Suspension device and engineering vehicle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a suspension device and an engineering vehicle. The telescopic rigid piece is inserted between the frame and the axle and supports the frame when extending out, the telescopic rigid piece is moved out from the frame and the axle when retracting back, the telescopic oil cylinder does not directly bear loads applied by the frame and the axle, only the rigid cushion block needs to be driven to move, the pressure borne by the telescopic oil cylinder is greatly reduced, and oil leakage is avoided. The rigid cushion block is inserted between the frame and the axle, so that the rigid state is realized, and the operation is convenient; after the telescopic oil cylinder drives the rigid cushion block to retract, the rigid cushion block leaves the frame, at the moment, the frame can swing around a hinge point to compensate impact caused by uneven road surfaces, and the elastic buffering piece can absorb the impact to achieve shock absorption. The hydraulic system is low in working pressure and high in safety, the rigid and elastic states are detected and recognized through the position sensor, and the accuracy is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular relates to a suspension device and an engineering vehicle. Background Art

[0002] For off-road tire cranes and industrial cranes, there is a need for lifting and traveling with loads and for tires to support the lifting. Under such working conditions, in order to ensure safety, the axle and the frame must be rigidly connected. Under normal no-load driving conditions, the axle is required to be in an elastic state for comfort. In order to meet the multi-working condition requirements of the vehicle, a suspension mechanism needs to be set between the frame and the axle to achieve the switching between the elastic and rigid states through the suspension mechanism.

[0003] The structure of the suspension device in the prior art is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, when the vehicle needs to travel with a heavy load or the tires support the heavy load, the control valve 8 is not energized, the valve core works in the upper position, the hydraulic cylinder 9 is in a locked state, and the frame 1 and the axle 4 are rigidly connected. When the vehicle needs to travel normally, the control valve 8 is energized, the valve core of the control valve 8 works in the lower position, and the hydraulic cylinder 9 is in a floating state. If the road surface is uneven, the wheels on one side can rotate and swing around the support point A to compensate for the impact caused by the uneven road surface. However, the above-mentioned suspension device has the following problems: the cylinder is subjected to large force, there is pressure shock, and it is easy to leak oil; the cylinder is designed to be large in size, with a high pressure level and high cost; relying on the control valve to lock the cylinder cannot avoid internal leakage and the locking effect is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a suspension device and an engineering vehicle, which can avoid the problems of high force and oil leakage caused by relying on cylinder support, and can achieve rigidity and elasticity switching.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a suspension device, which is arranged between a vehicle frame and a vehicle axle, wherein the vehicle frame and the vehicle axle are hinged, and comprises an elastic buffer component and a telescopic rigid component, wherein the elastic buffer component is arranged between the vehicle frame and the vehicle axle, and the telescopic rigid component is inserted between the vehicle frame and the vehicle axle and supports the vehicle frame when extended, and is moved out from between the vehicle frame and the vehicle axle when retracted.

[0007] Optionally, the telescopic rigid members are provided in two groups, and the two groups of telescopic rigid members are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge point between the vehicle frame and the axle.

[0008] Optionally, the telescopic rigid member includes a rigid pad and a driving member, wherein the driving member is used to drive the rigid pad to extend and retract, the rigid pad is inserted between the frame and the axle and supports the frame when extended, and is removed from between the frame and the axle when retracted.

[0009] Optionally, the driving member includes a telescopic cylinder, and the telescopic cylinder is used to drive the extension and retraction of the rigid pad.

[0010] Optionally, the two groups of telescopic rigid parts respectively include a first rigid pad and a first telescopic cylinder connected to the first rigid pad and a second rigid pad and a second telescopic cylinder connected to the second rigid pad, and the first telescopic cylinder and the second telescopic cylinder are synchronously controlled by a hydraulic system.

[0011] Optionally, the hydraulic system includes a reversing valve, the oil inlet of the reversing valve is connected to the oil circuit end of the hydraulic pump, and the oil return port of the reversing valve is connected to the oil storage tank; the reversing valve also includes port A and port B, port A is connected to the rodless chamber of the first telescopic cylinder and the rodless chamber of the second telescopic cylinder, and port B is connected to the rod chamber of the first telescopic cylinder and the rod chamber of the second telescopic cylinder; when the reversing valve is in a first state, the oil inlet is connected to port B, and the oil return port is connected to port A; when the reversing valve is in a second state, the oil inlet is connected to port A, and the oil return port is connected to port B.

[0012] It also includes a controller, a position sensor is arranged on the frame, the position sensor is used to detect the position of the telescopic rigid member, the position sensor is connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the controller controls the telescopic rigid member through the signal input by the position sensor.

[0013] Optionally, the elastic buffer members are provided in two groups, and the two groups of elastic buffer members are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge point between the frame and the axle.

[0014] Optionally, a first connecting seat is provided in the middle of the frame, a second connecting seat is provided in the middle of the axle, and the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat are hingedly connected via a pin shaft.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application also provides an engineering vehicle, including a frame and an axle, wherein the above-mentioned suspension device is arranged between the frame and the axle.

[0016] Optionally, the vehicle axle comprises a front axle and a rear axle, the suspension device is arranged between the rear axle and the vehicle frame, and the front axle is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The telescopic cylinder in the present invention does not directly bear the load applied by the frame and the axle, but only needs to drive the rigid pad to move, which greatly reduces the pressure on the telescopic cylinder and avoids oil leakage. The rigid pad is inserted between the frame and the axle to achieve a rigid state, which is convenient for operation; after the telescopic cylinder drives the rigid pad to retract, the rigid pad leaves the frame, and the frame can swing around the hinge point to compensate for the impact caused by the uneven road surface. The elastic buffer can absorb the impact and achieve shock absorption. The hydraulic system in the present invention has low working pressure and high safety, and detects and identifies the rigidity and elasticity state through position sensors, with high accuracy and convenient control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a suspension device in the prior art;

[0021] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a suspension device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram for illustrating the relationship between the telescopic rigid member and the frame structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Description of reference numerals:

[0024] 1. Frame; 2. Axle; 3. Elastic buffer; 4. Pin; 5. Telescopic rigid part; 51. First rigid pad; 52. First telescopic cylinder; 53. Second rigid pad; 54. Second telescopic cylinder; 6. Solenoid reversing valve; 7. Position sensor; P, oil inlet; T, oil return port; 8. Control valve; 9. Hydraulic cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present application and its application or use.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A suspension device is arranged between a vehicle frame 1 and a vehicle axle 2. The vehicle frame 1 and the vehicle axle 2 are hinged, and include an elastic buffer 3 and a telescopic rigid member 5. The elastic buffer 3 is arranged between the vehicle frame 1 and the vehicle axle 2. When the telescopic rigid member 5 is extended, it is inserted between the vehicle frame 1 and the vehicle axle 2 and supports the vehicle frame 1. When the telescopic rigid member 5 is retracted, it moves out from between the vehicle frame 1 and the vehicle axle 2.

[0028] The rigid pad is inserted between the frame 1 and the axle 2 to achieve a rigid state, which is convenient for operation; after the telescopic cylinder drives the rigid pad to retract, the rigid pad leaves the frame 1, and the frame 1 can swing around the hinge point to achieve an elastic state, compensating for the impact caused by uneven road surface, and the elastic buffer 3 can absorb the impact and achieve shock absorption. In this application, the telescopic rigid member 5 does not directly bear the load applied by the frame 1 and the axle 2, avoiding the problems of high force and oil leakage caused by relying on the cylinder support.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a first connection seat is provided in the middle of the frame 1, a second connection seat is provided in the middle of the axle 2, and the first connection seat and the second connection seat are hinged by a pin 4. Two groups of telescopic rigid members 5 are provided, and the two groups of telescopic rigid members 5 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge point (pin 4) between the frame 1 and the axle 2; two groups of elastic buffer members 3 are also provided, and the two groups of elastic buffer members 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge point between the frame 1 and the axle 2. The elastic buffer member 3 can be an elastic pad or a spring, etc., and an elastic pad is used in this embodiment.

[0031] The two groups of telescopic rigid members 5 respectively include a first rigid pad 51 and a first telescopic oil cylinder 52 connected to the first rigid pad 51, and a second rigid pad 53 and a second telescopic oil cylinder 54 connected to the second rigid pad 53. When the first rigid pad 51 and the second rigid pad 53 are extended, they are inserted between the frame 1 and the axle 2 and support the frame 1 to achieve a rigid state. When the first rigid pad 51 and the second rigid pad 53 are retracted, they are removed from the frame 1 and the axle 2 to achieve an elastic state. The first telescopic oil cylinder 52 and the second telescopic oil cylinder 54 are synchronously controlled by a hydraulic system. The telescopic oil cylinder can be set on the frame 1 or on the axle 2. In this embodiment, the telescopic oil cylinders are all set on the frame 1.

[0032] The hydraulic system includes a reversing valve. In this embodiment, the reversing valve adopts an electromagnetic reversing valve 6. The reversing valve can also adopt other reversing valves with mid-position functions. The oil inlet P of the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 is connected to the oil circuit end of the hydraulic pump, and the oil return port T of the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 is connected to the oil storage tank; the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 also includes an A port and a B port. The A port is connected to the rodless chamber of the first telescopic cylinder 52 and the rodless chamber of the second telescopic cylinder 54, and the B port is connected to the rod chamber of the first telescopic cylinder 52 and the rod chamber of the second telescopic cylinder 54; when the Ya end of the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 is energized, the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 works in the upper position and is in the first state. At this time, the oil inlet P is connected to the B port, and the oil return port T is connected to the A port; when the Yb end of the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 is energized, the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 works in the lower position and is in the second state. At this time, the oil inlet P is connected to the A port, and the oil return port T is connected to the B port.

[0033] The vehicle frame 1 further includes a controller, and a position sensor 7 is installed on the vehicle frame 1. The position sensor 7 is used to detect the position of the telescopic rigid member 5. The position sensor 7 is connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the controller controls the telescopic rigid member 5 through the signal input by the position sensor 7. Specifically, in this embodiment, the signal output end of the controller is connected to the electromagnetic reversing valve 6, which is used to control the power supply of the electromagnetic valve, and then control the valve core of the electromagnetic valve to achieve reversal.

[0034] When the Yb of the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 is energized, the electromagnetic reversing valve 6 works in the lower position, and the pressure oil flows from the P port to the A port, enters the rodless chamber of the first telescopic oil cylinder 52 and the second telescopic oil cylinder 54, and pushes the piston to move between the frame 1 and the axle 2. The rigid pad at the end of the piston rod moves to between the frame 1 and the axle 2. At this time, the frame 1 and the axle 2 are in a rigid state, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber flows from the A port to the T port and returns to the oil tank. The position sensor 7 detects the position information of the rigid pad and transmits it to the controller. The operating vehicle determines that the vehicle is in a rigid state based on the information displayed by the sensor. When it is necessary to switch to the elastic state, the controller outputs a control signal to the electromagnetic reversing valve 6.

[0035] The Ya of the control solenoid reversing valve 6 is energized, and the solenoid reversing valve 6 works in the upper position. The pressure oil flows from the P port to the B port, enters the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, and pushes the piston rod to move away from the frame 1 until the rigid pad moves out of the frame 1. At this time, the frame 1 and the axle 2 can swing, and the elastic buffer 3 absorbs the impact to achieve shock reduction.

[0036] In this embodiment, the height of the rigid pad is close to the gap size between the frame 1 and the axle 2, and is slightly smaller than the gap by 2-4mm (for example, the gap size is 40mm, and the rigid pad height is 38mm). In this embodiment, the suspension device is arranged between the rear axle and the frame 1, and the front axle and the frame 1 are fixedly connected. Through the connection between the front axle and the frame 1 and the hinge point between the frame 1, the rear axle and the frame 1, it can be ensured that the rigid pad is smoothly inserted between the frame 1 and the axle 2 in a stable state. In order to facilitate the insertion of the rigid pad, a guide block can be arranged on the side of the rigid pad facing the gap between the frame 1 and the axle 2, and the height of the guide block increases from small to large from the end facing the frame 1 and the axle 2 to the rigid pad.

[0037] The present application also provides an engineering vehicle, comprising a frame 1 and an axle 2, wherein the above-mentioned suspension device is arranged between the frame 1 and the axle 2.

[0038] The vehicle axle 2 includes a front axle and a rear axle. The suspension device is arranged between the rear axle and the vehicle frame 1, and the front axle is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame 1.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0040] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A suspension device, characterized in that: It is arranged between the frame and the axle, the frame and the axle are hinged, and includes an elastic buffer and a telescopic rigid member. The elastic buffer is arranged between the frame and the axle, the telescopic rigid member is inserted between the frame and the axle and supports the frame when extended, and the telescopic rigid member is moved out from between the frame and the axle when retracted.

2. The suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic rigid members are provided in two groups, and the two groups of telescopic rigid members are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hinge point between the vehicle frame and the vehicle axle.

3. The suspension device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic rigid member includes a rigid pad and a driving member, wherein the driving member is used to drive the rigid pad to extend and retract. When the rigid pad is extended, it is inserted between the frame and the axle and supports the frame. When the rigid pad is retracted, it is removed from between the frame and the axle.

4. The suspension device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving member comprises a telescopic oil cylinder, and the telescopic oil cylinder is used to drive the extension and retraction of the rigid pad.

5. The suspension device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two groups of telescopic rigid parts respectively include a first rigid pad and a first telescopic cylinder connected to the first rigid pad, and a second rigid pad and a second telescopic cylinder connected to the second rigid pad. The first telescopic cylinder and the second telescopic cylinder are synchronously controlled by a hydraulic system.

6. The suspension device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic system includes a reversing valve, the oil inlet of the reversing valve is connected to the oil circuit end of the hydraulic pump, and the oil return port of the reversing valve is connected to the oil storage tank; the reversing valve also includes port A and port B, port A is connected to the rodless chamber of the first telescopic oil cylinder and the rodless chamber of the second telescopic oil cylinder, and port B is connected to the rod chamber of the first telescopic oil cylinder and the rod chamber of the second telescopic oil cylinder; when the reversing valve is in a first state, the oil inlet is connected to port B, and the oil return port is connected to port A; when the reversing valve is in a second state, the oil inlet is connected to port A, and the oil return port is connected to port B.

7. The suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, a position sensor is arranged on the frame, the position sensor is used to detect the position of the telescopic rigid member, the position sensor is connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the controller controls the telescopic rigid member through the signal input by the position sensor.

8. The suspension device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting seat is arranged in the middle of the frame, a second connecting seat is arranged in the middle of the axle, and the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat are hingedly connected via a pin shaft.

9. An engineering vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a frame and an axle, wherein the suspension device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is arranged between the frame and the axle.

10. The engineering vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vehicle axle comprises a front axle and a rear axle, the suspension device is arranged between the rear axle and the vehicle frame, and the front axle is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame.

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