Glasses plate, preparation method thereof and engineering machinery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and discloses a wear plate, a preparation method thereof and engineering machinery. The glasses plate comprises a glasses plate base body which is provided with two glasses holes which are symmetrically arranged; the wear-resisting plate is arranged on the glasses plate base body, and two through holes matched with the two glasses holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode are formed in the wear-resisting plate; the wear-resistant layer assembly comprises a first wear-resistant layer and a second wear-resistant layer, the first wear-resistant layer extends from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole to the inner circumferential wall of the glasses hole in the radial direction, and the second wear-resistant layer is arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the glasses hole in the circumferential direction; wherein the first wear-resistant layer comprises hard alloy and diamond which are stacked through chemical bonding, the hard alloy is close to one side of the inner peripheral wall of the through hole, and the diamond is arranged on one side, away from the inner peripheral wall of the through hole, of the hard alloy and provided with a plurality of sawteeth arranged in sequence. According to the wear plate, material falling caused by cold solder joint is avoided, the service life of the wear plate is greatly prolonged, and the replacement frequency of the wear plate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to an eyeglass plate and a preparation method thereof, and engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] The eyeglass plate is a vulnerable part of the concrete pump. During the pumping operation, the S-tube drives the cutting ring to quickly cut off the concrete column on the working surface of the eyeglass plate. The working surface of the eyeglass plate and the surrounding of the through hole are subjected to great friction and shear impact. The service life of the eyeglass plate is an important indicator affecting the overall quality of the pumping equipment, so improving the service life of the eyeglass plate has always been the focus of research by engineering and technical personnel.

[0003] The eyeglass plate in the prior art usually includes an eyeglass plate body and an entire sealing plane. Two through holes are formed on the eyeglass plate body. The inner walls of the through holes of the eyeglass plate body are currently made of high-chromium surfacing materials in the industry to form a through-hole surfacing layer, and the sealing plane is made of all-alloy material. However, the wear resistance of this all-alloy material is limited, and it does not help much to improve the wear resistance of the overall eyeglass plate. Therefore, the wear resistance of the current eyeglass plate still needs to be improved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a spectacle plate and a preparation method thereof and an engineering machine, which improve the wear resistance of the spectacle plate.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a spectacle plate, the spectacle plate comprising:

[0006] The eyeglass plate base is provided with two eyeglass holes arranged symmetrically;

[0007] A wear-resistant plate, arranged on the eyeglass plate base, the wear-resistant plate is provided with two through holes corresponding to the two eyeglass holes in a one-to-one manner; and

[0008] The wear-resistant layer assembly comprises a first wear-resistant layer and a second wear-resistant layer, wherein the first wear-resistant layer extends radially from the inner peripheral wall of the through hole to the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole, and the second wear-resistant layer is circumferentially arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole;

[0009] Among them, the first wear-resistant layer includes cemented carbide and diamond formed by chemical bonding in a stacked arrangement, the cemented carbide is close to the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the diamond is arranged on the side away from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole and has a plurality of serrations arranged in sequence; the second wear-resistant layer is a high chromium wear-resistant weldment or an annular wear-resistant sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the width of the first wear-resistant layer in the axial direction inside the through hole and the eyeglass hole is one quarter to one half of the total radial width of the inner circumferential wall of the through hole and the eyeglass hole.

[0011] Preferably, the depth of the saw teeth ranges from 0.5 mm to 3 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the first wear-resistant layer includes a first arc segment and a second arc segment distributed along the circumferential direction on both sides of the axis of the through hole, the arc length of the first arc segment is at least eleven-eighteenths of the semicircle of the through hole, and the arc length of the second arc segment is at least seven-eighteenths of the semicircle of the through hole.

[0013] According to a preferred specific implementation, the first arc segment and the second arc segment are connected end to end in sequence and cover the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the arc length of the first arc segment and the arc length of the second arc segment are both 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole.

[0014] According to another preferred specific embodiment, the first arc segment and the second arc segment are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, the first arc segment and the second arc segment are respectively located on two semicircles of the through hole, the sum of the arc lengths of the first arc segment and the second arc segment is 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole, the first arc segments in the two through holes are arranged symmetrically, and the second arc segments in the two through holes are arranged symmetrically.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the first wear-resistant layer is 4 mm to 8 mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer is 2.5 mm to 5 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness ratio of the cemented carbide to the diamond is 0.68-2.5:1.

[0017] Preferably, the wear-resistant plate is made of a cemented carbide material, and the cemented carbide is a tungsten carbide alloy and / or a titanium carbide alloy; wherein the tungsten carbide alloy and the titanium carbide alloy both meet the following requirements: a steel content of 10wt% to 70wt% and a cobalt content of 3wt% to 20wt%.

[0018] Preferably, the wear-resistant plate includes two alloy rings and an alloy lining plate located between the two alloy rings, the alloy rings are provided with the through holes, the surface of the eyeglass plate base is provided with grooves matching the wear-resistant plates, the alloy rings and the alloy lining plate are embedded in the grooves, and the wear-resistant plate protrudes outward from the outer surface of the eyeglass plate base.

[0019] Preferably, the material of the annular wear-resistant sleeve is selected from at least one of high-chromium cast iron, ceramics and hard alloy containing 50wt% to 90wt% of steel.

[0020] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the eyeglass plate according to the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0021] The eyeglass plate base is milled to form a step surface and a groove on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole;

[0022] Forming a second wear-resistant layer on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole by surfacing or nesting;

[0023] The diamond is pressed onto the cemented carbide by using a binder and sintered to obtain a first wear-resistant layer formed by the cemented carbide and the sawtooth diamond;

[0024] The wear-resistant plate and the first wear-resistant layer are sequentially embedded in the groove and fixed by brazing.

[0025] Preferably, the step of sequentially embedding the wear-resistant plate and the first wear-resistant layer in the groove and brazing them comprises:

[0026] Applying a layer of flux on the inner wall of the groove;

[0027] Laying a copper soldering sheet in the groove;

[0028] placing the wear-resistant plate on the brazing sheet of the groove;

[0029] Laminating the first wear-resistant layer between the wear-resistant plate and the inner wall of the groove;

[0030] All the above materials are fixed by brazing.

[0031] Preferably, the step surface includes a first axial segment, a second axial segment, and a radial segment connected between the first axial segment and the second axial segment, the groove is located on the side of the second axial segment away from the eyeglass hole, the thickness of the second axial segment ranges from 2mm to 5mm, and the thickness of the radial segment ranges from 2mm to 3mm.

[0032] Preferably, the binder is Co element and / or Ni element.

[0033] Preferably, the sintering treatment is carried out under the conditions of ammonia protective atmosphere, heat preservation and pressure preservation, and the process parameters include: temperature of 1500° C. to 1700° C., heat preservation time of 2 min to 4 min, and pressure of 5 GPa to 7 GPa.

[0034] Preferably, the vacuum degree of the brazing is 0.8×10 -3 Pa~1.2×10 -3 Pa;

[0035] And / or, the brazing includes a preheating stage, a heating stage and a slow cooling stage performed in sequence; wherein, the conditions of the heating stage include: a heating rate of 5 to 10°C / min, a heating end temperature of 950°C to 1183°C, and a holding time of 10min to 20min.

[0036] A third aspect of the present invention provides an engineering machine, comprising the eyeglass plate according to the first aspect.

[0037] Through the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0038] (1) The present invention uses cemented carbide and serrated diamond as the materials for the first wear-resistant layer, forms a double-layer structure with the aforementioned materials by chemical bonding, and uses a high-chromium wear-resistant weldment or an annular wear-resistant sleeve to form the second wear-resistant layer. The constructed wear-resistant layer assembly solves the problem that a single diamond has poor weldability and cannot be fixed on the eyeglass plate. At the same time, the cemented carbide substrate gives the double-layer structure good impact toughness, which can withstand the shear impact during the operation of the eyeglass plate.

[0039] (2) In the preparation process of the present invention, the double-layer structure formed by fixing the shearing edge of the eyeglass plate with cemented carbide and serrated diamond by brazing is used to give full play to the super wear resistance and super cutting ability of diamond, and to resist the wear of concrete on the effective sealing area of ​​the eyeglass plate to the greatest extent. Compared with the prior art that uses high chromium wear-resistant welding or pure cemented carbide at the edge of the eyeglass plate, the double-layer structure can greatly increase the service life of the eyeglass plate and reduce the replacement frequency of the eyeglass plate.

[0040] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a front view of a preferred specific embodiment of the wear-resistant layer assembly in the eyeglass plate provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 AA cross-sectional view of the wear-resistant layer assembly and its enlarged view;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a front view of another preferred specific embodiment of the wear-resistant layer assembly in the eyeglass plate provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the process for preparing the eyeglass plate provided by the present invention.

[0045] Description of Reference Numerals

[0046] 10. Glasses plate base 20. Wear-resistant plate

[0047] 201, alloy ring 202, alloy lining

[0048] 30. Wear-resistant layer assembly 301. First wear-resistant layer

[0049] 3011, first arc segment 3012, second arc segment

[0050] 302, second wear-resistant layer 40, step surface

[0051] 401, first axial section 402, second axial section

[0052] 403, radial section 50, groove

[0053] 501, L-shaped groove 502, fan-shaped groove DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "I", "II" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", "I", "II" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0056] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "nested", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the descriptions with reference to the terms "preferably", "further preferably", "preferably", "preferred specific implementation", "in the first embodiment", "in the second embodiment", etc., mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0058] The following combination Figures 1 to 4The structure shown in the figure describes in detail a preferred embodiment of the spectacle plate of the present invention.

[0059] As mentioned above, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a spectacle plate, the spectacle plate comprising:

[0060] The eyeglass plate base 10 is provided with two eyeglass holes arranged symmetrically;

[0061] A wear-resistant plate 20 is provided on the eyeglass plate base 10, and the wear-resistant plate 20 is provided with two through holes corresponding to the two eyeglass holes one by one; and

[0062] The wear-resistant layer assembly 30 comprises a first wear-resistant layer 301 and a second wear-resistant layer 302, wherein the first wear-resistant layer 301 extends radially from the inner peripheral wall of the through hole to the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole, and the second wear-resistant layer 302 is circumferentially arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole;

[0063] Among them, the first wear-resistant layer 301 includes cemented carbide and diamond formed by chemical bonding in a stacked arrangement, the cemented carbide is close to the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the diamond is arranged on the side away from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole and has a plurality of serrations arranged in sequence; the second wear-resistant layer 302 is a high chromium wear-resistant weldment or an annular wear-resistant sleeve.

[0064] It should be noted that the first wear-resistant layer 301 radially extends from the inner circumferential wall of the through hole to the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole, which means that part of the first wear-resistant layer 301 is distributed on the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the other part is distributed on the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole.

[0065] In the eyeglass plate structure provided by the present invention, the double-layer structure obtained by chemically combining diamond and cemented carbide forms the first wear-resistant layer 301, and the high-chromium wear-resistant weldment or the annular wear-resistant sleeve forms the second wear-resistant layer 302, which solves the problem that the single diamond has poor weldability and cannot be fixed on the eyeglass plate. At the same time, the cemented carbide substrate gives the double-layer structure good impact toughness, which can withstand the shear impact during the operation of the eyeglass plate. In addition, the solution has low production cost, no false welding, convenient operation, and easy implementation.

[0066] In order to save material costs, preferably, the eyeglass plate substrate 10 is made of carbon steel, and the carbon steel meets the following requirements: a carbon content of 0.1wt% to 0.4wt%, a manganese content of 0.5wt% to 2wt%, and the carbon steel is selected from at least one of Q235 carbon steel, Q345 carbon steel and 35 carbon steel.

[0067] The thickness of common artificial diamonds on the market is within 5 mm and the length is within 25 mm. Preferably, the first wear-resistant layer 301 in the present invention is formed by splicing arc segments with a length of 15 mm to 25 mm. In this preferred case, the impact force during the operation of the eyeglass plate can be better dispersed.

[0068] During brazing, the workpiece is placed horizontally, and the double-layer structure to be welded formed by cemented carbide and diamond is welded vertically. Therefore, in order to avoid causing a large number of cold welds and causing the material of the inner wall of the through hole to fall off, and at the same time to reduce costs, preferably, the width of the first wear-resistant layer 301 axially located in the through hole and the eyeglass hole is one quarter to one half of the total radial width of the inner circumferential wall of the through hole and the eyeglass hole.

[0069] Preferably, the depth of the saw teeth ranges from 0.5mm to 3mm, preferably from 0.5mm to 1.5mm. In this preferred case, the surface structure of the diamond can make the cutting edge not only wear-resistant but also sharper; when shearing between the plate rings, when hard aggregate is brought into the edge of the eyeglass plate and impacts and collides, the diamond can easily crush the hard aggregate; such an eyeglass plate edge structure has a strong pre-protective effect on the wear-resistant plate 20 of the eyeglass plate, delaying the wear and damage of the sealing surface to the greatest extent.

[0070] Preferably, the first wear-resistant layer 301 includes a first arc segment 3011 and a second arc segment 3012 distributed along the circumferential direction on both sides of the axis of the through hole, the arc length of the first arc segment 3011 is at least eleven-eighteenths of the semicircle of the through hole, and the arc length of the second arc segment 3012 is at least seven-eighteenths of the semicircle of the through hole.

[0071] After analyzing a large number of failed spectacle plates, it was found that the most easily worn areas of the spectacle plates are distributed near both sides of the arc line where the motion trajectory O1O2 of the cutting ring is located. Therefore, in order to improve the wear performance near O1O2, the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 are arranged to cover the inner peripheral wall of the through hole:

[0072] In the first embodiment, the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 are connected end to end in sequence and cover the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the arc length of the first arc segment 3011 and the arc length of the second arc segment 3012 are both 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole.

[0073] In the second embodiment, the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 are respectively located on two semicircles of the through hole, and the sum of the arc lengths of the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 is 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole, and the first arc segments 3011 in the two through holes are symmetrically arranged, and the second arc segments 3012 in the two through holes are symmetrically arranged.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, when the cutting ring swings to the left side of the figure, its left outer circular surface will drive the concrete and the AB segment edge of the eyeglass plate to produce a strong impact. When the cutting ring swings to the right, its left inner circular surface will drive the concrete and the CD segment edge of the eyeglass plate to produce a strong impact. The same is true for the EF and GH segments. Therefore, these four parts of the eyeglass plate are most severely eroded, and the material wear at these four edges is the most serious when the eyeglass plate eventually fails. In order to extend the service life of the eyeglass plate and reduce the cost as much as possible, it is further preferred that the first arc segment 3011 is located as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the left position in the left through hole, in the right through hole, the first arc segment 3011 is located at the right position; for the left through hole, the first arc segment 3011 and O1A, O1B form a fan-shaped structure, wherein the angles between O1A and O1B and the horizontal line are 80-90° and 20-30° respectively; the second arc segment 3012 is located at the right position of the left through hole and the left position of the right through hole; for the left through hole, the second arc segment 3012 and O1C, O1D form a fan-shaped structure, wherein the angles between O1C and O1D and the horizontal line are 30-40° and 40-50° respectively. Similarly, the curvature range of the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 in the right through hole is the same as that of the arc segment in the left through hole, and the arc segments in the left and right through holes are arranged symmetrically.

[0075] If the first wear-resistant layer 301 is too thick, it will break due to being too brittle. If the second wear-resistant layer 302 is too thick, the life of the surfacing layer will be excessive. Therefore, preferably, the thickness of the first wear-resistant layer 301 is 4 mm to 8 mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer 302 is 2.5 mm to 5 mm.

[0076] The thickness of common artificial diamonds on the market is within 5mm, and in order to take into account the wear resistance of the eyeglass plate and the cost of diamond, preferably, the ratio of the thickness of the cemented carbide to the diamond is 0.68-2.5:1, more preferably 1:1. Preferably, the wear-resistant plate 20 is made of cemented carbide material, and the cemented carbide is tungsten carbide alloy and / or titanium carbide alloy; wherein the tungsten carbide alloy and the titanium carbide alloy both meet the following conditions: the steel content is 10wt%-70wt%, and the cobalt content is 3wt%-20wt%. Among them, cobalt mainly acts as a binder in the alloy, and during the high-temperature sintering process, Co and W or Ti in the cemented carbide diffuse and penetrate into the diamond layer, so that a chemical combination of WC-Co-D or Ti-Co-D is generated at the interface between the substrate and the diamond layer. The double-layer structure sintered in this way has good impact toughness due to the cemented carbide; in addition, relying on the cemented carbide substrate, the diamond can be fixed together with the eyeglass plate base 10 and the wear-resistant plate 20 by brazing.

[0077] Preferably, the wear-resistant plate 20 includes two alloy rings 201 and an alloy lining 202 located between the two alloy rings 201, the alloy ring 201 is provided with the through hole, the surface of the eyeglass plate base 10 is provided with a groove 50 corresponding to the wear-resistant plate 20, the alloy ring 201 and the alloy lining 202 are embedded in the groove 50, and the wear-resistant plate 20 protrudes outward from the outer surface of the eyeglass plate base 10, so that the cutting ring can only fit with the wear-resistant plate 20 of the eyeglass plate during the pumping operation to avoid damaging the eyeglass plate base 10.

[0078] Preferably, the height of the alloy ring 201 protruding outward from the outer surface of the eyeglass frame base 10 is 2 mm to 3 mm.

[0079] Preferably, the wear-resistant plate 20 has a thickness of 4 mm to 8 mm.

[0080] Preferably, the material of the annular wear-resistant sleeve is selected from at least one of high-chromium cast iron, ceramics and cemented carbide with a steel content of 50wt% to 90wt%; wherein the annular wear-resistant sleeve is sealed and fitted with the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole, thereby improving the wear-resistant stability of the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole.

[0081] As mentioned above, the second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the eyeglass plate according to the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0082] The eyeglass plate base 10 is milled to form a step surface 40 and a groove 50 on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole;

[0083] Forming a second wear-resistant layer 302 on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole by surfacing or nesting;

[0084] The diamond is pressed onto the cemented carbide by using a binder and sintered to obtain a first wear-resistant layer 301 formed of the cemented carbide and the sawtooth diamond;

[0085] The wear-resistant plate 20 and the first wear-resistant layer 301 are sequentially embedded in the groove 50 and brazed.

[0086] Preferably, the step of sequentially embedding the wear-resistant plate 20 and the first wear-resistant layer 301 in the groove 50 and brazing them comprises:

[0087] Applying a layer of flux on the inner wall of the groove 50;

[0088] Laying the copper soldering sheet in the groove 50;

[0089] Placing the wear-resistant plate 20 on the copper welding sheet of the groove 50;

[0090] The first wear-resistant layer 301 is attached between the wear-resistant plate 20 and the inner wall of the groove 50;

[0091] All the above materials are fixed by brazing.

[0092] Preferably, the step surface 40 includes a first axial section 401, a second axial section 402, and a radial section 403 connected between the first axial section 401 and the second axial section 402. The groove 50 is located on the side of the second axial section 402 away from the eyeglass hole. The thickness of the second axial section 402 is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, and the thickness of the radial section 403 is in the range of 2 mm to 3 mm. In this preferred case, on the one hand, the arc-shaped cemented carbide and serrated diamond double-layer structure can be limited; on the other hand, since the workpiece is placed horizontally during brazing, the surface to be welded of the double-layer structure is vertically welded, which can prevent the liquid brazing material from flowing away vertically. This structural design can ensure that the brazing rate of all welding surfaces reaches 100%, and prevent the occurrence of false welding.

[0093] In the preparation process of the present invention, the second axial section 402 reserved at the bottom of the groove 50 and the first axial section 401 reserved on the inner side before brazing play a role in limiting and fixing the double-layer structure; at the same time, the vertical surface to be welded is prevented from flowing away during the brazing process, so that all brazing surfaces of the eyeglass plate can achieve a 100% brazing rate, thereby ensuring that the alloy will not fall off due to the existence of cold welding during the use of the eyeglass plate.

[0094] Preferably, in order to better press the diamond onto the cemented carbide substrate, the sintering treatment is carried out under the conditions of ammonia protective atmosphere, heat preservation and pressure preservation, and the process parameters include: temperature of 1500°C to 1700°C, heat preservation time of 2min to 4min, and pressure of 5GPa to 7GPa.

[0095] According to a preferred specific embodiment, the binder is Co element and / or Ni element. For example, when the binder is Co element, Co and W or Ti in the cemented carbide diffuse and penetrate into the diamond layer during high-temperature sintering, so that a chemical bond of WC-Co-D or Ti-Co-D is generated at the interface between the substrate and the diamond layer. The double-layer structure material sintered in this way has good impact toughness due to the cemented carbide; in addition, relying on the cemented carbide substrate, the diamond can be fixed to the eyeglass plate substrate 10 and the wear-resistant plate 20 by brazing.

[0096] Preferably, the copper soldering sheet has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 2 mm, preferably 1 mm to 1.5 mm. In this preferred case, it can ensure that the bottom of the surface to be soldered is fully soldered, and the waste of solder can be avoided.

[0097] Preferably, the vacuum degree of the brazing is 0.8×10 -3 Pa~1.2×10 -3 Pa can ensure that the entire eyeglass plate is not oxidized by air and achieve better brazing effect.

[0098] In order to achieve better brazing quality, preferably, the brazing includes a preheating stage, a heating stage and a slow cooling stage performed in sequence; wherein, the conditions of the heating stage include: a heating rate of 5 to 10°C / min, a heating end temperature of 950°C to 1183°C, and a holding time of 10min to 20min.

[0099] In order to improve the flatness and aesthetics of the eyeglass plate, preferably, the preparation process method further comprises: post-processing the entire eyeglass plate, and the post-processing includes correction, surface grinding and finishing.

[0100] like Figure 4 As shown, from left to right, according to a particularly preferred embodiment, the preparation process comprises the following steps:

[0101] S1: Body processing

[0102] The eyeglass plate blank is formed into an outer contour and two eyeglass holes by flame cutting, and a certain processing allowance is reserved on the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole to obtain the eyeglass plate base 10; the eyeglass plate base 10 is milled to form a step surface 40 on the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole, and a groove 50 is formed on the surface of the eyeglass plate base 10; the step surface 40 includes a first axial segment 401, a second axial segment 402 and a radial segment 403 connected between the first axial segment 401 and the second axial segment 402, the groove 50 is located on the side of the second axial segment 402 away from the eyeglass hole, the thickness of the second axial segment 402 ranges from 2mm to 5mm, and the thickness of the radial segment 403 ranges from 2mm to 3mm; the groove 50 includes an L-shaped groove 501 and a fan-shaped groove 502 that are interconnected.

[0103] S2: Forming a surfacing wear-resistant layer or assembling a wear-resistant sleeve

[0104] A layer of high chromium wear-resistant weld is built-up on the first axial section 401 , or an annular wear-resistant sleeve is inserted into it to form a second wear-resistant layer 302 .

[0105] S3: Preparation of double-layer structure of cemented carbide and diamond

[0106] The diamond is pressed onto the cemented carbide by using a binder, and sintered under the conditions of ammonia protective atmosphere, heat preservation and pressure preservation to form a first wear-resistant layer 301;

[0107] S4: Assembly before welding

[0108] A layer of flux is applied to the inner wall of the groove 50, and then a layer of 0.5mm to 2mm thick copper welding sheet is spread flat in the groove 50, and then two alloy rings 201 are embedded in the copper welding sheet in the L-shaped groove 501, and the alloy lining plate 202 is embedded in the copper welding sheet in the fan-shaped groove 502. The two alloy rings 201 and the alloy lining plate 202 form the wear-resistant plate 20; finally, the arc-shaped first wear-resistant layer 301 is attached between the wear-resistant plate 20 and the inner wall of the groove 50.

[0109] S5: Brazing

[0110] All the above materials are fixed by brazing.

[0111] S6: Post-processing of the entire spectacle plate

[0112] Correction and rough grinding: the surface of the eyeglass plate body after brazing is corrected, and then the wear-resistant plate 20 is rough ground using a silicon carbide grinding wheel.

[0113] Body finishing: With the wear-resistant plate 20 as the reference surface, complete all the processing of the bolt holes, dovetail grooves and sealing grooves of the eyeglass plate, and at this time, the second axial section 402 is milled off synchronously.

[0114] Fine grinding: Fine grinding both sides of the eyeglass plate to the thickness and flatness required by the design.

[0115] In this preferred case, the technical solution of the present invention can make the eyeglass plate have good impact resistance and wear resistance while taking into account high practical applicability and low production cost.

[0116] As mentioned above, the third aspect of the present invention provides an engineering machine, the engineering machine comprising the eyeglass plate described in the first aspect, wherein the engineering machine may be a concrete pump truck, a vehicle-mounted pump, or a trailer pump.

[0117] The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples. In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all the raw materials used are commercially available products.

[0118] Q235 carbon steel: carbon content is 0.2wt%, manganese content is 1.0wt%; purchased from Hunan Valin Steel Group Co., Ltd.

[0119] Q345 carbon steel: carbon content is 0.18wt%, manganese content is 1.3wt%; purchased from Hunan Valin Steel Group Co., Ltd.

[0120] 35 carbon steel: carbon content is 0.35wt%, manganese content is 0.6wt%; purchased from Hunan Valin Steel Group Co., Ltd.

[0121] Pure tungsten carbide alloy: containing 15wt% cobalt; purchased from Zhuzhou Jingwuhuan Cemented Carbide Co., Ltd.

[0122] Pure titanium carbide alloy: containing 14 wt% cobalt; purchased from Zhuzhou Jingwuhuan Cemented Carbide Co., Ltd.

[0123] Steel-bonded tungsten carbide alloy: containing 50wt% steel and 4wt% cobalt; purchased from Zhuzhou Jingwuhuan Cemented Carbide Co., Ltd.

[0124] Binder: Co element, purchased from Jiangxi Tungsten Holding Group Co., Ltd.

[0125] In the following examples, the preparation process provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0126] S1: Body processing

[0127] The eyeglass plate blank is formed into an outer contour and two eyeglass holes by flame cutting to obtain an eyeglass plate base 10 with a total thickness of 40 mm; the eyeglass plate base 10 is milled to form a step surface 40 on the inner circumferential wall of the eyeglass hole, and a groove 50 is formed on the surface of the eyeglass plate base 10; the step surface 40 includes a first axial segment 401, a second axial segment 402 and a radial segment 403 connected between the first axial segment 401 and the second axial segment 402, wherein the groove 50 is located on the side of the second axial segment 402 away from the eyeglass hole, the thickness of the second axial segment 402 is 4 mm, and the thickness of the radial segment 403 is 2 mm; the groove 50 includes an L-shaped groove 501 and a fan-shaped groove 502.

[0128] S2: Using a high chromium wear-resistant welding wire to perform build-up welding on the first axial section 401 to form a second wear-resistant layer 302 on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole.

[0129] S3: Diamond is pressed onto cemented carbide using a binder, and sintered under ammonia protective atmosphere and heat preservation and pressure preservation conditions (temperature is 1600°C, heat preservation time is 3 minutes, pressure is 6 GPa) to obtain a double-layer structure formed by cemented carbide and serrated diamond, forming a first wear-resistant layer 301.

[0130] S4: Assembly before welding

[0131] A layer of flux is applied to the inner wall of the groove 50 , and then a layer of 1 mm thick copper welding sheet is spread flat in the groove 50 , and then two alloy rings 201 are embedded in the copper welding sheet in the L-shaped groove 501 , and the alloy lining plate 202 is embedded in the copper welding sheet in the fan-shaped groove 502 , and finally, a first wear-resistant layer 301 in the shape of a circular arc segment with a length of 20 mm is attached between the wear-resistant plate 20 and the inner wall of the groove 50 .

[0132] S5: Brazing

[0133] All the assembled materials are placed in a brazing furnace for vacuum brazing, and then taken out of the furnace after cooling to room temperature. During the brazing process, after the copper solder sheet at the bottom of the groove 50 reaches the melting point, the copper solder liquid will cover all the cemented carbide bottoms and overflow the groove 50 where the double-layer structure is located, completing the brazing between all contact surfaces, so that the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and the eyeglass hole forms the first wear-resistant layer 301.

[0134] The vacuum degree of brazing is 1.0×10 -3 Pa. Brazing includes a preheating stage, a heating stage and a slow cooling stage in sequence; wherein the conditions of the heating stage include: a heating rate of 8°C / min, a heating end temperature of 1000°C, and a holding time of 15min.

[0135] S6: Post-processing of the entire spectacle plate

[0136] Correction and rough grinding: Correct the surface of the brazed eyeglass plate body to within 0.3 mm, then face the body downward on a surface grinder and use a silicon carbide grinding wheel to rough grind the wear-resistant plate 20 until the entire surface is ground up by more than 95%.

[0137] Body finishing: With the wear-resistant plate 20 as the reference surface, complete all the processing of the bolt holes, dovetail grooves, sealing grooves, etc. of the eyeglass plate according to the design requirements, and at this time, the second axial section 402 is milled off simultaneously.

[0138] Fine grinding: Use a surface grinder to fine grind both sides of the eyeglass plate to the thickness and flatness required by the design.

[0139] Example 1

[0140] In step S1, the spectacle plate blank material of the spectacle plate substrate 10 is selected from Q235 carbon steel;

[0141] In step S2, the welding layer thickness of the second wear-resistant layer 302 is 4 mm;

[0142] In step S3, the cemented carbide is pure tungsten carbide alloy with a thickness of 3 mm; the thickness of the diamond is 3 mm, and its surface is made into a plurality of saw teeth arranged in sequence, and the depth of the saw teeth is 1 mm;

[0143] In step S4, the two alloy rings 201 and the alloy lining plate 202 are both made of pure tungsten carbide alloy with a thickness of 6 mm;

[0144] The width of the first wear-resistant layer 301 axially located inside the through hole and the eyeglass hole is 15 mm, and the total thickness is 6 mm; the first wear-resistant layer 301 includes a first arc segment 3011 and a second arc segment 3012 distributed on both sides of the axis of the through hole and arranged circumferentially, the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 are connected end to end in sequence and cover the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the arc length of the first arc segment 3011 and the arc length of the second arc segment 3012 are both 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole.

[0145] According to industrial assessment, the usage volume of the eyeglass plates of this embodiment in Fujian and Guangdong regions where the material conditions are very poor is more than 100,000 cubic meters, and in regions with good material conditions, the usage volume reaches more than 200,000 cubic meters.

[0146] Example 2

[0147] In step S1, the spectacle plate blank material of the spectacle plate base 10 is selected from 35 carbon steel;

[0148] In step S2, the welding layer thickness of the second wear-resistant layer 302 is 3 mm;

[0149] In step S3, the cemented carbide is pure titanium carbide alloy with a thickness of 3 mm; the thickness of the diamond is 2 mm, and its surface is smooth without any special treatment;

[0150] In step S4, the two alloy rings 201 and the alloy lining plate 202 are both made of pure tungsten carbide alloy with a thickness of 4 mm;

[0151] The width of the first wear-resistant layer 301 axially located inside the through hole and the eyeglass hole is 10 mm, and the total thickness is 5 mm; the first wear-resistant layer 301 includes a first arc segment 3011 and a second arc segment 3012 distributed on both sides of the axis of the through hole and arranged circumferentially, the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 are connected end to end in sequence and cover the inner circumferential wall of the through hole, and the arc length of the first arc segment 3011 and the arc length of the second arc segment 3012 are both 1 / 2 of the circumference of the through hole.

[0152] According to industrial assessment, the usage volume of the eyeglass plates of this embodiment in Fujian and Guangdong regions where the material conditions are very poor is more than 80,000 cubic meters, and in regions with good material conditions, it reaches more than 160,000 cubic meters.

[0153] Example 3

[0154] In step S1, the spectacle plate blank material of the spectacle plate substrate 10 is selected from Q345 carbon steel;

[0155] In step S2, the welding layer thickness of the second wear-resistant layer 302 is 3 mm;

[0156] In step S3, the cemented carbide is pure tungsten carbide alloy with a thickness of 2 mm; the thickness of the diamond is 2 mm, and a plurality of saw teeth arranged in sequence are formed on its surface, and the depth of the saw teeth is 0.5 mm;

[0157] In step S4, the two alloy rings 201 and the alloy liner 202 are both made of steel-bonded tungsten carbide alloy with a thickness of 4 mm;

[0158] The first wear-resistant layer 301 has a width of 10 mm in the axial direction inside the through hole and the eyeglass hole, and a total thickness of 4 mm;

[0159] The first wear-resistant layer 301 includes a first arc segment 3011 and a second arc segment 3012 distributed on both sides of the axis of the through hole and arranged in the circumferential direction. The arc length of the first arc segment 3011 is 11 / 18 of the semicircle of the through hole, and the arc length of the second arc segment 3012 is 7 / 18 of the semicircle of the through hole. The first arc segments 3011 in the two through holes are symmetrically arranged, and the second arc segments 3012 in the two through holes are symmetrically arranged.

[0160] The first arc segment 3011 is located at the left side of the left through hole, and in the right through hole, the first arc segment 3011 is located at the right side; for the left through hole, the first arc segment 3011, O1A and O1B form a fan-shaped structure, wherein the angles between O1A and O1B and the horizontal line are 90° and 20° respectively; the second arc segment 3012 is located at the right side of the left through hole and the left side of the right through hole; for the left through hole, the second arc segment 3012, O1C and O1D form a fan-shaped structure, wherein the angles between O1C and O1D and the horizontal line are 30° and 40° respectively. Similarly, the curvature range of the first arc segment 3011 and the second arc segment 3012 in the right through hole is the same as that of the arc segment in the left through hole, and the arc segments in the left and right through holes are symmetrically arranged;

[0161] Except for the above four arc-shaped segments, other regions of the first wear-resistant layer 301 are all welded with high-chromium welding wire, and the thickness of the welding layer is 3 mm.

[0162] According to industrial assessment, the usage volume of the eyeglass plates of this embodiment in Fujian and Guangdong regions where the material conditions are very poor is more than 75,000 cubic meters, and in regions with good material conditions, the usage volume reaches about 150,000 cubic meters.

[0163] Example 4

[0164] The eyeglass plate is prepared according to the preparation process of Example 2, except that in step S3, the cemented carbide is steel-bonded tungsten carbide alloy; in step S4, the two alloy rings 201 and the alloy lining plate 202 are both made of steel-bonded tungsten carbide alloy.

[0165] According to industrial assessment, the usage volume of the eyeglass plates of this embodiment in Fujian and Guangdong regions where the material conditions are very poor is more than 70,000 cubic meters, and in regions with good material conditions, it reaches more than 140,000 cubic meters.

[0166] Comparative Example 1

[0167] The eyeglass plate is prepared according to the preparation process of Example 1, except that the second wear-resistant layer 302 is not formed, and a double-layer structure formed by cemented carbide and diamond is brazed on the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and the eyeglass hole to form a first wear-resistant layer 301; the width of the first wear-resistant layer 301 in the axial direction inside the through hole and the eyeglass hole is the total radial width of the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and the eyeglass hole. In addition, the entire wear-resistant plate 20 also adopts a double-layer structure formed by cemented carbide and diamond, and is brazed and fixed to the eyeglass plate base 10.

[0168] In addition, since the double-layer structure formed by cemented carbide and sawtooth diamond is used entirely on the inner peripheral wall, similar to the process of using cemented carbide entirely, the radial width value on the vertical brazing surface is large, it is difficult to ensure the brazing rate, which easily leads to the generation of false welding.

[0169] According to industrial assessment, the usage volume of the eyeglass plates in this comparative example is about 6 cubic meters in Fujian and Guangdong where the material conditions are very poor, and about 100,000 cubic meters in areas with good material conditions.

[0170] It can be seen from the above results that the present invention uses cemented carbide and diamond to form a stacked arrangement through chemical bonding, and uses brazing to fix the double-layer structure on the base of the eyeglass plate to form a first wear-resistant layer, and uses high-chromium wear-resistant welded parts to be built-up or inserted into an annular wear-resistant sleeve to form a second wear-resistant layer. The wear-resistant layer assembly solves the problem that a single diamond has poor weldability and cannot be fixed on the eyeglass plate; at the same time, the cemented carbide base gives the double-layer structure good impact toughness, which can withstand the shear impact during the operation of the eyeglass plate. The diamond also exerts super wear resistance and super cutting ability, and resists the wear of concrete on the effective sealing area of ​​the eyeglass plate to the greatest extent.

[0171] In short, the glasses plate of the present invention will not have material shedding due to the existence of cold welding, which greatly improves the service life of the glasses plate and reduces the replacement frequency of the glasses plate. In addition, only the double-layer structure formed by cemented carbide and diamond is used at the shearing edge, which is lower in cost than all-alloy or all-double-layer structures.

[0172] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spectacle plate, characterized in that: The eyeglass plate comprises: The eyeglass plate base (10) is provided with two eyeglass holes which are symmetrically arranged; A wear-resistant plate (20) is arranged on the eyeglass plate base (10), and the wear-resistant plate (20) is provided with two through holes corresponding to the two eyeglass holes in a one-to-one manner; The wear-resistant layer assembly (30) comprises a first wear-resistant layer (301) and a second wear-resistant layer (302), wherein the first wear-resistant layer (301) extends radially from the inner peripheral wall of the through hole to the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole, and the second wear-resistant layer (302) is circumferentially arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole; The first wear-resistant layer (301) comprises cemented carbide and diamond which are stacked by chemical bonding, the cemented carbide is close to the inner peripheral wall of the through hole, and the diamond is arranged on the side away from the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and has a plurality of saw teeth arranged in sequence; the second wear-resistant layer (302) is a high-chromium wear-resistant weldment or an annular wear-resistant sleeve.

2. The eyeglass plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the first wear-resistant layer (301) located in the through hole and the eyeglass hole along the axial direction ranges from one quarter to one half of the total radial width of the inner peripheral wall of the through hole and the eyeglass hole.

3. The eyeglass plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first wear-resistant layer (301) comprises a first arc segment (3011) and a second arc segment (3012) which are distributed along the circumferential direction on both sides of the axis of the through hole, the arc length of the first arc segment (3011) being at least eleven-eighteenths of the semicircle of the through hole, and the arc length of the second arc segment (3012) being at least seven-eighteenths of the semicircle of the through hole.

4. The eyeglass plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the first wear-resistant layer (301) is 4 mm to 8 mm, and the thickness of the second wear-resistant layer (302) is 2.5 mm to 5 mm; And / or, the thickness ratio of the cemented carbide to the diamond is 0.68-2.5:

1.

5. The eyeglass plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The wear-resistant plate (20) is made of a hard alloy material, and the hard alloy is a tungsten carbide alloy and / or a titanium carbide alloy; wherein the tungsten carbide alloy and the titanium carbide alloy both satisfy the following requirements: a steel content of 10 wt% to 70 wt% and a cobalt content of 3 wt% to 20 wt%.

6. The spectacle plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The wear-resistant plate (20) comprises two alloy rings (201) and an alloy lining plate (202) located between the two alloy rings (201); the alloy rings (201) are provided with the through holes; a groove (50) matching the wear-resistant plate (20) is provided on the surface of the eyeglass plate base (10); the alloy rings (201) and the alloy lining plate (202) are embedded in the groove (50); and the wear-resistant plate (20) protrudes outward from the outer surface of the eyeglass plate base (10).

7. A method for preparing a spectacle plate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The preparation process comprises: The eyeglass plate base (10) is milled to form a step surface (40) and a groove (50) on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole; Forming a second wear-resistant layer (302) on the inner peripheral wall of the eyeglass hole by surfacing or nesting; Using a binder to press diamond onto a cemented carbide and sintering the diamond to obtain a first wear-resistant layer (301) formed of the cemented carbide and the sawtooth diamond; The wear-resistant plate (20) and the first wear-resistant layer (301) are sequentially embedded in the groove (50) and brazed.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The step surface (40) comprises a first axial section (401), a second axial section (402), and a radial section (403) connected between the first axial section (401) and the second axial section (402); the groove (50) is located on a side of the second axial section (402) away from the eyeglass hole; the thickness of the second axial section (402) is in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm, and the thickness of the radial section (403) is in the range of 2 mm to 3 mm.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The binder is Co element and / or Ni element; And / or, the sintering treatment is carried out under the conditions of ammonia protective atmosphere, heat preservation and pressure preservation, and the process parameters include: temperature of 1500° C. to 1700° C., heat preservation time of 2 min to 4 min, and pressure of 5 GPa to 7 GPa; And / or, the brazing vacuum degree is 0.8×10 -3 Pa~1.2×10 -3 Pa; And / or, the brazing includes a preheating stage, a heating stage and a slow cooling stage performed in sequence; wherein, the conditions of the heating stage include: a heating rate of 5 to 10°C / min, a heating end temperature of 950°C to 1183°C, and a holding time of 10min to 20min.

10. An engineering machine, characterized in that: The engineering machinery comprises the eyeglass panel according to any one of claims 1-6.

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