Heading machine main drive sealing structure and heading machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of heading equipment, and particularly provides a heading machine main drive sealing structure and a heading machine. The sealing structure comprises a grease ring and a sealing runway, a sealing pressing ring is arranged on the grease ring, a plurality of sealing pieces which are axially distributed at intervals are arranged between the grease ring and the sealing runway, a sealing compensation section is arranged at the front end of the sealing runway, and the diameter of the rear side of any position, from front to back, of the sealing compensation section is not smaller than the diameter of the front side of the sealing compensation section. The sealing compensation section is provided with a sealing compensation face with the diameter continuously increasing, the front portion and at least the most front sealing piece are compensable sealing pieces matched with the sealing compensation face in a sealing mode, and the sealing structure further comprises a compensation driving device for driving the compensable sealing pieces to move backwards and displace. The heading machine comprises the sealing structure. In the process of driving the compensable sealing element to move, due to the fact that the compensable sealing element is abraded, the compensable sealing element can be further compressed and deformed in the moving process, actually, too large force is not needed, and use is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tunneling equipment, and in particular relates to a tunneling machine main drive sealing structure and a tunneling machine. Background Art

[0002] The main drive system of the tunnel boring machine is the direct power for the rotation of the cutterhead and is called the "heart" of the tunnel boring machine. It mainly includes the main bearing, reduction box, drive motor (or hydraulic motor), etc. The main drive sealing structure is equivalent to the protective film of the heart. During the construction of the tunnel boring machine, once the sealing structure fails and the slag particles enter the gearbox or the main bearing, it is easy to cause damage to the gear or main bearing and cause the tunnel boring machine to stop. Due to the large size and weight of the main drive system, it is difficult to dismantle and replace the machine after it is damaged in the tunnel, which will eventually bring huge risks and economic losses to the construction project.

[0003] Generally, the external sealing structure of the main drive usually adopts multiple lip seals arranged axially (front and back), and there is a sealing spacer ring between two adjacent lip seals. Specifically, from the radial direction, the sealing structure includes a sealing track, a lip seal, and a grease ring from the inside to the outside. The sealing track is connected to the rotatable part of the main bearing and rotates synchronously with it. The grease ring is connected to the fixed part of the main drive, and grease can be injected into the space between two adjacent lip seals through the grease ring. A sealing pressure ring is also installed at the front end of the grease ring to isolate large pieces of slag.

[0004] The practical results show that during the excavation process, the front lip seal is more susceptible to external dirt intrusion and failure, and after the front lip seal fails, the continued intrusion of dirt will accelerate the wear and failure of the rear lip seal, and the overall sealing life is less than expected. In addition to the wear of the lip seal, dirt can also easily cause wear of the sealing runway.

[0005] The invention patent application of the applicant with application publication number CN116045000A provides a main drive sealing device (structure), which includes a grease ring, a sealing track, a sealing pressure ring, and four seals arranged axially between the sealing track and the grease ring. The specific seal can be a lip seal. A sealing compensation structure is installed on the sealing track. The sealing compensation structure can move axially along the sealing track. Specifically, it can be a sliding sealing ring arranged between the second and third seals. In addition, the main drive sealing device is also equipped with a state monitoring structure that can detect the wear of the seal. When it is detected that the seal is seriously worn, the sliding sealing ring can be controlled to move forward to continue to compress the seal to maintain a better sealing state.

[0006] In the above technical solution, although the seal compensation structure can be set to adaptively compensate the wear of the seal to avoid failure of the front seal, in order to ensure the sealing effect, the seal compensation structure and the seal track should also be tightly matched, and the seal compensation structure should also have a long axial length to ensure that it can have a long close contact portion with the seal track. However, the seal compensation structure and the seal track are both rigid structures, and it takes a large force to push the seal compensation structure to move along the seal track, which is not convenient for operation. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a main drive seal structure of a roadheader to solve the technical problem that the main drive seal structure capable of compensating the wear of the seal in the prior art is inconvenient to use. The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a roadheader to solve the same technical problem.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is: A main drive sealing structure of a tunnel boring machine, the sealing structure comprises a grease ring and a sealing runway, a sealing pressure ring is arranged on the grease ring, a plurality of axially spaced sealing members are arranged between the grease ring and the sealing runway, the side where the sealing pressure ring is arranged on the grease ring is the front side, a sealing compensation section is arranged at the front end of the sealing runway, the diameter of the rear side of the sealing compensation section at any position from front to rear is not less than the diameter of the front side, the sealing compensation section has a sealing compensation surface with a continuously increasing diameter, the front portion and at least the frontmost seal is a compensable seal that seals with the sealing compensation surface, and the sealing structure also comprises a compensation driving device to drive the compensable seal to move backward after the compensable seal is worn a certain amount.

[0009] As a further improvement, a displacement gap is provided between the rearmost compensating seal and the seal on the rear side thereof.

[0010] As a further improvement, the grease ring is provided with a locking structure which is radially movable and can be inserted into and withdrawn from the displacement interval.

[0011] As a further improvement, a locking mounting seat is provided on the grease ring, the locking structure is installed on the locking mounting seat, and an elastic driving member is provided on the locking mounting seat. The elastic force direction of the elastic driving member is configured to drive the locking structure to withdraw from the displacement interval when released.

[0012] As a further improvement, at least the first two seals are compensating seals.

[0013] As a further improvement, the sealing compensation section is provided with sealing compensation surfaces whose number is the same as the compensable sealing components, and the portion of the sealing compensation section located between two adjacent sealing compensation surfaces is an equal-diameter portion with the same diameter.

[0014] As a further improvement, the compensating drive device is installed on the sealing pressure ring.

[0015] As a further improvement, the compensating drive device includes a driving motor or a hydraulic motor axially movably mounted on the sealing pressure ring, the output shaft of the driving motor or the hydraulic motor is connected to a push screw, and the push screw is inserted into a threaded hole fixed relative to the sealing pressure ring, so that the driving motor or the hydraulic motor can drive the push screw to rotate and retreat to push the compensating seal.

[0016] As a further improvement, the power output shaft of the drive motor or hydraulic motor is connected to the push screw through a parallel shaft gear transmission mechanism, and the drive motor is located at the rear side of the gear transmission mechanism.

[0017] As a further improvement, a drive installation groove is provided at the front end of the sealing pressure ring, the compensation drive device is installed in the drive installation groove, and the drive installation groove is provided with a protective cover that closes the groove.

[0018] As a further improvement, the sealing structure further comprises a wear detection device for detecting the wear amount of the compensable sealing component.

[0019] The present invention belongs to an invention creation of element change, and its beneficial effect is: the main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine in the present invention can also compensate for the wear of the seal. Specifically, during the construction process, since the diameter of the sealing compensation surface continuously increases from front to back, the wear of the seal can be compensated. The compensating seal can be driven to move backward through the compensation drive device, and the sealing compensation surface can continue to compress the seal to form a tighter sealing fit, which is equivalent to compensating for the wear of the seal.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the moving part in the present invention is a compensating seal. In the process of driving the compensating seal to move, since the compensating seal has been worn and the compensating seal will be further compressed and deformed during movement, it does not actually require too much force to drive it to move backward, making it convenient to use.

[0021] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is: A tunnel boring machine includes a main drive, which is equipped with a sealing structure. The sealing structure includes a grease ring and a sealing runway. A sealing pressure ring is provided on the grease ring. A plurality of axially spaced sealing members are provided between the grease ring and the sealing runway. The side where the sealing pressure ring is provided by the grease ring is the front side. A sealing compensation section is provided at the front end of the sealing runway. The diameter of the rear side of the sealing compensation section at any position from front to rear is not less than the diameter of the front side. The sealing compensation section has a sealing compensation surface with a continuously increasing diameter. The front portion and at least the frontmost seal is a compensable seal that seals with the sealing compensation surface. The sealing structure also includes a compensation drive device to drive the compensable seal to move backward after the compensable seal is worn a certain amount.

[0022] As a further improvement, a displacement gap is provided between the rearmost compensating seal and the seal on the rear side thereof.

[0023] As a further improvement, the grease ring is provided with a locking structure which is radially movable and can be inserted into and withdrawn from the displacement interval.

[0024] As a further improvement, a locking mounting seat is provided on the grease ring, the locking structure is installed on the locking mounting seat, and an elastic driving member is provided on the locking mounting seat. The elastic force direction of the elastic driving member is configured to drive the locking structure to withdraw from the displacement interval when released.

[0025] As a further improvement, at least the first two seals are compensating seals.

[0026] As a further improvement, the sealing compensation section is provided with sealing compensation surfaces whose number is the same as the compensable sealing components, and the portion of the sealing compensation section located between two adjacent sealing compensation surfaces is an equal-diameter portion with the same diameter.

[0027] As a further improvement, the compensating drive device is installed on the sealing pressure ring.

[0028] As a further improvement, the compensating drive device includes a driving motor or a hydraulic motor axially movably mounted on the sealing pressure ring, the output shaft of the driving motor or the hydraulic motor is connected to a push screw, and the push screw is inserted into a threaded hole fixed relative to the sealing pressure ring, so that the driving motor or the hydraulic motor can drive the push screw to rotate and retreat to push the compensating seal.

[0029] As a further improvement, the power output shaft of the drive motor or hydraulic motor is connected to the push screw through a parallel shaft gear transmission mechanism, and the drive motor is located at the rear side of the gear transmission mechanism.

[0030] As a further improvement, a drive installation groove is provided at the front end of the sealing pressure ring, the compensation drive device is installed in the drive installation groove, and the drive installation groove is provided with a protective cover that closes the groove.

[0031] As a further improvement, the sealing structure further comprises a wear detection device for detecting the wear amount of the compensable sealing component.

[0032] The present invention belongs to an invention creation of element change, and its beneficial effect is: the main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine in the present invention can also compensate for the wear of the seal. Specifically, during the construction process, since the diameter of the sealing compensation surface continuously increases from front to back, the wear of the seal can be compensated. The compensating seal can be driven to move backward through the compensation drive device, and the sealing compensation surface can continue to compress the seal to form a tighter sealing fit, which is equivalent to compensating for the wear of the seal.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the moving part in the present invention is a compensating seal. In the process of driving the compensating seal to move, since the compensating seal has been worn and the compensating seal will be further compressed and deformed during movement, it does not actually require too much force to drive it to move backward, making it convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the main drive used in the embodiment of the main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine in the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of the location of the middle sealing cavity; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the sealing components of the main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine in the embodiment of the present invention during normal tunneling; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the sealing components of the main drive sealing structure embodiment of the tunnel boring machine during the first backward movement in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the sealing components of the main drive sealing structure embodiment of the tunnel boring machine during the second backward movement in the present invention.

[0035] Description of reference numerals: 1. Grease ring; 2. Main bearing; 3. Sealing pressure ring outer ring; 4. Cutter head connector; 5. Sealing runway; 6. Sealing chamber; 7. Positioning structure; 8. Positioning mounting seat; 9. Driving motor; 10. Push screw; 11. Threaded sleeve; 12. Pinion; 13. Protective cover; 31. Sealing pressure ring inner ring; 101. First seal; 102. Second seal; 103. Third seal; 104. Fourth seal; 21. First spacer ring; 22. Second spacer ring outer ring; 23. Second spacer ring inner ring; 24. Third spacer ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to provide a main drive seal structure for a tunnel boring machine that can both compensate for the wear of the seal and be convenient to use, the basic technical concept of the present invention is to configure the seal as a movable part that can move axially, and configure the part on the sealing runway that cooperates with the seal to compensate for the wear as a fixed part relative to the sealing runway. During the construction process, if the front seal is worn, the seal can be pushed back to continue to seal with the sealing runway. It is not difficult to understand that it does not require much force to push the seal back, and this method is more convenient to use.

[0037] Based on the above concept, the present invention is further described in detail in combination with embodiments.

[0038] Specific embodiments of the main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention: by Figure 1 and Figure 2 As an example, here we first briefly introduce the main drive system of the tunnel boring machine. The main drive system includes a main bearing 2. The main bearing 2 generally adopts a three-row cylindrical roller slewing bearing, which includes a fixed part and a rotatable part. The rotatable part is used to connect with the cutter disc and drive the cutter disc to rotate. The rotatable part (such as the inner ring) is connected to the cutter disc connector 4, and the cutter disc is connected through the cutter disc connector 4. There is no doubt that once slag and stone invade the inside of the main bearing 2, it will seriously affect the normal operation of the tunnel boring machine. Whether the main drive sealing structure is reliable is related to the overall construction progress. The cutter disc connector 4 is annular, and the positions where the inner and outer circumferences are connected to the main bearing 2 need to be sealed, that is, the corresponding inner sealing structure and outer sealing structure. This article uses the outer sealing structure as an example to explain the sealing structure.

[0039] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, it is basically consistent with the prior art that the sealing structure includes a grease ring 1, a sealing track 5, and a sealing pressure ring, and the sealing pressure ring is arranged on the grease ring 1. The grease ring 1, the sealing track 5, the main bearing 2 and the sealing pressure ring together constitute a sealing chamber 6. Those skilled in the art can understand that the end connected to the cutter disc is the front end, or the side where the sealing pressure ring is arranged is the front side. The sealing pressure ring in this embodiment is a split structure, specifically including a sealing pressure ring outer ring 3 and a sealing pressure ring inner ring 31. The inside and outside here refer to the inside and outside in the radial direction, and the center is the inside. However, it should be noted that in other embodiments, the situation where the sealing pressure ring is an integral structure is not excluded. The sealing track 5 is installed on the cutter disc connector 4 and can rotate with the cutter disc connector 4. The grease ring 1 is connected to the fixed part of the main bearing 2 (such as the outer ring). There are multiple axially spaced seals between the grease ring 1 and the sealing track 5. The figure shows an example of a four-seal arrangement, namely, from front to back, the first seal 101, the second seal 102, the third seal 103, and the fourth seal 104. However, it should be noted that in other embodiments, three, five or even more seals are used. Each seal can be a lip seal. Of course, other embodiments do not exclude the use of VD seals and finger seals. An oil injection channel is provided on the grease ring 1, and oil can be injected between two adjacent seals. In order to facilitate the installation and positioning of each seal, a spacer ring is provided between two adjacent seals. In other words, the seal is installed in the corresponding position through the spacer ring. Specifically, since there are four seals, the corresponding spacers are the first spacer ring 21, the second spacer ring, and the third spacer ring 24. The second spacer ring is a split structure, specifically including a second spacer ring outer ring 22 and a second spacer ring inner ring 23. The inside and outside here refer to the front and back directions, and the front is the outside.

[0040] Among all the seals, the front seals are the first to be exposed to the invading dirt such as slag and stones, and are also the most likely to be worn and fail. In order to compensate for the wear of the seals, Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, a sealing compensation section is provided at the front end of the sealing runway 5. After the front and at least the most front seal is worn to a certain amount, the seal can be pushed backward to compensate for the wear. The diameter of the worn seal will increase, so the sealing compensation section should also have a part with a variable diameter (small in front and large in the back) to compensate for the wear of the seal. In other words, the sealing compensation section should be a structure that is small in front and large in the back. In order to ensure that each seal is installed smoothly, the diameter of the rear side of the sealing compensation section at any position from front to back cannot be less than the diameter of the front side. There are two situations here. One refers to the diameter of the sealing compensation section increasing continuously and gradually from front to back (similar to a cone), and the other is Figure 4 As shown, the sealing compensation section increases in diameter from front to back in a step-like manner.

[0041] Regardless of the above situations, the sealing compensation section should have a portion with a continuously increasing diameter, and the outer peripheral surface of this portion can be defined as a sealing compensation surface. The front portion of the seal, and at least the frontmost seal is a seal that seals with the sealing compensation surface, and this seal can be defined as a compensable seal. The figure shows an example of a situation in which the first two seals, namely the first seal 101 and the second seal 102, are compensable seals. Correspondingly, for the sealing compensation section from front to back in the stage, there are also two sealing compensation surfaces, and the two sealing compensation surfaces are respectively sealed with two seals, and the part between the two adjacent compensable sealing surfaces is an equal diameter part with the same diameter, which facilitates the movement of the spacer ring (first spacer ring 21). For a sealing compensation section similar to a frustum, there is only one actual sealing compensation surface, and the two seals are respectively matched with different seals in the front and rear directions of the sealing compensation section. It should be emphasized here that regarding the continuous increase in the diameter of the sealing compensation surface, the figure shows an example of a sealing compensation surface that is similar to a slope (with a constant slope) from a cross-sectional perspective, but in other embodiments, the situation where the sealing compensation surface is an arc surface from a cross-sectional perspective is not excluded.

[0042] Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in other embodiments, only the frontmost seal may be set as the seal compensating member. Alternatively, when there are many seals, the front three seals may be set as the seal compensating members.

[0043] In order to drive the compensating seal to move backward, in this embodiment, the sealing structure is further provided with a compensating driving device, which drives the compensating seal to move backward after the compensating seal is worn to a certain extent. After the compensating seal (i.e., the first seal 101 and the second seal 102) moves backward for a certain distance, the compensating seal moves to a position where the diameter of the sealing compensation section is larger. At this time, the sealing compensation section can still play the role of compressing the seal to maintain the seal, thereby avoiding sealing failure.

[0044] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the moving part in the present invention is the compensating seal. In the process of pushing the compensating seal to move, since the compensating seal has been worn and the compensating seal will be further compressed and deformed during movement, it does not actually require too much force to push it to move backward, which is convenient to use.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, there is a displacement interval between the rearmost compensating seal (the second seal 102) and the seal behind it. This is also the purpose of setting the second spacer ring as a split structure. The displacement interval refers to the axial interval between the second spacer ring outer ring 22 and the second spacer ring inner ring 23. In other words, the front and rear multi-pass seals are divided into two parts as a whole, namely the movable compensating seal and the other stationary seals. The displacement interval provides a movable space for the movable compensating seal. Compared with the solution of pushing all the seals backward (a gap can be left between the rearmost seal and the grease ring 1), this is convenient for driving the compensating seal to move backward (less resistance) on the one hand, and on the other hand, the other stationary seals can be kept in a relatively stable sealing state.

[0046] In a further preferred embodiment, in order to prevent the compensating seal from accidentally moving backwards and being over-compressed, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the grease ring 1 is provided with a locking structure 7, which can move radially to insert and withdraw from the displacement interval. Figure 4 As shown, the positioning structure 7 is inserted into the displacement interval, and the compensating seal cannot move backward. After the compensating seal is worn to a certain extent, the positioning structure 7 can be withdrawn from the displacement interval, so that the compensating seal can move backward. Of course, in order to ensure that the positioning structure 7 can play a uniform clamping role, the positioning structure 7 can be set at multiple locations along the circumference, preferably evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0047] As an optional implementation of the latching structure 7, Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown, the grease ring 1 is provided with a locking mounting seat 8, and the locking structure 7 is installed on the locking mounting seat 8. Specifically, the locking structure 7 can be a columnar structure, a plate-like structure, etc. Correspondingly, in order to be able to install the locking mounting seat 8, the grease ring 1 is provided with a groove. The locking mounting seat 8 is provided with an elastic driving member, which can be a spiral spring. The elastic force direction of the elastic driving member is configured to drive the locking structure 7 to withdraw from the displacement interval when released. In the initial state, the elastic driving member is compressed or stretched. After the elastic driving member is released, the elastic force drives the locking structure 7 to move radially and then withdraw from the displacement interval.

[0048] It should be noted that the above only exemplifies an implementation method of a simple and easy-to-control locking structure 7. Those skilled in the art understand that the specific method for realizing radial movement of the locking structure 7 is certainly not limited to the above method. For example, a hydraulic cylinder can be configured to drive the locking structure 7 to move up and down.

[0049] As a preferred installation method for a compensating drive device, Figure 3 and 4As shown, the compensating drive device is installed on the sealing pressure ring. Since the sealing pressure ring is located further forward, the compensating drive device can be installed more conveniently at this time to form a structure that pushes the compensating seal to retreat. Of course, it is not difficult to understand that in order to stably push the compensating seal to retreat, the compensating drive device can also be arranged with multiple circumferentially spaced arrangements, preferably evenly distributed circumferentially. In addition, it should be noted that in other embodiments, the situation where the compensating drive device is installed on the grease ring 1 is not excluded. For example, a corresponding installation groove can be opened on the grease ring 1 to accommodate the compensating drive device. However, in this case, a more complex transmission mechanism needs to be set to transmit the power of the compensating drive device to the compensating seal.

[0050] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the compensating drive device includes a driving motor 9 axially movably mounted on the sealing pressure ring, and the output shaft of the driving motor 9 is connected to a push screw 10, and the push screw 10 is inserted into a threaded hole fixed relative to the sealing pressure ring, so that the driving motor 9 drives the push screw 10 to rotate and push back to push the compensating seal. The above-mentioned threaded hole can be drilled directly on the sealing pressure ring, or a threaded sleeve 11 can be installed on the sealing pressure ring. The push screw 10 and the threaded hole are equivalent to forming a set of screw nut mechanism. Of course, the driving motor 9 here can also be equivalently replaced by a hydraulic motor.

[0051] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, according to the actual wear condition, the compensating seal can be moved back twice or even multiple times to compensate for different wear amounts. The number of revolutions of the push screw 10 is related to its front and rear displacement, and once the push screw 10 stops rotating, it can be self-locked. At this time, on the one hand, the backward displacement of the compensating drive member can be accurately controlled, and on the other hand, the compensating seal can be ensured to be in a stable sealing state.

[0052] When the sealing ring is a split structure, i.e., includes a sealing ring outer ring 3 and a sealing ring inner ring 31, the pushing screw 10 pushes the sealing ring inner ring 31, and then the sealing ring inner ring 31 pushes the compensating seal, i.e., the pushing screw 10 indirectly pushes the compensating seal. Compared with the way that the pushing screw 10 directly pushes the compensating seal, the compensating seal can be subjected to the pushing force of the entire large ring, thereby avoiding local force damage.

[0053] It should be emphasized here that, in other embodiments, the use of hydraulic cylinders or air cylinders to push the compensating seal is not excluded.

[0054] In a further preferred embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the power output shaft of the drive motor 9 is connected to the push screw 10 through a parallel shaft gear transmission mechanism, which can be a primary gear transmission. For example, the power output shaft of the drive motor 9 is equipped with a pinion 12, and the push screw 10 is equipped with a large gear meshing with the pinion 12. The power of the drive motor 9 is transmitted to the push screw 10 through the gear transmission mechanism. Moreover, the drive motor 9 is located at the rear side of the gear transmission mechanism. At this time, the drive motor 9 and the push screw 10 are two basically parallel structures, which saves more space in the front and rear directions.

[0055] It should be emphasized here that, in other embodiments, the driving motor 9 is connected to the push screw 10 via a coupling.

[0056] Regardless of which of the above-mentioned compensating drive devices is used, in a further preferred embodiment, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the front end of the sealing ring is provided with a drive installation groove, and the compensating drive device is installed in the drive installation groove, which can prevent the compensating drive device from protruding out of the sealing ring, and the structure is more compact. At the same time, the drive installation groove is provided with a protective cover that closes the groove, and the protective cover can protect the compensating drive device and prevent the slag from damaging the compensating drive device.

[0057] In some preferred embodiments, in order to accurately obtain the wear amount of the compensable seal, the main drive seal structure of the tunnel boring machine also includes a wear detection device, which is used to detect the wear amount of the compensable seal. This can provide an accurate reference for when to control the compensable seal to retreat. Specifically, the wear detection device can be consistent with the prior art, such as the patent application cited in the background technology section, and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] However, it should be noted that in other embodiments, it is not excluded that a wear detection device is not provided, but the wear amount of the compensable seal is roughly judged based on previously obtained data. For example, after excavating a certain distance, the compensable seal is actively controlled to retract.

[0059] Specific embodiments of the tunnel boring machine in the present invention: The tunnel boring machine includes a main drive, and the sealing structure of the main drive is consistent with the main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine recorded in the embodiment of the main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine, and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments without creative work, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A main drive sealing structure of a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The sealing structure includes a grease ring and a sealing track. A sealing pressure ring is provided on the grease ring. A plurality of axially spaced sealing members are provided between the grease ring and the sealing track. The side on which the sealing pressure ring is provided by the grease ring is the front side. A sealing compensation section is provided at the front end of the sealing track. The diameter of the rear side of the sealing compensation section at any position from front to rear is not less than the diameter of the front side. The sealing compensation section has a sealing compensation surface with a continuously increasing diameter. The front portion and at least the frontmost sealing member is a compensable seal that seals with the sealing compensation surface. The sealing structure also includes a compensation driving device to drive the compensable seal to move backward after the compensable seal is worn a certain amount.

2. The main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A displacement interval is provided between the rearmost compensating seal and the seal at the rear side thereof.

3. The main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The grease ring is provided with a locking structure which can move radially and can be inserted into and withdrawn from the displacement interval.

4. The main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A locking mounting seat is provided on the grease ring, the locking structure is installed on the locking mounting seat, and an elastic driving member is provided on the locking mounting seat. The elastic force direction of the elastic driving member is configured to drive the locking structure to withdraw from the displacement interval when released.

5. The main drive sealing structure of a tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: At least the first two seals are compensating seals.

6. The main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The sealing compensation section is provided with sealing compensation surfaces whose number is the same as the compensating seals, and the portion of the sealing compensation section located between two adjacent sealing compensation surfaces is an equal-diameter portion with the same diameter.

7. The main drive sealing structure of a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The compensating drive is mounted on the sealing pressure ring.

8. The main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The compensating drive device includes a driving motor or a hydraulic motor axially movably mounted on the sealing pressure ring, the output shaft of the driving motor or the hydraulic motor is connected to a push screw, and the push screw is inserted into a threaded hole fixed relative to the sealing pressure ring, so that the driving motor or the hydraulic motor drives the push screw to rotate and retreat to push the compensating seal.

9. The main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power output shaft of the driving motor or the hydraulic motor is connected to the push screw through a parallel shaft gear transmission mechanism, and the driving motor is located at the rear side of the gear transmission mechanism.

10. The main drive sealing structure of a roadheader according to any one of claims 1-4 and 7-9, characterized in that: A drive installation groove is arranged at the front end of the sealing pressure ring, a compensation drive device is arranged in the drive installation groove, and a protective cover for closing the groove is arranged in the drive installation groove.

11. The main drive sealing structure of a tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sealing structure also includes a wear detection device for detecting the wear amount of the compensable sealing component.

12. A tunnel boring machine, comprising a main drive, the main drive being provided with a sealing structure, characterized in that: The sealing structure is the main drive sealing structure of the tunnel boring machine as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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