Radial clamping device for annular workpieces

Abstract

The application provides a radial clamping device for a ring-shaped workpiece. The device solves the problem of insufficient stability of clamping of the existing thin-walled workpiece, and the thin-walled workpiece is easy to move during processing, which affects the processing quality. In the application, the workpiece is fixed radially by two positioning blocks and pressing blocks respectively located on the inner side and the outer side of the workpiece, and the radial positioning and clamping of the workpiece avoids the deformation of the ring-shaped workpiece, especially the thin-walled workpiece, and high-precision processing can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a radial clamping device for annular workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In machining, it is common to encounter ring-shaped workpieces, especially those requiring machining of inner and outer diameters and end faces. A three-jaw chuck is typically used to hold these workpieces; however, the jaws of a three-jaw chuck can easily deform the workpiece when clamping it. Therefore, suction cups were initially used to pick up the end faces of ring-shaped workpieces for machining. However, the suction area of ​​a suction cup is often insufficient for many ring-shaped workpieces, meaning the contact area between the suction cup and the end face is small. This results in a small force-bearing area, leading to insufficient clamping stability and easy movement of the workpiece during machining, affecting machining quality. There are areas for improvement in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention addresses the aforementioned existing conditions by providing a radial clamping device for annular workpieces, mounted on a machine tool. The device comprises a rotary disk mounted on the machine tool spindle, an axial positioning surface perpendicular to the spindle axis, and a radial positioning mechanism. The radial positioning mechanism includes two positioning blocks fixedly mounted on the axial positioning surface, which abut against the workpiece. A pressure block is provided on the axial positioning surface for pressing the annular workpiece against the positioning blocks. The positioning blocks and the pressure block are located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece, respectively. A driving mechanism for moving the pressure block is provided on one side of the pressure block.

[0004] Preferably, the machine tool is also provided with an axial positioning mechanism, which includes a pressing device for pressing the workpiece against the axial positioning surface. The pressing device includes a fluid pressure plate disposed on the machine tool and facing the axial positioning surface. A plurality of nozzles are fixedly disposed at one end of the fluid pressure plate facing the axial positioning surface to press the workpiece against the axial positioning surface.

[0005] Preferably, the fluid pressure plate has a notch for the cutting tool to enter the fluid pressure plate and cut the inside of the workpiece, and the fluid pressure plate is C-shaped.

[0006] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a guide block fixedly mounted on an axial positioning surface, a guide rod movably mounted on the guide block, one end of the guide rod fixedly mounted on the pressure block, and a spring sleeved on the guide rod to drive the pressure block to move away from the guide block. A base is fixedly mounted on the rotary disk, and a wedge block is movably mounted on the side of the base facing the workpiece. The pressure block is fixedly mounted on the end face of the wedge block facing the workpiece. The spring is located above the wedge block and abuts against the wedge block. A certain gap is left between the guide rod and the wedge block. The machine tool is provided with a push rod for driving the wedge block to move towards the spring.

[0007] Preferably, the driving mechanism is a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure block and the driving mechanism are provided in two sets, each corresponding to two positioning blocks.

[0009] Preferably, the axial positioning surface is a magnetic chuck, which can hold a magnetic workpiece and position the workpiece axially.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning block is located inside the annular workpiece.

[0011] Preferably, the positioning block is located on the outside of the annular workpiece.

[0012] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a guide block fixedly mounted on the axial positioning surface, a guide rod movably mounted on the guide block, one end of the guide rod being fixedly mounted on the pressure block, and a spring sleeved on the guide rod driving the pressure block to move away from the guide block and towards the positioning block, thereby pressing the workpiece against the positioning block.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, in this invention, the workpiece is radially fixed by two positioning blocks and pressure blocks located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece, respectively. When the workpiece is radially positioned and clamped, deformation of the annular workpiece, especially the thin-walled part, is avoided, and high-precision machining can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is an overall structural view of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is an overall structural view of the fluid pressure plate;

[0016] Figure 3 This is an overall structural view of the axial positioning surface;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 4;

[0018] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 6.

[0019] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Main shaft; 2. Axial positioning surface; 3. Pressing device; 4. Radial positioning device; 5. Fluid pressure plate; 6. Nozzle; 7. Positioning block; 8. Pressing block; 9. Drive mechanism; 10. Guide block; 11. Guide rod; 12. Spring; 13. Connecting rod; 14. Pressing surface; 15. Base; 16. Wedge block; 17. Push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings: Example 1

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a radial clamping device for annular workpieces is installed on a machine tool. It includes a rotary disk mounted on the machine tool spindle 1, an axial positioning surface 2 perpendicular to the spindle 1, and a pressing device 3 for pressing the workpiece against the axial positioning surface 2. The axial positioning surface 2 is located on the rotary disk. A radial positioning device 4 for positioning the workpiece is provided on the axial positioning surface 2. The pressing device 3 includes a fluid pressure disk 5 mounted on the machine tool and facing the axial positioning surface 2. Multiple nozzles 6 are fixedly mounted on one end of the fluid pressure disk 5 facing the axial positioning surface 2, which spray water to press the workpiece against the axial positioning surface 2. The fluid pressure plate 5 has a notch for the cutting tool to enter and cut the interior of the workpiece. The fluid pressure plate 5 is C-shaped. The nozzles 6 are evenly distributed on the end face of the fluid pressure plate 5 facing the spindle 1. When machining the workpiece, the cutting tool can enter the fluid pressure plate 5 through this notch to process the interior. The fluid pressure plate 5 is mounted on the machine tool via a connecting rod 13 that is movably mounted on the machine tool. The position of the fluid pressure plate 5 can be adjusted along the length of the spindle 1 via the connecting rod 13. The distance between the fluid pressure plate 5 and the axial positioning surface 2 can be easily adjusted via the connecting rod 13 for machining different workpieces. The radial positioning device 4 limits the workpiece in the radial direction, and the water flow from the nozzles 6 on the fluid pressure plate 5 presses the workpiece against the axial positioning surface 2 to fix it, resulting in a more stable installation and preventing deformation. When cutting the workpiece, the tool holder can move through the opening on the C-shaped fluid pressure plate 5 without contacting it. Simultaneously, the water flow presses the workpiece against the axial positioning surface 2, carrying away any residue from the machining process. The plane of the nozzle is parallel to the workpiece end face, and multiple nozzles are located on the same plane. Pressurized fluid is ejected from the nozzle and flows out through the gap between the nozzle plane and the workpiece end face, pressing the workpiece against the plane of the rotating disk.

[0022] The positioning device includes two positioning blocks 7 fixedly mounted on the axial positioning surface 2. Each positioning block 7 abuts against the inner wall of the workpiece. A pressing block 8 is provided on the axial positioning surface 2 to press the workpiece against the positioning blocks 7. The positioning blocks 7 and pressing blocks 8 are located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece, respectively. Each pressing block 8 has a pressing surface 14 that contacts the workpiece. A driving mechanism 9 is provided on one side of the pressing block 8 to drive its movement. The driving mechanism 9 includes a guide block 10 fixedly mounted on the axial positioning surface 2. A guide rod 11 is movably mounted on the guide block 10. One end of the guide rod 11 is fixedly mounted on the pressing block 8. A spring 12 is sleeved on the guide rod 11 to drive the pressing block 8 to move away from the guide block 10. A base 15 is fixedly mounted on the rotating disk. A wedge block 16 is movably mounted on the side of the base 15 facing the workpiece. The pressing block 8 is fixedly mounted on the end face of the wedge block 16 facing the workpiece. The spring 12 is located on the wedge block 16. Above the wedge block 16, and with the spring 12 abutting against it, a certain gap is left between the guide rod 11 and the wedge block 16. The machine tool is equipped with a push rod 17 for driving the wedge block 16 to move towards the spring 12. When fixing the workpiece, the spring 12 drives the wedge block 16 to move obliquely along the base 15, causing the pressure block 8 fixed on the wedge block 16 to move towards the workpiece and press the workpiece against the positioning block 7 to complete the workpiece fixing. After the workpiece is released by driving the wedge block 16 towards the spring 12 through the push rod 17, the workpiece is removed. The push rod 17 is a cylinder. The radial positioning and clamping of the workpiece by the two positioning blocks 7 and the pressure block 8 avoids the deformation of the annular workpiece, especially the thin-walled part, and can achieve high-precision machining. The drive mechanism 9 makes the workpiece tightly pressed against the two positioning blocks 7, making the positioning more stable and preventing the workpiece from shifting during the machining process. Example 2

[0023] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the axial positioning surface 2 is a suction cup, which doubles the workpiece by means of the suction cup and the fluid pressure plate 5, and fixes the workpiece in the radial direction by means of multiple pressure blocks 8 surrounding the outer periphery of the workpiece. Example 3

[0024] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that there are two pressure blocks 8, and the pressure blocks 8 are arranged opposite to the positioning blocks 7. Example 4

[0025] The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 4 As shown, the positioning block 7 is located on the outside of the workpiece, and the pressure block 8 is located inside the workpiece. The workpiece is positioned and fixed by the outer wall of the workpiece abutting against the positioning block 7. Example 5

[0026] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the axial positioning surface 2 is a magnetic chuck, which can hold the magnetic workpiece and position it axially. Simultaneously, the axial positioning surface 2 of the magnetic chuck adsorbs the annular workpiece, and the fluid ejected from the fluid pressure plate 5 presses the annular workpiece against the axial positioning surface 2, achieving double fixation and making the installation more stable. Example 6

[0027] The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 5 As shown, the driving mechanism 9 includes a guide block 10 fixedly mounted on the axial positioning surface 2. A guide rod 11 is movably mounted on the guide block 10. One end of the guide rod 11 is fixedly mounted on the pressure block 8. A spring 12 is sleeved on the guide rod 11 to drive the pressure block 8 to move away from the guide block 10 and towards the positioning block 7, thereby pressing the workpiece against the positioning block 7. The length of the guide rod 11 passes through the center of the rotating disk.

[0028] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A radial clamping device for annular workpieces, mounted on a machine tool, characterized in that, The machine tool includes a rotary disk mounted on the spindle (1), an axial positioning surface (2) perpendicular to the spindle (1) axis, and a radial positioning mechanism. The axial positioning surface (2) is located on the rotary disk. The radial positioning mechanism includes two positioning blocks (7) fixedly mounted on the axial positioning surface (2). The positioning blocks (7) abut against the workpiece. The axial positioning surface (2) is provided with a pressing block (8) for pressing the annular workpiece against the positioning block (7). The positioning block (7) and the pressing block (8) are located on the inner and outer sides of the workpiece, respectively. A drive mechanism (9) for moving the pressure block (8) is provided on one side. The machine tool is also provided with an axial positioning mechanism, which includes a pressing device (3) for pressing the annular workpiece against the axial positioning surface (2). The pressing device (3) includes a fluid pressure plate (5) provided on the machine tool and facing the axial positioning surface (2). A plurality of nozzles (6) are fixedly provided at one end of the fluid pressure plate (5) facing the axial positioning surface (2) to press the annular workpiece against the axial positioning surface (2). The driving mechanism (9) includes a guide block (10) fixedly mounted on the axial positioning surface (2). A guide rod (11) is movably mounted on the guide block (10). One end of the guide rod (11) is fixedly mounted on the pressure block (8). A spring (12) is sleeved on the guide rod (11) to drive the pressure block (8) to move away from the guide block (10). A base (15) is fixedly mounted on the rotary disk. A wedge block (16) is movably mounted on the side of the base (15) facing the workpiece. The pressure block (8) is fixedly mounted on the end face of the wedge block (16) facing the workpiece. The spring (12) is located above the wedge block (16) and abuts against the wedge block (16). A certain gap is left between the guide rod (11) and the wedge block (16). A push rod (17) is provided on the machine tool to drive the wedge block (16) to move in the direction of the spring (12).

2. The radial clamping device for annular workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure block (8) and the drive mechanism (9) are provided with two sets, each corresponding to two positioning blocks (7).

3. The radial clamping device for annular workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial positioning surface (2) is a magnetic chuck, which can hold magnetic workpieces and position them axially.

4. The radial clamping device for annular workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push rod (17) is a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

5. The radial clamping device for annular workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning block (7) is located inside the annular workpiece.

6. The radial clamping device for annular workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning block (7) is located on the outside of the annular workpiece.

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