Parallel construction method for deslagging operation and anchoring operation in tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses a parallel construction method for deslagging operation and anchoring operation in a tunnel, which is characterized in that a rack for supporting each functional part is arranged in the tunnel, and an access channel matched with the deslagging operation is arranged below the rack or at least one side of the rack; comprising the following steps that a deslagging mechanism conducts deslagging operation through an access channel; anchoring operation is carried out while deslagging operation is carried out; according to the scheme, the mode that deslagging and anchor rod construction are sequentially carried out in a traditional construction mode is broken through through parallel deslagging and anchor rod construction, the situation that equipment needs to enter and exit from a site frequently is avoided, time waste is reduced, the two working procedures are carried out at the same time, the construction period is greatly shortened, the overall progress of a project is improved, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel. Background Art

[0002] In traditional road construction, a specific process is followed, namely excavation, slag removal, measurement and marking, erection, anchor bolts, and grouting. Under this construction mode, slag removal and anchor bolt construction cannot be carried out in parallel, and there are many significant drawbacks, which seriously hinder the efficient advancement of engineering construction.

[0003] On the one hand, since each process is carried out in strict sequence, the work of measuring and marking, erecting frames, etc. can only be carried out after the slag is discharged, until the anchor construction is finally carried out. This sequential advancement method makes the entire construction process lack flexibility and efficiency. The waiting time in the middle not only greatly prolongs the total construction time, but also in large-scale projects, the cumulative effect of this time will lead to a significant delay in the construction period, bringing huge time costs to the project, and may also affect the schedule of subsequent projects and the overall advancement of related projects.

[0004] On the other hand, the inability to carry out slag discharge and anchor bolt operations in parallel leads to low utilization efficiency of construction equipment and personnel. In the traditional construction sequence, after the slag discharge equipment completes its task, it needs to wait for a period of time for the subsequent process to be put into use again, and the anchor bolt construction equipment can only start working after the slag discharge and other pre-processes are completed. Construction personnel can also only perform single work tasks at different stages, and it is impossible to achieve reasonable allocation and efficient utilization of human resources. This situation makes it difficult for the overall efficiency of the construction team to be fully utilized.

[0005] In addition, under the traditional construction sequence, slag discharge and anchor bolting cannot be carried out in parallel, which also increases the risk of construction quality. While waiting for the anchor bolting, the surrounding rock may collapse and deform due to lack of timely support. For example, after the excavation and slag discharge are completed, since anchor bolting cannot be carried out at the same time, the surrounding rock may become unstable while waiting for subsequent processes such as erection of frames and anchor bolts. This brings great difficulties to the subsequent construction and seriously affects the overall quality of the project.

[0006] These are existing defects that are easily caused by the separation of the construction methods of slag discharge and anchor support. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a parallel construction method for slag removal and anchoring in a tunnel to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings, thereby solving the problem that in the prior art, each process is strictly carried out in sequence, and the reasonable allocation and efficient utilization of human resources cannot be achieved.

[0008] At the same time, it solves the problem that the surrounding rock may collapse and deform due to lack of timely support while waiting for anchor construction.

[0009] The present invention is achieved through the following scheme:

[0010] A method for parallel construction of slag discharge and anchoring operations in a tunnel, wherein a stand for supporting various functional components is arranged in the tunnel, and an inlet and outlet passage cooperating with the slag discharge operation is arranged under or on at least one side of the stand; the method comprises the following steps:

[0011] The slag discharging mechanism performs slag discharging operation through the inlet and outlet channels; and performs anchoring operation simultaneously with the slag discharging operation.

[0012] The specific anchoring operation is to drive locking foot anchors into the assembled arch frame, and to drive system anchors into the arch frame in the specified area according to the specifications. At the same time, advance anchors are driven according to the comparison between the excavation depth and the projection of the previous advance anchor on the horizontal plane.

[0013] During the anchoring operation, drilling arch arms are arranged on both sides of the gantry, and anchor arms are arranged on the gantry; the locking foot anchor rock drilling operation and the system anchor rock drilling operation are carried out through the drilling arch arms on both sides; the advance anchor rock drilling operation is carried out through the anchor arms; at this time, the transport component transports the anchor to the predetermined position.

[0014] After the locking foot anchor rod rock drilling operation, the locking foot anchor rod is inserted into the drilled hole, and then the locking foot anchor rod is fixed to the primary support arch frame by the fixing parts; at the same time, the operator performs the left and right side system anchor rod rock drilling operations respectively through the drilling arch arm.

[0015] After the system anchor rock drilling operation and the advance anchor rock drilling operation are completed, the system anchor and the advance anchor are transported to the designated location through the transportation system, and the system anchor and the advance anchor are driven into the drilled holes.

[0016] During the slag discharge operation, the slag discharge mechanism is moved to the tunnel face by a loader, and the loader transports the slag generated by excavation to a place far away from the coverage of the stand through the access channel.

[0017] During the slag discharge operation, an arch erecting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the platform, and the arch erecting mechanism performs an arch erecting operation on the arch frame that has been transported to the platform; the slag discharge mechanism performs slag discharge operations from both sides of the platform.

[0018] During the slag discharge operation, the excavation operation is carried out on the heading face through the excavation mechanism arranged at the front end of the platform. At this time, the slag discharge mechanism is the auxiliary digging arm and the conveying system arranged at the front end of the platform; the transport vehicle moves to the end of the conveying system, and the auxiliary digging arm pushes the slag generated by the excavation to the front end of the conveying system. The conveying system automatically transports the slag to the transport vehicle, and moves it out of the tunnel through the transport vehicle.

[0019] The conveying system discharges slag from the bottom of the platform; or discharges slag from at least one side of the platform; or discharges slag from the bottom of the platform first, and then passes through the platform to discharge slag from at least one side of the platform.

[0020] The material conveying system is a transport channel fixed on both sides of the platform. A conveyor belt is arranged at the bottom of the transport channel. The conveyor belt is driven by the power unit at the bottom. Under the action of the power unit, the slag will be continuously transported from the front end of the transport channel to the rear end, so that the slag is lifted to a predetermined height. At this time, the transport vehicle is arranged at the rear end of the transport channel. The lifted slag continuously falls into the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle transports the slag away from the tunnel from both sides of the platform.

[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. This scheme breaks the traditional construction mode of carrying out slag discharge and anchor bolt construction in sequence by carrying out slag discharge and anchor bolt construction in parallel, avoids the situation where equipment needs to enter and exit the site frequently, reduces time waste, and carries out two processes simultaneously, which greatly shortens the construction period, improves the overall progress of the project, and improves construction efficiency.

[0023] 2. This scheme uses anchor construction to carry out slag discharge at the same time, which can support the surrounding rock in time, avoiding the risk of collapse and deformation of the surrounding rock due to lack of support during the slag discharge process, providing a stable construction environment for subsequent construction and ensuring construction quality.

[0024] 3. This plan can improve construction efficiency, shorten construction period, and reduce equipment and personnel rental costs. Shortening the construction period can also reduce project management costs and other indirect costs, thereby reducing construction costs; in addition, simultaneous slag discharge and anchor construction can reduce the number of deployments of construction equipment and personnel. It avoids the idleness and waiting of equipment and personnel between different processes, improves resource utilization efficiency, and reduces construction costs.

[0025] Reference numerals

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the trolley and its upper components in Example 2;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of parallel operation in Example 2;

[0028] Figure numerals: 1. trolley; 2. access channel; 3. drilling arch arm; 4. anchor arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0030] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any additional claims and abstract), unless otherwise stated, may be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features having similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a predetermined direction, be constructed and operated in a predetermined direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0035] A method for parallel construction of slag discharge and anchoring operations in a tunnel, wherein a stand 1 for supporting various functional components is arranged in the tunnel, and an inlet and outlet passage cooperating with the slag discharge operation is arranged under or on at least one side of the stand; the method comprises the following steps:

[0036] The slag discharging mechanism performs slag discharging operation through the inlet and outlet channels; and performs anchoring operation simultaneously with the slag discharging operation.

[0037] This solution can greatly save tunnel construction time by carrying out slag discharge operations and anchoring operations simultaneously, avoid the waste of construction time and construction process caused by repeated entry and exit of different work vehicles, and improve construction efficiency.

[0038] The anchoring operation specifically involves driving locking foot anchors on the assembled arch frame, and driving system anchors on the arch frame in the specified area according to the specifications. At the same time, driving advance anchors is carried out according to the comparison between the excavation depth and the projection of the previous advance anchor on the horizontal plane.

[0039] During the anchoring operation, drilling arch arms are arranged on both sides of the platform, and anchor rod arms are arranged on the platform; the locking foot anchor rod rock drilling operation and the system anchor rod rock drilling operation are carried out through the drilling arch arms on both sides; the advance anchor rod rock drilling operation is carried out through the anchor rod arms; at this time, the transport component transports the anchor rod to the predetermined position;

[0040] After the locking foot anchor rod rock drilling operation, the locking foot anchor rod is inserted into the drilled hole, and then the locking foot anchor rod is fixed to the primary support arch frame by the fixing parts; at the same time, the operator performs the left and right side system anchor rod rock drilling operations respectively through the drilling arch arm.

[0041] After the system anchor rock drilling operation and the advance anchor rock drilling operation are completed, the system anchor and the advance anchor are transported to the designated location through the transportation system, and the system anchor and the advance anchor are driven into the drilled holes.

[0042] When inserting locking foot anchors, system anchors and advance anchors into holes, anchoring agents can be filled in to increase the anchoring effect.

[0043] The anchoring operations in this scheme include locking foot anchor rods, system anchor rods and advance anchor rods. After the arch frame is installed, it is necessary to carry out locking foot anchor rods on the arch frame at the bottom of the upper construction surface, so as to achieve fixed installation of the bottom of the arch frame. During the advancement of the arch frame installation in the tunnel, system anchor rods need to be driven at a specified distance along the depth direction of the tunnel. The system anchor rods are driven into the positions of both sides of the tunnel with a predetermined length of anchor rods, and the system anchor rods are welded to the arch frame as a whole, which is used to increase the connection between the entire arch frame system and the rock. The fixing effect of the body improves the safety of the arch system. Therefore, the system anchor operation needs to be constructed according to the specified size. The advance anchor operation is to drive the advance anchor in the oblique upward direction of the heading face. It is used to support the area before the heading face during the excavation of the heading face by the excavation mechanism to avoid large-scale collapse. Therefore, the advance anchor operation needs to be carried out according to the overall advancement direction toward the heading face. When the end position of the previous advance anchor in the vertical direction is about to be reached, the next advance anchor needs to be driven in.

[0044] During the slag discharge operation, the slag discharge mechanism is moved to the tunnel face by a loader, and the loader transports the slag generated by the excavation to a place far away from the coverage of the stand through the access channel 2.

[0045] In this solution, the slag is transported from the bottom of the step or the passage on at least one side of the platform by a loading vehicle, and no additional mechanical coordination is required. The loading vehicle can shuttle and transport on its own, so that the slag removal operation can be carried out efficiently.

[0046] During the slag discharge operation, the excavation operation is carried out on the left and right sides of the heading face through the excavation mechanism set at the front end of the platform. At this time, the slag discharge mechanism is the auxiliary digging arm and the conveying system set at the front end of the platform; the transport vehicle moves to the end of the conveying system, and the auxiliary digging arm pushes the slag generated by the excavation to the front end of the conveying system. The conveying system automatically transports the slag to the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle moves it out of the tunnel.

[0047] This solution uses another slag discharge mechanism to realize automatic slag discharge operations on both sides of the trolley, so that it can adapt to different construction environments. Since there is no need to set an inlet and outlet channel 2 at the bottom of the trolley, the trolley can be set smaller.

[0048] In this solution, the conveying system discharges slag from the bottom of the frame; or discharges slag from at least one side of the frame; or first discharges slag from the bottom of the frame and then passes through the frame to discharge slag from at least one side of the frame.

[0049] Since slag is easily accumulated at the bottom of the tunnel face, the conveying system can quickly collect the slag at the bottom of the frame. At the same time, in order to avoid interference with the rear parts of the frame, the conveying system is set to a "Z"-shaped structure that first discharges slag from the frame, then passes through the side position of the frame, and finally discharges slag from the side of the frame. This enables more efficient slag discharge operations.

[0050] During arch frame transportation, the material conveying system can be a transport channel fixed on both sides of the platform. The entire transport channel is an ascending structure, that is, the front end of the transport channel is set close to the ground, and the rear end of the transport channel is set at a certain height from the ground. A conveyor belt is set at the bottom of the transport channel, and the conveyor belt is driven by a hydraulic motor at the bottom. Under the action of the hydraulic motor, the slag will be continuously transported from the front end of the transport channel to the rear end, so that the slag is lifted to a certain height. At this time, the transport vehicle is set at the rear end of the transport channel, and the lifted slag continuously falls into the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle transports the slag away from the tunnel from both sides of the platform.

[0051] The entire transport channel presents an ascending structure, that is, the front end of the transport channel is arranged close to the ground, and the rear end of the transport channel is arranged at a certain height from the ground.

[0052] This solution uses another slag discharge mechanism to realize automatic slag discharge operations on both sides of the trolley, so that it can adapt to different construction environments. Since there is no need to set an inlet and outlet channel 2 at the bottom of the trolley, the trolley can be set smaller.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel. In this method, a trolley 1 is arranged in the tunnel, drilling arch arms 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the trolley, and an anchor arm 4 is arranged on the top of the trolley.

[0055] After the arch frame installation is completed, the operator determines the anchor position according to the construction drawings, and starts to operate the arch drilling arm to perform the locking anchor rock drilling operation, and at the same time operates the anchor arm to perform the advance anchor rock drilling operation. At this time, the transport vehicle will take over the required anchor and transport it to the upper construction site.

[0056] After completing the rock drilling operation of the locking foot anchor rod, the locking foot anchor rod is manually inserted into the ground, and then the locking foot anchor rod is welded and fixed to the primary support arch frame using L-shaped or U-shaped steel bars. At the same time, the operator continues to operate the arch drilling boom to perform rock drilling operations on the left and right system anchor rods.

[0057] When the drilling arch boom completes the system anchor rock drilling construction work and the anchor arm completes the advance anchor rock drilling construction work, the operator continues to operate the drilling arch boom to load the system anchor and advance anchor through the hanging basket, completes the aerial anchor transportation, and manually drives the system anchor and advance anchor into the corresponding boreholes.

[0058] While carrying out the above-mentioned anchor support steps, the construction workers can also operate the excavator to pile up the excavated soil under the platform, and the forklift can load and transport the soil through the channel under the platform to transport the piles of soil in the tunnel out.

[0059] After the anchor bolt process is completed, the operator operates the anchor bolt arm and arch arm frame to retract, completing the slag discharge and anchor bolt parallel construction.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: a frame for supporting various functional components is arranged in the tunnel, and an inlet and outlet passage for cooperating with the slag discharge operation is arranged under or on at least one side of the frame; The slag discharging mechanism performs slag discharging operation through the inlet and outlet channels; and performs anchoring operation simultaneously with the slag discharging operation.

2. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific anchoring operation is to drive locking foot anchors into the assembled arch frame, and to drive system anchors into the arch frame in the specified area according to the specifications. At the same time, advance anchors are driven according to the comparison between the excavation depth and the projection of the previous advance anchor on the horizontal plane.

3. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: During the anchoring operation, drilling arch arms are arranged on both sides of the gantry, and anchor arms are arranged on the gantry; the locking foot anchor rock drilling operation and the system anchor rock drilling operation are carried out through the drilling arch arms on both sides; the advance anchor rock drilling operation is carried out through the anchor arms; at this time, the transport component transports the anchor to the predetermined position.

4. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: After the locking foot anchor rod rock drilling operation, the locking foot anchor rod is inserted into the drilled hole, and then the locking foot anchor rod is fixed to the primary support arch frame by the fixing parts; at the same time, the operator performs the left and right side system anchor rod rock drilling operations respectively through the drilling arch arm.

5. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: After the system anchor rock drilling operation and the advance anchor rock drilling operation are completed, the system anchor and the advance anchor are transported to the designated location through the transportation system, and the system anchor and the advance anchor are driven into the drilled holes.

6. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: During the slag discharge operation, the slag discharge mechanism is moved to the tunnel face by a loader, and the loader transports the slag generated by excavation to a place far away from the coverage of the stand through the access channel.

7. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: During the slag discharge operation, an arch erecting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the platform, and the arch erecting mechanism performs an arch erecting operation on the arch frame that has been transported to the platform; the slag discharge mechanism performs slag discharge operations from both sides of the platform.

8. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: During the slag discharge operation, the excavation operation is carried out on the heading face through the excavation mechanism arranged at the front end of the platform. At this time, the slag discharge mechanism is the auxiliary digging arm and the conveying system arranged at the front end of the platform; the transport vehicle moves to the end of the conveying system, and the auxiliary digging arm pushes the slag generated by the excavation to the front end of the conveying system. The conveying system automatically transports the slag to the transport vehicle, and moves it out of the tunnel through the transport vehicle.

9. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The conveying system discharges slag from the bottom of the platform; or discharges slag from at least one side of the platform; or discharges slag from the bottom of the platform first, and then passes through the platform to discharge slag from at least one side of the platform.

10. A method for parallel construction of slag removal and anchoring operations in a tunnel as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The material conveying system is a transport channel fixed on both sides of the platform. A conveyor belt is arranged at the bottom of the transport channel. The conveyor belt is driven by the power unit at the bottom. Under the action of the power unit, the slag will be continuously transported from the front end of the transport channel to the rear end, so that the slag is lifted to a predetermined height. At this time, the transport vehicle is arranged at the rear end of the transport channel. The lifted slag continuously falls into the transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle transports the slag away from the tunnel from both sides of the platform.

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