Novel waterproof thermal-insulation cement mortar and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses novel waterproof thermal-insulation cement mortar and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of mortar building materials, the novel waterproof thermal-insulation cement mortar comprises the following raw materials: composite cement, fly ash, modified vitrified micro beads, mineral micro powder, polypropylene microfibers, redispersible latex powder, a polycarboxylic acid efficient powder water reducer and water; the modified glass beads are prepared by the following steps: a, adding glass beads into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and dropwise adding hydrogen peroxide to obtain pretreated glass beads; b, adding the pretreated glass beads into deionized water, and adding tetrafluoro emulsion to obtain a mixed solution A; c, adding tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane into the mixed solution A to obtain a mixed solution B; d, in an inert atmosphere, drying, calcining and cooling the mixed solution to obtain modified vitrified microbeads; the problems that in the prior art, a modified vitrified microbead modification layer is not coated uniformly, and the performance of the modified vitrified microbead is affected are solved, and the waterproof, heat preservation and mechanical properties of the mortar are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mortar building materials, and in particular to a novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar is a building material made of cement, fine aggregate, polymer powder, waterproofing agent, thermal insulation materials and other ingredients through scientific proportioning and fine processing. It not only has the strength and adhesion of ordinary cement mortar, but also has excellent waterproof and thermal insulation properties by adding waterproofing agent and thermal insulation materials.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent with application number CN202311352245.6, a new waterproof thermal insulation mortar and its preparation method, the application relates to the field of mortar building materials technology, and specifically discloses a new waterproof thermal insulation mortar and its preparation method, the new waterproof thermal insulation mortar includes raw materials: composite cement, fly ash, modified vitrified microspheres, mineral micropowder, polypropylene microfibers, redispersible latex powder, polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer and water; its preparation method is: redispersible latex powder, part of composite cement and part of water are mixed evenly, and then modified vitrified microspheres and mineral micropowder are added to mix evenly and then aged to obtain premix A; the remaining composite cement and the remaining water are added with fly ash, polypropylene microfibers and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer, and then aged to obtain premix B; premix A and premix B are mixed evenly to obtain; the use of modified vitrified microspheres in the application can reduce the density, thermal conductivity and water absorption of the mortar, reduce the dead weight of the mortar, and improve the thermal insulation and waterproofing effects of the mortar.

[0004] When the glass microspheres are modified in the above scheme, when tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane are introduced together, this co-introduction method will lead to the problem of uneven coating, that is, the coating content of tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane on the glass microspheres is greatly different, which in turn affects the performance of the modified glass microspheres, thereby affecting the overall performance of the cement mortar. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a new type of waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar and a preparation method thereof, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the modified layer of the modified vitrified microspheres is unevenly coated, affecting the performance of the modified vitrified microspheres, and improving the waterproof, thermal insulation and mechanical properties of the mortar. Since the performance of the modified vitrified microspheres is more stable, the construction performance will also be improved when preparing the waterproof and thermal insulation mortar.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450-600 parts of composite cement, 180-220 parts of fly ash, 90-100 parts of modified vitrified microspheres, 18-30 parts of mineral micropowder, 5-8 parts of polypropylene microfibers, 10-15 parts of redispersible latex powder, 10-15 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer, and 400-500 parts of water; Among them, the modified vitrified microspheres are prepared by the following method: a. Prepare polyvinyl alcohol solution, add vitrified microspheres into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, disperse uniformly by ultrasonication, dropwise add hydrogen peroxide solution to continue dispersing and mixing, filter, and dry to obtain pretreated vitrified microspheres; b. After the pre-treated vitrified microspheres are uniformly dispersed by ultrasonication in deionized water, the tetrafluoro emulsion is added and stirred to mix uniformly to obtain a mixed solution A; c. Add tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane to the mixed solution A, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B; d. In an inert atmosphere, dry the mixed solution, calcine it, and cool it to room temperature to obtain modified vitrified microspheres.

[0007] Furthermore, the particle size of the vitrified microbeads is 30-50 meshes; the mass ratio of the pretreated vitrified microbeads, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1:5-6:0.75-0.85:0.1-0.2.

[0008] Furthermore, the vitrified microspheres also include different particle sizes.

[0009] Furthermore, the different particle sizes are medium vitrified microbeads with a particle size of 30-50 mesh, fine vitrified microbeads with a particle size of 50-70 mesh, and coarse vitrified microbeads with a particle size of 20-30 mesh.

[0010] Furthermore, the usage ratio of medium vitrified microspheres is 50%-60% of the total amount, the usage ratio of fine vitrified microspheres is 20%-30% of the total amount, and the usage ratio of coarse vitrified microspheres is 10%-20% of the total amount.

[0011] Furthermore, when glass microspheres of different particle sizes are modified, the dosage ratio of each substance is different.

[0012] Furthermore, when the glass microspheres of different particle sizes are modified, the specific usage ratio of each substance is as follows: the mass ratio of medium glass microspheres: pretreated glass microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1:5-6:0.75-0.85:0.1-0.2; Fine vitrified microspheres: The mass ratio of pretreated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1:5.5-6.5:0.85-0.95:0.12-0.15; Coarse vitrified microspheres: The mass ratio of pretreated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1:4.5-5.5:0.65-0.75:0.08-0.1.

[0013] A method for preparing a novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Weigh the raw materials of composite cement, fly ash, modified vitrified microspheres, mineral micropowder, polypropylene microfiber, redispersible latex powder, polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer and water by weight for later use; S2, mixing redispersible latex powder, 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of composite cement and 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of water, adding modified vitrified microspheres and mineral micropowder, mixing evenly and aging to obtain premix A; S3, the remaining composite cement, the remaining water, fly ash, polypropylene microfiber, and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer are mixed evenly and aged to obtain premix B; S4. Mix premix A and premix B evenly to obtain the required new waterproof thermal insulation mortar.

[0014] Furthermore, modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes are added in steps when preparing the new waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar.

[0015] Furthermore, the stepwise addition is specifically as follows: S1: weigh raw materials, composite cement, fly ash, modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes, mineral micropowder, polypropylene microfiber, redispersible latex powder, polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer and water by weight for later use; S2: redispersible latex powder, 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of composite cement and 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of water are mixed evenly, and then fine-grained modified vitrified microspheres and 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of mineral micropowder are added, mixed evenly and aged to obtain premix A1; on the basis of premix A1, medium-grained modified vitrified microspheres and the remaining mineral micropowder are added, mixed evenly and aged to obtain premix A2; S3: The remaining composite cement, the remaining water, fly ash, polypropylene microfibers, and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer are mixed evenly, and then coarse-grained modified vitrified microspheres are added, mixed evenly, and aged to obtain premix B; S4: Premix A2 and premix B are mixed evenly to obtain the required new waterproof thermal insulation mortar.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: First, by adding tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane separately, the glass microspheres are encapsulated in steps. The step-by-step encapsulation method can avoid mutual interference or competitive adsorption between the two polymers during the mixing process, that is, avoid a large difference in the content of tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane encapsulation on the glass microspheres, thereby ensuring that each polymer can be more evenly covered on the surface of the glass microspheres; the step-by-step introduction can ensure that each polymer forms an independent and uniform layer on the surface of the glass microspheres, thereby avoiding mutual interference, affecting the uniformity of the coating layer, and improving the coating effect; Second, by introducing vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes, a multi-scale microstructure can be formed in the mortar, thereby optimizing the pore distribution of the mortar and improving the density and uniformity of the mortar; vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes play different filling roles in the mortar, and vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes play different roles in the mortar. The medium vitrified microspheres, as the main body, provide the main waterproof, thermal insulation and mechanical properties, and maintain the overall performance of the mortar stable; the fine vitrified microspheres fill the tiny gaps in the mortar to improve the density of the waterproof layer; the coarse vitrified microspheres form the skeleton of the mortar, enhancing the thermal insulation and mechanical properties; in the mortar, if all the vitrified microspheres have the same particle size, then stress concentration is likely to occur when subjected to force, causing the mortar to crack, while the introduction of vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes can disperse stress, reduce stress concentration, and thus improve the durability and crack resistance of the mortar; Third, vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes have different specific surface areas, pore structures and mechanical strengths, so there are differences in the performance effects on waterproof and thermal insulation mortars. By adjusting the dosage ratio of each substance in the modification process, the surface properties and structures of vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes can be optimized in a targeted manner, so that they can better meet the comprehensive requirements of waterproof and thermal insulation mortars for pore distribution, waterproof performance, thermal insulation performance, mechanical properties and construction performance. Coarse vitrified microspheres mainly form the skeleton of the mortar, providing strength and thermal insulation performance; medium vitrified microspheres are the main body, balancing waterproofing, thermal insulation and mechanical properties. Performance; fine vitrified microspheres fill tiny gaps to improve density and waterproofness; the dosage ratio of pre-treated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane directly affects the surface properties and performance of modified vitrified microspheres. The content of tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane as coating materials directly affects the surface hydrophobicity and other properties of vitrified microspheres; by adjusting the dosage ratio of coating materials, the surface properties, hydrophobicity, weather resistance and mechanical strength of vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes can be accurately controlled, thereby achieving controllable regulation of performance; Fourthly, modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes are added in steps to disperse them evenly in the mortar, avoiding the sedimentation and aggregation of large-particle vitrified microspheres, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of the mortar; in the process of preparing the mortar, modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes are added in steps, so that vitrified microspheres of various particle sizes can form a more reasonable distribution state in the mortar. Fine-grained vitrified microspheres are added first to fill the tiny gaps in the mortar, providing a better attachment basis for the subsequent medium-grained and coarse-grained vitrified microspheres; the addition of medium-grained vitrified microspheres can further improve the thermal insulation properties of the mortar; finally, the coarse-grained vitrified microspheres are added to enhance the skeleton support effect of the mortar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs; the terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0018] Embodiment 1: A novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450-600 parts of composite cement, 180-220 parts of fly ash, 90-100 parts of modified vitrified microspheres, 18-30 parts of mineral micropowder, 5-8 parts of polypropylene microfibers, 10-15 parts of redispersible latex powder, 10-15 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer, and 400-500 parts of water; Among them, the modified vitrified microspheres are prepared by the following method: a. Prepare polyvinyl alcohol solution, add vitrified microspheres into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, disperse uniformly by ultrasonication, dropwise add hydrogen peroxide solution to continue dispersing and mixing, filter, and dry to obtain pretreated vitrified microspheres; Among them, the particle size of the vitrified microspheres is 30-50 mesh; the mass ratio of the vitrified microspheres, polyvinyl alcohol solution, and hydrogen peroxide solution is 1:4-4.5:0.2-0.3; the ultrasonic dispersion temperature is 60-65°C, the ultrasonic dispersion power is 80-85W; the mass content of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 18%-23%; the dripping rate is 16-20mL / h; the drying temperature is 70-80°C, and the drying time is 30-40min; b. After the pre-treated vitrified microspheres are uniformly dispersed by ultrasonication in deionized water, the tetrafluoro emulsion is added and stirred to mix uniformly to obtain a mixed solution A; The ultrasonic dispersion temperature is 60-65°C, the ultrasonic dispersion power is 80-85W, the stirring speed is 450-600r / min, and the stirring time is 0.5-1.5h. c. Add tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane to the mixed solution A, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B; The mass ratio of pretreated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1:5-6:0.75-0.85:0.1-0.2, the stirring speed is 450-600r / min, and the stirring time is 0.5-1.5h; d. In an inert atmosphere, the mixed solution is dried, calcined, and cooled to room temperature to obtain modified vitrified microspheres; The drying temperature is 105-125°C, the drying time is 35-45min; the calcination temperature is 360-400°C, the calcination time is 3.5-4h; the cooling rate is 18-22°C / min; The preparation method of the novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar comprises the following specific steps: S1. Weigh the raw materials of composite cement, fly ash, modified vitrified microspheres, mineral micropowder, polypropylene microfiber, redispersible latex powder, polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer and water by weight for later use; S2, mixing redispersible latex powder, 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of composite cement and 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of water, adding modified vitrified microspheres and mineral micropowder, mixing evenly and aging to obtain premix A; S3, the remaining composite cement, the remaining water, fly ash, polypropylene microfiber, and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer are mixed evenly and aged to obtain premix B; S4. Mix premix A and premix B evenly to obtain the required new waterproof thermal insulation mortar.

[0019] The mixing speed in S2 and S3 is 100-500 r / min; the aging in step S2 specifically refers to: aging at room temperature for 0.5-1 h; the aging in step S3 specifically refers to: aging at room temperature for 10-20 min.

[0020] Experiments were conducted for this embodiment: A new waterproof thermal insulation mortar, including the following raw materials: 530Kg of composite cement, 200Kg of fly ash, 90Kg of modified vitrified microspheres, 25Kg of mineral micropowder, 6.5Kg of polypropylene microfiber, 12Kg of redispersible latex powder, 13Kg of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer, and 450Kg of water; The modified vitrified microspheres are prepared by the following method: a. According to the material-liquid ratio of 1:8, polyvinyl alcohol was added to cold water at 12°C, and the temperature was raised to 90°C while stirring. After stirring until completely dissolved, the polyvinyl alcohol solution was obtained by air cooling; the mass ratio of vitrified microspheres, polyvinyl alcohol solution, and hydrogen peroxide solution was controlled to be 1:4:0.3, and the vitrified microspheres were added to the polyvinyl alcohol solution. The ultrasonic dispersion temperature was controlled to be 60°C, the ultrasonic dispersion power was controlled to be 80W, and the ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 25 minutes until the dispersion was uniform. The drop rate was controlled to be 18mL / h, and a hydrogen peroxide solution with a mass content of 20% was added dropwise and continued to disperse and mix for 30 minutes, filtered, and dried at a temperature of 75°C for 35 minutes to obtain pretreated vitrified microspheres; b. Control the mass ratio of pretreated glass microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane to be 1:5:0.81:0.1, control the ultrasonic dispersion temperature to be 60°C, and the ultrasonic dispersion power to be 80W. Add deionized water to the pretreated glass microspheres and ultrasonically disperse them for 25 minutes until they are evenly dispersed. Then, add tetrafluoro emulsion and stir at a stirring speed of 500 r / min for 1 hour to mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution A. c. Add tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane to the mixed solution A, and stir at a stirring speed of 500 r / min for 1 h to mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B; d. In an argon atmosphere, the mixed solution was dried at 110°C for 35 minutes, and then calcined at 380°C for 3.5 hours. After the calcination, the cooling rate was controlled to 20°C / min and cooled to room temperature to obtain modified vitrified microspheres.

[0021] The mineral micro powder includes diatomaceous earth and talc in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0022] A method for preparing a novel waterproof thermal insulation mortar comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Weigh the raw materials of composite cement, fly ash, modified vitrified microspheres, mineral micropowder, polypropylene microfiber, redispersible latex powder, polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer and water according to the required weight for use; S2, controlling the mixing speed to 300r / min, mixing the redispersible latex powder, 1 / 2 weight of the composite cement and 1 / 2 weight of water for 10min until the mixture is uniform, then adding the modified vitrified microspheres and the mineral micropowder and continuing to mix for 10min until the mixture is uniform, and aging at room temperature for 0.8h to obtain premix A; S3, control the mixing speed to 300r / min, add fly ash, polypropylene microfiber, and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer to the remaining composite cement and remaining water for 10min until the mixture is uniform, and age at room temperature for 15min to obtain premix B; S4. Control the mixing speed to 300 r / min, mix premix A and premix B for 10 minutes until they are evenly mixed, and obtain the required new waterproof thermal insulation mortar.

[0023] The comparative example adopts Chinese patent application number CN202311352245.6, which is different from the present embodiment in that the tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane are introduced together, and the process is not carried out in a step-by-step manner.

[0024] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: By adding tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane separately, the glass microspheres are encapsulated in steps. The step-by-step encapsulation method can avoid mutual interference or competitive adsorption of the two polymers during the mixing process, that is, avoid a large difference in the content of tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane encapsulation on the glass microspheres, thereby ensuring that each polymer can be more evenly covered on the surface of the glass microspheres; the step-by-step introduction can ensure that each polymer forms an independent and uniform layer on the surface of the glass microspheres, thereby avoiding mutual interference, affecting the uniformity of the coating layer, and improving the coating effect; First, the tetrafluoro emulsion is allowed to fully react with the pre-treated glass microspheres to form a uniform hydrophobic tetrafluoro emulsion layer. The tetrafluoro emulsion layer can not only provide excellent hydrophobic properties, but also serve as the attachment basis for the subsequent tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane layer. Subsequently, tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane is added to react with the already formed tetrafluoro emulsion layer to form another layer of silicon compound with specific functions. This step-by-step addition method can better control the formation process of each layer, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven coating. The step-by-step addition method can ensure that the tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane form a uniform coating layer on the surface of the glass microspheres, avoiding performance differences caused by uneven coating; the tetrafluoro emulsion layer as the first layer can provide excellent hydrophobic properties, effectively preventing moisture from penetrating into the interior of the glass microspheres, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the modified glass microspheres; the tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane layer as the second layer can further enhance the surface properties of the glass microspheres, such as heat resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and mechanical properties; the two modified layers play their own roles and can work together to improve the overall performance of the modified glass microspheres; As an important component of waterproof and thermal insulation mortar, the improved performance of modified vitrified microspheres will directly drive the improvement of the performance of the entire mortar. The step-by-step addition method can ensure that the modified vitrified microspheres have excellent hydrophobicity and surface properties, thereby improving the waterproof, thermal insulation and mechanical properties of the mortar. Since the performance of modified vitrified microspheres is more stable, its construction performance will also be improved when preparing waterproof and thermal insulation mortar.

[0025] Example 2: The above-mentioned Example 1 avoids the problem of uneven coating of modified glass microspheres by adding tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane in steps, improves the hydrophobic properties of the glass microspheres, and enhances the surface properties, thereby improving the waterproof, thermal insulation and mechanical properties of the waterproof and thermal insulation mortar. In order to further improve the overall performance of the waterproof and thermal insulation mortar, further improvements are made on the basis of Example 1.

[0026] The vitrified microspheres include different particle sizes, namely medium vitrified microspheres with a particle size of 30-50 mesh, fine vitrified microspheres with a particle size of 50-70 mesh, and coarse vitrified microspheres with a particle size of 20-30 mesh; among them, the usage ratio of medium vitrified microspheres is 50%-60% of the total amount, the usage ratio of fine vitrified microspheres is 20%-30% of the total amount, and the usage ratio of coarse vitrified microspheres is 10%-20% of the total amount.

[0027] The present embodiment is experimented on the basis of the first embodiment. The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the usage ratio of the medium vitrified microspheres is 60% of the total amount, the usage ratio of the fine vitrified microspheres is 25% of the total amount, and the usage ratio of the coarse vitrified microspheres is 15% of the total amount.

[0028] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: By introducing vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes, a multi-scale microstructure can be formed in the mortar, thereby optimizing the pore distribution of the mortar and improving the density and uniformity of the mortar; vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes play different filling roles in the mortar. The medium vitrified microspheres, as the main body, provide the main waterproof, thermal insulation and mechanical properties, and maintain the overall performance of the mortar stable; the fine vitrified microspheres fill the tiny gaps in the mortar to improve the density of the waterproof layer; the coarse vitrified microspheres form the skeleton of the mortar, enhancing the thermal insulation and mechanical properties; in the mortar, if all the vitrified microspheres have the same particle size, then stress concentration is likely to occur when subjected to force, causing the mortar to crack, while the introduction of vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes can disperse stress, reduce stress concentration, and thus improve the durability and crack resistance of the mortar; The addition of fine vitrified microspheres fills the tiny gaps in the mortar, making the waterproof layer denser and effectively preventing water penetration; the synergistic effect of multi-size vitrified microspheres enhances the overall waterproof performance of the mortar, allowing the waterproof thermal insulation mortar to maintain stable performance even in a humid environment; The coarse vitrified microspheres form the mortar skeleton, which improves the thermal insulation performance of the mortar. Since the coarse vitrified microspheres have a larger particle size and porosity, they can more effectively block the transfer of heat. The reasonable combination of vitrified microspheres with different particle sizes has comprehensively improved the thermal insulation performance of the mortar, meeting the thermal insulation needs in different regions and climatic conditions. The skeleton effect of coarse vitrified microspheres enhances the mechanical properties of the mortar; when subjected to external forces, the coarse vitrified microspheres can disperse and bear part of the stress, thereby improving the crack resistance and durability of the mortar; the synergistic effect of multi-size vitrified microspheres enhances the overall mechanical properties of the mortar, meeting the high requirements for the mechanical properties of mortar in construction projects. The introduction of vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes and the reasonable control of their usage ratio can improve the fluidity and workability of the mortar, thereby improving the construction performance.

[0029] Example 3: The above-mentioned Example 2 improves the pore distribution, waterproof performance, thermal insulation performance, mechanical properties and construction performance of the waterproof and thermal insulation mortar by introducing vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes and utilizing their usage ratio. In order to further improve the overall performance of the waterproof and thermal insulation mortar, further improvements are made on the basis of Example 2.

[0030] When preparing modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes, the dosage ratio of each substance is different, specifically: When the medium-sized vitrified microspheres are modified, the mass ratio of the pre-treated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane is 1:5-6:0.75-0.85:0.1-0.2; When the fine vitrified microspheres are modified, the mass ratio of the pretreated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane is 1:5.5-6.5:0.85-0.95:0.12-0.15; When the coarse vitrified microspheres are modified, the mass ratio of the pretreated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1:4.5-5.5:0.65-0.75:0.08-0.1.

[0031] For this embodiment, an experiment was conducted on the basis of Example 2. The difference between the experiment of this embodiment and Example 2 is that when the fine vitrified microspheres are modified, the mass ratio of the pretreated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane is 1:6:0.9:0.12; when the coarse vitrified microspheres are modified, the mass ratio of the pretreated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane is 1:4:0.7:0.9.

[0032] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: Vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes have different specific surface areas, pore structures and mechanical strengths, so there are differences in their effects on the performance of waterproof and thermal insulation mortars. By adjusting the dosage ratio of each substance in the modification process, the surface properties and structures of vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes can be optimized in a targeted manner, so that they can better meet the comprehensive requirements of waterproof and thermal insulation mortars for pore distribution, waterproof performance, thermal insulation performance, mechanical properties and construction performance. Coarse vitrified microspheres mainly form the skeleton of the mortar, providing strength and thermal insulation performance; medium vitrified microspheres are the main body, balancing waterproof, thermal insulation and mechanical properties. The fine vitrified microspheres fill the tiny gaps to improve the density and waterproofness. The dosage ratio of the pre-treated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane directly affects the surface properties and performance of the modified vitrified microspheres. The content of tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane as coating materials directly affects the surface hydrophobicity and other properties of the vitrified microspheres. By adjusting the dosage ratio of the coating materials, the surface properties, hydrophobicity, weather resistance and mechanical strength of vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes can be accurately controlled, thereby achieving controllable regulation of performance. Through differentiated modification, vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes can form a more reasonable pore distribution in the mortar, thereby improving the air permeability and thermal insulation performance of the mortar; targeted coating design can enhance the hydrophobicity of the surface of vitrified microspheres, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the mortar and reducing water penetration and loss; differentiated modification of vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes can make them better dispersed in the mortar, forming a more uniform stress distribution, thereby improving the mechanical properties and durability of the mortar; by adjusting the surface properties and structure of vitrified microspheres, the fluidity and adhesion of the mortar can be improved, and the construction efficiency and quality can be improved; through differentiated modification technology, vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes can play their respective advantages in waterproof and thermal insulation mortar, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of the mortar; By adjusting the dosage ratio of each substance in the modification of vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes, the pore structure of the mortar can be optimized and the pore distribution can be more uniform. The modification of fine vitrified microspheres pays more attention to waterproof performance, which can effectively fill tiny gaps and improve the density and waterproofness of the mortar. When modifying the fine glass microspheres, the dosage ratio of tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane was increased to enhance their hydrophobic properties and form a denser waterproof layer. The waterproof properties of the coarse and medium glass microspheres were significantly improved under the combined action of the fine glass microspheres. The coarse glass microspheres were optimized for thermal insulation effects, enhanced mechanical properties, and improved crack resistance and durability by adjusting the dosage ratio of the materials. By differentially modifying glass microspheres of different particle sizes and optimizing their usage ratio, their respective advantages can be combined to improve the overall comprehensive performance of the mortar. This not only improves the waterproof, thermal insulation and mechanical properties of the waterproof and thermal insulation mortar, but also improves its construction performance, making the mortar more adaptable to diverse engineering needs.

[0033] Embodiment 4: The above-mentioned embodiment 3 introduces vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes, differentially modifies the vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes, optimizes their usage ratio, and combines their respective advantages to improve the overall performance of the mortar. In order to further improve the overall performance of the waterproof and thermal insulation mortar, further improvements are made on the basis of embodiment 3.

[0034] The modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes are added in steps when preparing the new waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar, specifically: S1: weigh raw materials, composite cement, fly ash, modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes, mineral micropowder, polypropylene microfiber, redispersible latex powder, polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer and water by weight for later use; S2: redispersible latex powder, 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of composite cement and 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of water are mixed evenly, and then fine-grained modified vitrified microspheres and 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of mineral micropowder are added, mixed evenly and aged to obtain premix A1; on the basis of premix A1, medium-grained modified vitrified microspheres and the remaining mineral micropowder are added, mixed evenly and aged to obtain premix A2; S3: The remaining composite cement, the remaining water, fly ash, polypropylene microfibers, and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer are mixed evenly, and then coarse-grained modified vitrified microspheres are added, mixed evenly, and aged to obtain premix B; S4: Premix A2 and premix B are mixed evenly to obtain the required new waterproof thermal insulation mortar.

[0035] This embodiment is experimented on the basis of the third embodiment. The difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that the modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes in this embodiment are added in steps according to the above process when preparing the new waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar.

[0036] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: Modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes are added in steps to make them evenly dispersed in the mortar, avoiding the sedimentation and aggregation of large-particle vitrified microspheres, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of the mortar; in the process of preparing the mortar, modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes are added in steps to make the vitrified microspheres of each particle size form a more reasonable distribution state in the mortar. Fine-grained vitrified microspheres are added first to fill the tiny gaps in the mortar, providing a better attachment basis for the subsequent medium-grained and coarse-grained vitrified microspheres; the addition of medium-grained vitrified microspheres can further improve the thermal insulation performance of the mortar; finally, the coarse-grained vitrified microspheres are added to enhance the skeleton support of the mortar; By adding modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes in steps, the pore distribution of the mortar can be optimized, the thermal conductivity can be reduced, and the thermal insulation performance can be improved. At the same time, vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes form a more reasonable distribution state in the mortar, enhance the mechanical properties and construction performance of the mortar, and improve the crack resistance, impermeability and durability. Adding modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes in steps can make the mortar more evenly mixed and avoid agglomeration, thereby improving construction efficiency; in addition, the reasonable distribution of vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes in the mortar can also help improve the fluidity and plasticity of the mortar, making it easier to construct.

[0037] Performance Testing According to the test standard, the waterproof thermal insulation mortars prepared in Examples 1 to 4 of the present application and the comparative example were poured into the test mold to prepare the test samples, covered with plastic film, and cured for three days with the mold at a temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 55%, and then removed from the mold and continued to be cured for 28 days. After the curing was completed, the performance of the samples was tested respectively; According to the national standard GB / T 20473-2021 "Building Thermal Insulation Mortar", the compressive strength and softening coefficient of the specimens were tested. The specimen specifications were 70.7mmx70.7mmx70.7mm; According to the national standard GB / T 10294-2008 "Determination of Steady-State Thermal Resistance and Related Properties of Insulating Materials - Guarded Hot Plate Method", the thermal conductivity of the sample was tested using a TPMBE-3030 flat plate thermal conductivity meter. The specimen size was 300mmx300mmx30mm. The test results are shown in the following table: Test items Compressive strength (MPa) Softening coefficient Thermal conductivity (W / (m·K)) Comparative Example 34.2 0.96 0.034 Embodiment 1 35.7 0.97 0.031 Embodiment 2 36.5 0.973 0.029 Embodiment 3 37.1 0.98 0.027 Embodiment 4 37.4 0.987 0.025 The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450-600 parts of composite cement, 180-220 parts of fly ash, 90-100 parts of modified vitrified microspheres, 18-30 parts of mineral micropowder, 5-8 parts of polypropylene microfibers, 10-15 parts of redispersible latex powder, 10-15 parts of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducing agent, and 400-500 parts of water; Among them, the modified vitrified microspheres are prepared by the following method: a. Prepare polyvinyl alcohol solution, add vitrified microspheres into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, disperse uniformly by ultrasonication, dropwise add hydrogen peroxide solution to continue dispersing and mixing, filter, and dry to obtain pretreated vitrified microspheres; b. After the pre-treated vitrified microspheres are uniformly dispersed by ultrasonication in deionized water, the tetrafluoro emulsion is added and stirred to mix uniformly to obtain a mixed solution A; c. Add tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane to the mixed solution A, stir and mix evenly to obtain a mixed solution B; d. In an inert atmosphere, dry the mixed solution, calcine it, and cool it to room temperature to obtain modified vitrified microspheres.

2. The novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The particle size of the vitrified microbeads is 30-50 meshes; the mass ratio of the pretreated vitrified microbeads, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1:5-6:0.75-0.85:0.1-0.

2.

3. The novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vitrified microspheres also include different particle sizes.

4. The novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The different particle sizes are medium vitrified micro beads with a particle size of 30-50 mesh, fine vitrified micro beads with a particle size of 50-70 mesh, and coarse vitrified micro beads with a particle size of 20-30 mesh.

5. The novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar according to claim 4, characterized in that: The usage ratio of medium vitrified microspheres is 50%-60% of the total amount, the usage ratio of fine vitrified microspheres is 20%-30% of the total amount, and the usage ratio of coarse vitrified microspheres is 10%-20% of the total amount.

6. The novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar according to claim 3, characterized in that: When modifying glass microspheres of different particle sizes, the dosage ratio of each substance is different.

7. The novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar according to claim 6, characterized in that: When modifying glass microspheres of different particle sizes, the specific usage ratio of each substance is as follows: the mass ratio of medium glass microspheres: pre-treated glass microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1:5-6:0.75-0.85:0.1-0.2; Fine vitrified microspheres: The mass ratio of pretreated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1:5.5-6.5:0.85-0.95:0.12-0.15; Coarse vitrified microspheres: The mass ratio of pretreated vitrified microspheres, deionized water, tetrafluoro emulsion and tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1:4.5-5.5:0.65-0.75:0.08-0.

1.

8. A method for preparing the novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: S1. Weigh the raw materials of composite cement, fly ash, modified vitrified microspheres, mineral micropowder, polypropylene microfiber, redispersible latex powder, polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer and water by weight for later use; S2, mixing redispersible latex powder, 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of composite cement and 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of water, adding modified vitrified microspheres and mineral micropowder, mixing evenly and aging to obtain premix A; S3, the remaining composite cement, the remaining water, fly ash, polypropylene microfiber, and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer are mixed evenly and aged to obtain premix B; S4. Mix premix A and premix B evenly to obtain the required new waterproof thermal insulation mortar.

9. The method for preparing the novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar according to claim 8, characterized in that: Modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes are added in steps when preparing the new waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar.

10. The method for preparing the novel waterproof and thermal insulation cement mortar according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step-by-step addition is specifically as follows: S1: weigh raw materials, composite cement, fly ash, modified vitrified microspheres of different particle sizes, mineral micropowder, polypropylene microfiber, redispersible latex powder, polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer and water by weight for later use; S2: redispersible latex powder, 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of composite cement and 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of water are mixed evenly, and then fine-grained modified vitrified microspheres and 1 / 2-2 / 3 weight of mineral micropowder are added, mixed evenly and aged to obtain premix A1; on the basis of premix A1, medium-grained modified vitrified microspheres and the remaining mineral micropowder are added, mixed evenly and aged to obtain premix A2; S3: The remaining composite cement, the remaining water, fly ash, polypropylene microfibers, and polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency powder water reducer are mixed evenly, and then coarse-grained modified vitrified microspheres are added, mixed evenly, and aged to obtain premix B; S4: Premix A2 and premix B are mixed evenly to obtain the required new waterproof thermal insulation mortar.