A method for constructing and applying a gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and an alloy steel matrix.

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for constructing and applying a gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and an alloy steel matrix. First, Zr-Fe alloy powder and ZTA micro powder are mixed with ethanol to form a slurry, which is then coated onto the surface of ZTA particles and pre-sintered to obtain ZTA particles with a Zr-Fe-ZTA coating layer. Next, the ZTA particles with the Zr-Fe-ZTA coating layer are immersed in a slurry prepared from Zr-Fe alloy powder, alloy steel powder, and ethanol to achieve a secondary coating of the ZTA particle surface. Finally, pressureless sintering is performed to prepare a ZTA ceramic preform. Due to the bridging effect of the double-layer coating of Zr-Fe-ZTA and Zr-Fe-alloy steel powder, a metallurgical interface is formed between the ZTA ceramic and the alloy steel. Therefore, the impact and abrasive wear resistance of the ZTA ceramic particle-reinforced alloy steel composite material is greatly improved, making it applicable to the preparation and production of ZTA ceramic particle-reinforced alloy steel composite materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of materials processing, specifically relating to a method for constructing and applying a gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and an alloy steel matrix. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry, the demanding operating conditions are placing increasingly higher requirements on the wear resistance of metal wear-resistant parts. Most wear-resistant parts not only require high hardness on the working surface, but also high toughness throughout, enabling them to withstand impacts and resist breakage. Traditional cast iron and alloy steel are insufficient to meet these requirements, necessitating the development of new wear-resistant metal materials.

[0003] Wear-resistant alloy steels are suitable for applications under abrasive wear conditions with certain impact loads, such as mining machinery, construction machinery, railway equipment, and metallurgical equipment. Low-alloy wear-resistant steels typically possess high strength, high hardness, and high toughness; their strength and hardness are higher than wear-resistant manganese steel, making them a viable alternative to manganese steel in non-high-impact wear conditions. Furthermore, their ductility and toughness are higher than wear-resistant cast iron, resulting in a longer service life when applied to wear conditions with certain impact loads. In recent years, to enhance their resistance to impact abrasive wear, researchers have attempted to introduce ZTA ceramic particles as an external reinforcing phase into the alloy steel matrix, hoping to significantly improve the impact abrasive wear resistance of alloy steel by preparing ZTA ceramic particle-reinforced alloy steel matrix composites. However, currently, alloy steel wear-resistant materials are mainly prepared using casting methods. To reduce equipment investment and rapidly advance the large-scale, low-cost preparation and engineering application of ZTA ceramic particle-reinforced alloy steel composites, using existing alloy steel casting production lines is the optimal choice for preparing these composites. Due to the differences in physical and chemical properties between ZTA ceramic particles and alloy steel matrix, the key prerequisite for achieving high-quality preparation of ZTA-reinforced alloy steel matrix composites by casting is to thoroughly solve the problems of poor wettability and weak interfacial bonding between ZTA ceramic particles and alloy steel matrix. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the primary objective of this invention is to provide a method for constructing a gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and an alloy steel matrix. First, a slurry of Zr-Fe alloy powder and ZTA micro powder is prepared using anhydrous ethanol and coated onto the surface of the ZTA particles. After drying, the sintering process is carried out at 1050–1150°C. Then, the surface-modified ZTA particles are immersed in a slurry prepared from a mixture of Zr-Fe alloy powder, ball-milled alloy steel powder, and anhydrous ethanol, achieving a secondary coating of the ZTA particle surface. Finally, the ZTA particles with the double coating layer are mixed and placed into a custom mold, and sintered without pressure at 1300–1400°C to prepare a ZTA ceramic preform. This preform is then cast using a casting infiltration method, thereby constructing a gradient metallurgical composite interface between the ZTA ceramic particles and the alloy steel matrix.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned method for constructing a gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and an alloy steel matrix.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for constructing a gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and an alloy steel matrix includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) Zr-Fe alloy powder and ZTA micro powder are mixed by ball milling to obtain FeZr-ZTA mixed powder; Zr-Fe alloy powder and alloy steel powder are mixed by ball milling to obtain FeZr-alloy steel mixed powder;

[0009] (2) Mix the FeZr-ZTA mixed powder from step (1) with anhydrous ethanol to obtain a slurry. Then, immerse the ZTA particles in the slurry so that the slurry adheres to the surface of the ZTA particles. Take out the ZTA particles and dry them. Repeat the steps of immersing the dried ZTA particles in the slurry, taking them out, and drying them 2 to 5 times to make the surface of the ZTA particles completely and evenly coated with the slurry. Then, pre-sinter at 1050 to 1150°C to obtain ZTA particles with an FeZr-ZTA coating layer.

[0010] (3) Mix the FeZr-alloy steel mixed powder from step (1) with anhydrous ethanol to obtain a slurry. Then, immerse the ZTA particles with FeZr-ZTA coating obtained in step (2) into the slurry so that the FeZr-alloy steel mixed powder is uniformly coated on the surface of the ZTA particles. Take them out and dry them. Finally, put the coated ZTA ceramic particles into a mold for sintering to obtain a ZTA ceramic porous preform with surface coating activation treatment.

[0011] (4) Fix the ZTA ceramic porous preform obtained in step (3) into the casting cavity, and cast the high-temperature alloy steel melt into the cavity to realize the construction of the gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and alloy steel matrix and the preparation of ZTA reinforced alloy steel matrix composite material.

[0012] Preferably, the average particle size of the Zr-Fe alloy powder and alloy steel powder in step (1) is 200-300 mesh.

[0013] Preferably, in the Zr-Fe alloy powder of step (1), the mass percentage of Zr is 20-30%.

[0014] Preferably, the average particle size of the ZTA micro powder in step (1) is 5-8 μm.

[0015] Preferably, in the Zr-Fe alloy powder and ZTA micro powder mixture in step (1), the proportion of Zr-Fe alloy powder is 30-50 wt.%; and in the Zr-Fe alloy powder and alloy steel powder mixture, the proportion of Zr-Fe alloy powder is 10-20 wt.%.

[0016] Preferably, the ball milling in step (1) is a low-speed planetary ball mill with a ball diameter of 5-8 mm, a weight ratio of the ball to the mixed powder of 5:1-8:1, a ball mill speed of 200-300 r / min, and a ball milling time of 300-420 min.

[0017] Preferably, the average particle size of the ZTA particles in step (2) is 8 to 12 mesh.

[0018] Preferably, in step (2), by weight percentage, FeZr-ZTA mixed powder accounts for 10-15 wt.%, anhydrous ethanol accounts for 10-15 wt.%, and the remainder is ZTA particles.

[0019] Preferably, the pre-sintering time in step (2) is 60 to 120 minutes.

[0020] Preferably, in step (3), by weight percentage, the FeZr-alloy steel mixed powder accounts for 15-25 wt.%, anhydrous ethanol accounts for 20-25 wt.%, and the balance is ZTA particles with FeZr-ZTA coating.

[0021] Preferably, the pressureless sintering temperature in step (3) is 1300-1400℃.

[0022] Preferably, the pressureless sintering time in step (3) is 120 to 180 minutes.

[0023] Preferably, the drying in steps (2) and (3) refers to drying under vacuum conditions at 60-80°C for 2-4 hours.

[0024] Preferably, the slurry coating particles described in steps (2) and (3) need to be stirred in order to make the raw materials mix evenly. The rotation speed commonly used in the art can achieve the purpose of this step, so there is no need to limit the stirring speed. It is preferred to use a glass rod to stir for 5 to 10 minutes.

[0025] Preferably, the ball milling mixing in step (1), the pre-sintering in step (2), and the pressureless sintering in step (3) are all carried out in an inert gas atmosphere, which can be at least one of argon, helium, and nitrogen.

[0026] Preferably, the furnace outlet temperature of the alloy steel melt in step (4) is controlled at 1600±20℃, the casting temperature is controlled at 1550±20℃, and slag removal and deoxidation treatment are required before casting.

[0027] Preferably, the alloy steel in step (4) is a non-manganese medium-high carbon medium-low alloy steel.

[0028] This invention provides a ZTA-reinforced alloy steel matrix composite material, obtained by the above-mentioned method for constructing a gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and an alloy steel matrix.

[0029] This invention provides the application of the aforementioned ZTA-reinforced alloy steel-based composite material.

[0030] Preferably, the composite material can be widely used in fields such as metallurgy, mining, construction, machinery and power where impact abrasive wear occurs.

[0031] This invention introduces two coating layers, ZrFe-ZTA and ZrFe-alloy steel, and utilizes the high compatibility between the ZrFe-ZTA layer and ZTA ceramic particles, as well as between the Zr-Fe-alloy steel and the alloy steel matrix, to construct a composition gradient composite metallurgical bonding interface between the ZTA ceramic particles and the alloy steel matrix. This fully realizes a strong interfacial bond between the ZTA ceramic particles and the alloy steel matrix, greatly improving the service reliability and lifespan of the ZTA ceramic particle reinforced alloy steel matrix composite material under impact load and abrasive wear conditions.

[0032] The mechanism of this invention is as follows:

[0033] This invention primarily involves gradient double-layer coating treatment of ZTA particles. On one hand, it utilizes the good wettability of the FeZr-ZTA coating layer with the ZTA ceramic particles and the ability to undergo component diffusion and in-situ interfacial reactions to achieve metallurgical bonding between the ZTA ceramic particles and the gradient composite interface region. On the other hand, it utilizes the good intrinsic wettability of the FeZr-alloy steel coating layer with the alloy steel matrix and the ability to undergo component interdiffusion to achieve metallurgical bonding between the composite interface region and the alloy steel matrix. This allows for the construction of a gradient composite metallurgical interface between the ZTA ceramic particles and the alloy steel matrix, and the preparation of high-quality composite materials using a casting infiltration method. A schematic diagram of the gradient composite metallurgical interface structure is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0035] (1) By coating the surface of ZTA ceramic particles with a double coating layer of ZrFe-ZTA and ZrFe-alloy steel, and simultaneously coupling the thermal diffusion and thermally induced in-situ reaction process during the casting and infiltration process, the problems of poor wettability and weak interfacial bonding between ZTA ceramic particles and alloy steel are completely solved. A gradient composite metallurgical bonding interface is constructed between ZTA ceramic particles and alloy steel matrix, which significantly improves the impact abrasive wear resistance of composite materials.

[0036] (2) The double-layer coating process used in this invention has low raw material cost and wide availability. Compared with existing alloy steel products, the manufacturing cost of ZTA ceramic particle reinforced alloy steel composite material is relatively low, which is beneficial to market promotion.

[0037] (3) The invention has low equipment requirements, good compatibility with existing industrial equipment, and can achieve its purpose by using existing industrial production equipment, making it easy to achieve large-scale production and industrial application. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the gradient composite interface structure between ZTA ceramic particles and alloy steel matrix;

[0039] Figure 2 Image of the ZTA ceramic porous preform formed by sintering ZTA ceramic particles with a double layer of ZrFe-ZTA and ZrFe-alloy steel in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 3 EDS line scan spectrum of the gradient composite metallurgical bonding interface in the ZTA ceramic particle reinforced alloy steel matrix composite material prepared in Example 2;

[0041] Figure 4 EDS surface scan spectrum of the gradient composite metallurgical bonding interface in the ZTA ceramic particle reinforced alloy steel matrix composite material prepared in Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified in the embodiments of this invention, the conditions shall be performed according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. All raw materials and reagents used, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available conventional products.

[0044] The ball mill used in the examples is a conventional medium-low speed planetary ball mill. The alloy steel involved is a non-manganese-based medium-high carbon medium-low alloy steel.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] (1) First, weigh out pure (99.99% purity) Zr-Fe alloy powder with an average particle size of 200 mesh (Zr content of 20 wt.%), ZTA micro powder with an average particle size of 5 μm, and alloy steel powder with an average particle size of 200 mesh. Then, according to the mass ratio, ball mill and mix Zr-Fe alloy powder (30 wt.%), ZTA micro powder, and Zr-Fe powder (10 wt.%) with alloy steel powder separately to obtain Zr-Fe-ZTA mixed powder and Zr-Fe-alloy steel mixed powder, respectively. The ball milling process parameters used to prepare the two mixed powders are the same, as follows: grinding ball diameter 5 mm, ball-to-material ratio 5:1, rotation speed 200 r / min, ball milling time 420 min, and nitrogen as the protective atmosphere.

[0047] (2) Pour the Zr-Fe-ZTA mixed powder obtained in step (1) into a container, add an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol, and stir continuously until a thick slurry is formed. Then add the ZTA particles that have been ultrasonically cleaned (by weight percentage, Zr-Fe-ZTA mixed powder accounts for 15%, anhydrous ethanol accounts for 10%, and the remainder is ZTA particles with a size of 8 mesh), and stir continuously to coat the ZTA particles with the slurry. Then take them out and put them into an 80℃ vacuum drying oven to dry for 2 hours until the anhydrous ethanol is completely evaporated and removed. Repeat the operation 2 to 3 times until the ZTA particles are completely coated with the slurry. Finally, put the dried ZTA particles into a furnace and sinter them at 1150℃ for 60 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere. After the furnace cools to room temperature, take them out to obtain ZTA particles with ZrFe-ZTA coated on the surface.

[0048] (3) Pour the Zr-Fe-alloy steel mixed powder obtained by mechanical ball milling in step (1) into a container, add an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol, and stir continuously until a thick slurry is formed. Then add the ZTA particles that have undergone one-time coating treatment in step (2) into the slurry and stir continuously. The Zr-Fe-alloy steel mixed powder accounts for 15% by weight, the anhydrous ethanol accounts for 25%, and the remainder is the ZTA particles that have undergone one-time coating treatment in step (2). Place the resulting mixture into a corundum mold with dimensions of Φ40mm×60mm, and then dry it at 60℃ for 5h until all the anhydrous ethanol has evaporated. Finally, place it in a sintering furnace and sinter at 1300℃ for 180min under a nitrogen protective atmosphere to obtain the desired ZTA ceramic porous preform, such as Figure 2 As shown.

[0049] (4) The traditional sand casting method is used to prepare composite materials. The prepared ZTA ceramic porous preform is fixed in the middle of the mold cavity with thick iron wire. Alloy steel is used for casting melt. The molten iron tapping temperature is controlled at 1600±20℃ and the casting temperature is controlled at 1550±20℃. Slag removal and deoxidation treatment are carried out before casting.

[0050] The prepared composite material was subjected to an impact abrasive wear test (MLD-10 impact abrasive wear tester). The test parameters were: impact energy 2 J / cm. 2 The abrasive used was #6 quartz sand, the sample rotation speed was 155 r / min, the sample material was 45# steel, the time was 60 min (15 min × 4 times), and the wear rate of the composite material was 0.58 mm. 3 ·min -1 .

[0051] Example 2

[0052] (1) First, weigh out pure (99.99% purity) Zr-Fe alloy powder with an average particle size of 300 mesh (Zr content of 30 wt.%), ZTA micro powder with an average particle size of 8 μm, and alloy steel powder with an average particle size of 300 mesh. Then, according to the mass ratio, ball mill and mix Zr-Fe alloy powder (50 wt.%), ZTA micro powder, and Zr-Fe powder (20 wt.%) with alloy steel powder separately to obtain Zr-Fe-ZTA mixed powder and Zr-Fe-alloy steel mixed powder, respectively. The ball milling process parameters used to prepare the two mixed powders are the same, as follows: grinding ball diameter 8 mm, ball-to-material ratio 5:1, rotation speed 300 r / min, ball milling time 300 min, and nitrogen as the protective atmosphere.

[0053] (2) Pour the Zr-Fe-ZTA mixed powder obtained in step (1) into a container, add an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol, and stir continuously until a thick slurry is formed. Then add the ZTA particles that have been ultrasonically cleaned (by weight percentage, Zr-Fe-ZTA mixed powder accounts for 10%, anhydrous ethanol accounts for 15%, and the remainder is ZTA particles with a size of 12 mesh), and stir continuously to coat the ZTA particles with the slurry. Then take them out and put them into an 80℃ vacuum drying oven to dry for 2 hours until the anhydrous ethanol is completely evaporated and removed. Repeat the operation 2 to 3 times until the ZTA particles are completely coated with the slurry. Finally, put the dried ZTA particles into a furnace and sinter them at 1050℃ for 120 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere. After the furnace cools to room temperature, take them out to obtain ZTA particles with ZrFe-ZTA coated on the surface.

[0054] (3) Pour the Zr-Fe-alloy steel mixed powder obtained by mechanical ball milling in step (1) into a container, add an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol, and stir continuously until a thick slurry is formed. Then add the ZTA particles that have been coated once in step (2) into the slurry and stir continuously. The Zr-Fe-alloy steel mixed powder accounts for 25% by weight, the anhydrous ethanol accounts for 20%, and the remainder is the ZTA particles that have been coated once in step (2). Place the obtained mixture into a corundum mold with a size of Φ40mm×60mm, and then dry it at 60℃ for 5h until all the anhydrous ethanol evaporates. Finally, place it in a sintering furnace and sinter at 1400℃ for 120min under a nitrogen protective atmosphere to obtain the desired ZTA ceramic porous preform.

[0055] (4) The traditional sand casting method is used to prepare composite materials. The prepared ZTA ceramic porous preform is fixed in the middle of the mold cavity with thick iron wire. Alloy steel is used for casting melt. The molten iron tapping temperature is controlled at 1600±20℃ and the casting temperature is controlled at 1550±20℃. Slag removal and deoxidation treatment are carried out before casting.

[0056] The EDS line scan spectrum of the gradient composite metallurgical interface in the prepared ZTA ceramic particle reinforced alloy steel matrix composite is shown below. Figure 3 As shown. The prepared composite material was subjected to an impact abrasive wear test (MLD-10 impact abrasive wear tester). The test parameters were: impact energy 2 J / cm². 2 The abrasive used was #6 quartz sand, the sample rotation speed was 155 r / min, the sample material was 45# steel, and the time was 60 min (15 min × 4 times). The wear rate of the composite material was 0.69 mm. 3 ·min -1 .

[0057] Example 3

[0058] (1) First, weigh out pure (99.99% purity) Zr-Fe alloy powder with an average particle size of 260 mesh (Zr content of 27 wt.%), ZTA micro powder with an average particle size of 7 μm, and alloy steel powder with an average particle size of 300 mesh. Then, according to the mass ratio, ball mill and mix Zr-Fe alloy powder (40 wt.%), ZTA micro powder, and Zr-Fe powder (16 wt.%) with alloy steel powder separately to obtain Zr-Fe-ZTA mixed powder and Zr-Fe-alloy steel mixed powder, respectively. The ball milling process parameters used to prepare the two mixed powders are the same, as follows: grinding ball diameter 7 mm, ball-to-material ratio 5:1, rotation speed 260 r / min, ball milling time 380 min, and nitrogen as the protective atmosphere.

[0059] (2) Pour the Zr-Fe-ZTA mixed powder obtained in step (1) into a container, add an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol, and stir continuously until a thick slurry is formed. Then add the ZTA particles that have been cleaned by ultrasonication (by weight percentage, Zr-Fe-ZTA mixed powder accounts for 13%, anhydrous ethanol accounts for 11%, and the remainder is ZTA particles with a size of 10 mesh), and stir continuously to coat the ZTA particles with the slurry. Then take them out and put them into an 80℃ vacuum drying oven to dry for 2 hours until the anhydrous ethanol is completely evaporated and removed. Repeat the operation 2 to 3 times until the ZTA particles are completely coated with the slurry. Finally, put the dried ZTA particles into a furnace and sinter them at 1100℃ for 80 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere. After the furnace cools to room temperature, take them out to obtain ZTA particles with ZrFe-ZTA coated on the surface.

[0060] (3) Pour the Zr-Fe-alloy steel mixed powder obtained by mechanical ball milling in step (1) into a container, add an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol, and stir continuously until a thick slurry is formed. Then add the ZTA particles that have been coated once in step (2) into the slurry and stir continuously. The Zr-Fe-alloy steel mixed powder accounts for 23% by weight, the anhydrous ethanol accounts for 21%, and the remainder is the ZTA particles that have been coated once in step (2). Place the obtained mixture into a corundum mold with a size of Φ40mm×60mm, and then dry it at 60℃ for 5h until all the anhydrous ethanol evaporates. Finally, place it in a sintering furnace and sinter at 1350℃ for 150min under a nitrogen protective atmosphere to obtain the desired ZTA ceramic porous preform.

[0061] (4) The traditional sand casting method is used to prepare composite materials. The prepared ZTA ceramic porous preform is fixed in the middle of the mold cavity with thick iron wire. Alloy steel is used for casting melt. The molten iron tapping temperature is controlled at 1600±20℃ and the casting temperature is controlled at 1550±20℃. Slag removal and deoxidation treatment are carried out before casting.

[0062] The EDS surface scan spectrum of the gradient composite metallurgical interface in the prepared ZTA ceramic particle reinforced alloy steel matrix composite is shown below. Figure 4 As shown. The prepared composite material was subjected to an impact abrasive wear test (MLD-10 impact abrasive wear tester). The test parameters were: impact energy 2 J / cm². 2 The abrasive used was #6 quartz sand, the sample rotation speed was 155 r / min, the sample material was 45# steel, and the time was 60 min (15 min × 4 times). The wear rate of the composite material was 0.61 mm. 3 ·min -1 .

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] (1) Clean 8-mesh ZTA particles with alcohol (to remove oil and impurities from the surface of the ZTA particles) and dry them in a vacuum drying oven at 70℃. Weigh an appropriate amount of ZTA particles using an electronic scale, and thoroughly stir and mix the ZTA particles and water glass binder (approximately 10% of the ZTA mass). Then, press the mixed ZTA particles into a mold, apply appropriate pressure to press the ceramic preform into shape, and then place the preform and mold together in a drying oven (70℃, 5h). After drying, remove the preform to obtain the formed ceramic preform. The mold size used is Φ40mm×60mm, and a layer of graphite paper can be placed inside the mold for easy demolding.

[0065] (2) The traditional sand casting method is used to prepare composite materials. The ZTA ceramic preform is fixed inside the sand mold cavity with coarse iron wire. Circuit melting is used. Alloy steel is selected for casting melt. The molten iron tapping temperature is controlled at 1600±20℃ and the casting temperature is controlled at 1550±20℃. Slag removal and deoxidation treatment are carried out before casting.

[0066] In the ZTA ceramic particle reinforced alloy steel composite material prepared in Comparative Example 1, the wettability of ZTA particles and molten alloy steel is quite different. During the casting process, ZTA particles do not react with molten iron and there is no dissolution or precipitation. Some interfaces show obvious physical gaps under high magnification. Therefore, the interface between ZTA particles and the alloy steel matrix is ​​mechanically bonded.

[0067] The prepared composite material was subjected to an impact abrasive wear test (MLD-10 impact abrasive wear tester). The test parameters were: impact energy 2 J / cm. 2 The abrasive used was #6 quartz sand, the sample rotation speed was 155 r / min, the sample material was 45# steel, and the time was 60 min (15 min × 4 times). The wear rate of the composite material was 0.91 mm. 3 ·min -1 .

[0068] The impact abrasive wear rates of the composite materials prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in the table below.

[0069] Table 1

[0070]

[0071] As shown in Table 1, the impact abrasive wear resistance of the composite materials obtained in Examples 1-3 has certain differences, but all of them are significantly higher than the impact abrasive wear resistance of the composite material prepared in Comparative Example 1.

[0072] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and an alloy steel matrix, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Zr-Fe alloy powder and ZTA micro powder are mixed by ball milling to obtain FeZr-ZTA mixed powder; Zr-Fe alloy powder and alloy steel powder are mixed by ball milling to obtain FeZr-alloy steel mixed powder; (2) Mix the FeZr-ZTA mixed powder from step (1) with anhydrous ethanol to obtain a slurry. Immerse the ZTA particles in the slurry so that the slurry adheres to the surface of the ZTA particles. Take out the ZTA particles and dry them. Repeat the steps of immersing the dried ZTA particles in the slurry, taking them out, and drying them 2 to 5 times to make the surface of the ZTA particles completely and evenly coated with the slurry. Then pre-sinter at 1050 to 1150°C for 60 to 120 minutes to obtain ZTA particles with an FeZr-ZTA coating layer. (3) Mix the FeZr-alloy steel mixed powder from step (1) with anhydrous ethanol to obtain a slurry. Immerse the ZTA particles with FeZr-ZTA coating obtained in step (2) into the slurry so that the FeZr-alloy steel mixed powder is uniformly coated on the surface of the ZTA particles with FeZr-ZTA coating. Take them out and dry them. Then put the coated ZTA ceramic particles into a mold and sinter at 1300-1400℃ for 120-180 min to obtain a ZTA ceramic porous preform with surface coating activation treatment. (4) Fix the ZTA ceramic porous preform obtained in step (3) into the casting cavity, and cast the high-temperature alloy steel melt into the cavity to realize the construction of the gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and alloy steel matrix, and obtain ZTA reinforced alloy steel matrix composite material. In step (1), the Zr-Fe alloy powder contains 20-30 wt.% Zr by mass. The average particle size of the ZTA micro powder in step (1) is 5-8 μm; The average particle size of the ZTA particles in step (2) is 8-12 mesh; In step (4), the furnace outlet temperature of the alloy steel melt is controlled at 1600±20℃, and the casting temperature is controlled at 1550±20℃.

2. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the proportion of Zr-Fe alloy powder in the FeZr-ZTA mixed powder is 30-50 wt.%; and the proportion of Zr-Fe alloy powder in the FeZr-alloy steel mixed powder is 10-20 wt.%.

3. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step (2), by weight percentage, FeZr-ZTA mixed powder accounts for 10-15 wt.%, anhydrous ethanol accounts for 10-15 wt.%, and the remainder is ZTA particles; In step (3), by weight percentage, FeZr-alloy steel mixed powder accounts for 15-25 wt.%, anhydrous ethanol accounts for 20-25 wt.%, and the balance is ZTA particles with FeZr-ZTA coating.

4. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The average particle size of the Zr-Fe alloy powder and alloy steel powder in step (1) is 200-300 mesh.

5. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The ball milling in step (1) is a low-speed planetary ball mill with a ball diameter of 5 to 8 mm, a ball-to-mixed powder weight ratio of 5:1 to 8:1, a ball mill speed of 200 to 300 r / min, and a ball milling time of 300 to 420 min.

6. The construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The ball milling mixing in step (1), the pre-sintering in step (2), and the sintering in step (3) are all carried out in an inert gas atmosphere, and the inert gas is at least one of argon, helium and nitrogen.

7. A ZTA-reinforced alloy steel-based composite material, characterized in that, The method for constructing a gradient metallurgical composite interface between ZTA ceramic particles and an alloy steel matrix as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is used.

8. The application of the ZTA reinforced alloy steel matrix composite material as described in claim 7 in the fields of metallurgy, mining, construction, machinery and power.

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