19) can move left and right.

4. A precision forging die according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first elastic member (21) is fixed to the lower end surface of the lower mold plate (8), and the other end of the first elastic member (21) slides against the cavity filling plate (19).

5. The precision forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper mold plate (9) is composed of a main body (901) and an upper mold cavity plate (902).

6. The precision forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the lower template (8) is provided with a boss (22), the side cavity (14) is slidably arranged on the inclined wedge (13) up and down, and a second elastic member (23) is provided between the two, and the side cavity (14) is slidably arranged up and down to be inserted into the boss (22) of the lower template (8).

7. A precision forging die according to claim 6, characterized in that: A wedge block (24) is provided on the lower end surface of the upper mold plate (9) along the outer edge of the side cavity (14).

8. The precision forging die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressure piece (11) and the second pressure piece (12) are both nitrogen springs.

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