Ultra-precision air static pressure circulating cooling servo main shaft

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-precision air static pressure circulating cooling servo main shaft which comprises a driving assembly, an air floating assembly, a cooling assembly and a control assembly. The driving assembly is connected with the main shaft to drive the main shaft to rotate; the air floating assembly is used for wrapping the main shaft and is communicated with external compressed air so as to support the main shaft to suspend in the axial direction and the radial direction through the compressed air; the cooling assembly is used for communicating with external cooling water so as to circularly cool the main shaft; the control assembly is used for being arranged on the main shaft and controlling the rotating precision of the main shaft. Radial air floatation supporting and axial air floatation supporting are formed in the spindle, zero friction is achieved, abrasion is avoided, high rotating precision of the spindle is guaranteed, the bearing capacity is high, operation is stable, and the air floatation device can be widely applied to various precise and ultra-precise numerical control machine tools with rotating shafts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machining machine tools, and in particular to an ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle. Background Art

[0002] Servo spindles are widely used in the precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tool industry. Servo spindles are essential basic functional components for a variety of precision CNC machine tools, such as lathes with rotating axes, grinders, four-axis machine tools, five-axis machine tools, etc. The precision of the servo spindle determines the accuracy level of the machine tool.

[0003] However, existing servo spindles are generally supported by rolling bearings, which have limited rotation accuracy. During operation, friction between the rolling elements and the bearing raceways easily generates vibration and wear, which reduces accuracy after a period of use. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle provided by the present application includes: a drive component, an air flotation component, a cooling component and a control component;

[0006] The driving assembly is used to connect with the main shaft to drive the main shaft to rotate;

[0007] The air flotation assembly is used to wrap the main shaft and communicate with external compressed air to support the main shaft to suspend in the axial and radial directions through the compressed air;

[0008] The cooling component is used to communicate with external cooling water to circulate and cool the spindle;

[0009] The control component is used to be arranged on the main shaft to control the rotation accuracy of the main shaft.

[0010] In some embodiments, the spindle includes a spindle support, a spindle seat and a spindle core;

[0011] The spindle seat is arranged in the spindle support, and the spindle core is arranged in the spindle seat.

[0012] In some embodiments, one end of the spindle core is connected to a vacuum suction cup through a vacuum suction cup mounting seat, and the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the vacuum suction cup. The spindle core is provided with a through vacuum channel, and the vacuum channel is connected to the vacuum pressure cover at the other end of the spindle core, and a vacuum adapter is provided on the vacuum pressure cover.

[0013] In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes a power motor, a motor sleeve, and a stator mounting sleeve;

[0014] The power motor is connected to the main shaft seat via the motor sleeve, the stator mounting sleeve is arranged in the motor sleeve, and the motor sleeve and the stator mounting sleeve are clearance-matched.

[0015] In some embodiments, a sealing ring is provided between the stator mounting sleeve and the motor sleeve.

[0016] In some embodiments, the air flotation assembly includes an axial float, a radial float, a gap adjustment ring, and an end cap;

[0017] The axial float is set on the upper and lower sides of the shoulder of the main shaft core through the axial float fixing plate, and the axial float is fixedly connected with the surface adjacent to the main shaft core with a predetermined clearance, and the overall structure is an I-shaped structure. The main shaft core is located inside the radial float, and the compressed air that has been precisely filtered passes through the air inlet pipe joint set on the motor sleeve, enters the air duct opened in the motor sleeve and the air pipe arranged on the main shaft seat, and enters the axial float to provide axial support for the main shaft core, and provides radial support for the main shaft core through the radial float.

[0018] In some embodiments, clearance adjustment rings are further provided on the upper and lower sides of the spindle shaft shoulder, the clearance adjustment rings are connected to the spindle seat, and an end cover is provided at the end of the spindle seat.

[0019] In some embodiments, the cooling component includes a water-cooled copper sleeve, which is disposed between the spindle seat and the radial float, and the water-cooled copper sleeve is interference-fitted with the spindle seat;

[0020] External ultra-precision cooling water passes through the water inlet pipe joint arranged on the motor sleeve, enters the water inlet channel opened inside the motor sleeve, and reaches the water inlet channel between the spindle seat and the adjacent surfaces of the water-cooling copper sleeve and the end cover, and then enters the return water channel between the spindle seat and the water-cooling copper sleeve, the end cover, the stator mounting sleeve and the motor sleeve, and is discharged to the return water pipe joint arranged on the motor sleeve, so that the space between the water-cooling copper sleeve, the stator mounting sleeve and the end cover is filled with ultra-precision water.

[0021] In some embodiments, the control assembly includes a circular grating and an encoder.

[0022] In some embodiments, the encoder is arranged on an encoder mounting plate via a reading head bracket, and the encoder mounting plate is fixedly connected to the stator mounting sleeve;

[0023] The circular grating is arranged on the rotor mounting shaft of the power motor.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle provided by the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0025] 1. The embodiment of the present application forms radial air bearing support and axial air bearing support inside the spindle to achieve zero friction, avoid wear, ensure high-precision spindle rotation, and have high load-bearing capacity and smooth operation. It can be widely used in various precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tools with rotating axes, such as lathes, grinders, four-axis machine tools, five-axis machine tools, etc., and is particularly suitable for ultra-precision air static pressure high-speed electric spindles with a large speed range.

[0026] 2. The embodiment of the present application is connected to external cooling water through a cooling component to circulate and cool the spindle, which can effectively improve the life and stability of the spindle.

[0027] 3. The embodiment of the present application controls the rotation accuracy of the main shaft through the control component, which can ensure stable positioning accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Among them, the markings in the figure are as follows: 1-radial float; 2-axial float; 3-axial float; 4-vacuum suction cup; 5-vacuum suction cup mounting seat; 6-end cover; 7-axial float fixing plate; 8-clearance adjustment ring; 9-spindle seat; 10-spindle shaft core; 11-water-cooled copper sleeve; 12-spindle bracket; 13-stator mounting sleeve; 14-motor sleeve; 15-power motor; 16-encoder mounting plate; 17-encoder; 18-encoder pressure plate; 19-vacuum adapter; 20-vacuum pressure cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific implementation schemes, but those skilled in the art should understand that the implementation schemes described below are only used to illustrate the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application. Based on the implementation schemes in the present application, all other implementation schemes obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: a drive component, an air flotation component, a cooling component and a control component;

[0032] A driving assembly, used for connecting with the main shaft to drive the main shaft to rotate;

[0033] An air flotation assembly is used to wrap the main shaft and is connected to external compressed air to support the main shaft to suspend in the axial and radial directions through the compressed air;

[0034] A cooling component, used to communicate with external cooling water to circulate and cool the spindle;

[0035] The control component is used to be set on the main shaft to control the rotation accuracy of the main shaft.

[0036] Obviously, the embodiment of the present application forms radial air bearing support and axial air bearing support inside the spindle to achieve zero friction, avoid wear, ensure high-precision spindle rotation, and have high load-bearing capacity and smooth operation. It can be widely used in various precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tools with rotating axes, such as lathes, grinders, four-axis machine tools, five-axis machine tools, etc., and is particularly suitable for ultra-precision air static pressure high-speed electric spindles with a large speed range.

[0037] At the same time, the embodiment of the present application is connected to the external cooling water through the cooling component to circulate and cool the spindle, which can effectively improve the life and stability of the spindle.

[0038] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application controls the rotation accuracy of the main shaft through the control component, thereby ensuring stable positioning accuracy.

[0039] In the present application embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the spindle includes a spindle support 12, a spindle seat 9 and a spindle core 10;

[0040] A spindle seat 9 is arranged in the spindle support 12 , and a spindle shaft core 10 is arranged in the spindle seat 9 .

[0041] Specifically, one end of the spindle core 10 is connected to the vacuum suction cup 4 through the vacuum suction cup mounting seat 5, and the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the vacuum suction cup 4. The spindle core 10 is provided with a through vacuum channel, and the vacuum channel is connected to the vacuum pressure cover 20 at the other end of the spindle core 10. The vacuum adapter 19 is provided on the vacuum pressure cover 20.

[0042] Obviously, the above arrangement not only facilitates the clamping and installation of the workpiece, but also does not affect the spindle rotation accuracy.

[0043] In the present application embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the driving assembly includes a power motor 15, a motor sleeve 14 and a stator mounting sleeve 13;

[0044] The power motor 15 is connected to the main shaft seat 9 through the motor sleeve 14. The stator mounting sleeve 13 is arranged in the motor sleeve 14. The motor sleeve 14 and the stator mounting sleeve 13 are clearance-matched.

[0045] Specifically, a sealing ring is provided between the stator mounting sleeve 13 and the motor sleeve 14 to prevent the hydraulic medium from flowing out, thereby ensuring the sealing of the main shaft.

[0046] In the present application embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the air flotation assembly includes an axial float 2, a radial float 1, a gap adjustment ring 8 and an end cover 6;

[0047] An axial float 2 is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the shoulder of the main shaft core 10 through an axial float fixing plate 7, and the axial float 2 is fixedly connected with the adjacent surfaces of the main shaft core 10 with a predetermined clearance, and the overall structure is an I-shaped structure. The main shaft core 10 is located inside the radial float 1, and the precisely filtered compressed air passes through the air inlet pipe joint arranged on the motor sleeve 14, enters the air duct opened in the motor sleeve 14 and the air pipe arranged on the main shaft seat 9, and enters the axial float 2 to provide axial support for the main shaft core 10, and provides radial support for the main shaft core 10 through the radial float 1.

[0048] Gap adjustment rings 8 are also provided on the upper and lower sides of the shoulder of the spindle core 10 . The gap adjustment rings 8 are connected to the spindle seat 9 . An end cover 6 is provided at the end of the spindle seat 9 , thereby forming axial and radial support for the spindle core 10 .

[0049] In the present application embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the cooling component includes a water-cooling copper sleeve 11, which is arranged between the main shaft seat 9 and the radial float 1, and the water-cooling copper sleeve 11 is interference-fitted with the main shaft seat 9;

[0050] External ultra-precision cooling water passes through the water inlet pipe joint arranged on the motor sleeve 14, enters the water inlet channel opened inside the motor sleeve 14 to the water inlet channel between the spindle seat 9 and the adjacent surfaces of the water-cooled copper sleeve 11 and the end cover 6, and then enters the return water channel between the spindle seat 9 and the water-cooled copper sleeve 11, the end cover 6, the stator mounting sleeve 13 and the motor sleeve 14 to be discharged to the return water pipe joint arranged on the motor sleeve 14, so that the space between the cold copper sleeve and the stator mounting sleeve 13 and the end cover 6 is filled with ultra-precision water, thereby cooling the rotation of the spindle components.

[0051] In the present application embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the control assembly includes a circular grating and an encoder;

[0052] The encoder mounting disk 16 is pressed and fixed to the stator mounting sleeve 13 from the outside by the encoder pressing plate 18. A reading head bracket is installed on the encoder mounting disk 16, and an encoder 17 is installed on the reading head bracket. A circular grating is arranged on the rotor mounting shaft of the power motor 15, which cooperates with the encoder 17 to realize precise closed-loop control of the main shaft rotation angle, and is easy to use.

[0053] It can be seen that by setting the circular grating and cooperating with the encoder, precise closed-loop control of the spindle rotation angle can be achieved. It is easy to use and can be widely used in various precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tools with rotating axes, such as lathes, grinders, four-axis machine tools, five-axis machine tools and other equipment.

[0054] Although the present application has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements may be made to the present application. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present application all fall within the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

Claims

1. An ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle, characterized in that: include: Drive components, air flotation components, cooling components and control components; The driving assembly is used to connect with the main shaft to drive the main shaft to rotate; The air flotation assembly is used to wrap the main shaft and communicate with external compressed air to support the main shaft to suspend in the axial and radial directions through the compressed air; The cooling component is used to communicate with external cooling water to circulate and cool the spindle; The control component is used to be arranged on the main shaft to control the rotation accuracy of the main shaft.

2. The ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spindle comprises a spindle support, a spindle seat and a spindle core; The spindle seat is arranged in the spindle support, and the spindle core is arranged in the spindle seat.

3. The ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle according to claim 2 is characterized in that: One end of the spindle core is connected to a vacuum suction cup through a vacuum suction cup mounting seat, and the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the vacuum suction cup. The spindle core is provided with a through vacuum channel, and the vacuum channel is connected to the vacuum pressure cover at the other end of the spindle core, and a vacuum adapter is provided on the vacuum pressure cover.

4. The ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a power motor, a motor sleeve and a stator mounting sleeve; The power motor is connected to the main shaft seat via the motor sleeve, the stator mounting sleeve is arranged in the motor sleeve, and the motor sleeve and the stator mounting sleeve are clearance-matched.

5. The ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A sealing ring is arranged between the stator mounting sleeve and the motor sleeve.

6. The ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air flotation assembly includes an axial float, a radial float, a gap adjustment ring and an end cover; The axial float is set on the upper and lower sides of the shoulder of the main shaft core through the axial float fixing plate, and the axial float is fixedly connected with the surface adjacent to the main shaft core with a predetermined clearance, and the overall structure is an I-shaped structure. The main shaft core is located inside the radial float, and the compressed air that has been precisely filtered passes through the air inlet pipe joint set on the motor sleeve, enters the air duct opened in the motor sleeve and the air pipe arranged on the main shaft seat, and enters the axial float to provide axial support for the main shaft core, and provides radial support for the main shaft core through the radial float.

7. The ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that: Gap adjustment rings are also arranged on the upper and lower sides of the spindle shaft core shoulder, the gap adjustment rings are connected to the spindle seat, and an end cover is arranged at the end of the spindle seat.

8. The ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cooling component comprises a water-cooling copper sleeve, which is arranged between the main shaft seat and the radial float, and the water-cooling copper sleeve is interference-fitted with the main shaft seat; External ultra-precision cooling water passes through the water inlet pipe joint arranged on the motor sleeve, enters the water inlet channel opened inside the motor sleeve, and reaches the water inlet channel between the spindle seat and the adjacent surfaces of the water-cooling copper sleeve and the end cover, and then enters the return water channel between the spindle seat and the water-cooling copper sleeve, the end cover, the stator mounting sleeve and the motor sleeve, and is discharged to the return water pipe joint arranged on the motor sleeve, so that the space between the water-cooling copper sleeve, the stator mounting sleeve and the end cover is filled with ultra-precision water.

9. The ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control component includes a circular grating and an encoder.

10. The ultra-precision air static pressure circulation cooling servo spindle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The encoder is arranged on the encoder mounting plate through a reading head bracket, and the encoder mounting plate is fixedly connected to the stator mounting sleeve; The circular grating is arranged on the rotor mounting shaft of the power motor.

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