Gear grinding device and gear grinding method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gear grinding device and a gear grinding method, which belong to the technical field of gear grinding equipment. The gear grinding device includes a machine table, a Y-axis adjustment mechanism, a Z-axis adjustment mechanism, a gear rotating mechanism and a worm grinding mechanism. The worm grinding mechanism includes a mounting arm, a rotating shaft, a grinding worm, an elastic abutment unit and a clamping unit. The clamping unit is used to limit the sliding of the grinding worm on the periphery of the rotating shaft. In the present invention, the Z-axis adjustment mechanism and the Y-axis adjustment mechanism drive the mounting arm to move, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm are close to the teeth of the helical gear, and the helical teeth of the grinding worm are meshed with the helical gear, so that the grinding worm slides on the rotating shaft, and the elastic abutment unit generates an elastic abutment force on the grinding worm, and then the grinding worm is limited by the clamping unit, so that the grinding worm and the rotating shaft are relatively stationary, thereby realizing the correction of the grinding worm before grinding, reducing the adjustment time, improving the adjustment efficiency, and improving the grinding efficiency of the helical gear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gear grinding equipment, and in particular relates to a gear grinding device and a gear grinding method. Background Art

[0002] Gear grinding is a gear processing technology that uses a grinding wheel as a grinding tool to process cylindrical gears or certain gears (helical gears, bevel gears, etc.) to process the tooth surface of the tool. It is mainly used to eliminate deformation after heat treatment and improve gear accuracy. At present, a worm is usually used as a grinding tool to grind the tooth surface of a gear such as a worm wheel. Specifically, the worm is meshed with the gear, and the helical teeth of the worm are used to extend into the tooth groove of the gear to grind the tooth surface.

[0003] A search of the Chinese invention patent publication number CN111618377A discloses a gear grinding device, including: a worm, which is used to mesh with the gear to be ground, and the spiral teeth of the worm are used to grind the tooth surface of the gear; a feeding mechanism, which at least includes a magnetic driving component, and the feeding mechanism at least uses the magnetic force generated by the magnetic driving component to drive the worm to feed the gear in the radial direction. This device uses magnetic force as a driving source to grind the tooth surface of the gear with a constant contact force, which makes the tooth surface of the gear smoother, while the device of the prior art only grinds the gear by mechanical feeding. During the entire grinding process, the contact force is not constant, which causes the tooth surface to be uneven.

[0004] In the above-mentioned prior art, the helical teeth of a worm (referred to as a grinding worm in this application) are used as a grinding tool to grind the gear. During processing, the worker needs to first position the gear, and then operate the machine tool to align the helical teeth of the worm with the teeth of the gear. In other words, after the helical teeth of the worm are linearly fed in the direction of the gear, the helical teeth of the worm can be accurately meshed with the teeth of the gear, so that the next step of grinding operation can be carried out, and it is ensured that the grinding degree of the tooth surface of the gear is consistent after grinding. However, the applicant found in actual operation that whether it is a CNC gear grinding equipment, , or semi-automatic gear grinding equipment cannot guarantee accurate meshing with the gear when calibrating the helical teeth of the worm, and repeated adjustments are required to make the helical teeth of the worm mesh with the teeth of the gear to be ground. Even if the helical teeth of the worm and the teeth of the gear are visually observed to be meshing, the grinding depth of the tooth surface of the gear is not consistent during grinding. The grinding depth on both sides of the tooth surface may be deep on one side and shallow on the other side, resulting in low grinding accuracy. Therefore, a lot of time is needed to make adjustments in the early stage, which brings a certain degree of inconvenience to the gear grinding work. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a gear grinding device and a gear grinding method.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is: a gear grinding device, including a machine table, a Y-axis adjustment mechanism, a Z-axis adjustment mechanism, a gear rotating mechanism and a worm grinding mechanism, wherein the worm grinding mechanism includes:

[0007] A mounting arm connected to the Z-axis adjustment mechanism, one end of the mounting arm being horizontally rotatably connected to a rotating shaft;

[0008] A grinding worm is sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft, wherein the end face of the grinding worm is coaxially provided with a mounting hole for the rotating shaft to pass freely, and the mounting hole is key-connected with the periphery of the rotating shaft;

[0009] Elastic abutment units are arranged at two ends of the circumference of the rotating shaft, and the two elastic abutment units are used to apply elastic abutment forces to two ends of the axial direction of the grinding worm respectively;

[0010] A clamping unit is arranged on the outer wall of the mounting arm, and the clamping unit is used to limit the grinding worm from sliding on the periphery of the rotating shaft.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, the Z-axis adjustment mechanism and the Y-axis adjustment mechanism drive the installation arm to move, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm are close to the teeth of the helical gear, and the helical teeth of the grinding worm are meshed with the helical gear, so that the grinding worm slides on the rotating shaft, and the elastic resistance unit generates an elastic resistance force on the grinding worm, and then the grinding worm is limited by the clamping unit, so that the grinding worm and the rotating shaft are relatively stationary, thereby realizing the correction of the grinding worm before grinding. Compared with the existing technology, it is necessary to continuously adjust the position of the grinding worm, thereby reducing the adjustment time, improving the adjustment efficiency, and improving the grinding efficiency of the helical gear to a certain extent.

[0012] Furthermore, the Y-axis adjustment mechanism includes a first slide connected to the upper surface of the machine platform, the upper surface of the first slide is horizontally slidably connected to a translation slide, the bottom of the translation slide is fixedly connected to a first connecting seat, the end surface of the first connecting seat is penetrated by a first screw nut, and the two ends of the first slide are commonly connected to a first ball screw for horizontal rotation, the first ball screw thread is penetrated by the first screw nut and forms a rolling screw transmission with the first screw nut, the axial direction of the first ball screw is parallel to the axial direction of the grinding worm, and the first ball screw is driven to rotate by a first servo motor installed on the side wall of the first slide.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the first servo motor drives the first ball screw to rotate, and through the rolling screw transmission of the first ball screw and the first screw nut, the translation slide can be driven to move horizontally, so as to drive the mounting arm to move horizontally.

[0014] Furthermore, the Z-axis adjustment mechanism includes a second slide installed on the top of the translation slide, the second slide is vertically slidably connected to a lifting slide on an outer wall on one side facing the grinding worm, the mounting arm is connected to the outer wall of the lifting slide, the other outer wall of the lifting slide is fixedly connected to a second connecting seat, a second screw nut is passed through the end surface of the second connecting seat, and a second ball screw is connected to the upper and lower ends of the second slide for vertical rotation together, the second ball screw thread is passed through the second screw nut and forms a rolling screw transmission with the second screw nut, and the second ball screw is driven to rotate by a second servo motor installed on the top surface of the second slide.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the second servo motor drives the second ball screw to rotate, and through the rolling screw transmission of the second ball screw and the second screw nut, the lifting slide can be driven to move vertically to drive the mounting arm to move vertically.

[0016] Furthermore, the gear rotating mechanism includes a main shaft vertically rotatably connected to the top surface of the machine platform, and a three-jaw chuck is installed on the upper end of the main shaft.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the three-jaw chuck is used to clamp the helical gear to be ground, and the spindle can drive the helical gear to rotate slowly at a constant speed.

[0018] Furthermore, a stepper motor is installed on the outer wall of one side of the mounting arm, the output shaft of the stepper motor is fixedly sleeved with a driving pulley, one end of the rotating shaft passes through the mounting arm and is fixedly sleeved with a driven pulley, and the driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a V-belt transmission.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the output shaft of the stepper motor rotates and drives the driving pulley to rotate, and then through the transmission of the driving pulley and the driven pulley, the rotating shaft can be driven to rotate, thereby causing the grinding worm to rotate.

[0020] Furthermore, the elastic abutment unit includes a stop ring fixedly sleeved on the end of the rotating shaft, and the end face of the grinding worm is provided with a mounting groove for the free passage of the stop ring, and a first spring is arranged in the mounting groove, and the two ends of the first spring in the direction of elastic force elastically abut the end face of the stop ring and the inner wall of the mounting groove respectively.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the first spring generates an elastic resisting force on the inner wall of the mounting groove of the stop ring and the grinding worm, so that the grinding worm can move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft on the rotating shaft. During the movement, the first spring will accumulate elastic potential energy. After the grinding worm is ground, the elastic potential energy of the first spring is released, so that the grinding worm returns to its initial position.

[0022] The cam is configured to engage a plurality of locking plates at the bottom of the locking plate, and the locking plate is configured to engage a plurality of locking plates at the bottom of the locking plate. The plurality of locking plates are configured to engage a plurality of locking plates at the bottom of the locking plate.

[0023] Through the above technical scheme, the electromagnet is energized and generates magnetism, thereby generating a magnetic attraction force on the floating plate, thereby driving the floating plate to move in the direction of the mounting arm, and causing the push rod to move in the direction of the grinding worm, and then causing the drive sleeve to move in the direction of the grinding worm. The tapered hole of the drive sleeve will slide relative to the periphery of the elastic clamping sleeve, and generate an extrusion force on the elastic clamping sleeve along the radial inner side of the elastic clamping sleeve, causing the elastic clamping sleeve to produce elastic contraction deformation, and the hole wall of the clamping hole will clamp the periphery of the clamping ring, thereby fixing the grinding worm on the rotating shaft, so that the grinding worm and the rotating shaft are in a relatively static state.

[0024] Furthermore, a pin hole is vertically opened on the surface of the mounting arm, a limit pin is tightly fitted into the pin hole, a waist-shaped groove is opened on the periphery of the push rod for the end of the limit pin to be inserted, and the limit pin slides freely in the waist-shaped groove.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, the limiting pin slides and limits in the waist-shaped groove, thereby preventing the push rod from detaching from the mounting arm.

[0026] Furthermore, a second spring is sleeved around the periphery of the push rod, and two ends of the second spring in the elastic force direction elastically press against the mounting arm and the surface of the floating plate respectively.

[0027] Through the above technical scheme, the second spring generates an elastic resisting force on the floating plate, so that after the grinding operation is completed and the electromagnet is powered off and loses its magnetism, the second spring will drive the floating plate to move in the direction away from the mounting arm, thereby causing the squeezing force of the tapered hole wall of the driving sleeve on the periphery of the elastic clamping sleeve to disappear, so that the elastic clamping sleeve can quickly change from elastic contraction deformation to elastic expansion deformation, thereby causing the clamping hole to be out of the state of the clamping stop ring, and at this time the grinding worm can slide on the periphery of the rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0028] A gear grinding method, applied to the gear grinding device as described above, comprises:

[0029] The helical gear whose tooth surface is to be ground is clamped on the gear rotating mechanism, the Y-axis adjustment mechanism drives the mounting arm to move horizontally, and the Z-axis adjustment mechanism drives the mounting arm to move vertically, so that the grinding worm is close to the helical gear and the spiral teeth of the grinding worm correspond to the teeth of the helical gear;

[0030] The grinding worm is driven by the Z-axis adjustment mechanism to continue to move downward, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm contact the tooth surface between the teeth of the helical gear. During the contact process, since the helical gear is fixed, the grinding worm is squeezed by the tooth surface of the helical gear, so that the grinding worm produces a small horizontal movement, and the elastic abutment unit produces an elastic abutment force on the grinding worm, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm are in meshing state with the helical gear.

[0031] The clamping unit is started, and the clamping unit locks the grinding worm, so that the grinding worm and the rotating shaft are relatively static. The Z-axis adjustment mechanism is started again and drives the grinding worm to move upward, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm are disengaged from the meshing state with the helical gear, thereby completing the position correction of the grinding worm before the helical gear grinding;

[0032] Finally, the Z-axis adjustment mechanism drives the grinding worm to reciprocate vertically, and the gear rotation mechanism drives the helical gear to rotate at a constant speed, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm grind the tooth surface of the helical gear.

[0033] Through the above technical solution, before the grinding operation, the helical teeth on the grinding worm can quickly correspond to the teeth of the gear, thereby making it easier to perform the grinding operation on the grinding worm.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] (1) In the present invention, the Z-axis adjustment mechanism and the Y-axis adjustment mechanism drive the mounting arm to move, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm are close to the teeth of the helical gear, and the helical teeth of the grinding worm are meshed with the helical gear, so that the grinding worm slides on the rotating shaft, and the elastic abutment unit generates an elastic abutment force on the grinding worm, and then the grinding worm is limited by the clamping unit, so that the grinding worm and the rotating shaft are relatively stationary, thereby realizing the correction of the grinding worm before grinding. Compared with the prior art that needs to continuously adjust the position of the grinding worm, the adjustment time is reduced, the adjustment efficiency is improved, and the grinding efficiency of the helical gear is improved to a certain extent;

[0036] (2) In the present invention, the first spring generates an elastic resisting force on the inner wall of the mounting groove of the stop ring and the grinding worm, thereby enabling the grinding worm to move along the axial direction of the rotating shaft on the rotating shaft. During the movement, the first spring will accumulate elastic potential energy. After the grinding of the grinding worm is completed, the elastic potential energy of the first spring is released, thereby allowing the grinding worm to return to its initial position.

[0037] (3) In the present invention, the electromagnet is energized and generates magnetism, thereby generating a magnetic attraction force on the floating plate, thereby driving the floating plate to move in the direction of the mounting arm, and causing the push rod to move in the direction of the grinding worm, and then causing the drive sleeve to move in the direction of the grinding worm. The tapered hole of the drive sleeve will slide relative to the peripheral edge of the elastic clamping sleeve, and generate an extrusion force on the elastic clamping sleeve along the radial inner side of the elastic clamping sleeve, causing the elastic clamping sleeve to produce elastic contraction deformation, and the hole wall of the clamping hole will clamp the peripheral edge of the clamping ring, thereby fixing the grinding worm on the rotating shaft, so that the grinding worm and the rotating shaft are in a relatively static state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gear grinding device in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first-person perspective structure;

[0040] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the second perspective structure;

[0041] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the third perspective structure;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the mounting arm, the rotating shaft and the grinding worm are assembled in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the middle part structure;

[0044] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the drive sleeve, the elastic clamping sleeve, the rotating shaft and the ejector rod are assembled in the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the explosion decomposition of the structure;

[0047] Fig.10It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the floating plate, the push rod and the ball are assembled in the present invention;

[0048] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting ring and the elastic clamping sleeve after being assembled in the present invention.

[0049] 1. The worm gear of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: 1. the machine table; 2. the main shaft; 3. the three-jaw chuck; 4. the bevel gear; 5. the grinding worm; 6. the mounting arm; 7. the lifting slide; 8. the second servo motor; 9. the second slide; 10. the stepping motor; 11. the translation slide; 12. the first ball screw; 13. the first servo motor; 14. the first slide; 15. the second ball screw; 16. the second screw nut; 17. the floating plate; 18. the driving sleeve; 19. the first screw nut; 20. the electromagnet; 21. the second spring; 22. the limit pin; 23. the rotating shaft; 24. the first spring; 25. the retaining ring; 26. the clamping ring; 27. the push rod; 28. the elastic clamping sleeve; 29. ​​the waist groove; 30. the ball; 31. the tapered hole; 32. the mounting ring; 33. the strip notch; 34. the clamping hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] like Figure 1-Figure 11 As shown, the present embodiment provides a gear grinding device, including a machine table 1, a Y-axis adjustment mechanism is installed on the top of the machine table 1, the Y-axis adjustment mechanism includes a first slide 14 connected to the upper surface of the machine table 1 by screws, a slide rail is installed on the upper surface of the first slide 14, a slider is clamped and installed on the slide rail, and the slider surface is connected to a translation slide 11, so that the translation slide 11 is horizontally slidably connected to the upper surface of the first slide 14, a first connecting seat is welded at the bottom of the translation slide 11, and a first lead screw nut 19 is penetrated on the end surface of the first connecting seat, and both ends of the first slide 14 are horizontally connected together. The first ball screw 12 is rotatably connected, and the first ball screw 12 is threadedly arranged in the first screw nut 19 and forms a rolling screw transmission with the first screw nut 19. The axial direction of the first ball screw 12 is parallel to the axial direction of the grinding worm 5. The first ball screw 12 is driven to rotate by a first servo motor 13 installed on the side wall of the first slide 14. When the output shaft of the first servo motor 13 rotates, it will drive the first ball screw 12 and the first screw nut 19 to roll the screw transmission, and then can drive the translation slide 11 to move horizontally on the upper surface of the first slide 14;

[0052] Combination Figures 1 to 9As shown, a Z-axis adjustment mechanism is installed on the translation slide 11, and the Z-axis adjustment mechanism includes a second slide 9 vertically installed on the top of the translation slide 11, and the outer wall of one side of the second slide 9 is vertically slidably connected to the lifting slide 7 through the installation slide rail and the slider, and the movement direction of the lifting slide 7 is orthogonal to the movement direction of the translation slide 11. In addition, a mounting arm 6 is connected to the side wall of the lifting slide 7 by screws, and the two side plate ends of the mounting arm 6 are horizontally rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 23 through bearings, and the rotating shaft 23 is located between the two side plates of the mounting arm 6. The grinding worm 5 is provided with a mounting hole for the rotating shaft 23 to pass freely, and the mounting hole is key-connected with the periphery of the rotating shaft 23. A second connecting seat is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the other side of the lifting slide 7. A second screw nut 16 is penetrated through the end surface of the second connecting seat. The upper and lower ends of the second slide 9 are connected with a second ball screw 15 for vertical rotation together. The second ball screw 15 is threadedly penetrated through the second screw nut 16 and forms a rolling screw transmission with the second screw nut 16. The second ball screw 15 is driven to rotate by a second servo motor 8 installed on the top surface of the second slide 9;

[0053] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the top surface of the machine table 1 is vertically rotatably connected to a spindle 2, and the spindle 2 is driven to rotate by an external spindle drive motor. In addition, a three-jaw chuck 3 is installed on the upper end of the spindle 2. The helical gear 4 to be ground is placed on the upper end surface of the three-jaw chuck 3. The three-jaw chuck 3 is adjusted so that the three jaws of the three-jaw chuck 3 are pressed against the center hole of the helical gear 4, so that the helical gear 4 is fixed and clamped, and the spiral teeth of the grinding worm 5 are located above the teeth of the helical gear 4.

[0054] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a stepper motor 10 is installed on the outer wall of one side of the mounting arm 6, and the output shaft of the stepper motor 10 is fixedly sleeved with a driving pulley, and one end of the rotating shaft 23 passes through the mounting arm 6 and is fixedly sleeved with a driven pulley, and the driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a V-belt transmission, so that when the stepper motor 10 is powered, the output shaft of the stepper motor 10 rotates, and then the grinding worm 5 can be driven to rotate;

[0055] Combination Figures 5 to 11As shown, a stop ring 25 is fixedly sleeved on the end of the rotating shaft 23, and a mounting groove for the stop ring 25 to pass freely is opened on the end face of the grinding worm 5. A first spring 24 is arranged in the mounting groove, and the two ends of the first spring 24 in the elastic force direction elastically press against the end face of the stop ring 25 and the inner wall of the mounting groove respectively. A clamping ring 26 is coaxially fixedly connected to the end face of the grinding worm 5, and a mounting ring 32 is fixedly sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft 23. The mounting ring 32 is coaxially fixedly connected to an elastic clamping ring 26 at one end facing the grinding worm 5. The elastic clamping sleeve 28 is provided with a clamping hole 34 for the clamping ring 26 to pass freely through the end surface, and the elastic clamping sleeve 28 is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped notches 33 penetrating the clamping hole 34 on the periphery, and one end of the strip-shaped notches 33 extends to the periphery of the mounting ring 32. The periphery of the mounting ring 32 is sleeved with a driving sleeve 18, and the end surface of the driving sleeve 18 is coaxially provided with a tapered hole 31, and the tapered hole 31 forms a taper match with the elastic clamping sleeve 28. Two ejector rods 27 are horizontally penetrated on the outer wall of the mounting arm 6, and the ejector rods The two push rods 27 slide freely on the mounting arm 6, and the end of the push rod 27 passing through the mounting arm 6 is rotatably embedded with a ball 30, and the ball 30 is in rolling contact with the end surface of the driving sleeve 18. The other ends of the two push rods 27 are fixedly connected to the floating plate 17. The surface of the mounting arm 6 is equipped with an electromagnet 20, and the electromagnet 20 and the floating plate 17 form a magnetic force match, that is, when the electromagnet 20 is energized, it will generate magnetism and generate a magnetic attraction to the floating plate 17, thereby driving the floating plate 17 toward the electromagnet 20. 0 direction movement, in addition, a second spring 21 is sleeved around the periphery of the push rod 27, and the two ends of the second spring 21 in the elastic force direction elastically press against the surfaces of the mounting arm 6 and the floating plate 17 respectively, a pin hole is vertically opened on the surface of the mounting arm 6, and a limit pin 22 is tightly penetrated in the pin hole, and a waist-shaped groove 29 is opened on the periphery of the push rod 27 for the end of the limit pin 22 to be inserted, and the limit pin 22 slides freely in the waist-shaped groove 29, and the movement of the push rod 27 can be limited by the limit pin 22.

[0056] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0057] S1. Clamping the helical gear 4: Place the helical gear 4 flat on the upper end surface of the three-jaw chuck 3, with the three claws of the three-jaw chuck 3 located in the middle hole of the helical gear 4, and then use an external tool to rotate the adjustment bolt of the three-jaw chuck 3, so that the three claws of the three-jaw chuck 3 move relative to each other and the three claws can be pressed against the wall of the middle hole of the helical gear 4, so that the helical gear 4 is fixedly clamped on the three-jaw chuck 3;

[0058] S2. Adjust the grinding worm 5: Start the first servo motor 13, the first servo motor 13 drives the first ball screw 12 to rotate, and through the rolling spiral transmission of the first ball screw 12 and the first screw nut 19, it can drive the translation slide 11 to move horizontally, so as to drive the installation arm 6 to move horizontally, and then start the second servo motor 8, the second servo motor 8 drives the second ball screw 15 to rotate, and through the rolling spiral transmission of the second ball screw 15 and the second screw nut 16, it can drive the lifting slide 7 to move vertically, so as to drive the installation arm 6 to move vertically. Through the above adjustment, the grinding worm 5 can be close to the bevel gear 4. Specifically:

[0059] 2.1) When the grinding worm 5 moves downward, the helical teeth of the grinding worm 5 will roughly correspond to the position between the teeth of the helical gear 4, and then the grinding worm 5 is driven to continue to move downward. At this time, the tooth surface of the helical teeth of the grinding worm 5 will slide relative to the tooth surface of the helical gear 4 until the helical teeth of the grinding worm 5 mesh with the teeth of the helical gear 4. At this time, the helical teeth of the grinding worm 5 are accurately meshed with the helical gear 4. In this embodiment, the tooth surface of the helical gear 4 will produce a squeezing force on the helical teeth of the grinding worm 5, so that after the squeezing force is applied to the grinding worm 5, it will slide on the periphery of the rotating shaft 23 to adjust its position by itself, so that the grinding worm 5 can fully mesh with the helical gear 4 by itself;

[0060] 2.2) In the above step 2.1), if it is observed that the helical teeth of the grinding worm 5 and the inter-tooth positions of the bevel gear 4 differ greatly in the horizontal direction during the downward movement of the grinding worm 5, then the first servo motor 13 can be started to drive the translation slide 11 to produce a corresponding horizontal movement, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm 5 can roughly correspond to the inter-tooth positions of the bevel gear 4;

[0061] 2.3) After the position of the grinding worm 5 is adjusted automatically, the two first springs 24 will be in a compressed state and the other in an extended state, that is, the two first springs 24 accumulate elastic potential energy, and then the external power supply is turned on, so that the electromagnet 20 is energized to generate magnetism. When the electromagnet 20 is energized, it will generate magnetism and generate magnetic attraction to the floating plate 17, thereby driving the floating plate 17 to move in the direction of the electromagnet 20, so that the ball 30 at the end of the push rod 27 pushes against the drive sleeve 18, so that the drive sleeve 18 moves toward the grinding worm 5. The grinding worm 5 moves in the direction of rotation, and the tapered hole 31 of the driving sleeve 18 will slide relative to the periphery of the elastic clamping sleeve 28, and generate a squeezing force on the elastic clamping sleeve 28 along the radial inner side of the elastic clamping sleeve 28, so that the elastic clamping sleeve 28 produces elastic contraction deformation, and the hole wall of the clamping hole 34 will clamp the periphery of the clamping ring 26, thereby fixing the grinding worm 5 on the rotating shaft 23, so that the grinding worm 5 and the rotating shaft 23 are in a relatively static state, and at this time, the second spring 21 is squeezed by the floating plate 17 to accumulate elastic potential energy;

[0062] S3. Grinding operation: the second servo motor 8 drives the lifting slide 7 to move upward, so that the grinding worm 5 is out of contact with the bevel gear 4, and then the stepper motor 10 is started. The output shaft of the stepper motor 10 rotates and drives the active pulley to rotate. The active pulley and the driven pulley are then driven to rotate the rotating shaft 23, thereby rotating the grinding worm 5. Then the second servo motor 8 drives the lifting slide 7 to reciprocate vertically based on the prior art. In addition, the spindle 2 drives the bevel gear 4 to rotate slowly at a constant speed, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm 5 grind the tooth surface of the bevel gear 4. It should be noted that the rotation speed of the spindle 2 and the speed of the vertical reciprocating motion of the lifting slide 7 can be calculated based on the technical common sense in this field, and this embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions here.

[0063] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear grinding device, comprising a machine platform (1), a Y-axis adjustment mechanism, a Z-axis adjustment mechanism, a gear rotation mechanism and a worm grinding mechanism, characterized in that: The worm grinding mechanism comprises: A mounting arm (6) connected to the Z-axis adjustment mechanism, one end of the mounting arm (6) being horizontally rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (23); a grinding worm (5) mounted on the periphery of the rotating shaft (23), wherein the end surface of the grinding worm (5) is coaxially provided with a mounting hole for the rotating shaft (23) to freely pass therethrough, and the mounting hole is key-connected to the periphery of the rotating shaft (23); Elastic abutment units are arranged at two ends of the circumference of the rotating shaft (23), and the two elastic abutment units are used to apply elastic abutment forces to two axial ends of the grinding worm (5), respectively. The elastic abutment units include a stop ring (25) fixedly sleeved on the end of the rotating shaft (23), and the end surface of the grinding worm (5) is provided with a mounting groove for the stop ring (25) to pass freely. A first spring (24) is arranged in the mounting groove, and two ends of the first spring (24) in the elastic force direction elastically abut against the end surface of the stop ring (25) and the inner wall of the mounting groove respectively; A clamping unit is arranged on the outer wall of the mounting arm (6), the clamping unit is used to limit the grinding worm (5) from sliding on the periphery of the rotating shaft (23), the clamping unit comprises a clamping ring (26) coaxially fixed to the end face of the grinding worm (5), one end of the rotating shaft (23) is fixedly sleeved with a mounting ring (32), one end of the mounting ring (32) facing the grinding worm (5) is coaxially fixed with an elastic clamping sleeve (28), the end face of the elastic clamping sleeve (28) is provided with a clamping hole (34) for the clamping ring (26) to pass freely, the periphery of the elastic clamping sleeve (28) is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped notches (33) penetrating the clamping holes (34), one end of the strip-shaped notches (33) extends to the periphery of the mounting ring (32), The mounting ring (32) is sleeved with a driving sleeve (18) on its circumference. The end surface of the driving sleeve (18) is coaxially provided with a tapered hole (31). The tapered hole (31) and the elastic clamping sleeve (28) form a taper fit. Two push rods (27) are horizontally penetrated through the outer wall of the mounting arm (6). The push rods (27) slide freely on the mounting arm (6). One end of the push rod (27) passing through the mounting arm (6) is rotatably embedded with a ball (30). The ball (30) is in rolling contact with the end surface of the driving sleeve (18). The other ends of the two push rods (27) are commonly fixedly connected to a floating plate (17). An electromagnet (20) is installed on the surface of the mounting arm (6). The electromagnet (20) and the floating plate (17) form a magnetic fit.

2. The gear grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis adjustment mechanism comprises a first slide (14) connected to the upper surface of the machine platform (1); the upper surface of the first slide (14) is horizontally slidably connected to a translation slide (11); the bottom of the translation slide (11) is fixedly connected to a first connection seat; a first screw nut (19) is passed through the end surface of the first connection seat; two ends of the first slide (14) are commonly connected to a first ball screw (12) for horizontal rotation; the first ball screw (12) is threadedly passed through the first screw nut (19) and forms a rolling screw transmission with the first screw nut (19); the axial direction of the first ball screw (12) is parallel to the axial direction of the grinding worm (5); the first ball screw (12) is driven to rotate by a first servo motor (13) installed on the side wall of the first slide (14).

3. The gear grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Z-axis adjustment mechanism comprises a second slide (9) mounted on the top of the translation slide (11); the second slide (9) is vertically slidably connected to a lifting slide (7) on one side outer wall facing the grinding worm (5); the mounting arm (6) is connected to the outer wall of the lifting slide (7); the other side outer wall of the lifting slide (7) is fixedly connected to a second connecting seat; a second screw nut (16) is passed through the end surface of the second connecting seat; the upper and lower ends of the second slide (9) are vertically rotatably connected to a second ball screw (15); the second ball screw (15) is threadedly passed through the second screw nut (16) and forms a rolling screw transmission with the second screw nut (16); the second ball screw (15) is driven to rotate by a second servo motor (8) mounted on the top surface of the second slide (9).

4. The gear grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear rotating mechanism comprises a main shaft (2) which is vertically rotatably connected to the top surface of the machine platform (1), and a three-jaw chuck (3) is mounted on the upper end of the main shaft (2).

5. The gear grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stepper motor (10) is mounted on an outer wall of one side of the mounting arm (6); an output shaft of the stepper motor (10) is fixedly sleeved with a driving pulley; one end of the rotating shaft (23) passes through the mounting arm (6) and is fixedly sleeved with a driven pulley; the driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected via a V-belt transmission.

6. The gear grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pin hole is vertically provided on the surface of the mounting arm (6), a limit pin (22) is tightly fitted through the pin hole, a waist-shaped groove (29) is provided on the periphery of the push rod (27) for the end of the limit pin (22) to be inserted, and the limit pin (22) slides freely in the waist-shaped groove (29).

7. The gear grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second spring (21) is sleeved around the periphery of the push rod (27), and two ends of the second spring (21) in the elastic force direction elastically press against the surfaces of the mounting arm (6) and the floating plate (17) respectively.

8. A gear grinding method, applied to the gear grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The helical gear (4) whose tooth surface is to be ground is clamped on the gear rotating mechanism, the Y-axis adjustment mechanism drives the mounting arm (6) to move horizontally, and the Z-axis adjustment mechanism drives the mounting arm (6) to move vertically, so that the grinding worm (5) is close to the helical gear (4), and the spiral teeth of the grinding worm (5) correspond to the teeth of the helical gear (4); The grinding worm (5) is driven by the Z-axis adjustment mechanism to continue to move downward, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm (5) contact the tooth surface between the teeth of the helical gear (4). During the contact process, since the helical gear (4) is fixed, the grinding worm (5) is squeezed by the tooth surface of the helical gear (4), thereby causing the grinding worm (5) to produce a small horizontal movement, and the elastic resisting unit generates an elastic resisting force on the grinding worm (5), thereby causing the helical teeth of the grinding worm (5) to be in a meshing state with the helical gear (4); The clamping unit is started, and the clamping unit locks the grinding worm (5), so that the grinding worm (5) and the rotating shaft (23) are in a relatively static state, and the Z-axis adjustment mechanism is started again and drives the grinding worm (5) to move upward, thereby causing the helical teeth of the grinding worm (5) to be out of meshing with the helical gear (4), thereby completing the position correction of the grinding worm (5) before the helical gear (4) is ground; Finally, the Z-axis adjustment mechanism drives the grinding worm (5) to move vertically and reciprocatingly, and the gear rotation mechanism drives the helical gear (4) to rotate at a constant speed, so that the helical teeth of the grinding worm (5) grind the tooth surface of the helical gear (4).

Images